CN105593230A - 组织蛋白酶半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 - Google Patents
组织蛋白酶半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105593230A CN105593230A CN201480055695.1A CN201480055695A CN105593230A CN 105593230 A CN105593230 A CN 105593230A CN 201480055695 A CN201480055695 A CN 201480055695A CN 105593230 A CN105593230 A CN 105593230A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- phenyl
- oxazole
- cyano group
- morpholino
- sulfur dioxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 102000005600 Cathepsins Human genes 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 108010084457 Cathepsins Proteins 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000002852 cysteine proteinase inhibitor Substances 0.000 title abstract description 3
- -1 but not limited to Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 239
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 170
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 208000001132 Osteoporosis Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- AIPVTTKYSPOWFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azepane-1-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CN1CCCCCC1 AIPVTTKYSPOWFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 153
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur dioxide Inorganic materials O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 126
- 125000004573 morpholin-4-yl group Chemical group N1(CCOCC1)* 0.000 claims description 120
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 87
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 77
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229940122361 Bisphosphonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000004663 bisphosphonates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical group N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940121710 HMGCoA reductase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002471 hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229940046008 vitamin d Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 206010061289 metastatic neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 201000008482 osteoarthritis Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 208000020084 Bone disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001394 metastastic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002769 thiazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 208000006545 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930003316 Vitamin D Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N formamide Substances NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000041 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940021182 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011710 vitamin D Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019166 vitamin D Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003710 vitamin D derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000010191 Osteitis Deformans Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010031243 Osteogenesis imperfecta Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000027067 Paget disease of bone Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000016738 bone Paget disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003862 glucocorticoid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 claims description 7
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000010266 Aggressive Periodontitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 102000000589 Interleukin-1 Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010002352 Interleukin-1 Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000008589 Obesity Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010080146 androgen receptors Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003143 atherosclerotic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 201000006727 periodontosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940121819 ATPase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940124638 COX inhibitor Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000362 adenosine triphosphatase inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940095743 selective estrogen receptor modulator Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000333 selective estrogen receptor modulator Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005913 (C3-C6) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000010412 Glaucoma Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000003777 Interleukin-1 beta Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090000193 Interleukin-1 beta Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000171 (C1-C6) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000002449 bone cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims 3
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 102000001307 androgen receptors Human genes 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims 2
- XBXCNNQPRYLIDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylcarbamic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC(O)=O XBXCNNQPRYLIDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- BRNULMACUQOKMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiomorpholine Chemical compound C1CSCCN1 BRNULMACUQOKMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LOGFVTREOLYCPF-KXNHARMFSA-N (2s,3r)-2-[[(2r)-1-[(2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoic acid Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCN LOGFVTREOLYCPF-KXNHARMFSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003349 3-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 230000030991 negative regulation of bone resorption Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 78
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 70
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 69
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 60
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 33
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 29
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 27
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 26
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 26
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 102100024940 Cathepsin K Human genes 0.000 description 21
- 108090000625 Cathepsin K Proteins 0.000 description 20
- NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1 NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 19
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 19
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 16
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 16
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- ZQWPRMPSCMSAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl cyclohexanecarboxylate Chemical class COC(=O)C1CCCCC1 ZQWPRMPSCMSAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 15
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229960004343 alendronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 14
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 14
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 13
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 13
- OGSPWJRAVKPPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alendronic Acid Chemical compound NCCCC(O)(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O OGSPWJRAVKPPFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 description 12
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Substances C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 210000002997 osteoclast Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl chloride Substances ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- VZFUCHSFHOYXIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloheptane carboxylic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1CCCCCC1 VZFUCHSFHOYXIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 102000003982 Parathyroid hormone Human genes 0.000 description 9
- 108090000445 Parathyroid hormone Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 9
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000199 parathyroid hormone Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic acid Substances OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 8
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 8
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 7
- JRNVZBWKYDBUCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-chlorosuccinimide Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)CCC1=O JRNVZBWKYDBUCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229960001760 dimethyl sulfoxide Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- AICOOMRHRUFYCM-ZRRPKQBOSA-N oxazine, 1 Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@H](C(C[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)N(C)C)[C@H](O)C[C@]21C)=O)CC1=CC2)C[C@H]1[C@@]1(C)[C@H]2N=C(C(C)C)OC1 AICOOMRHRUFYCM-ZRRPKQBOSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 description 7
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 108010067770 Endopeptidase K Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 229910019213 POCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- CSJLBAMHHLJAAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylaminosulfur trifluoride Chemical compound CCN(CC)S(F)(F)F CSJLBAMHHLJAAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 108010044426 integrins Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102000006495 integrins Human genes 0.000 description 6
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- PQMOXTJVIYEOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cumarin Natural products CC(C)=CCC1=C(O)C(C(=O)C(C)CC)=C(O)C2=C1OC(=O)C=C2CCC PQMOXTJVIYEOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007821 HATU Substances 0.000 description 5
- FSOGIJPGPZWNGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Meomammein Natural products CCC(C)C(=O)C1=C(O)C(CC=C(C)C)=C(O)C2=C1OC(=O)C=C2CCC FSOGIJPGPZWNGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001204 N-oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000003263 anabolic agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940124325 anabolic agent Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N coumarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=C1 ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IZRBAWXNLPBYKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane dioctyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C(C=1C(C(=O)OCCCCCCCC)=CC=CC1)(=O)OCCCCCCCC.C1CCCCC1 IZRBAWXNLPBYKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 5
- OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-[2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]acetate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(OC(C)=O)C=1CN(CC(=O)OC)CCN(CC(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000019419 proteases Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000013207 serial dilution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000005065 subchondral bone plate Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 102100032187 Androgen receptor Human genes 0.000 description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 108090000712 Cathepsin B Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102000004225 Cathepsin B Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 229940122156 Cathepsin K inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 4
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N arachidonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 210000001188 articular cartilage Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010241 blood sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000000262 estrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid Substances OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 4
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004007 reversed phase HPLC Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-HGQWONQESA-N simvastatin Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H](C)C=CC2=C[C@H](C)C[C@@H]([C@H]12)OC(=O)C(C)(C)CC)C[C@@H]1C[C@@H](O)CC(=O)O1 RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-HGQWONQESA-N 0.000 description 4
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000001258 synovial membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000011647 vitamin D3 Substances 0.000 description 4
