CN105601882A - 一种自增塑的改性聚己内酯的合成方法 - Google Patents

一种自增塑的改性聚己内酯的合成方法 Download PDF

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CN105601882A
CN105601882A CN201511034862.7A CN201511034862A CN105601882A CN 105601882 A CN105601882 A CN 105601882A CN 201511034862 A CN201511034862 A CN 201511034862A CN 105601882 A CN105601882 A CN 105601882A
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刘学成
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TIANJIN WEIRUI SUPERMOLECULE MATERIAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种自增塑的改性聚己内酯的合成方法,包括如下步骤:将聚已内酯与二异氰酸酯混合,80-100℃搅拌反应后,降至20-60℃加入具有增塑作用的小分子醇,60-110℃搅拌反应至溶液澄清、无醇蒸汽,无气泡后,静置,即得;其中,聚已内酯的OH摩尔数:二异氰酸酯的NCO摩尔数:小分子醇的OH摩尔数为3:6-9:1。本发明以聚已内酯为基体,将具有增塑作用的小分子醇作为增塑剂,通过二异氰酸酯作为交联剂,将增塑剂与聚已内酯之间进行接枝,有效提高聚已内酯的塑化刚性;形成既具柔韧性能、又具塑化刚性材料。

Description

一种自增塑的改性聚己内酯的合成方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种既具柔韧性能、又具塑化刚性的自增塑的改性聚己内酯的合成方法。
背景技术
聚己内酯Polycaprolactone(简称PCL),是由ε-己内酯在金属有机化合物(如四苯基锡)做催化剂,二羟基或三羟基做引发剂条件下开环聚合而成,属于聚合型聚酯,其分子量与歧化度随起始物料的种类和用量不同而异。PCL是一种脂肪族直链聚酯,Tg为-60℃,非常柔软,具有极大的伸展性。但其强度不高,限制了对它的应用。
发明内容
本发明要解决的问题是提供一种利用二异氰酸酯作为交联剂,将柔性材料接枝具有增塑作用的小分子醇,形成既具柔韧性能、又具塑化刚性的自增塑的改性聚己内酯的合成方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种自增塑的改性聚己内酯的合成方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:将聚已内酯与二异氰酸酯混合,80-100℃搅拌反应后,降至20-60℃加入具有增塑作用的小分子醇,60-110℃搅拌反应至溶液澄清、无醇蒸汽,无气泡后,静置,即得;其中,聚已内酯的OH摩尔数:二异氰酸酯的NCO摩尔数:小分子醇的OH摩尔数为3:6-9:1。
优选的,所述聚已内酯包含三羟基官能团,分子量为540。
进一步,所述二异氰酸酯为环烷烃型二异氰酸酯或烷烃型二异氰酸酯。
优选的,所述环烷烃型二异氰酸酯为二(异氰酸根合甲基)环己烷、1,6-己二异氰酸酯、3-异氰酸酯基亚甲基-3,5,5-三甲基环己基异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯或甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯中的一种;更优选的,为甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯。所述二异氰酸酯为环烷烃型二异氰酸酯时,聚已内酯的OH摩尔数:二异氰酸酯的NCO摩尔数:小分子醇的OH摩尔数比为3:6:1。
优选的,所述烷烃型二异氰酸酯为六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)。所述二异氰酸酯为烷烃型二异氰酸酯时,所述合成方法包括如下步骤:将聚已内酯与一部分二异氰酸酯混合,80-100℃搅拌反应后,降至20-60℃加入具有增塑作用的小分子醇,60-110℃搅拌反应,继续加入剩余的二异氰酸酯,100℃搅拌至溶液澄清、无醇蒸汽,无气泡后,静置,即得。
进一步,所述聚已内酯的OH摩尔数:两次加入二异氰酸酯的NCO摩尔数和:小分子醇的OH摩尔数为3:9:1。优选的,第一次加入的二异氰酸酯的NCO摩尔数:聚已内酯的OH摩尔数为2:1。
优选的,所述具有增塑作用的小分子醇为异辛醇或正辛醇。
本发明具有的优点和积极效果是:本发明以聚已内酯为基体,将具有增塑作用的小分子醇作为增塑剂,通过二异氰酸酯作为交联剂,将增塑剂与聚已内酯之间进行接枝,有效提高聚已内酯的塑化刚性;形成既具柔韧性能、又具塑化刚性材料。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明进行具体描述,有必要在此指出的是本实施例只用于对本发明进行进一步说明,不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制,该领域的技术熟练人员可以根据上述发明的内容作出一些本质的改进和调整。
所有的数字标识,例如pH、温度、时间、浓度,包括范围,都是近似值。要了解,虽然不总是明确的叙述所有的数字标识之前都加上术语“约”。同时也要了解,虽然不总是明确的叙述,本文中描述的试剂仅仅是示例,其等价物是本领域已知的。
实施例1
将27g含三羟基官能团分子量为540的聚已内酯(摩尔数:0.05;OH摩尔数:0.15)与29.1g甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(摩尔数:0.15;NCO摩尔数:0.300)混合,80-100℃搅拌反应后,降至60℃,加入6.5g异辛醇(摩尔数0.05),60℃搅拌反应240分钟,升温至100℃,至基本无异辛醇蒸汽,流动性很好,基本无气泡,溶液澄清透明,抽气,至溶液无气泡,停止加热,静置,即得。隔夜观察,发现溶液均匀稳定,室温下流动缓慢,加热到80℃,流动性好。
