CN105594690B - A kind of disinfection treatment method and thimerosal improving lilium oriental cultivation quality - Google Patents
A kind of disinfection treatment method and thimerosal improving lilium oriental cultivation quality Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses disinfection treatment methods and thimerosal that a kind of raising lilium oriental cultivates quality, this method comprises the following steps, bulb disinfection, classification processing, bulb vanning matrix disinfect, vanning processing, cold storage of seedball, bulb thaw, the pre- rooting treatment of low temperature.The present invention also provides a kind of thimerosals.A kind of disinfection treatment method and thimerosal improving lilium oriental cultivation quality provided by the invention, to realize fresh flower lily bulb long-term preservation and keep the growth ability of high activity, by the combination of sterilization method and cold preserving method, solve the problems, such as that bulb freezes storage and root system atrophy and bulb is caused to rot for a long time.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to lilium oriental breeding methods, specially a kind of to improve disappearing for lilium oriental cultivation quality
Malicious processing method and thimerosal.
Background technology：
Lily is Liliaceae (Liliaceae) lilium (Lilium) herbaceos perennial, with its spend big, color is gorgeous,
Flower type it is abundant and as one of the most salable Fresh Cutting flower in the world.And China is the NATURAL DISTRIBUTION center of lily,
In about 94 kinds of the lily that the whole world is found, wherein more than half originate from China, the hundred of country's cultivation at present
Conjunction mainly has oriental hybrid lily, OT hybrids lily and Lilium Pollyanna.Since Lilies breeding work in China's is started late, lily commodity kind
Ball output is few, and lily ball susceptible viral disease attached is degenerated, and cold storage of seedball is backward in technique, and domestic bulb production, which is difficult to meet, cuts
Flower production requirement, fresh cut lily flowers production bulb rely primarily on import.But as China's lily ball demand increases year after year, into
Mouth bulb cost also increases, and lily ball production domesticization is trend of the times, since the holding time is short at normal temperatures for lily ball,
The needs of lily cut flowers whole year production cannot be met, how to extend the cold storage of seedball time, reduce cold storage of seedball during rot and
Root atrophy occurs into problem, is particularly important to lily ball production domesticization.
Currently, domestic lily ball deepfreeze technical research focuses mostly in terms of bulb breaking dormancy, passes through the short time 3
~ 7 DEG C of low-temperature treatments break bulb suspend mode, promote bulb budding, improve abloom rate, but facility condition carries out lily anniversary cut-flower and plants
It when training, needs to be colonized by stages, cold storage of seedball longest needs 9 ~ 10 months, and bulb, which extends, easily occurs rotten and root system in storage
The problems such as atrophy, and the disinfection treatment method before cold storage of seedball directly affects cold storage of seedball effect, the country not yet forms one at present
Set freezes the bulb disinfection treatment method that storage matches for lily ball for a long time.Report about plant stored frozen high activity
Road, as patent CN1013222459A has reported a kind of method that tobacco pollen frost is dried in vacuo, is preserved for a long time in low temperature, solution
The florescence infertility problem determined during the tobacco hybridization production of hybrid seeds, reduces the waste of the blindness and land resource of plantation, carries significantly
High pollination rate, is greatly reduced cost.CN 101926323A have reported a kind of method of oil palm pollen cryopreservation, through removing
After miscellaneous drying, cryopreservation is carried out using liquid nitrogen, can effectively realize pollen long-term preservation.Patent CN102657152A reports
Body embryo by the protection of hypertonic liquid culture medium is put into liquid nitrogen and is surpassed by a kind of Cryopreservation method of embryo materials
Cord blood solves the industrialization bottleneck problem of forest body embryo.Patent CN103283716A reports a kind of plant BY- of simplicity
2 cell stored frozen methods, cell has higher survival rate after stored frozen.It is entitled that " freezing of retail persimmon is protected
Deposit method "（Application number 103116525.7）The stored frozen method for describing persimmon, solve persimmon fresh fruit it is trans-regional, across
The problem of season sells.