- JWUBBDSIWDLEOM-XHQRYOPUSA-N (3e)-3-[(2e)-2-[1-(6-hydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-7a-methyl-2,3,3a,5,6,7-hexahydro-1h-inden-4-ylidene]ethylidene]-4-methylidenecyclohexan-1-ol Chemical compound C1CCC2(C)C(C(CCCC(C)(C)O)C)CCC2\C1=C\C=C1/CC(O)CCC1=C JWUBBDSIWDLEOM-XHQRYOPUSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N (D)-(+)-Pantothenic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GMRQFYUYWCNGIN-ZVUFCXRFSA-N 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1([C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@@H](CCCC(C)(C)O)C)=CC=C1C[C@@H](O)C[C@H](O)C1=C GMRQFYUYWCNGIN-ZVUFCXRFSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VBYJOUAMJITBNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloro-2-fluorobenzoyl chloride Chemical compound FC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1C(Cl)=O VBYJOUAMJITBNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108090000610 Cathepsin F Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000004176 Cathepsin F Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000613 Cathepsin S Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102100035654 Cathepsin S Human genes 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010033040 Histones Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000004286 Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000895 Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Monacolin X Natural products C12C(OC(=O)C(C)CC)CC(C)C=C2C=CC(C)C1CCC1CC(O)CC(=O)O1 PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazole Chemical compound C1=COC=N1 ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108090000526 Papain Proteins 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N SJ000286063 Natural products C12C(OC(=O)C(C)(C)CC)CC(C)C=C2C=CC(C)C1CCC1CC(O)CC(=O)O1 RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229960002286 clodronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- XQRLCLUYWUNEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-L diphosphonate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)OP([O-])=O XQRLCLUYWUNEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940011871 estrogen Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 3
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000000640 hydroxylating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229950006971 incadronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-BXMDZJJMSA-N lovastatin Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H](C)C=CC2=C[C@H](C)C[C@@H]([C@H]12)OC(=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C[C@@H]1C[C@@H](O)CC(=O)O1 PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-BXMDZJJMSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000020816 lung neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(2+) Chemical compound [Pd+2] MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019834 papain Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940055729 papain Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229960002855 simvastatin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 3
- FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC FPGGTKZVZWFYPV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZGGHKIMDNBDHJB-NRFPMOEYSA-M (3R,5S)-fluvastatin sodium Chemical compound [Na+].C12=CC=CC=C2N(C(C)C)C(\C=C\[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC([O-])=O)=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 ZGGHKIMDNBDHJB-NRFPMOEYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NDOVLWQBFFJETK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-thiazinane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCNCC1 NDOVLWQBFFJETK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HVBSAKJJOYLTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 HVBSAKJJOYLTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 206010002198 Anaphylactic reaction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspirin Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000037260 Atherosclerotic Plaque Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000023275 Autoimmune disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000023328 Basedow disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 206010065687 Bone loss Diseases 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021318 Calcifediol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 108090000624 Cathepsin L Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004172 Cathepsin L Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000002734 Collagen Type VI Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010043741 Collagen Type VI Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000018832 Cytochromes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010052832 Cytochromes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N Deuterated methanol Chemical compound [2H]OC([2H])([2H])[2H] OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102100029951 Estrogen receptor beta Human genes 0.000 description 2
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000015023 Graves' disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010018873 Haemoconcentration Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 2
- 101001010910 Homo sapiens Estrogen receptor beta Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229940123038 Integrin antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001597008 Nomeidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000001164 Osteoporotic Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102000004316 Oxidoreductases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000854 Oxidoreductases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 201000011152 Pemphigus Diseases 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000604 Polyethylene Glycol 200 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 102100038280 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108050003267 Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N Protium Chemical compound [1H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000720974 Protium Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000238370 Sepia Species 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NKANXQFJJICGDU-QPLCGJKRSA-N Tamoxifen Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=CC(OCCN(C)C)=CC=1)/C1=CC=CC=C1 NKANXQFJJICGDU-QPLCGJKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DKJJVAGXPKPDRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tiludronic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C(P(O)(O)=O)SC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 DKJJVAGXPKPDRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010067584 Type 1 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000209149 Zea Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000000683 abdominal cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229960001138 acetylsalicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000577 adipose tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229940062527 alendronate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036783 anaphylactic response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000003455 anaphylaxis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940114079 arachidonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000021342 arachidonic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 206010003246 arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011612 calcitriol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004094 calcium homeostasis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000000845 cartilage Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229960005110 cerivastatin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SEERZIQQUAZTOL-ANMDKAQQSA-N cerivastatin Chemical compound COCC1=C(C(C)C)N=C(C(C)C)C(\C=C\[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O)=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 SEERZIQQUAZTOL-ANMDKAQQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ACSIXWWBWUQEHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N clodronic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)P(O)(O)=O ACSIXWWBWUQEHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940111134 coxibs Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003255 cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- NXQGGXCHGDYOHB-UHFFFAOYSA-L cyclopenta-1,4-dien-1-yl(diphenyl)phosphane;dichloropalladium;iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe+2].Cl[Pd]Cl.[CH-]1C=CC(P(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1.[CH-]1C=CC(P(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 NXQGGXCHGDYOHB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007884 disintegrant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCS(O)(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000669 heparin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 210000003494 hepatocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000028993 immune response Effects 0.000 description 2
- LWRDQHOZTAOILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N incadronic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C(P(O)(O)=O)NC1CCCCCC1 LWRDQHOZTAOILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003453 indazolyl group Chemical class N1N=C(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003387 indolinyl group Chemical group N1(CCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- CGIGDMFJXJATDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indomethacin Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(O)=O)C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2N1C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 CGIGDMFJXJATDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N isethionic acid Chemical compound OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000000155 isotopic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CFHGBZLNZZVTAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lawesson's reagent Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1P1(=S)SP(=S)(C=2C=CC(OC)=CC=2)S1 CFHGBZLNZZVTAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002502 liposome Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960004844 lovastatin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QLJODMDSTUBWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lovastatin hydroxy acid Natural products C1=CC(C)C(CCC(O)CC(O)CC(O)=O)C2C(OC(=O)C(C)CC)CC(C)C=C21 QLJODMDSTUBWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229950011129 minodronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002969 morbid Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010028417 myasthenia gravis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229950010733 neridronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000006574 non-aromatic ring group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(Cl)=O CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229960003978 pamidronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011713 pantothenic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019161 pantothenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 201000001976 pemphigus vulgaris Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005936 piperidyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- TUZYXOIXSAXUGO-PZAWKZKUSA-N pravastatin Chemical compound C1=C[C@H](C)[C@H](CC[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O)[C@H]2[C@@H](OC(=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C[C@H](O)C=C21 TUZYXOIXSAXUGO-PZAWKZKUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002953 preparative HPLC Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960000759 risedronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N serotonin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=C2C(CCN)=CNC2=C1 QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- VMNDCBPWBMKDBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N silinane Chemical group C1CC[SiH2]CC1 VMNDCBPWBMKDBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- NOHIIJZANZJPGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N spiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1CC(C(=O)O)CCC11CCCC1 NOHIIJZANZJPGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960005137 succinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000004808 supercritical fluid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960001367 tartaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229950002757 teoclate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229960005324 tiludronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 2
