CN105612036B - 用于制造薄膜或膜片的方法 - Google Patents

用于制造薄膜或膜片的方法 Download PDF

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CN105612036B
CN105612036B CN201480027334.6A CN201480027334A CN105612036B CN 105612036 B CN105612036 B CN 105612036B CN 201480027334 A CN201480027334 A CN 201480027334A CN 105612036 B CN105612036 B CN 105612036B
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diaphragm
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film
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CN105612036A (zh
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K·摩根贝泽
H·弗拉施
M·普罗舍克
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Hundred De Fu Steel Band Co Ltds
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C41/00Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C41/24Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length
    • B29C41/28Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length by depositing flowable material on an endless belt
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/0288Controlling heating or curing of polymers during moulding, e.g. by measuring temperatures or properties of the polymer and regulating the process
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    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C41/00Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C41/34Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C41/52Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D7/00Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D7/00Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29D7/01Films or sheets
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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    • G01N21/25Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/0277Apparatus with continuous transport of the material to be cured
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于制造薄膜或膜片(1)的方法,包括下述步骤:a)施加至少一种用于制造薄膜或膜片(1)的材料(2)到运动的带(3)上,b)至少部分硬化和/或部分干燥材料(2),其中,在步骤b)期间借助至少一种非侵入性波谱检查法检测所述材料的特性和/或在所述带(3)周围限定的环境区域的热状态量。