The plant tissue Cryopreservation technical method that above-mentioned patent is related to is not particularly suited for lily ball and protects for a long time
It deposits；And there is the freezing and storing method of persimmon fruit to sell unrenewable limitation.Because the bulb growth of lily has its spy
Different property has certain rest period after being harvested such as its bulb, can be with breaking dormancy after low temperature stimulation, sugar and secondary in bulb
Metabolite content is higher, can have protectiveness to bulb inside bud during frost, it is low temperature resistant to improve lily ball
Lily ball year-round supply may be implemented so the cryogenic freezing of certain limit extends the bulb store phase in ability, and regulation and control lily cuts
The colored florescence.
Quality after lily ball frost storage directly affects emergence rate, growth conditions and cut-flower quality after field planting, lily
It is that easy generation bulb chassis is rotted, chassis root is withered or atrophy, bulb mould are critically ill that the problem of after bulb frost storage most, which protrudes,
Evil etc., with the extension of cold preservation time, situation is more serious, or even loses the commodity value of bulb completely, lily kind when serious
Ball rotting rate nearly 100%.The main reason is that bulb chassis root in harvest and washing and cleaning operation is easily injured, preceding bottom is freezed in bulb
Wound on packing is not healed effectively, and chassis root water content is high, the wind that root tissue is damaged in freezing processing procedure
Danger significantly improves, and leads to infecting for thryptophytism fungi, causes root downright bad, and then fungi invades kind from downright bad chassis root position
Ball chassis makes bulb rot, in addition, the harm such as root mite and springtail that lily ball carries can also aggravate invading for thryptophytism fungi
Dye, therefore reinforce lily ball refrigeration to disinfect technical research extremely urgent, the country is there is not yet about a kind of raising east
Lily ball freezes the detailed report of the disinfection treatment method of storage quality.
Invention content
Goal of the invention：For deficiency present in current fresh flower lily bulb Techniques of preserving, the purpose of the present invention is carry
For the bulb disinfection treatment method before a kind of frost storage of lilium oriental, to realize fresh flower lily bulb long-term preservation simultaneously
The growth ability for keeping high activity, by the combination of sterilization method and cold preserving method, solution bulb freezes storage and causes root for a long time
It is atrophy and the problem that bulb rots.
In order to realize that above-mentioned goal of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows：
A kind of disinfection treatment method improving lilium oriental frost storage quality, includes the following steps：
（1）Bulb sterilizes：
（A）The lily ball of mid or late December current year harvesting, the soil of kind of ball surface is cleaned with clear water, after slightly drying
With medicining liquid dipping 20 ~ 30 minutes.
（B）The bulb that medicining liquid dipping is crossed is drained into raffinate in bulb case, is then placed within and is equipped with bottom blowing type axis
Dehumidification treatments 4 ~ 6 days in the freezer of air-cooler are flowed, storehouse temperature controls 3 ~ 5 DEG C.
（2）Classification is handled：After the completion of dehumidification treatments, classification processing is carried out according to different bulb week diameter sizes, generally may be used
It is divided into all 14 ~ 16cm of diameter, 16 ~ 18cm and 18 ~ 20cm, tri- kinds of specifications.
（3）Bulb vanning matrix is disinfected：Disinfectant is admixed in matrix peat and is carried out disinfection, disinfectant is
40% pentachloronitrobenzene and 3% phoxim granule, dosage are respectively 0.5 ~ 1.0 kg/m 3.
（4）Vanning is handled：It is spread in the case with the film of punching, it will（2）In the bulb handled well cased respectively, first
The film of punching is layered in bulb case, and then in peat filling case, bottom peat thickness is 2-3cm, then bulb is put into case,
Then covering peat fills up gap, finally by the film joint sealing moisturizing of punching.
（5）Cold storage of seedball：It will（4）The bulb case handled well is put into the freezer being pre-chilled in advance 14 days（Temperature of ice house controls
At 0~4 DEG C）, after by bulb temperature of ice house control at -1.5 DEG C ± 0.5 DEG C, frost storage 10 months.
（6）Bulb thaws：It will（5）The bulb of frost storage is placed in FCL at 15 ~ 17 DEG C of freezer and thaws,
（7）The pre- rooting treatment of low temperature：After taking root 15 days using 12 ~ 13 DEG C of freezer is pre- in field planting to cultivation matrix.