- 229910000404 tripotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LNPDTQAFDNKSHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N valdecoxib Chemical compound CC=1ON=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=1C1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 LNPDTQAFDNKSHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011653 vitamin D2 Substances 0.000 description 2
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UGOMMVLRQDMAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xphos Chemical group CC(C)C1=CC(C(C)C)=CC(C(C)C)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 UGOMMVLRQDMAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc bromide Chemical compound Br[Zn]Br VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XRASPMIURGNCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zoledronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(P(O)(O)=O)(O)CN1C=CN=C1 XRASPMIURGNCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N (2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1.O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1 QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNRMZXDHMCWWRV-RHBZDGMUSA-N (2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-aminopropanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(O)=O)[C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)N)C(C)C)[C@@H](C)CC)[C@@H](C)CC)[C@@H](C)CC)C1=CN=CN1 NNRMZXDHMCWWRV-RHBZDGMUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBSLWIKITOYASJ-AZEWMMITSA-N (2r,3s,4s,5r,6s)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(methylamino)oxane-2,4,5-triol Chemical compound CN[C@@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O OBSLWIKITOYASJ-AZEWMMITSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RDJGLLICXDHJDY-NSHDSACASA-N (2s)-2-(3-phenoxyphenyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](C)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 RDJGLLICXDHJDY-NSHDSACASA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHALQLNIDMSKHU-REOHCLBHSA-N (2s)-2-(fluoroamino)propanoic acid Chemical compound FN[C@@H](C)C(O)=O DHALQLNIDMSKHU-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CABVTRNMFUVUDM-VRHQGPGLSA-N (3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCSC(=O)C[C@@](O)(CC(O)=O)C)O[C@H]1N1C2=NC=NC(N)=C2N=C1 CABVTRNMFUVUDM-VRHQGPGLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006645 (C3-C4) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LKJPYSCBVHEWIU-KRWDZBQOSA-N (R)-bicalutamide Chemical compound C([C@@](O)(C)C(=O)NC=1C=C(C(C#N)=CC=1)C(F)(F)F)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LKJPYSCBVHEWIU-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N (S)-camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWYVPFMHMJIBHE-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-2-hydroxybut-2-enedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C(\O)C(O)=O UWYVPFMHMJIBHE-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODIGIKRIUKFKHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (n-propan-2-yloxycarbonylanilino) acetate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)N(OC(C)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODIGIKRIUKFKHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FTNJQNQLEGKTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzodioxole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OCOC2=C1 FTNJQNQLEGKTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOMTVKMKHZMFMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-thiazinane 1,1-dioxide;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.O=S1(=O)CCNCC1 UOMTVKMKHZMFMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMLKTERJLVWEJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-naphthyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC2=CC=CN=C21 VMLKTERJLVWEJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOXZDWNPVJITMN-ZBRFXRBCSA-N 17β-estradiol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@H](CC4)O)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 VOXZDWNPVJITMN-ZBRFXRBCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-pyrrole Natural products C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOHPVZBSOKLVMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylethyl)benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 IOHPVZBSOKLVMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJJOZVFVARQUJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CP(O)(O)=O JJJOZVFVARQUJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-PPJXEINESA-N 2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-PPJXEINESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- KHEVPDFAQFJIGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-sulfooxyethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCOS(O)(=O)=O KHEVPDFAQFJIGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALKYHXVLJMQRLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-carboxynaphthalen-2-olate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C(C([O-])=O)C(O)=CC2=C1 ALKYHXVLJMQRLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MJOUJKDTBGXKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-difluoropiperidine Chemical class FC1(F)CCNCC1 MJOUJKDTBGXKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TYNLGDBUJLVSMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-diacetyloxy-9,10-dioxo-2-anthracenecarboxylic acid Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(OC(C)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2OC(=O)C TYNLGDBUJLVSMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEQPBCSPRXFQQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazole Chemical compound C1CC=NO1 WEQPBCSPRXFQQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006281 4-bromobenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1Br)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940113178 5 Alpha reductase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QCVGEOXPDFCNHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-oxazolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound CC1(C)OC(=O)N(C(N)=O)C1=O QCVGEOXPDFCNHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002677 5-alpha reductase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000000230 African Trypanosomiasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010001935 American trypanosomiasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101710095339 Apolipoprotein E Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100029470 Apolipoprotein E Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000013918 Apolipoproteins E Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010025628 Apolipoproteins E Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010003210 Arteriosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000238421 Arthropoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 1
- XUKUURHRXDUEBC-KAYWLYCHSA-N Atorvastatin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1=C(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)N(CC[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O)C(C(C)C)=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 XUKUURHRXDUEBC-KAYWLYCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUKUURHRXDUEBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atorvastatin Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1C1=C(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)N(CCC(O)CC(O)CC(O)=O)C(C(C)C)=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 XUKUURHRXDUEBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-DCSYEGIMSA-N Beta-Lactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-DCSYEGIMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000006386 Bone Resorption Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010006187 Breast cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000026310 Breast neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FVYSAYTZRVUOQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)O.C(C=C)(=O)NC Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)O.C(C=C)(=O)NC FVYSAYTZRVUOQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUWBMXNMKRWSEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(CCCCC1)P(C1=C(C=CC=C1)C1=C(C=C(C=C1C(C)C)C(C)C)C(C)C)C1CCCCC1.[Cl] Chemical compound C1(CCCCC1)P(C1=C(C=CC=C1)C1=C(C=C(C=C1C(C)C)C(C)C)C(C)C)C1CCCCC1.[Cl] VUWBMXNMKRWSEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003601 C2-C6 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QLYHVLWJJRLFJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCC(CCCCC)(CC)P(O)(O)=O.OCC Chemical compound CCC(CCCCC)(CC)P(O)(O)=O.OCC QLYHVLWJJRLFJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGLMVXWAHNTPRF-CMDGGOBGSA-N CCN1N=C(C)C=C1C(=O)NC1=NC2=CC(=CC(OC)=C2N1C\C=C\CN1C(NC(=O)C2=CC(C)=NN2CC)=NC2=CC(=CC(OCCCN3CCOCC3)=C12)C(N)=O)C(N)=O Chemical compound CCN1N=C(C)C=C1C(=O)NC1=NC2=CC(=CC(OC)=C2N1C\C=C\CN1C(NC(=O)C2=CC(C)=NN2CC)=NC2=CC(=CC(OCCCN3CCOCC3)=C12)C(N)=O)C(N)=O JGLMVXWAHNTPRF-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRFJWPOCLLCWQV-HZPDHXFCSA-N COC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCC[C@H]1c1sc(nc1-c1ccc(Br)cc1)C(C)(C)C Chemical class COC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCC[C@H]1c1sc(nc1-c1ccc(Br)cc1)C(C)(C)C GRFJWPOCLLCWQV-HZPDHXFCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000003902 Cathepsin C Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000267 Cathepsin C Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108090000619 Cathepsin H Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004175 Cathepsin H Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100026540 Cathepsin L2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710177066 Cathepsin O Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010061112 Cathepsin W Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000011933 Cathepsin W Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010061117 Cathepsin Z Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000011937 Cathepsin Z Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 206010008190 Cerebrovascular accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chick antidermatitis factor Natural products OCC(C)(C)C(O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007445 Chromatographic isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- HZZVJAQRINQKSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Clavulanic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1C(=CCO)OC2CC(=O)N21 HZZVJAQRINQKSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000005927 Cysteine Proteases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010005843 Cysteine Proteases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUDQDWGNQVEFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydropyran Chemical compound C1COC=CC1 BUDQDWGNQVEFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical class [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQZFYGIXNQKOAV-OCEACIFDSA-N Droloxifene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(OCCN(C)C)C=C1 ZQZFYGIXNQKOAV-OCEACIFDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKQLYSROISKDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N EEDQ Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C(=O)OCC)C(OCC)C=CC2=C1 GKQLYSROISKDLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etidronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(O)(C)P(O)(O)=O DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010037362 Extracellular Matrix Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000010834 Extracellular Matrix Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- VWUXBMIQPBEWFH-WCCTWKNTSA-N Fulvestrant Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@H](CC4)O)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3[C@H](CCCCCCCCCS(=O)CCCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F)CC2=C1 VWUXBMIQPBEWFH-WCCTWKNTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005526 G1 to G0 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000033694 Generalised erythema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000030836 Hashimoto thyroiditis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020100 Hip fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101000983577 Homo