Description

用于制造薄膜或膜片的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于制造薄膜或膜片的方法。
背景技术
开头所提类型的方法或装置例如由US2012/292800 A1以及WO84/01430 A公开。
开头所提类型的方法或装置用于制造薄膜或膜片,诸如例如在制药工业中所用的聚乙烯醇薄膜(PVOH薄膜)或例如对于生产液晶显示器所用的三醋酸酯膜片(TAC膜片)。在此,作为用于涂覆和运输膜片的工艺带所用的无端带在驱动辊和转向辊之间环行,所述带张紧于两辊之间。在该已知的解决方案中,将液态的原始材料浇注于带上。然后该材料可在带表面上形成均匀的膜片,膜片随后可经受进一步的处理过程,如干燥、拉延、剪切等。在下文中为了更简单的易读性,术语“膜片”亦代表薄膜并且一般性概括代表可延展或不可延展、弹性或非弹性固体物料的任何形式的面状、尤其是板状或带状的单层或多层结构。
为了到达高的生产速度,膜片大多在仍潮湿的状态下从所述带剥离。术语“潮湿”在溶剂基膜片中涉及膜片内仍包含的溶剂含量。例如在膜片完全干燥时溶剂含量为零。但在已知的解决方案中,无法在膜片从带剥离下来之前确定溶剂含量。而这一点构成了重大的缺点,因为溶剂含量在溶剂基膜片中是表示被剥离的膜片质量的重要参数。借助已知的解决方案也不能在生产过程期间在不中断生产过程的情况下测量工艺参数的变化。
发明内容
因此,本发明的任务在于克服上述缺点。
根据本发明,该任务借助开头所提类型的方法通过如下文所述的特征来解决。本发明能够无空隙地监测膜片形成过程并且精确定位可能出现的干扰/故障。
具体而言,本发明提供一种用于制造薄膜或膜片的方法,包括下述依次相继的步骤:
a)施加至少一种用于制造薄膜或膜片的材料到运动的带上,
b)至少部分硬化和/或部分干燥所述材料,
其中,在步骤b)期间借助至少一种非侵入性波谱检查法检测所述材料的特性,其特征在于:在第一位置上将所述材料浇注于所述带上,并且在第二位置上将至少部分硬化和/或干燥的材料从所述带上剥离,并且将第一和第二位置之间的距离划分为大小相同或不同的多个区段,并且在每个区段中以可预定的时间间隔检测所述材料的参数。
根据本发明的解决方案能够以简单的方式在整个生产过程期间通过对膜片材料的波谱图分析来精确检测材料的特性,如其硬化程度和/或干燥度和/或其厚度和/或其溶剂含量以及其它工艺参数如温度和压力等,且不会因测量而介入制造过程或对制造过程造成不利影响。
已证明特别有利的是,在步骤b)中作为波谱检查法使用红外吸收法。红外波谱法已证实在本发明的范围中特别适用,尽管如此,也可使用其它的波谱检查法,例如拉曼波谱法。
根据本发明的一种方案可规定,由借助波谱检查法测得的波谱来确定在带周围限定的环境区域的状态量的和/或材料的至少一个参数的实际值并将该实际值与至少一个额定值比较。
根据本发明的一种扩展方案,根据实际值与额定值的偏差来操作执行元件,以改变所述限定的环境区域的至少一个状态量或所述带的输送速度。
本发明的一种优选方案规定,所述薄膜或膜片是溶剂基膜片或溶剂基薄膜,其中,溶剂的蒸发导致材料的干燥和/或硬化,并且在步骤b)中在至少一个预定的测量位置上检测材料的实时溶剂含量。
根据本发明的一种优选方案,为波谱中各个波长或波长范围的强度值配置材料的参数的值和/或在带周围限定的环境区域的状态量的参数的值。
有利的是,材料的所述至少一个参数是材料厚度和/或材料的溶剂含量。
在所述带周围限定的环境区域的所述至少一个求得的状态量可以是在该限定的环境区域中的温度和/或大气压力。
附图说明
为了更好地理解本发明,下面借助附图详细说明本发明。附图如下:
附图以高度简化示意图示出:
图1为根据本发明的装置;
图2为红外波谱;
图3为第一表格,其具有被分配给波长的不同强度值的材料参数和状态量值;
图4为第二表格,其具有被分配给波长的不同强度值的材料参数和状态量值。
具体实施方式
首先要指出,在不同描述的实施方式中相同部件均使用同一附图标记或相同构件名称,其中,在全部说明书中包含的公开内容可以按意义转到具有相同附图标记或相同构件名称的部件上。同样,在说明中所选择的位置说法如上、下、侧等等是针对于直接描述以及所示附图而言的,在位置改变时按意义可转到新的位置。此外,所图示的和描述的不同实施例中的单个特征或特征组合本身是独立的、有创造性的或根据本发明的解决方案。
根据图1,本发明的装置1包括在转向辊2和驱动辊3之间环行的、构造为无端带的带4。但本发明并不限于使用无端带,例如也可使用在其端部上不连接的带4,该带从一个辊上退绕并在一个端部上再次卷绕。
装置1包括一个或多个波谱仪5、优选光谱仪,它们与装置5的控制器6连接。在此应指出,在本发明的范围中也可仅使用一个波谱仪5。但当在下文提及复数波谱仪时,关于测量和所检测波谱的评估处理的技术教导按意义也可以用于仅一个波谱仪5。控制器6可与执行元件9连接,通过该执行元件可调节工艺参数,如在带4上特定区域中的温度或带4的运行速度等。因此,执行元件9例如可以是制动器,该制动器作用于驱动辊或加热装置等。
装置1用于制造膜片7。该膜片可以是溶剂基膜片,如所谓的TAC膜片、聚乙烯醇(PVOH)膜片等。作为溶剂,例如可在TAC膜片的情况下使用二氯甲烷(亚甲基氯化物)或在PVOH膜片的情况下使用水。
根据本发明的方法,为了制造膜片7,将液态形式的材料8施加到运动的带4上。材料8的施加可通过浇注例如借助幕式涂覆、挤出、喷淋等来进行。浇注的材料8在带4上形成膜状层并且在带4上经受处理,该处理导致材料8至少部分干燥和/或硬化。
借助波谱仪5所采用的非侵入性波谱检查法,可检测材料8的特性和/或在带4周围限定的环境区域的热状态量。所述带4的限定的环境区域例如可通过相应波谱仪5与带4表面的距离来确定。
波谱检查法优选是红外吸收法。已表明在近红外区中傅立叶变换红外波谱法在本发明的范围中是特别有利的。这种方法简称为FTNIR波谱法。在此,作为波谱仪5可使用傅立叶变换红外波谱仪(FTIR波谱仪)。
用近红外区的光波长照射材料8,并借助波谱仪5在装置1的不同位置上以公知方式测量相应的吸收波谱。若测量在带4上方进行,则可在带4上方设置激励光源,或者根据具体结构方式激励光源也可集成在相应的波谱仪5中。发射的光线穿过材料8并且部分发送光线在带4表面上被反射,所述带优选构造为具有封闭表面的金属带。部分光线被材料8吸收。入射光线和反射光线的方向在图1中以箭头示出。由被带4表面反射并且沿相应波谱仪5方向穿过材料8入射到相应波谱仪5上的光线于是得到在图2中所示的NIR吸收波谱形式的波谱11。若测量并非在(反射的)带表面上方、而是在材料8已经作为被剥离的膜片7存在的区域中进行,则光源10必须与波谱仪5相对置设置。膜片7在此情况下在光源10和波谱仪5之间延伸。
在图2中示出了关于波数k的强度。波谱11中包括能说明特定的材料参数、例如材料的溶剂含量的特性波数k1、k2。特性波数k1、k2在此位于例如所用溶剂具有较高吸收的区域中。
由图3和4的表格可见,可为波谱11中各个特性波长或波长范围的不同强度值I1、I11、I12、I1i、I2、I21、I22、I2i配置用于材料的参数和/或在带4周围限定的环境区域的状态量的参数的值。
通过将针对特定波数k1、k11、k12、k1i、k2、k21、k22、k2i测得的强度值直接配置给具体参数值或温度值,可以配置在特定处理位置上材料的各个参数亦或例如处理温度T1、T11、T12、T1i、T2、T21、T22、T2i。因此,例如可通过称量膜片来测量材料8的实时溶剂含量L1、L11、L12、L1i、L2、L21、L22、L2i,并且同时可确定波数k1和k2的强度I1、I11、I12、I1i、I2、I21、I22、I2i或所述波数周围大小可预定的范围内的最大强度I1、I11、I12、I1i、I2、I21、I22、I2i。同时也可测量在带4周围确定的环境区域中的处理温度。该测量可针对不同的溶剂含量进行,使得能够如图3和图4表格所示那样将强度值I1、I11、I12、I1i、I2、I21、I22、I2i配置给溶剂含量或者温度T1、T11、T12、T1i、T2、T21、T22、T2i。在此应指出,溶剂含量与处理温度之间存在极强的相互关联,因此也可由溶剂含量推导出相应的温度。原则上也可将其它参数配置给强度值I1、I11、I12、I1i、I2、I21、I22、I2i,例如可以上述方式将强度值配置给同样与溶剂含量存在很强关联的材料厚度或者在带4环境区域内的压力及其它工艺参数。
上述自波谱11获取信息的方式是一种由波谱11直接获得相应工艺参数值的简单方法。当然,也可使用信号处理定量方法由波谱11推导出工艺参数的相应值。
因此,可由波谱11确定用于材料8的和/或在带4周围限定的环境区域的状态量的参数的实际值并将该实际值与额定值比较。可由控制器6、例如相应程序化的微处理器或信号处理器来分析评估波谱11并且与额定值进行比较。额定值可存储于在此未示出的、与控制器6连接的存储器中。根据实际值与额定值的偏差,控制器6可操作执行元件9,以改变所述限定的环境区域的至少一个状态量或所述带4的输送速度。因此,控制器6可通过执行元件9例如适配调整特定处理位置上的温度或带4的速度,以便增加或减少材料8在处理中的停留时间。
若膜片7是溶剂基膜片,在处理期间溶剂的蒸发便导致材料8的干燥和/或硬化。在此情况下,可在测量位置上检测材料8的实时溶剂含量L1、L11、L12、L1i、L2、L21、L22、L2i作为实际值并且将该实际值与额定值比较。
通过使用多个波谱仪5,可以将施加材料8和剥离膜片7之间的距离划分为多个区段,在此可为每个区段配置一个波谱仪5。在此可为每个波谱仪5配置适合的自有额定值集。通过这种方式可以使实际值和额定值之间可能出现的偏差在位置上精确地对应匹配,由此能够有针对性地介入干预处理过程。
为规范起见应指出:为了更好地理解本发明装置的结构,该装置或其组成部件在局部未按比例和/或放大和/或缩小地示出。
所述实施例涉及本发明方法的可能的实施方案,在此要指出:本发明并不局限于该特别示出的实施方案本身。落入本申请特征描述的字义内的所有实施方案都被囊括于保护范围。
附图标记列表
1 装置
2 转向辊
3 驱动辊
4 带
5 看谱镜
6 控制器
7 膜片
8 材料
9 执行元件
10 光源
11 波谱
I1、I11、I12、I1i 强度值
I2、I21、I22、I2i 强度值
k1、k12、k1i、 波数
k2、k22、k2i 波数
L1、L11、L12、L1i 溶剂含量
L2、L21、L22、L2i 溶剂含量
T1、T11、T12、T1i 温度
T2、T21、T22、T2i 温度