Further, the lilium oriental, the place of production are the villages Yi Na of the townshiies Zhaotong City Su Jiayuan of Yunnan Province, height above sea level
1910 meters, specific kind is ' Siberia ', is cultivated 1 year and is cultivated using the seed ball in imported from Holland week 6 ~ 10cm of diameter, is colonized
At the beginning of phase late March to 4 months, mid or late December picking time.
Further, the matrix of the bulb vanning package, and field planting matrix is peat.
Further, described（7）Middle cultivation matrix includes the peat in the matrix and seedbed reused, reuse
Matrix uses moise-heat sterilization, and after the peat on seedbed is using film and the covering of canvas bilayer, the steam that steam boiler occurs is led to
Into the matrix of 20cm ~ 50cm depths, 70 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C of substrate temperature keeps 1 ~ 1.5h.
Further, further include facility substrate culture management process.
Further, further include disease control process.
The present invention also provides a kind of thimerosal for the above method, the thimerosal includes by mass fraction：50%
600 ~ 800 times of liquid of carbendazol wettable powder, 97% hymexazol, 1700 ~ 2000 times of liquid, 5% avermectin, 1500 ~ 2000 times of liquid,
10% 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid of special clear 500 ~ 560, the 45% meters of fresh amine of mite, 50% thiram, 500 ~ 600 times of liquid.
Advantageous effect
The present invention develops lilium oriental disinfection treatment method, is conducive to extend lilium oriental storage time, carries
The activity of high oriental hybrid lily refrigeration bulb reduces bulb in cold storage procedure and rots and root system atrophy, and bulb penicilliosis incidence is low
In 3%, compared with existing cold storage of seedball disinfects technology, the present invention can extend oriental hybrid lily kind compared with common refrigeration method
Ball cold preservation time 4 months or more, and rot without bulb, root system occurs without atrophy and wilt phenomenon substantially, and bulb penicilliosis occurs
Rate reduces by 7 percentage points.After cold storage of seedball 10 months, through pre- culture of rootage after still keeping very high bulb activity, bulb to thaw
15 days, cut-flower is planted in greenhouse, performance robust plant, growth potential are prosperous, and cut-flower rate is high, best in quality.Preprocess method is simple
It is easy, it is with obvious effects, there is apparent effect to improving lilium oriental frost storage quality, is lilium oriental scale
Production provides technical guarantee.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, and introduces the correlative study result of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Oriental hybrid lily kind " Siberia " bulb that in late December, 2009 is bred with the townshiies Zhaotong City Su Jiayuan of Yunnan Province is
Material chooses the bulb of all diameter 16-18cm, average per 200, case, carries out lilium oriental and freezes storage test.
Concrete operation step：
A kind of disinfection treatment method improving lilium oriental frost storage quality, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
（1）Bulb is disinfected：The lily ball of late December current year harvesting, first cleans soil with clear water, slightly cool
It is handled 20 minutes with medicament soaking disinfection after dry, pharmacy disinfection formula is：50% 600 times of carbendazol wettable powder, 97% evil are mould
1700 times of spirit, 1500 times of 5% avermectin, clear 500,45% meters of 800 times of the fresh amine of 10% spy mite, 500 times of 50% thiram；It will sterilize
The bulb crossed drains medicament raffinate in the bulb case, be then placed in the freezer for being equipped with bottom blowing type axial cooling air machine 4 days into
Row dehumidification treatments, 3 ~ 5 DEG C of storehouse temperature control setting, evaporator temperature is arranged -10 DEG C, and defrost interval time sets 3 hours 1
Secondary, the defrost time is arranged 20 minutes, enhances the dehumidifying effect of air-cooler, and the moisture of lily ball surface layer scale and root is in cold wind
It is removed under the condensation of machine, when thering is slightly soft, nothing to glue feel feel when bulbous portion is planted in hand contact bulb bottom portion, illustrates to dehumidify
Degree has reached pre-provisioning request, can terminate dehydration, through dehydration bulb surface layer scale and root dry tack free, can more preferably send out
The protective effect for waving thimerosal makes bulb surface layer scale and root damage location effectively be healed.