sapiens Cathepsin L2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000620009 Homo sapiens Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- MPBVHIBUJCELCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ibandronate Chemical compound CCCCCN(C)CCC(O)(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O MPBVHIBUJCELCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HEFNNWSXXWATRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ibuprofen Chemical compound CC(C)CC1=CC=C(C(C)C(O)=O)C=C1 HEFNNWSXXWATRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJKOTMDDZAJTGQ-DQSJHHFOSA-N Idoxifene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=CC(OCCN2CCCC2)=CC=1)/C1=CC=C(I)C=C1 JJKOTMDDZAJTGQ-DQSJHHFOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010030465 Integrin alpha6beta1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010030506 Integrin alpha6beta4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000000588 Interleukin-2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010002350 Interleukin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000012659 Joint disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- AHLPHDHHMVZTML-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-Ornithine Chemical compound NCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O AHLPHDHHMVZTML-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P L-argininium(2+) Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C(O)=O ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lactate Chemical compound CC(O)C([O-])=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000004554 Leishmaniasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- SBDNJUWAMKYJOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Meclofenamic Acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(Cl)C(NC=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)=C1Cl SBDNJUWAMKYJOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRVUJXDFFKFLMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Meloxicam Chemical compound OC=1C2=CC=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)N(C)C=1C(=O)NC1=NC=C(C)S1 ZRVUJXDFFKFLMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010027476 Metastases Diseases 0.000 description 1
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010074633 Mixed Function Oxygenases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000008109 Mixed Function Oxygenases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BLXXJMDCKKHMKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nabumetone Chemical compound C1=C(CCC(C)=O)C=CC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 BLXXJMDCKKHMKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMWTZPSULFXXJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naproxen Natural products C1=C(C(C)C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 CMWTZPSULFXXJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091034117 Oligonucleotide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orn-delta-NH2 Natural products NCCCC(N)C(O)=O AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTJLXEIPEHZYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ornithine Natural products OC(=O)C(C)CCCN UTJLXEIPEHZYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000906034 Orthops Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000034530 PLAA-associated neurodevelopmental disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 108010067372 Pancreatic elastase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000016387 Pancreatic elastase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 206010033645 Pancreatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010033647 Pancreatitis acute Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000030852 Parasitic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108700020797 Parathyroid Hormone-Related Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000043299 Parathyroid hormone-related Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229910002666 PdCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000242594 Platyhelminthes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233872 Pneumocystis carinii Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002730 Poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000954 Polyglycolide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102100022364 Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102100032709 Potassium-transporting ATPase alpha chain 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- TUZYXOIXSAXUGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pravastatin Natural products C1=CC(C)C(CCC(O)CC(O)CC(O)=O)C2C(OC(=O)C(C)CC)CC(O)C=C21 TUZYXOIXSAXUGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010060862 Prostate cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000000236 Prostatic Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010083204 Proton Pumps Proteins 0.000 description 1
- IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N R-2-phenyl-2-hydroxyacetic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IIDJRNMFWXDHID-UHFFFAOYSA-N Risedronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(P(O)(O)=O)(O)CC1=CC=CN=C1 IIDJRNMFWXDHID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000006011 Stroke Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001744 T-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920002253 Tannate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000005448 Trichomonas Infections Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010044620 Trichomoniasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000223105 Trypanosoma brucei Species 0.000 description 1
- UGEPSJNLORCRBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(dimethylamino)-1-hydroxy-1-phosphonopropyl]phosphonic acid Chemical compound CN(C)CCC(O)(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O UGEPSJNLORCRBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-hydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl [5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] hydrogen phosphate Polymers Cc1cn(C2CC(OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)C(COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3CO)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)O2)c(=O)[nH]c1=O JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000853 abiraterone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001785 acacia senegal l. willd gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004062 acenaphthenyl group Chemical group C1(CC2=CC=CC3=CC=CC1=C23)* 0.000 description 1
- OMZAMQFQZMUNTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;1-[[4-[2-(azepan-1-yl)ethoxy]phenyl]methyl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methylindol-5-ol Chemical compound CC(O)=O.C=1C=C(OCCN2CCCCCC2)C=CC=1CN1C2=CC=C(O)C=C2C(C)=C1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OMZAMQFQZMUNTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRTNIYVUDIHXPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.NCCN FRTNIYVUDIHXPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000003229 acute pancreatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000005073 adamantyl group Chemical group C12(CC3CC(CC(C1)C3)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 108010013985 adhesion receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000019997 adhesion receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- OFHCOWSQAMBJIW-AVJTYSNKSA-N alfacalcidol Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)C[C@H](O)C1=C OFHCOWSQAMBJIW-AVJTYSNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000013 aluminium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000329 aluminium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CKMXBZGNNVIXHC-UHFFFAOYSA-L ammonium magnesium phosphate hexahydrate Chemical compound [NH4+].O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O CKMXBZGNNVIXHC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920000469 amphiphilic block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003098 androgen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001772 anti-angiogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002260 anti-inflammatory agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940121363 anti-inflammatory agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000692 anti-sense effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003121 arginine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MCGDSOGUHLTADD-UHFFFAOYSA-N arzoxifene Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C1=C(OC=2C=CC(OCCN3CCCCC3)=CC=2)C2=CC=C(O)C=C2S1 MCGDSOGUHLTADD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005370 atorvastatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FQCKMBLVYCEXJB-MNSAWQCASA-L atorvastatin calcium Chemical compound [Ca+2].C=1C=CC=CC=1C1=C(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)N(CC[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC([O-])=O)C(C(C)C)=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1C1=C(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)N(CC[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC([O-])=O)C(C(C)C)=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 FQCKMBLVYCEXJB-MNSAWQCASA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960000817 bazedoxifene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UPABQMWFWCMOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benethamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CNCCC1=CC=CC=C1 UPABQMWFWCMOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUHORIMYRDESRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzathine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CNCCNCC1=CC=CC=C1 JUHORIMYRDESRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WURBFLDFSFBTLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzil Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WURBFLDFSFBTLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical group N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HCAUQPZEWLULFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[f]quinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=N1 HCAUQPZEWLULFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004601 benzofurazanyl group Chemical group N1=C2C(=NO1)C(=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001164 benzothiazolyl group Chemical group S1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004541 benzoxazolyl group Chemical group O1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC1=CC=CC=C1 AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VCOVUYXJMHMVNV-FMYROPPKSA-N benzyl n-[(2s)-1-[[(2s)-1-[[(2s)-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-[(4-methyl-2-oxochromen-7-yl)amino]-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]carbamate Chemical compound N([C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NC=1C=C2OC(=O)C=C(C)C2=CC=1)C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 VCOVUYXJMHMVNV-FMYROPPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940125388 beta agonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000997 bicalutamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002988 biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012472 biological sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- HODFCFXCOMKRCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N bitolterol mesylate Chemical compound CS([O-])(=O)=O.C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=C(C(O)C[NH2+]C(C)(C)C)C=C1OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 HODFCFXCOMKRCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004097 bone metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000024279 bone resorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000030303 breathing problems Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-UHFFFAOYSA-N camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1CC2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)CC1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-YPZZEJLDSA-N carbon-10 atom Chemical compound [10C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-YPZZEJLDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010061592 cardiac fibrillation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003321 cartilage cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000021164 cell adhesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012292 cell migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017455 cell-cell adhesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035289 cell-matrix adhesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003570 cell-matrix junction Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002791 cfu-m Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- YOQPCWIXYUNEET-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl307697 Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)=NNC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O YOQPCWIXYUNEET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Substances ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000259 cinnolinyl group Chemical class N1=NC(=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229940090805 clavulanate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HZZVJAQRINQKSD-PBFISZAISA-N clavulanic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H]1C(=C/CO)/O[C@@H]2CC(=O)N21 HZZVJAQRINQKSD-PBFISZAISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005515 coenzyme Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013066 combination product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127555 combination product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125773 compound 10 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000002808 connective tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DOBRDRYODQBAMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(i) cyanide Chemical compound [Cu+].N#[C-] DOBRDRYODQBAMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940099112 cornstarch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940066901 crestor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001047 cyclobutenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003260 cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004292 cytoskeleton Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940127089 cytotoxic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002254 cytotoxic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000599 cytotoxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960004590 diacerein Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000006003 dichloroethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960001259 diclofenac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DCOPUUMXTXDBNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diclofenac Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl DCOPUUMXTXDBNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043237 diethanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylzinc Chemical compound CC[Zn]CC HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HUPFGZXOMWLGNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diflunisal Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(C=2C(=CC(F)=CC=2)F)=C1 HUPFGZXOMWLGNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000616 diflunisal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001028 difluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004598 dihydrobenzofuryl group Chemical group O1C(CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004582 dihydrobenzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- NZZFYRREKKOMAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N diiodomethane Chemical compound ICI NZZFYRREKKOMAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000016097 disease of metabolism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- IWLDTXOHXPDPQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;hydroxy-[1-hydroxy-1-[hydroxy(oxido)phosphoryl]-3-pyrrolidin-1-ylpropyl]phosphinate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP(=O)(O)C(P([O-])([O-])=O)(O)CCN1CCCC1 IWLDTXOHXPDPQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VFNGKCDDZUSWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L disulfate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OS([O-])(=O)=O VFNGKCDDZUSWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043264 dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950004203 droloxifene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000000969 egg white Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000014103 egg white Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003511 endothelial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002587 enol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002085 enols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 108010017796 epoxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229950007655 esilate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950000206 estolate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005309 estradiol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930182833 estradiol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanedisulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCS(O)(=O)=O AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000219 ethylidene group Chemical group [H]C(=[*])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010934 exostosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000002744 extracellular matrix Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000006275 fascioliasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960001419 fenoprofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002600 fibrillogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- DBEPLOCGEIEOCV-WSBQPABSSA-N finasteride Chemical compound N([C@@H]1CC2)C(=O)C=C[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H](C(=O)NC(C)(C)C)[C@@]2(C)CC1 DBEPLOCGEIEOCV-WSBQPABSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004039 finasteride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002390 flurbiprofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SYTBZMRGLBWNTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N flurbiprofen Chemical compound FC1=CC(C(C(O)=O)C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 SYTBZMRGLBWNTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MKXKFYHWDHIYRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N flutamide Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(C(F)(F)F)=C1 MKXKFYHWDHIYRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003765 fluvastatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001640 fractional crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002258 fulvestrant Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940050411 fumarate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002598 fumaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011087 fumaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003209 gene knockout Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000006592 giardiasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960001731 gluceptate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KWMLJOLKUYYJFJ-VFUOTHLCSA-N glucoheptonic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O KWMLJOLKUYYJFJ-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930195712 glutamate Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000833 heterodimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XGIHQYAWBCFNPY-AZOCGYLKSA-N hydrabamine Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)CC3=CC(C(C)C)=CC=C3[C@@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)CNCCNC[C@@]1(C)[C@@H]2CCC3=CC(C(C)C)=CC=C3[C@@]2(C)CCC1 XGIHQYAWBCFNPY-AZOCGYLKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000443 hydrochloric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940015872 ibandronate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005236 ibandronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950002248 idoxifene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001841 imino group Chemical group [H]N=* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- HOBCFUWDNJPFHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolizine Chemical compound C1=CC=CN2C=CC=C21 HOBCFUWDNJPFHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000905 indomethacin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002346 iodo group Chemical group I* 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940045996 isethionic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000904 isoindolyl group Chemical group C=1(NC=C2C=CC=CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001786 isothiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000842 isoxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZLVXBBHTMQJRSX-VMGNSXQWSA-N jdtic Chemical compound C1([C@]2(C)CCN(C[C@@H]2C)C[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H]2NCC3=CC(O)=CC=C3C2)=CC=CC(O)=C1 ZLVXBBHTMQJRSX-VMGNSXQWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008407 joint function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005067 joint tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004731 jugular vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- DKYWVDODHFEZIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ketoprofen Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)C1=CC=CC(C(=O)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 DKYWVDODHFEZIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000991 ketoprofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OZWKMVRBQXNZKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ketorolac Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCN2C1=CC=C2C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OZWKMVRBQXNZKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004752 ketorolac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960000448 lactic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940099584 lactobionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JYTUSYBCFIZPBE-AMTLMPIISA-N lactobionic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]([C@H](O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JYTUSYBCFIZPBE-AMTLMPIISA-N 0.000 description 1
- GXESHMAMLJKROZ-IAPPQJPRSA-N lasofoxifene Chemical compound C1([C@@H]2[C@@H](C3=CC=C(C=C3CC2)O)C=2C=CC(OCCN3CCCC3)=CC=2)=CC=CC=C1 GXESHMAMLJKROZ-IAPPQJPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002367 lasofoxifene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940095570 lescol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- UGFHIPBXIWJXNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N liarozole Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(C(C=2C=C3NC=NC3=CC=2)N2C=NC=C2)=C1 UGFHIPBXIWJXNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950007056 liarozole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UAWXGRJVZSAUSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N licofelone Chemical group OC(=O)CC=1N2CC(C)(C)CC2=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=1C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 UAWXGRJVZSAUSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950003488 licofelone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108010052322 limitin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940002661 lipitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960000994 lumiracoxib Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KHPKQFYUPIUARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lumiracoxib Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC(C)=CC=C1NC1=C(F)C=CC=C1Cl KHPKQFYUPIUARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010045758 lysosomal proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 210000002540 macrophage Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000002780 macular degeneration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000004792 malaria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940049920 malate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940098895 maleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940099690 malic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003211 malignant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-M mandelate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960002510 mandelic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003803 meclofenamic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001929 meloxicam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RXQCGGRTAILOIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N mephentermine Chemical compound CNC(C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 RXQCGGRTAILOIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002342 mephentermine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108020004999 