CN105594589A - Rapid breeding method for salt and alkali rice - Google Patents
Rapid breeding method for salt and alkali rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN105594589A CN105594589A CN201610134310.1A CN201610134310A CN105594589A CN 105594589 A CN105594589 A CN 105594589A CN 201610134310 A CN201610134310 A CN 201610134310A CN 105594589 A CN105594589 A CN 105594589A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/06—Processes for producing mutations, e.g. treatment with chemicals or with radiation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid breeding method for salt and alkali rice. The method specially comprises the steps that wild seawater rice is used as a radiation induced breeding material, the breeding material is cultured through seawater, rice sprouts are radiated through the solar energy focus point in three steps, sea mud culture is performed, protogene pyramiding is performed, and the superior and stable variety fast to breed is selected. By implementing the rapid breeding method, the wild seawater rice is used as the radiation induced breeding material due to the exceptional function, and seawater and sea mud are adopted for training plants to obtain comprehensive superior plants. By the adoption of a radiation method, the percentage of seedling emergency is low, the aberration rate is high, variation produced by radiation is large, stabilizing is fast, and a stable, good and important way is provided for breeding high-quality rice seeds; meanwhile, by implementing the rapid breeding method, the novel early-maturing, medium-maturing and late-maturing rice varieties which are resistant to saline and alkaline, extensive breeding and low temperature, high in stress resistance, suitable for direct seeding and good in rice quality are cultured. A new way is opened for developing saline and alkaline land, irrigating planted rice through seawater, and obtaining employment, increasing income and seeking for profits for more people.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rice breeding new technical field, be specifically related to the quick breeding of a kind of saline and alkaline riceMethod.
Technical background
Approximately 1,500,000,000 mu of China's salt-soda soil gross areas, if can plant paddy rice, by 300 jin of calculations of per mu yield, annual energy4,500 hundred million jin of grains of harvest.
The United Nations's a report in this year shows, global provision store exists nearly 30 years constantly decline, the at present whole worldApproximately there are 800,000,000 hungry populations. If Shanghai paddy rice can be planted in salt-soda soil, 14,300,000,000 mu, the whole world, its " world's meaningJustice " by self-evident.
For the severe challenge that reply grain security faces, develop salt-soda soil, utilize seawater irrigation to plant into generationThe direction that various countries of boundary expert explores, can not find wildlife species resource but suffer from, and research is difficult to break through.
In order to study salt alkaline tolerance rice kind, just enter into rivalry in countries in the world: Egyptian by salt water lake reed and waterRice hybridization test, Philippine is by 2 different parents' salt-resistance strain cross experiment, and India will extract in mangroveThe existing rice strain of gene insertion, Japan adopts light-wave information mixture to change paddy rice performance; In state-owned speciallyFamily has carried out the test such as Value of Spartina Anglica and paddy rice cross breeding, transgenic technology cultivation
People from Zhanjiang Chen Sheng finds that after the wild seawater rice of a strain, he adheres to breeding 28 years, finally obtains for 1986Important breakthrough---Selece New Alkali-fast anb " extra large rice 86 " is ready to appear; Seawater rice is special by national paddy riceFamily regards as " a species specific Rice Germplasm Resources ".
But these study still in experimental stage, although there have been salt tolerant Aral Sea rice new varieties, not yet extensivePlantation.
Hubei Information Institute, with the problem of " utilizing seawater wild rice to tame into rice-cultivating ", retrieves domesticOuter document, result is to have no relevant report.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide the quick breeding method of brand-new a kind of saline and alkaline rice. Specifically comprise: profitMake radiaction mutation material → cultivate breeding material → utilize solar energy focus to divide with seawater with wild seawater riceThree step radiation rice sprout → ooze cultivation → protogene polymerization → selective advantage fast and stable kinds.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A quick breeding method for saline and alkaline rice, is in technical scheme to comprise the steps:
1, select original breeding material: utilize the exceptional function advantage of wild seawater rice to make radiaction mutation materialMaterial.