（2）Classification is handled：After the completion of dehydration, classification processing is carried out according to different bulb week diameter sizes, chooses week
16 ~ 18cm of diameter bulbs carry out frost storage.
（3）The matrix of package bulb is disinfected：Disinfectant is admixed in domestic peat and is carried out disinfection, disinfectant is
40% pentachloronitrobenzene and 3% phoxim granule, dosage are respectively 0.5 kg/m3.And mix peat watering thoroughly, relative humidity is protected
50% is held, has water stain shape when usually squeezing peat with finger, but be advisable without the exudation of apparent water.
（4）Vanning is handled：It is spread in the case with the film of punching, it will（2）In the bulb handled well case, first punching
Film paving in the case, then in peat filling case, bottom peat thickness is 2-3cm, then bulb is put into case, bulb Zhou Jing
16 ~ 18cm, 200 is put per case then in bulb top cladding thickness 2 ~ 3cm peat, then by the film joint sealing moisturizing of punching,
Bayonet above chest is clasped with preprepared wood ribbon to be fixed, prevent film from unclamping above.
（5）Cold storage of seedball method：Bulb case is put into freezer pre-cooled in advance, and row's code is neat, and it is logical to reserve good ventilation
The channel of gas, bulb case stack height and are no more than 1 meter of lower section at the top of freezer, and temperature of ice house is controlled at 0~4 DEG C, and bulb is first pre-chilled
14 days, then bulb temperature of ice house is controlled at -1.5 DEG C ± 0.5 DEG C, frost storage 10 months.
（6）Bulb thaws and the pre- rooting treatment of low temperature：It will（5）The bulb of frost storage is placed in FCL at 15 ~ 17 DEG C and thaws,
Bulb is colonized after being used 12 ~ 13 DEG C of freezer is pre- to take root according to outside air temperature situation 15 days after thawing or is directly planted in greenhouse
（10 ~ 15 DEG C of daily minimal tcmperature）.
（7）Facility substrate culture management process：Cultivation matrix is used through the processed domestic peat soil of moise-heat sterilization, slightly sour
Property, 20 plants/m of planting density2, bulb is colonized 6 ~ 8cm of depth, root water is irrigated after field planting, using the screening of 70% shade rate after field planting
Screened postive covers 30d.Reasonable Regulation And Control temperature of shed, when temperature is less than 8 DEG C in night canopy, using the combustion for being equipped with warm wind supply air system
Coal hot-water boiler heats, 12 ~ 15 DEG C of temperature of shed, and daytime controls 15 ~ 27 DEG C of temperature of shed.When height of seedling is up to 30 centimetres, pouring can
Dissolubility liquid fertilizer N-P-K（10-20-30）With（15-5-15）It each 1000 times, is used alternatingly, with calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate 1 before buddingging：
1,500 ~ 1000 times of concentration is generally applied 1 time for every 6 days, and early squaring to bennet elongation phase stops fertilising, when petal is developed to 3cm
When start adjust fertilizer ratio, increase potassium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, soluble liquid fertilizer N-P-K（10-10-20）, concentration of fertilizer
It 500 ~ 1000 times, applies within every 10 days primary.
（8）Disease control process：Prevention phytophthora and pythium spp compound infection cause root rot, using increase illumination and fit
When control moisture, 500 times of 65% fenaminosulf or 25% first frost+downy mildew wettable powder can be used in chemical control（Containing metalaxyl
15%, Propamocarb 10%）500 times or 600 ~ 1000 times of 72.2% Propamocarb drench plant root.It prevents gray mold and mainly uses and add
Forced ventilation clears up dead leaf and invalid body in time, prevents leaf from burning and induces gray mold, blade face periodically sprays 500 times of carbendazim, 65% generation
1000 times of gloomy MnZn.
Bulb frost storage 10 months, no bulb rots to occur, and root system is substantially without atrophy, withered, bulb penicilliosis hair
Raw rate is less than 3%, and cold storage of seedball plants cut-flower after 10 months, robust plant, growth potential is prosperous, goes out colored rate and is reached up to 98%, A grades of abloom rates
83%。
Embodiment 2
In late December, 2009 acquires oriental hybrid lily kind " Siberia " bulb in Zhaotong region of Yunnan Province, chooses all diameter 18-
The bulb of 20cm, it is average per 150, case, it carries out bulb and freezes storage test.