messenger RNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000030159 metabolic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009401 metastasis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006510 metastatic growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- GRWIABMEEKERFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;oxolane Chemical compound OC.C1CCOC1 GRWIABMEEKERFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIJFGMIBHPAXAF-RNFRBKRXSA-N methyl (1r,2r)-2-carbonochloridoylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate Chemical class COC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCC[C@H]1C(Cl)=O OIJFGMIBHPAXAF-RNFRBKRXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006431 methyl cyclopropyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl sulfate(1-) Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYFFGSSZFBZTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylaminomethanetriol Chemical compound CNC(O)(O)O FYFFGSSZFBZTAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940099246 mevacor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VMMKGHQPQIEGSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N minodronic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CN2C(CC(O)(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O)=CN=C21 VMMKGHQPQIEGSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003226 mitogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001616 monocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010172 mouse model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000006417 multiple sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FTQWRYSLUYAIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[(octadecanoylamino)methyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FTQWRYSLUYAIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229960004270 nabumetone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960002009 naproxen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CMWTZPSULFXXJA-VIFPVBQESA-M naproxen(1-) Chemical compound C1=C([C@H](C)C([O-])=O)C=CC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 CMWTZPSULFXXJA-VIFPVBQESA-M 0.000 description 1
- PUUSSSIBPPTKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N neridronic acid Chemical compound NCCCCCC(O)(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O PUUSSSIBPPTKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XWXYUMMDTVBTOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nilutamide Chemical compound O=C1C(C)(C)NC(=O)N1C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(C(F)(F)F)=C1 XWXYUMMDTVBTOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002653 nilutamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020925 non fasting Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-M oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950004969 olpadronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126701 oral medication Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960003104 ornithine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003431 oxalo group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WRUUGTRCQOWXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pamidronate Chemical compound NCCC(O)(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O WRUUGTRCQOWXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940014662 pantothenate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940055726 pantothenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010033794 paragonimiasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010045398 parathyroid hormone-related peptide (1-36) Proteins 0.000 description 1
- TZRHLKRLEZJVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N parecoxib Chemical compound C1=CC(S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)CC)=CC=C1C1=C(C)ON=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 TZRHLKRLEZJVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000028169 periodontal disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008177 pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N phosphatidylcholine Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004838 phosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004193 piperazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960002702 piroxicam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QYSPLQLAKJAUJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N piroxicam Chemical compound OC=1C2=CC=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)N(C)C=1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=N1 QYSPLQLAKJAUJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004633 polyglycolic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000656 polylysine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940089484 pravachol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002965 pravastatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012746 preparative thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N procaine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004919 procaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001072 progestational effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000770 proinflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019833 protease Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010043535 protease S Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000007065 protein hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017854 proteolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000005069 pulmonary fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000003214 pyranose derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 210000000664 rectum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003583 retinal pigment epithelium Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- RZJQGNCSTQAWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N rofecoxib Chemical compound C1=CC(S(=O)(=O)C)=CC=C1C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)OC1 RZJQGNCSTQAWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000371 rofecoxib Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000672 rosuvastatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BPRHUIZQVSMCRT-VEUZHWNKSA-N rosuvastatin Chemical compound CC(C)C1=NC(N(C)S(C)(=O)=O)=NC(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=C1\C=C\[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BPRHUIZQVSMCRT-VEUZHWNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LALFOYNTGMUKGG-BGRFNVSISA-L rosuvastatin calcium Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC(C)C1=NC(N(C)S(C)(=O)=O)=NC(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=C1\C=C\[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC([O-])=O.CC(C)C1=NC(N(C)S(C)(=O)=O)=NC(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=C1\C=C\[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC([O-])=O LALFOYNTGMUKGG-BGRFNVSISA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000004409 schistosomiasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010048734 sclerotin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000849 selective androgen receptor modulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CAKRAHQRJGUPIG-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;[4-azaniumyl-1-hydroxy-1-[hydroxy(oxido)phosphoryl]butyl]-hydroxyphosphinate Chemical compound [Na+].NCCCC(O)(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)([O-])=O CAKRAHQRJGUPIG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VBDRTGFACFYFCT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hydroxy-[(1r)-1-hydroxy-3-[methyl(pentyl)amino]-1-phosphonopropyl]phosphinate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].CCCCCN(C)CCC(O)(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)([O-])=O VBDRTGFACFYFCT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 206010041569 spinal fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013222 sprague-dawley male rat Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012453 sprague-dawley rat model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008174 sterile solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052567 struvite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
- 229950000244 sulfanilic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004646 sulfenyl group Chemical group S(*)* 0.000 description 1
- 229940032330 sulfuric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurothioic S-acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=S DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000894 sulindac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MLKXDPUZXIRXEP-MFOYZWKCSA-N sulindac Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(O)=O)C2=CC(F)=CC=C2\C1=C/C1=CC=C(S(C)=O)C=C1 MLKXDPUZXIRXEP-MFOYZWKCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000000596 systemic lupus erythematosus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960001603 tamoxifen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003419 tautomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RRHPIUJOSIJECH-SDHOMARFSA-N tert-butyl n-[(2s)-1-[[(2s)-6-amino-1-[[(2s)-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-[(4-methyl-2-oxochromen-7-yl)amino]-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamate Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(C)C)=CC=C21 RRHPIUJOSIJECH-SDHOMARFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005958 tetrahydrothienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical group C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010050939 thrombocytin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010043778 thyroiditis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- UPSPUYADGBWSHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolmetin Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(CC(O)=O)N1C UPSPUYADGBWSHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005026 toremifene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XFCLJVABOIYOMF-QPLCGJKRSA-N toremifene Chemical compound C1=CC(OCCN(C)C)=CC=C1C(\C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C(\CCCl)C1=CC=CC=C1 XFCLJVABOIYOMF-QPLCGJKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000037317 transdermal delivery Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004205 trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- 210000004881 tumor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004614 tumor growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002211 ultraviolet spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002004 valdecoxib Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940070710 valerate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MECHNRXZTMCUDQ-RKHKHRCZSA-N vitamin D2 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)/C=C/[C@H](C)C(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C MECHNRXZTMCUDQ-RKHKHRCZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005282 vitamin D3 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940021056 vitamin d3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940102001 zinc bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940072168 zocor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004276 zoledronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930195724 β-lactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
- C07F7/0805—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising only Si, C or H atoms
- C07F7/0807—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising only Si, C or H atoms comprising Si as a ring atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D263/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings
- C07D263/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D263/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D263/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/42—Oxazoles
- A61K31/421—1,3-Oxazoles, e.g. pemoline, trimethadione
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/42—Oxazoles
- A61K31/422—Oxazoles not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/425—Thiazoles
- A61K31/427—Thiazoles not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
- A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
- A61K31/5377—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. timolol
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/54—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