2, cultivate breeding material: standby 5000 moistening vernalization in left and right of wild seawater rice, are sown into seabeach mudLarge basin in keep moistening and grow seedlings, treat that seedling grows to 3 to 4 leaves, just start to pour into seawater, seawater causes seedlingSeedling is dead gradually, and 10～15 strains of finally survival are transplanted to land for growing field crops, selects the seed of advantage individual plant as radiationMutation breeding material.
3, seed radiation method: will choose 100, Salt And Alkali Tolerance seed, moistening vernalization; Standby what a circle basin diameterBeing 25～30cm, loading onto thin sand and soil, treat that plumule turns white, is one group by 10, and program request forms pyramidShape, forms whole basin by inside and outside each 4 pyramids; Arrange program request by the sequencing germinateing, first germinateGroup called after " positive ", the positive is decided to be radiation in the morning; Finally germination group called after " feminine gender ", negative group is fixedFor radiation in afternoon; Variation result is that " positive " variation fertile plant is many, and " feminine gender " variation is that sterile strain is many; TreatBud paddy grows to 2～5cm, utilizes the base portion of solar energy focus radiation rice sprout, is undertaken, first gently with one by three stepsThe large focus of broad bean is irradiated 30 seconds, and middle heavyly irradiate 30 seconds with a large focus of watermelon seeds is rear suddenly with oneThe focus radiation that soya bean is large, occurs that the phenomenon slightly steaming stops; Two ore deposits of instiling immediately after each photographSpring, guarantees that bud paddy is moistening.
4, ooze is cultivated: treat that young plant grows to 5～6 leaves, be transplanted in the large basin that installs seawater mud soda acidConcentration is between 7.5～9.
5, protogene polymerization: radioinduction offspring, can go out variant, therefrom screen advantage individual plant and returnHand over, there is comprehensive advantage strain in offspring, its seed is accepted and stayed offspring to utilize.
6, selective advantage fast and stable kind: by moistening the seed of comprehensive advantage strain vernalization, treat bud grow to 2～6cm carries out the processing of advantage Rapid radiating stabilization method, and the advantage of therefrom choosing is stablized strain, continues to plant experimentally observation, onceStable obtain new varieties.
7, the breeding method of sterile line: the sterile strain of discovery advantage, shell tiller plant division, enter by two kinds of modes simultaneouslyRow test; The one, from variation colony, find fertile plant, shape and sterile strain approach, and survey guarantor, onceCan protect that to be hopeful to select three be sterile line; The 2nd, sterile strain is through the short-day of high temperature long-day and thermophilicThe changing factor of weather, cause sterile strain to occur educating, judgement has two genes that are, just addsFor seed selection.
The present invention both had the following advantages:
1, the quick breeding method of saline and alkaline rice proposed by the invention is novel, measure uniqueness, method is simple,Easily implement.
2, by implementing the present invention, utilize the exceptional function advantage of wild seawater rice to make radiaction mutation material,Adopt seawater, ooze to tame and obtain comprehensive advantage strain plant.
3, by implementing the present invention, adopt radiation method, planting percent is low, and aberration rate is higher, and radiation produces variationLarge and stable fast, provide stable, good important channel for cultivating good rice paddy seed.
4, by implementing the present invention, cultivate to there is Salt And Alkali Tolerance, resistance to extensive, low temperature resistant, strong stress resistance, suitableClose live, meter Zhi Hao, and have early, in, ripe new rice variety late.
5, by implementing the present invention, for developing salt-soda soil, utilizing seawater irrigation rice cultivation, utilize salt-soda soilFor more people obtain employment, increase income, seek profit, open up a new way.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, method of the present invention is further illustrated.
A quick breeding method for saline and alkaline rice, detailed description of the invention is as follows:
1, select original breeding material: utilize the exceptional function advantage of wild seawater rice to make radiaction mutation materialMaterial.