（1）Bulb is disinfected：The lily ball of late December current year harvesting, first cleans soil with clear water, slightly cool
It is handled 25 minutes with medicament soaking disinfection after dry, pharmacy disinfection formula is：50% 700 times of carbendazol wettable powder, 97% evil are mould
2000 times of spirit, 1500 times of 5% avermectin, clear 500,45% meters of 900 times of the fresh amine of 10% spy mite, 550 times of 50% thiram；It will sterilize
The bulb crossed drains medicament raffinate in the bulb case, be then placed in the freezer for being equipped with bottom blowing type axial cooling air machine 5 days into
Row dehumidification treatments, 3 ~ 5 DEG C of storehouse temperature control setting, evaporator temperature is arranged -15 DEG C, and defrost interval time sets 4 hours 1
Secondary, the defrost time is arranged 26 minutes, enhances the dehumidifying effect of air-cooler, and the moisture of lily ball surface layer scale and root is in cold wind
It is removed under the condensation of machine, when thering is slightly soft, nothing to glue feel feel when bulbous portion is planted in hand contact bulb bottom portion, illustrates to dehumidify
Degree has reached pre-provisioning request, can terminate dehydration, through dehydration bulb surface layer scale and root dry tack free, can more preferably send out
The protective effect for waving thimerosal makes bulb surface layer scale and root damage location effectively be healed.
（2）Classification is handled：After the completion of dehydration, classification processing is carried out according to different bulb week diameter sizes, chooses week
Diameter 18 ~ 20cm bulbs.
（3）The matrix of package bulb is disinfected：Disinfectant is admixed in domestic peat and is carried out disinfection, disinfectant is
40% pentachloronitrobenzene and 3% phoxim granule, dosage are respectively 1.0 kg/ms3.And mix peat watering thoroughly, relative humidity is protected
50% is held, has water stain shape when usually squeezing peat with finger, but be advisable without the exudation of apparent water.
（4）Vanning is handled：It is spread in the case with the film of punching, it will（2）In the bulb handled well case, first punching
Film paving in the case, then in peat filling case, bottom peat thickness is 2-3cm, then bulb is put into case, bulb Zhou Jing
18 ~ 20cm puts 150 per case, then in bulb top cladding thickness 2 ~ 3cm peat, then by the film joint sealing moisturizing of punching,
Bayonet above chest is clasped with preprepared wood ribbon to be fixed, prevent film from unclamping above.
（5）Cold storage of seedball method：Bulb case is put into freezer pre-cooled in advance, and row's code is neat, and it is logical to reserve good ventilation
The channel of gas, bulb case stack height and are no more than 1 meter of lower section at the top of freezer, and temperature of ice house is controlled at 0~4 DEG C, and bulb is first pre-chilled
14 days, then bulb temperature of ice house is controlled at -1.5 DEG C ± 0.5 DEG C, frost storage 10 months.
（6）Bulb thaws and the pre- rooting treatment of low temperature：It will（5）The bulb of frost storage is placed in FCL at 15 ~ 17 DEG C and thaws,
Bulb is colonized after being used 12 ~ 13 DEG C of freezer is pre- to take root according to outside air temperature situation 15 days after thawing or is directly planted in greenhouse
（10 ~ 15 DEG C of daily minimal tcmperature）.
（7）Facility substrate culture management process：Cultivation matrix is used through the processed domestic peat soil of moise-heat sterilization, slightly sour
Property, 20 plants/m of planting density2, bulb is colonized 6 ~ 8cm of depth, root water is irrigated after field planting, using the screening of 70% shade rate after field planting
Screened postive covers 30d.Reasonable Regulation And Control temperature of shed, when temperature is less than 8 DEG C in night canopy, using the combustion for being equipped with warm wind supply air system
Coal hot-water boiler heats, 12 ~ 15 DEG C of temperature of shed, and daytime controls 15 ~ 27 DEG C of temperature of shed.When height of seedling is up to 30 centimetres, pouring can
Dissolubility liquid fertilizer N-P-K（10-20-30）With（15-5-15）It each 1000 times, is used alternatingly, with calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate 1 before buddingging：
1,500 ~ 1000 times of concentration is generally applied 1 time for every 6 days, and early squaring to bennet elongation phase stops fertilising, when petal is developed to 3cm
When start adjust fertilizer ratio, increase potassium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, soluble liquid fertilizer N-P-K（10-10-20）, concentration of fertilizer
It 500 ~ 1000 times, applies within every 10 days primary.