- A61K31/541—Non-condensed thiazines containing further heterocyclic rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/54—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
- A61K31/547—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame spiro-condensed or forming part of bridged ring systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/695—Silicon compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/02—Stomatological preparations, e.g. drugs for caries, aphtae, periodontitis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/08—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/08—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
- A61P19/10—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease for osteoporosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
- A61P27/06—Antiglaucoma agents or miotics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D233/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D263/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings
- C07D263/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D263/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D263/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
- C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D277/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D277/30—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D413/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D413/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D413/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
- C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D417/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
- C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D495/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D495/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D495/08—Bridged systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D513/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00
- C07D513/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D513/08—Bridged systems
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Thiazole And Isothizaole Compounds (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及式(I)的化合物,其是半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂,包括但不限于组织蛋白酶K、L、S和B的抑制剂。这些化合物用于治疗其中表明需抑制骨吸收的疾病,例如骨质疏松症。
Description
发明背景
人类和其它哺乳动物的各种失调涉及或与异常的骨吸收有关。这样的失调包括但不限于骨质疏松症、糖皮质激素导致的骨质疏松症、佩吉特氏病、异常增加的骨转换、牙周病、牙齿缺失、骨折、类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、假体周围骨溶解、成骨不全症、恶性肿瘤的高钙血症或多发性骨髓瘤。一种最常见的这些失调是骨质疏松症,其最经常表现在发生在绝经后女性中。骨质疏松症是全身性骨骼疾病,其特征为低骨骼质量和骨组织的微结构退化,随后骨骼脆性增加并易患骨折。骨质疏松性骨折是老年人口中发病率和死亡率的主要原因。多达50%的女性和三分之一的男性将经历骨质疏松性骨折。大部分老年人口已经具有低骨骼密度和高骨折风险。存在预防和治疗骨质疏松症和其它与骨吸收有关的病情的显著需要。由于骨质疏松症,以及与骨丢失有关的其它失调通常是慢性病情,据信适当的疗法将通常需要慢性治疗。
组织蛋白酶属于半胱氨酸蛋白酶的木瓜蛋白酶总科。这些蛋白酶在结缔组织的正常生理学以及病理学退化中发挥作用。组织蛋白酶在细胞内蛋白质降解和转换和重构中起重要作用。迄今,已经从许多来源鉴定了许多组织蛋白酶并测定了其序列。这些组织蛋白酶天然地发现于多种组织中。例如,已经克隆了组织蛋白酶B、C、F、H、L、K、O、S、V、W和Z。组织蛋白酶L与正常溶酶体蛋白质水解以及几种疾病状态,包括但不限于黑素瘤的转移有关。组织蛋白酶S与阿茨海默病、动脉粥样硬化、慢性阻塞性肺病和某些自身免疫失调,包括但不限于青少年型糖尿病、多发性硬化、寻常型天疱疮、格雷夫斯氏病、重症肌无力、全身性红斑狼疮、类风湿性关节炎和桥本氏甲状腺炎;过敏性失调,包括但不限于哮喘;和异体免疫反应,包括但不限于器官移植和组织移植的排斥有关。在肿瘤中发现升高的组织蛋白酶B水平和酶的重新分配,暗示在肿瘤侵袭和转移中的作用。此外,异常的组织蛋白酶B活性与这样的疾病状态,如类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、卡氏肺囊虫病、急性胰腺炎、炎症性呼吸道疾病和骨骼与关节疾病有关。
哺乳动物组织蛋白酶与由引起疾病的寄生虫表达的木瓜蛋白酶样半胱氨酸蛋白酶有关,所述寄生虫包括来自原生动物、扁形动物、线虫和节肢动物科的那些。这些半胱氨酸蛋白酶在这些生物体的生命周期中发挥重要作用。
人类I型胶原(骨骼中的主要胶原)是组织蛋白酶K的良好底物。参见Kafienah,W.等,1998,BiochemJ331:727-732,在此通过引用以其全部并入。使用组织蛋白酶K的反义寡核苷酸的体外实验已经显示减小的体外骨吸收,其可能是由于降低的组织蛋白酶KmRNA的转译。参见Inui,T.等,1997,JBiolChem272:8109-8112,在此通过引用以其全部并入。已经解决了组织蛋白酶K的晶体结构。参见McGrath,M.E.等,1997,NatStructBiol4:105-109;Zhao,B.等,1997,NatStructBiol4:109-11,在此通过引用以其全部并入。另外,已经研发了组织蛋白酶K的基于选择性肽的抑制剂。参见Bromme,D.等,1996,BiochemJ315:85-89;Thompson,S.K.等1997,ProcNatlAcadSciUSA94:14249-14254,在此通过引用以其全部并入。相应地,组织蛋白酶K的抑制剂可以降低骨吸收。这样的抑制剂在治疗涉及骨吸收的失调,例如骨质疏松症中将是有用的。
本技术领域需要的是治疗与组织蛋白酶K活性有关的疾病的治疗剂,所述疾病包括骨质疏松症、糖皮质激素导致的骨质疏松症、佩吉特氏病、异常增加的骨转换、牙齿缺失、骨折、类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、假体周围骨溶解、成骨不全症、动脉粥样硬化、肥胖症、青光眼、慢性阻塞性肺病和癌症,包括转移性骨病,恶性肿瘤的高钙血症和多发性骨髓瘤。
发明概述
本发明涉及能够治疗和/或预防有此需要的哺乳动物的组织蛋白酶依赖性病情或疾病状态的化合物。通过式I的化合物和其药物上可接受的盐、立体异构体和N-氧化物衍生物举例说明本发明的一个实施方案。
式I的化合物是组织蛋白酶K的抑制剂。因此,式I的化合物可用于治疗、抑制或改善一种或多种可以受益于组织蛋白酶K的抑制,包括骨质疏松症的疾病状态的方法中。本发明的化合物还可以与其它治疗上的有效试剂组合使用,所述有效试剂包括但不限于用于治疗骨质疏松症、糖皮质激素导致的骨质疏松症、佩吉特氏病、异常增加的骨转换、牙周病、牙齿缺失、骨折、类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、假体周围骨溶解、成骨不全症、动脉粥样硬化、肥胖症、青光眼、慢性阻塞性肺病、转移性骨病、恶性肿瘤的高钙血症或多发性骨髓瘤的其它药物。本发明还涉及用于制备式I的化合物的方法和包含式I的化合物的药物组合物。
发明详述
本发明涉及具有以下化学式的化合物:
其中X是氧、硫或氮;
R1是氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C3-8环烷基或杂环基,其中所述烷基和烯基任选地被C3-6环烷基、1至6个卤素、羟基或R8取代;并且其中所述环烷基和杂环基任选地被一个或两个选自C1-6烷基、卤素、OR6和酮基的取代基取代;
R2是氢、C1-6烷基或C2-6烯基,其中所述烷基和烯基任选地被C3-6环烷基、1至6个卤素或R8取代;
或者R1和R2可以与它们连接至的碳原子合起来形成C3-8环烷基或杂环基环,其中所述环烷基和杂环基任选地被一个或两个独立选自R6、C1-6卤代烷基和卤素的取代基取代;
每个R3独立选自氢、卤素和C1-2烷基,其中所述烷基任选地被1至3个卤素取代;或者
两个R3基团可以与它们连接至的碳原子合起来形成C3-4环烷基环,其中所述环任选地被1至3个卤素取代;
R4是氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-3炔基、NR6R7、OR6、OR8或R8,其中所述烷基任选地被1至6个独立选自OR7、卤素、羟基、氰基和R8的取代基取代;
R5是氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、芳基、杂芳基、C3-8环烷基、杂环基、C(O)NR6R8、C(O)R8、NR6C(O)OR7或SOmR6,其中所述芳基、杂芳基、C3-8环烷基和杂环基任选地被1至5个独立选自C1-6烷基、卤素、氧代、氰基、C1-6卤代烷基和SOmR6的取代基取代;
R6是氢或C1-6烷基,后者任选地被1至3个独立选自卤素、羟基、氰基和O(C1-6烷基)的取代基取代;
R7是氢或C1-6烷基,后者任选地被1至3个独立选自卤素、羟基、氰基和O(C1-6烷基)的取代基取代;
R8是C3-8环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中所述环烷基、芳基、杂芳基和杂环基任选地被1至4个独立选自卤素、氰基、氧代、C1-6卤代烷基、R6、OR6、C3-6环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、杂环基、SOmR6和SF5的取代基取代;
m是0至2的整数;
p是0至2的整数。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,X是氧。在本发明的另一个实施方案中,X是硫。在本发明的另一个实施方案中,X或是氮。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,R1是氢、C1-3烷基、C3-8环烷基或杂环基,其中所述烷基任选地被1至6个卤素或羟基取代。
在本发明的一个类别中,R1是氢、C1-3烷基、C3-8环烷基或杂环基,其中所述烷基任选地被1至6个卤素取代。在本发明的一个类别中,R1是氢。在本发明的另一个类别中,R1是甲基。在本发明的另一个类别中,R1是乙基。在本发明的另一个类别中,R1是异丙基。在本发明的另一个类别中,R1是杂环基。在本发明的另一个类别中,R1是四氢吡喃基。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,R2是氢或C1-3烷基,其中所述烷基任选地被1至6个卤素取代。在本发明的一个类别中,R2是氢。在本发明的另一个类别中,R2是甲基。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,R1和R2可以与它们连接至的碳原子合起来形成C3-6环烷基环,其任选地被一个或两个R6取代。在本发明的一个类别中,R1和R2可以与它们连接至的碳原子合起来形成环丙基环。在本发明的另一个类别中,R1和R2可以与它们连接至的碳原子合起来形成被两个甲基取代的环丙基环。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,每个R3独立选自氢或卤素,或者两个R3基团可以与它们连接至的碳原子合起来形成C3-4环烷基环,其中所述环任选地被1至3个卤素取代。在本发明的一个类别中,R3是氢。在本发明的一个类别中,R3是卤素。在本发明的一个子类别中,R3是氟。在本发明的一个类别中,两个R3基团可以与它们连接至的碳原子合起来形成环丙基环。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,R4是氢、C1-6烷基、OR6或R8,其中所述烷基任选地被1至6个独立选自OR7、卤素、羟基、氰基和R8的取代基取代。在本发明的一个类别中,R4是氢。在本发明的一个类别中,R4是C1-6烷基。在本发明的一个类别中,R4是OR6。在本发明的一个类别中,R4是R8。在本发明的一个子类别中,R4是芳基,其任选地被1至3个独立选自卤素、甲基、乙基、氰基或SO2CH3的取代基取代。在本发明的进一步子类别中,R4是苯基,其任选地被卤素取代。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,R5是杂芳基、杂环基、C(O)NR6R8、C(O)R8或NR6C(O)OR7,其中所述杂芳基和杂环基任选地被1至5个独立选自C1-6烷基、卤素、氧代、氰基、C1-6卤代烷基和SOmR6的取代基取代。在本发明的一个类别中,R5是杂环基或C(O)R8。在本发明的一个类别中,R5是杂环基,其任选地被1至5个独立选自C1-6烷基、卤素、氧代、氰基、C1-6卤代烷基和SOmR6的取代基取代。在本发明的一个子类别中,R5是1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉基(1,1-dioxidothiomorphonlinyl)。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,R6是氢。在本发明的另一个实施方案中,R6是C1-6烷基,其任选地被1至3个独立选自卤素、羟基、氰基和O(C1-6烷基)的取代基取代。在本发明的一个类别中,R6是甲基。在本发明的另一个类别中,R6是三氟甲基。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,m为2。在本发明的另一个实施方案中,m为1。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,p为0。在本发明的另一个实施方案中,p为1。在本发明的另一个实施方案中,p为2。
除非另有说明,关于以上阐述的优选类别和子类别意在包括特定和优选基团的所有组合。
本发明的具体实施方案包括但不限于本文中如实例1至159中确定的化合物或其药物上可接受的盐。
还包括在本发明的范围内的是由如上所述的式I的化合物和药物上可接受的载体组成的药物组合物。本发明还考虑包括由药物上可接受的载体和本申请中具体公开的任何化合物组成的药物组合物。本发明的这些和其它方面从本文包括的教导将是明确的。
用途
本发明的化合物是组织蛋白酶的抑制剂并且可以用于治疗或预防哺乳动物,优选人类的组织蛋白酶依赖性疾病或病情。特别地,本发明的化合物是组织蛋白酶K的抑制剂并且可以用于治疗或预防哺乳动物,优选人类的组织蛋白酶K依赖性疾病或病情。
本发明的化合物比现有技术已知的结构相似的化合物以下优点:其具有对相关组织蛋白酶,尤其是组织蛋白酶F的显著改进的选择性特征。
“组织蛋白酶依赖性疾病或病情”是指依赖于一种或多种组织蛋白酶的活性的病理情况。“组织蛋白酶K依赖性疾病或病情”是指依赖于组织蛋白酶K的活性的病理情况。与组织蛋白酶K的活性有关的疾病包括骨质疏松症、糖皮质激素导致的骨质疏松症、佩吉特氏病、异常增加的骨转换、牙齿缺失、骨折、类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、假体周围骨溶解、成骨不全症、动脉粥样硬化、肥胖症、青光眼、慢性阻塞性肺病和癌症,包括转移性骨病,恶性肿瘤的高钙血症和多发性骨髓瘤。在用要求保护的化合物治疗这样的病情中,所需的治疗量将根据特定疾病而变化,并且容易由本领域技术人员确定。尽管本发明的范围考虑治疗和预防两者,但这些病情的治疗是优选用途。
本发明的一个实施方案是抑制有此需要的哺乳动物中的组织蛋白酶活性的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。
一类实施方案是其中组织蛋白酶活性是组织蛋白酶K活性的方法。
本发明的另一个实施方案是治疗或预防有此需要的哺乳动物的组织蛋白酶依赖性病情的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。
一类实施方案是其中组织蛋白酶活性是组织蛋白酶K活性的方法。
本发明的另一个实施方案是抑制有此需要的哺乳动物的骨流失的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。
本发明的另一个实施方案是减少有此需要的哺乳动物的骨流失的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。在文献中已知组织蛋白酶K抑制剂在抑制骨吸收,其包括异常增加的骨转换、骨折、佩吉特氏病、成骨不全症和假体周围骨溶解中的用途,参见Stroup,G.B.,Lark,M.W.,Veber,DF.,Bhattacharrya,A.,Blake,S.,Dare,L.C.,Erhard,K.F.,Hoffman,S.J.,James,I.E.,Marquis,R.w.,Ru,Y.,Vasko-Moser,J.A.,Smith,B.R.,Tomaszek,T.和Gowen,M.PotentandselectiveinhibitionofhumancathepsinKleadstoinhibitionofboneresorptioninvivoinanonhumanprimate.J.BoneMiner.Res.,16:1739-1746;2001;和Votta,B.J.,Levy,M.A.,Badger,A.,Dodds,R.A.,James,I.E.,Thompson,S.,Bossard,M.J.,Carr,T.,Connor,J.R.,Tomaszek,T.A.,Szewczuk,L.,Drake,F.H.,Veber,D.,和Gowen,M.PeptidealdehydeinhibitorsofcathepsinKinhibitboneresorptionbothinvivoandinvitro.J.BoneMiner.Res.12:1396-1406;1997。
本发明的另一个实施方案是治疗或预防有此需要的哺乳动物的骨质疏松症,包括糖皮质激素导致的骨质疏松症的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。在文献中已知组织蛋白酶K抑制剂在治疗或预防骨质疏松症中的用途,参见Saftig,P.,Hunziker,E.,Wehmeyer,O.,Jones,S.,Boyde,A.,Rommerskirch,W.,Moritz,J.D.,Schu,P.,和Vonfigura,K.ImpairedosteoclastboneresorptionleadstoosteopetrosisincathepsinK-deficientmice.Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA95:13453-13458;1998。
本发明的另一个实施方案是治疗或预防有此需要的哺乳动物的牙周病,包括牙齿缺失的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。在文献中已知组织蛋白酶K抑制剂在治疗或预防牙周病和牙齿缺失中的用途,参见TsujiY等,ExpressionofcathepsinKmRNAandproteininodontoclastsafterexperimentaltoothmovementinthemousemaxillabyinsituhybridizationandimmunoelectronmicroscopy.CellTissueRes.2001年3月;303(3):359-69。
本发明的另一个实施方案是治疗或预防有此需要的哺乳动物的类风湿性关节炎病情的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。在文献中已知关节周围骨骼的渐进性破坏是患有类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者的关节功能障碍和残疾的主要原因,参见GoldringSR,“Pathogenesisofboneerosionsinrheumatoidarthritis”.Curr.Opin.Rheumatol.2002;14:406-10。对来自患有RA的患者的关节组织的分析已经提供了组织蛋白酶K阳性破骨细胞是介导(mediate)与类风湿性滑膜病变相关的病灶骨吸收的细胞类型的证据,参见Hou,W-S,Li,W,Keyszer,G,Weber,E,Levy,R,Klein,MJ,Gravallese,EM,Goldring,SR,Bromme,D,“ComparisonofCathepsinKandSexpressionwithintheRheumatoidandOsteoarthriticSynovium”,ArthritisRheumatism2002;46:663-74。此外,全身性骨流失是与严重RA相关的发病率的主要原因。髋部和脊椎骨折的频率在患有慢性RA的患者中大量增加,参见GouldA,Sambrook,P,DevlinJ等,“Osteoclasticactivationistheprincipalmechanismleadingtosecondaryosteoporosisinrheumatoidarthritis”.J.Rheumatol.1998;25:1282-9。组织蛋白酶K抑制剂在治疗或预防关节骨吸收和全身性骨流失中的用途代表了药物介入类风湿性关节炎的发展的合理方法。
本发明的另一个实施方案是治疗或预防有此需要的哺乳动物的骨关节炎的发展的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。在文献中已知骨关节炎(OA)伴有明确的关节改变,包括关节软骨表面的侵蚀、关节周围软骨内骨化/骨赘病和软骨下骨硬化和囊肿形成,参见OettmeierR,Abendroth,K,“Osteoarthritisandbone:osteologictypesofosteoarthritisofthehip”,SkeletalRadiol.1989;18:165-74。最近,已经建议了软骨下骨硬化对OA的起始和发展的潜在贡献。硬化的软骨下骨作为响应重复冲击载荷的关节,较不能通过关节减弱和散布力,使其经受跨过关节软骨表面的更大的机械应力。这反过来加快了软骨磨损和原纤维化,参见Radin,EL和RoseRM,“Roleofsubchondralboneintheinitiationandprogressionofcartilagedamage”,Clin.Orthop.1986;213:34-40。通过抗吸收剂如组织蛋白酶K抑制剂抑制过度的关节下(subarticular)骨吸收将导致抑制软骨下骨转换,因此可以对OA发展具有有利影响。
除以上假设外,最近在来源于OA患者的来自滑膜和关节软骨试样的滑膜成纤维细胞、巨噬细胞样细胞和软骨细胞中确定了组织蛋白酶K蛋白质表达。参见Hou,W-S,Li,W,Keyszer,G,Weber,E,Levy,R,Klein,MJ,Gravallese,EM,Goldring,SR,Bromme,D,“ComparisonofCathepsinKandSexpressionwithintheRheumatoidandOsteoarthriticSynovium”,ArthritisRheumatism2002;46:663-74;和Dodd,RA,Connor,JR,Drake,FH,Gowen,M,“ExpressionofCathepsinKmessengerRNAingiantcellsandtheirprecursorsinhumanosteoarthriticsynovialtissues”.ArthritisRheumatism1999;42:1588-93;和Konttinen,YT,Mandelin,J,Li,T-F,Salo,J,Lassus,J等“AcidiccysteineendoproteinasecathepsinKinthedegenerationofthesuperficialarticularhyalinecartilageinosteoarthritis”,ArthritisRheumatism2002;46:953-60。因此这些最近的研究暗示了组织蛋白酶K在破坏与骨关节炎的发展有关的关节软骨中的II型胶原中的作用。如本发明中所述的,组织蛋白酶K抑制剂在治疗或预防骨关节炎中的用途因此包括两种不同机理,一种是抑制破骨细胞驱使的软骨下骨转换,和第二种是直接抑制患有OA的患者的滑膜和软骨中的II型胶原退化。
本发明的另一个实施方案是治疗有此需要的哺乳动物的癌症的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。在文献中已知组织蛋白酶K在人类乳腺癌、前列腺癌和脊索癌中表达并具有基质退化能力,参见Littlewood-EvansAJ,BilbeG,BowlerWB,FarleyD,WlodarskiB,KokuboT,InaokaT,SloaneJ,EvansDB,GallagherJA,“Theosteoclast-associatedproteasecathepsinKisexpressedinhumanbreastcarcinoma.”CancerRes1997年12月1日,57(23):5386-90,BrubakerKD,VessellaRL,TrueLD,ThomasR,CoreyE“CathepsinKmRNAandproteinexpressioninprostatecancerprogression.”JBoneMinerRes200318,222-30,HaeckelC,KruegerS,KuesterD,OstertagH,SamiiM,BuehlingF,BroemmeD,CzerniakB,RoessnerA.“ExpressionofcathepsinKinchordoma.”HumPathol2000年7月,31(7):834-40。