Claims (7)

1.用于制造薄膜或膜片(7)的方法,包括下述依次相继的步骤:
a)施加至少一种用于制造薄膜或膜片(7)的材料(8)到运动的带(4)上,
b)至少部分硬化和/或部分干燥所述材料(8),
其中,在步骤b)期间借助至少一种非侵入性波谱检查法检测所述材料(8)的特性,其特征在于:在第一位置上将所述材料(8)浇注于所述带(4)上,并且在第二位置上将至少部分硬化和/或干燥的材料(8)从所述带(4)上剥离,并且将第一和第二位置之间的距离划分为大小相同或不同的多个区段,并且在每个区段中以可预定的时间间隔检测所述材料(8)的参数。
2.按照权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:在步骤b)中作为波谱检查法使用红外吸收法。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:由借助波谱检查法测得的波谱(11)确定所述材料(8)的至少一个参数的实际值并将该实际值与至少一个额定值比较。
4.按照权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于:根据实际值与额定值的偏差操作执行元件(6),以改变所述带(4)的输送速度。
5.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:所述薄膜或膜片(7)是溶剂基膜片或溶剂基薄膜,其中,溶剂的蒸发导致所述材料(8)的干燥和/或硬化,并且在步骤b)中在至少一个预定的测量位置上检测材料(8)的实时溶剂含量L1、L11、L12、L1i、L2、L21、L22、L2i
6.按照权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:为波谱中各个波长或波长范围的强度值I1、I11、I12、I1i、I2、I21、I22、I2i配置所述材料的参数的值。
7.按照权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于:所述材料(8)的所述至少一个参数是材料厚度。
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