（8）Disease control process：Prevention phytophthora and pythium spp compound infection cause root rot, using increase illumination and fit
When control moisture, 500 times of 65% fenaminosulf or 25% first frost+downy mildew wettable powder can be used in chemical control（Containing metalaxyl
15%, Propamocarb 10%）500 times or 600 ~ 1000 times of 72.2% Propamocarb drench plant root.It prevents gray mold and mainly uses and add
Forced ventilation clears up dead leaf and invalid body in time, prevents leaf from burning and induces gray mold, blade face periodically sprays 500 times of carbendazim, 65% generation
1000 times of gloomy MnZn.
Bulb frost storage 10 months, no bulb rots to occur, and root system is substantially without atrophy, withered, bulb penicilliosis hair
Raw rate is less than 2%, and all 18 ~ 20cm of diameter cold storage of seedball plant cut-flower after 10 months, robust plant, growth potential is prosperous, goes out colored rate up to 99%,
A grades of abloom rates are up to 86%.
Embodiment 3
In late December, 2009 acquires oriental hybrid lily kind " Siberia " bulb in Zhaotong region of Yunnan Province, chooses all diameter 14-
The bulb of 16cm, it is average per 300, case, it carries out bulb and freezes storage test.
（1）Bulb is disinfected：The lily ball of late December current year harvesting, first cleans soil with clear water, slightly cool
It is handled 30 minutes with medicament soaking disinfection after dry, pharmacy disinfection formula is：50% 800 times of carbendazol wettable powder, 97% evil are mould
2000 times of spirit, 2000 times of 5% avermectin, clear 560,45% meters of 1000 times of the fresh amine of 10% spy mite, 600 times of 50% thiram；It will disappear
The bulb that poison is crossed drains medicament raffinate in bulb case, is then placed in the freezer for being equipped with bottom blowing type axial cooling air machine 6 days
Dehumidification treatments are carried out, 3 ~ 5 DEG C of storehouse temperature control setting, evaporator temperature is arranged -10 DEG C, and defrost interval time sets 4 hours 1
Secondary, the defrost time is arranged 30 minutes, enhances the dehumidifying effect of air-cooler, and the moisture of lily ball surface layer scale and root is in cold wind
It is removed under the condensation of machine, when thering is slightly soft, nothing to glue feel feel when bulbous portion is planted in hand contact bulb bottom portion, illustrates to dehumidify
Degree has reached pre-provisioning request, can terminate dehydration, through dehydration bulb surface layer scale and root dry tack free, can more preferably send out
The protective effect for waving thimerosal makes bulb surface layer scale and root damage location effectively be healed.
（2）Classification is handled：After the completion of dehydration, classification processing is carried out according to different bulb week diameter sizes, chooses week
Diameter 14 ~ 16cm specification bulbs.
（3）The matrix of package bulb is disinfected：Disinfectant is admixed in domestic peat and is carried out disinfection, disinfectant is
40% pentachloronitrobenzene and 3% phoxim granule, dosage are respectively 1.0 kg/ms3.And mix peat watering thoroughly, relative humidity is protected
50% is held, has water stain shape when usually squeezing peat with finger, but be advisable without the exudation of apparent water.
（4）Vanning is handled：It is spread in the case with the film of punching, it will（2）In the bulb handled well case, first punching
Film paving in the case, then in peat filling case, bottom peat thickness is 2-3cm, then bulb is put into case, bulb Zhou Jing
14 ~ 16cm puts 300 per case, then in bulb top cladding thickness 2 ~ 3cm peat, then by the film joint sealing moisturizing of punching,
Bayonet above chest is clasped with preprepared wood ribbon to be fixed, prevent film from unclamping above.