2, cultivate breeding material: standby 5000 moistening vernalization in left and right of wild seawater rice, are sown into seabeach mudLarge basin in keep moistening and grow seedlings, treat that seedling grows to 3 to 4 leaves, just start to pour into seawater, seawater causes seedlingSeedling is dead gradually, and 10～15 strains of finally survival are transplanted to land for growing field crops, selects the seed of advantage individual plant as radiationMutation breeding material.
3, seed radiation method: will choose 100, Salt And Alkali Tolerance seed, moistening vernalization; Standby what a circle basin diameterBeing 25～30cm, loading onto thin sand and soil, treat that plumule turns white, is one group by 10, and program request forms pyramidShape, forms whole basin by inside and outside each 4 pyramids; Arrange program request by the sequencing germinateing, first germinateGroup called after " positive ", the positive is decided to be radiation in the morning; Finally germination group called after " feminine gender ", negative group is fixedFor radiation in afternoon; Variation result is that " positive " variation fertile plant is many, and " feminine gender " variation is that sterile strain is many; TreatBud paddy grows to 2～5cm, utilizes the base portion of solar energy focus radiation rice sprout, is undertaken, first gently with one by three stepsThe large focus of broad bean is irradiated 30 seconds, and middle heavyly irradiate 30 seconds with a large focus of watermelon seeds is rear suddenly with oneThe focus radiation that soya bean is large, occurs that the phenomenon slightly steaming stops; Two ore deposits of instiling immediately after each photographSpring, guarantees that bud paddy is moistening.
4, ooze is cultivated: treat that young plant grows to 5～6 leaves, be transplanted in the large basin that installs seawater mud soda acidConcentration is between 7.5～9.
5, protogene polymerization: radioinduction offspring, can go out variant, therefrom screen advantage individual plant and returnHand over, there is comprehensive advantage strain in offspring, its seed is accepted and stayed offspring to utilize.
6, selective advantage fast and stable kind: by moistening the seed of comprehensive advantage strain vernalization, treat bud grow to 2～6cm carries out the processing of advantage Rapid radiating stabilization method, and the advantage of therefrom choosing is stablized strain, continues to plant experimentally observation, onceStable obtain new varieties.
7, the breeding method of sterile line: the sterile strain of discovery advantage, shell tiller plant division, enter by two kinds of modes simultaneouslyRow test; The one, from variation colony, find fertile plant, shape and sterile strain approach, and survey guarantor, onceCan protect that to be hopeful to select three be sterile line; The 2nd, sterile strain is through the short-day of high temperature long-day and thermophilicThe changing factor of weather, cause sterile strain to occur educating, judgement has two genes that are, just addsFor seed selection.
Claims (1)
1. a quick breeding method for saline and alkaline rice, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) select original breeding material: utilize the exceptional function advantage of wild seawater rice to make radiaction mutationMaterial;
(2) cultivate breeding material: standby 5000 moistening vernalization in left and right of wild seawater rice, are sown into seabeachIn the large basin of mud, keep moistening and grow seedlings, treat that seedling grows to 3 to 4 leaves, just start to pour into seawater, seawater causesRice shoot is dead gradually, and 10～15 strains of finally survival are transplanted to land for growing field crops, selects the seed of advantage individual plant as spokePenetrate mutation breeding material;
(3) seed radiation method: will choose 100, Salt And Alkali Tolerance seed, moistening vernalization; Standby what a circle basin is straightFootpath is 25～30cm, loads onto thin sand and soil, treats that plumule turns white, and is one group by 10, and program request forms pyramidShape, forms whole basin by inside and outside each 4 pyramids; Arrange program request by the sequencing germinateing, first germinateGroup called after " positive ", the positive is decided to be radiation in the morning; Finally germination group called after " feminine gender ", negative groupBe decided to be radiation in afternoon; Variation result is that " positive " variation fertile plant is many, and " feminine gender " variation is that sterile strain is many;Treat that bud paddy grows to 2～5cm, utilize the base portion of solar energy focus radiation rice sprout, undertaken by three steps, first gently with oneThe focus that broad bean is large is irradiated 30 seconds, and middle heavyly irradiate 30 seconds with a large focus of watermelon seeds is rear suddenly with oneThe large focus radiation of grain soya bean, occurs that the phenomenon slightly steaming stops; After each photograph, instil immediately twoMineral water, guarantees that bud paddy is moistening;