实施例2
将27g含三羟基官能团分子量为540的聚已内酯(摩尔数:0.05;OH摩尔数:0.15)与29.1g甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯(摩尔数:0.15;NCO摩尔数:0.300)混合,80-100℃搅拌反应后,降至60℃,加入6.5g正辛醇(摩尔数0.05),60℃搅拌反应240分钟,升温至100℃,至基本无正辛醇蒸汽,流动性很好,基本无气泡,溶液澄清透明,抽气,至溶液无气泡,停止加热,静置,即得。隔夜观察,发现溶液均匀稳定,室温下流动缓慢,加热到80℃,流动性好。
实施例3
将73.03g含三羟基官能团分子量为540的聚已内酯(摩尔数:0.1352;OH摩尔数:0.4057)与68.16g六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(摩尔数:0.4057;NCO摩尔数:0.8114)混合,80-100℃搅拌反应3小时后,降至25℃,加入17.58g异辛醇(摩尔数:0.1352),室温搅拌0.5h,溶液呈无色透明,较粘稠,搅拌后发白出现很多气泡。
此时,升温到110℃搅拌1.5h反应,继续加入39.69g六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(摩尔数:0.2363,NCO摩尔数:0.4725),100℃搅拌30min,至溶液澄清、无醇蒸汽,无气泡后,静置,即得。100℃下观察,溶液流动性好,气泡消失,溶液由白变为澄清
实施例4
将13.5g含三羟基官能团分子量为540的聚已内酯(摩尔数:0.025;OH摩尔数:0.075)与12.6g六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(摩尔数:0.075;NCO摩尔数:0.15)混合,100℃搅拌反应3小时后,降至25℃,加入3.25g异辛醇(摩尔数:0.025),室温搅拌0.5h,溶液呈无色透明,较粘稠,搅拌后发白出现很多气泡。
此时,升温到100℃搅拌1.5h反应,继续加入5.18g六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(摩尔数:0.03083,NCO摩尔数:0.06167),100℃搅拌20min,至溶液澄清、无醇蒸汽,无气泡后,静置,即得。100℃下观察,溶液流动性好,气泡消失,溶液由白变为澄清。
效果实验例
将实施例1-4所得的改性聚己内酯继续加入1000分子量的聚已内酯,使得包含的NCO摩尔数与OH摩尔数比例为1,混合均匀后,倒到模具中,在150℃下加热成膜。上述制成的薄膜与聚已内酯薄膜进行比较,结果如下表所示:
拉伸强度(kpa) 断裂伸长率 邵氏硬度
实施例1制得薄膜 389 390% 7
实施例1制得薄膜 365 420% 8
实施例1制得薄膜 425 375% 11
实施例1制得薄膜 418 406% 9
聚已内酯膜 2400 150% 70
由上表可知,本发明可自增塑的改性聚己内酯既具柔韧性能、又具优异的塑化刚性。
以上对本发明的实施例进行了详细说明,但所述内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例,不能被认为用于限定本发明的实施范围。凡依本发明范围所作的均等变化与改进等,均应仍归属于本专利涵盖范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种自增塑的改性聚己内酯的合成方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:将聚已内酯与二异氰酸酯混合,80-100℃搅拌反应后,降至20-60℃加入具有增塑作用的小分子醇,60-110℃搅拌反应至溶液澄清、无醇蒸汽,无气泡后,静置,即得;其中,聚已内酯的OH摩尔数:二异氰酸酯的NCO摩尔数:小分子醇的OH摩尔数为3:6-9:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的自增塑的改性聚己内酯的合成方法,其特征在于:所述聚已内酯包含三羟基官能团,分子量为400-1000。
3.根据权利要求1所述的自增塑的改性聚己内酯的合成方法,其特征在于:所述二异氰酸酯为环烷烃型二异氰酸酯或烷烃型二异氰酸酯。
4.根据权利要求3所述的自增塑的改性聚己内酯的合成方法,其特征在于:所述环烷烃型二异氰酸酯为二(异氰酸根合甲基)环己烷、1,6-己二异氰酸酯、3-异氰酸酯基亚甲基-3,5,5-三甲基环己基异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯或甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的自增塑的改性聚己内酯的合成方法,其特征在于:所述烷烃型二异氰酸酯为六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的自增塑的改性聚己内酯的合成方法,其特征在于:所述具有增塑作用的小分子醇为异辛醇或正辛醇。
7.根据权利要求3所述的自增塑的改性聚己内酯的合成方法,其特征在于:所述二异氰酸酯为环烷烃型二异氰酸酯时,聚已内酯的OH摩尔数:二异氰酸酯的NCO摩尔数:小分子醇的OH摩尔数比为3:6:1。
8.根据权利要求3所述的自增塑的改性聚己内酯的合成方法,其特征在于:所述二异氰酸酯为烷烃型二异氰酸酯时,所述合成方法包括如下步骤:将聚已内酯与一部分二异氰酸酯混合,80-100℃搅拌反应后,降至20-60℃加入具有增塑作用的小分子醇,60-110℃搅拌反应,继续加入剩余的二异氰酸酯,100℃搅拌至溶液澄清、无醇蒸汽,无气泡后,静置,即得。
9.根据权利要求8所述的自增塑的改性聚己内酯的合成方法,其特征在于:所述聚已内酯的OH摩尔数:两次加入二异氰酸酯的NCO摩尔数和:小分子醇的OH摩尔数为3:9:1。
10.根据权利要求9所述的自增塑的改性聚己内酯的合成方法,其特征在于:第一次加入的二异氰酸酯的NCO摩尔数:聚已内酯的OH摩尔数为2:1。
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