（5）Cold storage of seedball：Bulb case is put into freezer pre-cooled in advance, and row's code is neat, reserves good ventilation
Channel, bulb case stack height and are no more than 1 meter of lower section at the top of freezer, and temperature of ice house is controlled at 0~4 DEG C, and bulb is first pre-chilled 14 days,
Bulb temperature of ice house is controlled at -1.5 DEG C ± 0.5 DEG C again, frost storage 10 months.
（6）Bulb thaws and the pre- rooting treatment of low temperature：It will（5）The bulb of frost storage is placed in FCL at 15 ~ 17 DEG C and thaws,
Bulb is colonized after being used 12 ~ 13 DEG C of freezer is pre- to take root according to outside air temperature situation 15 days after thawing or is directly planted in greenhouse
（10 ~ 15 DEG C of daily minimal tcmperature）.
（7）Facility substrate culture management process：Cultivation matrix is used through the processed domestic peat soil of moise-heat sterilization, slightly sour
Property, 20 plants/m of planting density2, bulb is colonized 6 ~ 8cm of depth, root water is irrigated after field planting, using the screening of 70% shade rate after field planting
Screened postive covers 30d.Reasonable Regulation And Control temperature of shed, when temperature is less than 8 DEG C in night canopy, using the combustion for being equipped with warm wind supply air system
Coal hot-water boiler heats, 12 ~ 15 DEG C of temperature of shed, and daytime controls 15 ~ 27 DEG C of temperature of shed.When height of seedling is up to 30 centimetres, pouring can
Dissolubility liquid fertilizer N-P-K（10-20-30）With（15-5-15）It each 1000 times, is used alternatingly, with calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate 1 before buddingging：
1,500 ~ 1000 times of concentration is generally applied 1 time for every 6 days, and early squaring to bennet elongation phase stops fertilising, when petal is developed to 3cm
When start adjust fertilizer ratio, increase potassium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, soluble liquid fertilizer N-P-K（10-10-20）, concentration of fertilizer
It 500 ~ 1000 times, applies within every 10 days primary.
（8）Disease control process：Prevention phytophthora and pythium spp compound infection cause root rot, using increase illumination and fit
When control moisture, 500 times of 65% fenaminosulf or 25% first frost+downy mildew wettable powder can be used in chemical control（Containing metalaxyl
15%, Propamocarb 10%）500 times or 600 ~ 1000 times of 72.2% Propamocarb drench plant root.It prevents gray mold and mainly uses and add
Forced ventilation clears up dead leaf and invalid body in time, prevents leaf from burning and induces gray mold, blade face periodically sprays 500 times of carbendazim, 65% generation
1000 times of gloomy MnZn.
Bulb frost storage 10 months, no bulb rots to occur, and root system is substantially without atrophy, withered, bulb penicilliosis hair
Raw rate is less than 3%, and cold storage of seedball plants cut-flower after 10 months, robust plant, growth potential is prosperous, and all 14 ~ 16cm of diameter bulbs go out colored rate and reach
80%, A grades of abloom rates are up to 70%.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of disinfection treatment method improving lilium oriental cultivation quality, which is characterized in that carry out as follows：
（ 1 ）Bulb sterilizes：
The lily ball of mid or late December current year harvesting, the soil of kind of ball surface is cleaned with clear water, thimerosal is used after slightly drying
It impregnates 20 ~ 30 minutes；The bulb that medicining liquid dipping is crossed is drained into raffinate in bulb case, is then placed within outfit bottom blowing type
Dehumidification treatments 4 ~ 6 days in the freezer of axial cooling air machine, storehouse temperature control 3 ~ 5 DEG C；
（ 2 ）Classification is handled：After the completion of dehumidification treatments, classification processing is carried out according to different bulb week diameter sizes, can generally be divided
For all 14 ~ 16cm of diameter, 16 ~ 18cm and 18 ~ 20cm, tri- kinds of specifications；
（ 3 ）Bulb vanning matrix is disinfected：Disinfectant is admixed in matrix peat and is carried out disinfection, disinfectant 40%
Pentachloronitrobenzene and 3% phoxim granule, dosage are respectively the .0 of 0 .5 ~ 1 kg/ms 3；
（ 4 ）Vanning is handled：It is spread in the case with the film of punching, it will（2）In the bulb handled well cased respectively, first