(4) ooze is cultivated: treat that young plant grows to 5～6 leaves, be transplanted in the large basin that installs seawater mud acidAlkali concn is between 7.5～9;
(5) protogene polymerization: radioinduction offspring, can go out variant, therefrom screen advantage individual plant and carry outBackcrossing, there is comprehensive advantage strain in offspring, and its seed is accepted and stayed offspring to utilize;
(6) selective advantage fast and stable kind: by moistening the seed of comprehensive advantage strain vernalization, treat that bud grows to2～6cm carries out the processing of advantage Rapid radiating stabilization method, and the advantage of therefrom choosing is stablized strain, continues to plant experimentally observation,Once stable, obtain new varieties;
(7) breeding method of sterile line: the sterile strain of discovery advantage, shell tiller plant division, by two kinds of modes simultaneouslyTest; The one, from variation colony, find fertile plant, shape and sterile strain approach, and survey guarantor, oneCan protect that to be hopeful to select three be sterile line the dawn; The 2nd, sterile strain was through short day of high temperature long-day and thermophilicAccording to the changing factor of weather, cause sterile strain to occur educating, judgement has two genes that are, just carries outAdditive selection.
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| CN201610134310.1A CN105594589A (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2016-03-10 | Rapid breeding method for salt and alkali rice |
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| CN201610134310.1A CN105594589A (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2016-03-10 | Rapid breeding method for salt and alkali rice |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106852277A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-06-16 | 陵水重学辐射育种研究所 | A kind of novel method for cultivating of saline and alkaline rice sterile line |
| CN106900542A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-30 | 陵水重学辐射育种研究所 | A kind of method that utilization wild rice cultivates saline and alkaline rice |
| CN108770678A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-11-09 | 陈日胜 | A kind of crossbreeding selection of sea rice and Restoring Line of Japonica Rice |
Citations (5)
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| CN102349441A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-02-15 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Method for breeding coastline salt-resistant paddy |
| CN103125376A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-06-05 | 周安岳 | Method for mutating mutant strain by radiating base part of rice sprout by utilizing focus of solar energy |
| CN103141377A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-06-12 | 周安岳 | Light-sensation two-line cultivation method |
| CN103141375A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-06-12 | 周安岳 | Breeding method with high outcrossing rate |
| CN103828704A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-06-04 | 田阳恒星农业科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating fine breed of hybrid rice by utilizing wild rice |
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2016
- 2016-03-10 CN CN201610134310.1A patent/CN105594589A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102349441A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-02-15 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Method for breeding coastline salt-resistant paddy |
| CN103828704A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-06-04 | 田阳恒星农业科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating fine breed of hybrid rice by utilizing wild rice |
| CN103125376A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-06-05 | 周安岳 | Method for mutating mutant strain by radiating base part of rice sprout by utilizing focus of solar energy |
| CN103141377A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-06-12 | 周安岳 | Light-sensation two-line cultivation method |
| CN103141375A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-06-12 | 周安岳 | Breeding method with high outcrossing rate |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 姚建秋等: "水稻聚焦太阳能辐射诱变育种技术", 《广东农业科学》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106852277A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-06-16 | 陵水重学辐射育种研究所 | A kind of novel method for cultivating of saline and alkaline rice sterile line |
| CN106900542A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-30 | 陵水重学辐射育种研究所 | A kind of method that utilization wild rice cultivates saline and alkaline rice |
| CN108770678A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-11-09 | 陈日胜 | A kind of crossbreeding selection of sea rice and Restoring Line of Japonica Rice |
| CN108770678B (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2021-07-16 | 陈日胜 | Cross breeding and breeding method of sea rice and japonica rice restorer |
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