The film of punching is layered in bulb case, and then in peat filling case, bottom peat thickness is 2-3cm, then bulb is put into case,
Then covering peat fills up gap, finally by the film joint sealing moisturizing of punching；
（ 5 ）Cold storage of seedball：It will（4）The bulb case handled well is put into the freezer being pre-chilled in advance 14 days（Temperature of ice house control exists
0~4 DEG C）, after by the control of bulb temperature of ice house at -1 .5 DEG C ± 0 .5 DEG C, frost storage 10 months；
（ 6 ）Bulb thaws：It will（5）The bulb of frost storage is placed in FCL at 15 ~ 17 DEG C of freezer and thaws,
（ 7 ）The pre- rooting treatment of low temperature：After taking root 15 days using 12 ~ 13 DEG C of freezer is pre- in field planting to cultivation matrix;
The thimerosal includes by mass fraction：50% 600 ~ 800 times of carbendazol wettable powder liquid, 97% hymexazol 1700 ~
2000 times of liquid, 5% avermectin, 1500 ~ 2000 times of liquid, 10% 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid of special clear 500 ~ 560, the 45% meters of fresh amine of mite, 50% good fortune
U.S. double 500 ~ 600 times of liquid；The lilium oriental, the place of production are the villages Yi Na of the townshiies Zhaotong City Su Jiayuan of Yunnan Province, height above sea level
1910 meters, specific kind is ' Siberia ', is cultivated 1 year and is cultivated using the seed ball in imported from Holland week 6 ~ 10cm of diameter, is colonized
At the beginning of phase late March to 4 months, mid or late December picking time；
It is described（7）Middle cultivation matrix includes the peat in the matrix and seedbed reused, and the matrix of reuse uses steam
It sterilizes, after the peat on seedbed is using film and the covering of canvas bilayer, the steam that steam boiler occurs is led into 20cm ~ 50cm depths
Matrix in, 70 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C of substrate temperature, keep 1 ~ 1 .5h.
2. a kind of disinfection treatment method improving lilium oriental cultivation quality according to claim 1, feature exist
In the matrix of bulb vanning package, and field planting matrix is peat.
3. a kind of disinfection treatment method improving lilium oriental cultivation quality according to claim 1, feature exist
In further including facility substrate culture management process.
4. a kind of disinfection treatment method improving lilium oriental cultivation quality according to claim 1 or 3, feature
It is, further includes disease control process.
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| CN109379929A (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2019-02-26 | 辽宁省农业科学院 | Environment friendly and pollution-free lily ball sterilised formula |
| CN107926193A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-04-20 | 上海种业（集团）有限公司 | The method of lily ball long-term storage |
| CN110367125A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-10-25 | 南通大学 | The method and method for resuscitation of lily bulb preservation effect are improved with thermal stimulus |
| CN115152633A (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-10-11 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Large-size bulb tissue culture method for lily variety harboring |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4570379A (en) * | 1983-12-07 | 1986-02-18 | Oglevee Associates, Inc. | Lily processes |
| CN101653077A (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2010-02-24 | 清流县鸿翔农庄农业发展有限公司 | Method for picking tops, culturing balls, adjusting and controlling florescence of new lilium longiflorum |
| CN102742440A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-10-24 | 西北农林科技大学 | Oriental lily bulblet breeding and culture method |
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2015
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4570379A (en) * | 1983-12-07 | 1986-02-18 | Oglevee Associates, Inc. | Lily processes |
| CN101653077A (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2010-02-24 | 清流县鸿翔农庄农业发展有限公司 | Method for picking tops, culturing balls, adjusting and controlling florescence of new lilium longiflorum |
| CN102742440A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-10-24 | 西北农林科技大学 | Oriental lily bulblet breeding and culture method |
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| "延长种球冻藏时间对东方百合‘siberia’生长发育的影响";吴超 等;《中国球根花卉研究进展2011》;20111014;第76-80页 * |
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