本发明的另一个实施方案是治疗有此需要的哺乳动物的动脉粥样硬化的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。在文献中已知组织蛋白酶K在人类动脉粥样化中表达并具有显著的弹性蛋白酶活性,参见SukhovaGK,ShiGP,SimonDI,ChapmanHA,LibbyP.“ExpressionoftheelastolyticcathepsinsSandKinhumanatheromaandregulationoftheirproductioninsmoothmusclecells.”JClinInvest1998年8月102,576-83。还已知当与载脂蛋白E基因敲除(ApoEnull)小鼠交叉时,组织蛋白酶K基因敲除(CatKnull)小鼠显示减少的动脉粥样硬化斑块区域和增加的对斑块破裂的抵抗,参见E.Lutgens,S.P.M.Lutgens,B.C.G.Faber,S.Heeneman,M.M.J.Gijbels,M.P.J.deWinther,P.Frederik,I.vanderMade,D.Black,M.J.A.P.Daemen,K.B.J.M.Cleutjens“DisruptionoftheCathepsinKGeneReducesAtherosclerosisProgressionandInducesPlaqueFibrosisbutAcceleratesMacrophageFoamCellFormation.”Circulation2006113:98-107。提高的斑块稳定性会导致给药给治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物的患者的心脏病发作和中风的减少。
本发明的另一个实施方案是治疗有此需要的哺乳动物的肥胖的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。在文献中已知组织蛋白酶KmRNA在肥胖的几个小鼠模型的脂肪组织中增加,也在肥胖的人类男性的脂肪组织中增加,参见ChielliniC,CostaM,NovelliSE,AmriEZ,BenziL,BertaccaA,CohenP,DelPratoS,FriedmanJM,MaffeiM.“IdentificationofcathepsinKasanovelmarkerofadiposityinwhiteadiposetissue,”JCellPhysiol2003,195,309-21。
本发明的另一个实施方案是治疗有此需要的哺乳动物的青光眼的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。组织蛋白酶K在虹膜、玻璃体和视网膜色素上皮细胞中高度表达,并且因此可用于治疗青光眼,参见Ortega,J.等“GeneExpressionofProteasesandProteaseInhibitorsintheHumanCiliaryEpitheliumandODM-2cells,”Exp.EyeRes(1997)65,289-299;国际公布WO2004/058238(Alcon,Inc.)。
本发明的另一个实施方案是治疗有此需要的哺乳动物的慢性阻塞性肺病的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。在文献中已知组织蛋白酶K在肺部纤维化中起作用,参见Buhling,F.等“PivotalroleofcathepsinKinlungfibrosis,”AmJPathol.2004年6月;164(6):2203-16。
本发明的另一个实施方案是治疗有此需要的哺乳动物的寄生虫感染的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。在文献中已知哺乳类动物组织蛋白酶与在这些寄生虫的生命周期中起重要作用的木瓜蛋白酶样半胱氨酸蛋白酶有关。这样的寄生虫涉及以下疾病:疟疾、美洲锥虫病、非洲锥虫病、利什曼病、贾第虫病、滴虫病、阿米巴病、血吸虫病、肝片吸虫病、肺吸虫病和肠道蛔虫,参见LecailleF,KaletaJ,BrommeD.,Humanandparasiticpapain-likecysteineproteases:theirroleinphysiologyandpathologyandrecentdevelopmentsininhibitordesign.ChemRev2002102,4459-88。
本发明的另一个实施方案是治疗有此需要的哺乳动物的严重急性呼吸系统综合征(SARS)的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。
本发明的另一个实施方案是治疗有此需要的哺乳动物的转移性骨病的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。在文献中已知破骨细胞是骨吸收的原因并且由转移瘤引起的骨破坏和高钙血症是通过破骨细胞进行的。因此,抑制破骨细胞可以预防骨破坏和骨转移,参见Miyamoto,T.和Suda,T.,“Differentiationandfunctionofosteoclasts,”KeioJMed2003年3月52(1):1-7。
本发明的另一个实施方案是预防患有有骨转移风险的原发性肿瘤的哺乳动物的转移性骨病的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。在文献中描述了抑制破骨细胞功能的化合物可以预防肿瘤细胞粘附至骨骼,参见S.Boissier,M.Ferreras,O.Peyruchaud,S.Magnetto,F.H.Ebetino,M.Colombel,P.Delmas,J.-M.Delaissé和P.Clézardin“BisphosphonatesInhibitBreastandProstateCarcinomaCellInvasion,anEarlyEventintheFormationofBoneMetastases”CancerResearch60,2949-2954,2000。
本发明的另一个实施方案是治疗有此需要的哺乳动物的恶性肿瘤的高钙血症或多发性骨髓瘤的方法,其包括给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物。在文献中已知组织蛋白酶K在恶性肿瘤的高钙血症和多发性骨髓瘤中起作用,参见Faust,J.等Multiplemyelomacellsandcellsofthehumanosteoclastlineagesharemorphologicalandcellsurfacemarkers.JCellBiochem.1998年12月,15;71(4):559-68;A.lipton,Newtherapeuticagentsforthetreatmentofbonediseases.ExpertOpinBiolTher.2005年6月,5(6):817-32。
本发明的另一个实施方案是给药给哺乳动物治疗有效量的上述任何化合物或任何药物组合物用于治疗哺乳类动物的与组织蛋白酶S有关的疾病,其包括阿茨海默病、动脉粥样硬化、慢性阻塞性肺病、癌症和某些自身免疫失调,包括但不限于青少年型糖尿病、多发性硬化、寻常型天疱疮、格雷夫斯氏病、重症肌无力、全身性红斑狼疮、类风湿性关节炎和桥本氏甲状腺炎;过敏性失调,包括但不限于哮喘;和异体免疫反应,包括但不限于器官移植或组织移植的排斥。在文献中已知组织蛋白酶S活性与上述疾病有关,参见MungerJS,HaassC,LemereCA,ShiGP,WongWS,TeplowDB,SelkoeDJ,ChapmanHA.LysosomalprocessingofamyloidprecursorproteintoAbetapeptides:adistinctroleforcathepsinS.BiochemJ1995311,299-305,SukhovaGK,ZhangY,PanJH,WadaY,YamamotoT,NaitoM,KodamaT,TsimikasS,WitztumJL,LuML,SakaraY,ChinMT,LibbyP,ShiGP.DeficiencyofcathepsinSreducesatherosclerosisinLDLreceptor-deficientmice.JClinInvest2003111,897-906,ZhengT,ZhuZ,WangZ,HomerRJ,MaB,RieseRJJr,ChapmanHAJr,ShapiroSD,EliasJA.InducibletargetingofIL-13totheadultlungcausesmatrixmetalloproteinase-andcathepsin-dependentemphysema.JClinInvest2000106,1081-93,ShiGP,SukhovaGK,KuzuyaM,YeQ,DuJ,ZhangY,PanJH,LuML,ChengXW,IguchiA,PerreyS,LeeAM,ChapmanHA,LibbyP.DeficiencyofthecysteineproteasecathepsinSimpairsmicrovesselgrowth.CircRes200392,493-500,NakagawaTY,BrissetteWH,LiraPD,GriffithsRJ,PetrushovaN,StockJ,McNeishJD,EastmanSE,HowardED,ClarkeSR,RosloniecEF,ElliottEA,RudenskyAY.Impairedinvariantchaindegradationandantigenpresentationanddiminishedcollagen-inducedarthritisincathepsinSnullmice.Immunity199910,207-17。
本发明的示例是上述任何化合物在制备用于治疗和/或预防有此需要的哺乳动物的骨质疏松症的药剂中的用途。本发明的进一步示例是上述任何化合物在制备用于治疗和/或预防与组织蛋白酶功能有关的骨流失、骨吸收、骨折、转移性骨病和/或失调的药剂中的用途。
可以将本发明的化合物给药给哺乳动物,优选人类,单独或优选在药物组合物中,根据标准制药实践与药物上可接受的载体或稀释剂,任选地与已知的佐剂,例如矾组合。该化合物可以口服或肠胃外给药,所述肠胃外给药包括静脉内、肌肉内、腹腔内、皮下、直肠和局部给药途径。
在用于口服的片剂的情况下,通常使用的载体包括乳糖和玉米淀粉,并且通常添加润滑剂,例如硬脂酸镁。对于胶囊形式的口服给药,有用的稀释剂包括乳糖和干燥玉米淀粉。对于根据本发明的口服使用的治疗化合物,选择的化合物可以例如以片剂或胶囊形式,或作为水溶液或悬浮液给药。对于片剂或胶囊形式的口服给药,活性药物组分可以与口服、无毒、药物上可接受的惰性载体,例如乳糖、淀粉、蔗糖、葡萄糖、甲基纤维素、硬脂酸镁、磷酸二钙、硫酸钙、甘露糖醇、山梨糖醇等组合;对于液体形式的口服给药,口服药物组分可以与任何口服、无毒、药物上可接受的惰性载体,例如乙醇、甘油、水等组合。此外,当期望或必需时,也可以将合适的粘合剂、润滑剂、崩解剂和着色剂并入混合物。合适的粘合剂包括淀粉、明胶、天然糖,例如葡萄糖或β-乳糖,玉米甜味剂、天然和合成胶,例如阿拉伯胶、黄耆胶或海藻酸钠,羧甲基纤维素、聚乙二醇、蜡等。用于这些剂型中的润滑剂包括油酸钠、硬脂酸钠、硬脂酸镁、苯甲酸钠、乙酸钠、氯化钠等。崩解剂包括但不限于淀粉、甲基纤维素、琼脂、膨润土、黄原胶等。当需要含水悬浮液用于口服时,将活性成分与乳化剂和悬浮剂组合。如果需要,可以添加某些甜味剂和/或调味剂。对于肌肉内、腹腔内、皮下和静脉内使用,通常制备活性成分的无菌溶液,并且应该合适地调节和缓冲溶液的pH。对于静脉内使用,应该控制溶质的总浓度以使得配制品是等渗的。
还可以以脂质体递送体系,例如小单层囊泡、大单层囊泡和多层囊泡的形式给药本发明的化合物。可以由各种磷脂,例如胆甾醇、硬脂胺或磷脂酰胆碱形成脂质体。
还可以通过使用单克隆抗体作为单个载体(化合物分子偶合至其)递送本发明的化合物。本发明的化合物还可以与作为靶向药物载体的可溶性聚合物偶合。这样的聚合物可以包括聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、吡喃共聚物、聚羟丙基甲基丙烯酰胺-苯酚、聚羟乙基天冬酰胺-苯酚或用棕榈酰基残基取代的聚环氧乙烷-聚赖氨酸。此外,本发明的化合物可以偶合至用于实现药物控释的一类可生物降解聚合物,例如聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸、聚乳酸和聚乙醇酸的共聚物、聚ε己内酯、多羟基丁酸、聚原酸酯、聚缩醛、聚二氢吡喃、聚氰基丙烯酸酯和水凝胶的交联或两亲嵌段共聚物。
本发明的化合物还可以与用于治疗或预防骨质疏松症、糖皮质激素导致的骨质疏松症、佩吉特氏病、异常增加的骨转换、牙周病、牙齿缺失、骨折、类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、假体周围骨溶解、成骨不全症、转移性骨病、恶性肿瘤的高钙血症和多发性骨髓瘤的已知试剂组合使用。本发明公开的化合物与用于治疗或预防骨质疏松症或其它骨失调的其它试剂的组合在本发明的范围内。本领域一般技术人员将能够基于药物的具体特征和涉及的疾病识别哪种试剂的组合将是有用的。这样的试剂包括以下:有机双膦酸酯/盐、选择性雌激素受体调节剂、雄激素受体调节剂、破骨细胞质子ATP酶抑制剂、HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂、整联蛋白受体拮抗剂、成骨细胞合成代谢剂例如PTH,维生素D、合成维生素D类似物、非甾类抗炎药、选择性环氧酶-2抑制剂、白细胞介素-1β抑制剂、LOX/COX抑制剂和其药物上可接受的盐和混合物。优选的组合是本发明的化合物和有机双膦酸酯/盐。另一个优选的组合是本发明的化合物和选择性雌激素受体调节剂。另一个优选的组合是本发明的化合物和雄激素受体调节剂。另一个优选的组合是本发明的化合物和成骨细胞合成代谢剂。“有机双膦酸酯/盐”包括但不限于具有以下化学式的化合物
其中n是0至7的整数,并且其中A和X独立地选自H、OH、卤素、NH2、SH、苯基、C1-C30烷基、C3-C30支链或环烷基、含有2或3个N的双环结构、C1-C30取代的烷基、C1-C10烷基取代的NH2、C3-C10支链或环烷基取代的NH2、C1-C10二烷基取代的NH2、C1-C10烷氧基、C1-C10烷基取代的硫基(thio)、苯硫基、卤代苯硫基、C1-C10烷基取代的苯基、吡啶基、呋喃基、吡咯烷基、咪唑基、咪唑并吡啶基和苄基,使得当n为0时,A和X不都选自H或OH;或者A和X与它们连接至的一个或多个碳原子一起形成C3-C10环。
在以上化学式中,烷基可以是直链、支链或环状的,只要为化学式选择足够的碳原子。C1-C30取代的烷基可以包含各种取代基,其非限制性实例包括选自以下基团的那些:苯基、吡啶基、呋喃基、吡咯烷基、咪唑基、NH2、C1-C10烷基或二烷基取代的NH2、OH、SH和C1-C10烷氧基。
以上化学式还意在包含A和/或X取代基的复杂碳环、芳族和杂原子结构,其非限制性实例包括萘基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、金刚烷基和氯苯硫基。
双膦酸酯/盐类的药物上可接受的盐和衍生物在本文中也是有用的。盐的非限制性实例包括选自以下的那些:碱金属、碱性金属、铵和一、二、三或四C1-C10烷基取代的铵盐。优选的盐是选自以下的那些:钠、钾、钙、镁和铵盐。更优选钠盐。衍生物的非限制性实例包括选自酯、水合物和酰胺的那些。
应该注意,本文用于表示本发明的治疗剂的术语“双膦酸酯/盐”和“双膦酸酯/盐类”意在还包括二膦酸酯/盐、双膦酸和二膦酸以及这些材料的盐和衍生物。除非明确指出,表示双膦酸酯/盐或双膦酸酯/盐类的特定命名的使用不意在限制本发明的范围。由于本领域一般技术人员目前使用的混合命名,本文中除非另有指出,表示本发明的双膦酸酯/盐化合物的特定重量或百分数是基于酸活性物重量。例如,短语“约5mg的选自阿仑膦酸酯/盐、其药物上可接受的盐及其混合物的骨吸收抑制双膦酸酯/盐,基于阿仑膦酸活性物重量”表示基于5mg的阿仑膦酸计算选择的双膦酸酯/盐化合物的量。
用于本文的双磷酸酯类的非限制性实例包括以下:
阿仑膦酸酯/盐,其也称为阿仑膦酸、4-氨基-1-羟基亚丁基-1,1-双膦酸、阿仑膦酸钠或三水合阿仑膦酸一钠、三水合4-氨基-1-羟基亚丁基-1,1-双膦酸一钠。
阿仑膦酸酯/盐描述以下专利中:1990年5月1日授予Kieczykowski等的美国专利4,922,007;1991年5月28日授予Kieczykowski等的5,019,651;1996年4月23日授予Dauer等的5,510,517;1997年7月15日授予Dauer等的5,648,491,其所有通过引用以其全部并入本文。
环庚基氨基亚甲基-1,1-双膦酸,YM175,Yamanouchi(因卡膦酸酯/盐,之前称为英卡膦酸酯/盐),如1990年11月13日授予Isomura等的美国专利4,970,335中所述,通过引用以其全部并入本文。
1,1-二氯亚甲基-1,1-二膦酸(氯膦酸)和二钠盐(氯膦酸盐,ProcterandGamble)描述在比利时专利672,205(1966)和J.Org.Chem32,4111(1967)中,二者通过引用以其全部并入本文。
1-羟基-3-(1-吡咯烷基)-亚丙基-1,1-双膦酸(EB-1053)。
1-羟基乙烷-1,1-二膦酸(依替膦酸)。
1-羟基-3-(N-甲基-N-戊基氨基)亚丙基-1,1-双膦酸,也称为BM-210955,Boehringer-Mannheim(ibandronate),描述在1990年5月22日授权的美国专利4,927,814中,通过引用以其全部并入本文。
1-羟基-2-咪唑并-(1,2-a)吡啶-3-基亚乙基(米诺膦酸)。
6-氨基-1-羟基亚己基-1,1-双膦酸(奈立膦酸)。
3-(二甲基氨基)-1-羟基亚丙基-1,1-双膦酸(奥帕膦酸)。
3-氨基-1-羟基亚丙基-1,1-双膦酸(帕米膦酸)。
[2-(2-吡啶基)亚乙基]-1,1-双膦酸(匹瑞膦酸)描述在美国专利4,761,406中,通过引用以其全部并入本文。
1-羟基-2-(3-吡啶基)亚乙基-1,1-双膦酸(利塞膦酸)。
(4-氯苯基)硫基甲烷--1,1-双膦酸(替鲁膦酸)描述在1989年10月24日授予Breliere等的美国专利4,876,248中,通过引用以其全部并入本文。
1-羟基-2-(1H-咪唑-1-基)亚乙基-1,1-双膦酸(唑来膦酸)。
双膦酸酯/盐类的非限制性实例包括阿仑膦酸酯/盐、英卡膦酸酯/盐、氯膦酸酯/盐、依替膦酸酯/盐、伊班膦酸酯/盐、因卡膦酸酯/盐、米诺膦酸酯/盐、奈立膦酸酯/盐、奥帕膦酸酯/盐、帕米膦酸酯/盐、匹瑞膦酸酯/盐、利塞膦酸酯/盐、替鲁膦酸酯/盐和唑来膦酸酯/盐及其药物上可接受的盐和酯。特别优选的双膦酸盐是阿仑膦酸盐,尤其是阿仑膦酸的钠、钾、钙、镁和铵盐。优选双膦酸盐的示例是阿仑膦酸的钠盐,尤其是水合的阿仑膦酸钠盐。该盐可以与整数摩尔的水或非整数摩尔的水水合。优选双膦酸盐的进一步示例是水合的阿仑膦酸钠盐,尤其当水合盐是三水合阿仑膦酸一钠时。
认识到可以使用两种或更多种双膦酸酯/盐活性物的混合物。
有机双膦酸酯/盐的准确剂量将随着给药方案、选择的具体双膦酸酯/盐、哺乳动物或人类的年龄、身体大小、性别和情况、待治疗的失调的性质和严重性和其它相关的医学和身体因素而变化。因此不能预先规定准确的药物上的有效量并且可以由护理者或临床医生容易地确定。可以通过来自动物模型和人类临床研究的常规实验确定合适的量。通常,选择双膦酸酯/盐的合适的量以获得骨吸收抑制效果,即给药骨吸收抑制量的双膦酸酯/盐。对于人类,双膦酸酯/盐的有效口服剂量通常为约1.5至约6000μg/kg体重,并优选约10至约2000μg/kg体重。对于三水合阿仑膦酸一钠,给药的一般人类剂量通常为约2mg/天至约40mg/天,优选约5mg/天至约40mg/天。在美国,对三水合阿仑膦酸一钠的目前批准剂量是对于预防骨质疏松症,5mg/天,对于治疗骨质疏松症,10mg/天,和对于治疗佩吉特氏病,40mg/天。
在替代给药方案中,可以间隔而不是每天给药双膦酸酯/盐,例如一周一次给药,一周两次给药,双周给药和一月两次给药。在一周一次给药方案中,将以35mg/周或70mg/周的剂量给药三水合阿仑膦酸一钠。
“选择性雌激素受体调节剂”是指其干预或抑制雌激素结合至受体的化合物,而不管其机理。雌激素受体调节剂的实例包括但不限于雌激素、孕激素、雌二醇、屈洛昔芬、雷洛昔芬、拉索昔芬、TSE-424、它莫昔芬、艾多昔芬、LY353381、LY117081、托瑞米芬、氟维司群、4-[7-(2,2-二甲基-1-氧代丙氧基-4-甲基-2-[4-[2-(1-哌啶基)乙氧基]苯基]-2H-1-苯并吡喃-3-基]-苯基-2,2-二甲基丙酸酯、4,4’-二羟基二苯甲酮-2,4-二硝基苯基-腙和SH646。
“雌激素受体β调节剂”是选择性激动(agonize)或拮抗雌激素受体β(ERβ)的化合物。激动ERβ通过ERβ介导活动增加色氨酸羟化酶基因(TPH,血清素合成中的关键酶)的转录。雌激素受体β激动剂的实例可以见于2001年11月8日公布的PCT国际公布WO01/82923和2002年5月20日公布的WO02/41835中,二者都通过引用以其全部并入本文。
“雄激素受体调节剂”是指其干预或抑制雄激素结合至受体的化合物,而不管其机理。雄激素受体调节剂的实例包括非那雄胺和其它5α-还原酶抑制剂、尼鲁米特、氟他米特、比卡鲁胺、利阿唑和阿比特龙乙酸酯/盐。
“破骨细胞质子ATP酶抑制剂”是指质子ATP酶的抑制剂,其见于破骨细胞的顶端膜,并且已经报道在骨吸收过程中起重要作用。该质子泵代表设计骨吸收抑制剂的有吸引力的目标,其潜在用于治疗和预防骨质疏松症和相关的代谢疾病。参见C.Farina等,“SelectiveinhibitorsoftheosteoclastvacuolarprotonATPaseasnovelboneantiresorptiveagents,”DDT,4:163-172(1999),其由此通过引用以其全部并入本文。
“HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂”是指3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰基CoA还原酶的抑制剂。对HMG-CoA还原酶具有抑制活性的化合物可以通过使用本领域公知的测定容易鉴别。例如参见在美国专利4,231,938第6列,和WO84/02131第30-33页中描述或引用的测定。当在本文中使用时,术语“HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂”和“HMG-CoA还原酶的抑制剂”具有相同含义。
可以使用的HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂的实例包括但不限于洛伐他汀(MEVACOR?;参见美国专利4,231,938、4,294,926和4,319,039)、辛伐他汀(ZOCOR?;参见美国专利4,444,784、4,820,850和4,916,239)、罗素伐他汀(特别是以CRESTOR?销售的钙盐)、普伐他汀(PRAVACHOL?;参见美国专利4,346,227、4,537,859、4,410,629、5,030,447和5,180,589)、氟伐他汀(LESCOL?;参见美国专利5,354,772、4,911,165、4,929,437、5,189,164、5,118,853、5,290,946和5,356,896)、阿托伐他汀(LIPITOR?;参见美国专利5,273,995、4,681,893、5,489,691和5,342,952)和西立伐他汀(也称为立伐他汀和BAYCHOL?;参见美国专利5,177,080)。可以用于本发明的方法的这些和额外的HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂的结构式描述在M.Yalpani,"CholesterolLoweringDrugs",Chemistry&Industry,第85-89页(1996年2月5日)的第87页和美国专利4,782,084和4,885,314中。本文所用的术语HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂包括具有HMG-CoA还原酶抑制活性的化合物的所有药物上可接受的内酯和开环酸形式(即内酯环打开以形成游离酸时)以及盐和酯形式,并且因此这样的盐、酯、开环酸和内酯形式的应用被包括在本发明的范围内。内酯部分及其相应的开环酸形式的举例说明如下所示为结构I和II。
在开环酸形式可以存在的HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂中,可以优选由开环酸形成盐和酯形式,并且所有这样的形式被包括在本文所用的术语“HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂”的含义内。优选地,HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂选自洛伐他汀和辛伐他汀,并最优选辛伐他汀。在本文中,关于HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂的术语“药物上可接受的盐”将表示用于本发明的化合物的无毒盐,其通常通过使游离酸与合适的有机或无机碱反应来制备,其特别是由阳离子,例如钠、钾、铝、钙、锂、镁、锌和四甲基铵形成的那些,以及由胺,例如氨、乙二胺、N-甲基葡糖胺、赖氨酸、精氨酸、鸟氨酸、胆碱、N,N’-二苄基乙二胺、氯普鲁卡因、二乙醇胺、普鲁卡因、N-苄基苯乙胺、1-对-氯苄基-2-吡咯烷-1’-基-甲基苯并-咪唑、二乙胺、哌嗪和三(羟甲基)甲胺形成的那些盐。HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂的盐形式的进一步实例可以包括但不限于乙酸盐、苯磺酸盐、苯甲酸盐、碳酸氢盐、硫酸氢盐、酒石酸氢盐、硼酸盐、溴化物、乙二胺四乙酸钙、右旋樟脑磺酸盐(camsylate)、碳酸盐、氯化物、克拉维酸盐、柠檬酸盐、二盐酸盐、乙二胺四乙酸盐、乙二磺酸盐、十二烷基硫酸盐(estolate)、乙磺酸盐、延胡索酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐、葡糖酸盐、谷氨酸盐、乙醇酰基阿散酸盐(glycollylarsanilate)、己基间苯二酚盐(hexylresorcinate)、hydrabamine、氢溴酸盐、盐酸盐、羟基萘甲酸盐(hydroxynapthoate)、碘化物、异硫代硫酸盐、乳酸盐、乳糖酸盐、月桂酸盐、苹果酸盐、马来酸盐、扁桃酸盐、甲磺酸盐、甲基硫酸盐、粘酸盐、萘磺酸盐、硝酸盐、油酸盐、草酸盐、帕莫酸盐(pamaote)、棕榈酸盐、泛酸盐(panthothenate)、磷酸盐/磷酸氢盐、聚半乳糖醛酸盐、水杨酸盐、硬脂酸盐、碱式乙酸盐、琥珀酸盐、单宁酸盐、酒石酸盐、茶氯酸盐(teoclate)、甲苯磺酸盐、三乙基碘化物(triethiodide)和戊酸盐。
描述的HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂化合物的酯衍生物可以充当前药,当吸收入温血动物的血流中时,其可以以使得释放药物形式并允许药物提供改善的治疗效果的方式裂开。
如上文所用的“整联蛋白受体拮抗剂”是指选择性拮抗、抑制或阻碍将生理上的配体结合至αvβ3整联蛋白的化合物,选择性拮抗、抑制或阻碍将生理上的配体结合至αvβ5整联蛋白的化合物,拮抗、抑制或阻碍将生理上的配体结合至αvβ3整联蛋白和αvβ5整联蛋白两者的化合物和拮抗、抑制或阻碍表达在毛细血管内皮细胞上的一种或多种特定整联蛋白活性的化合物。该术语还表示αvβ6、αvβ8、α1β1、α2β1、α5β1、α6β1和α6β4整联蛋白的拮抗剂。该术语还表示αvβ3、αvβ5、αvβ6、αvβ8、α1β1、α2β1、α5β1、α6β1和α6β4整联蛋白的任何组合的拮抗剂。H.N.Lode和合作者在PNASUSA96:1591-1596(1999)中已经观察到在消除自发性肿瘤转移中抗血管生成αv整联蛋白拮抗剂和肿瘤特异性抗体-细胞因子(白细胞介素-2)融合蛋白之间的协同作用。他们的结果建议该组合具有治疗癌症和转移瘤生长的可能性。αvβ3整联蛋白受体拮抗剂通过不同于所有目前可用药物的新机理抑制骨吸收。整联蛋白是介导细胞-细胞和细胞-基质相互作用的异二聚体跨膜粘附受体。α和β整联蛋白亚单元非共价地相互作用并以依赖二价阳离子的方式结合细胞外基质配体。破骨细胞上最丰富的整联蛋白是αvβ3(>107/破骨细胞),其看起来在对细胞迁移和极化重要的细胞支架组织中起速率限制作用。αvβ3拮抗作用选自抑制骨吸收、抑制再狭窄、抑制黄斑变性、抑制关节炎和抑制癌症和转移性生长。
“成骨细胞合成代谢剂”是指构造骨骼的试剂,例如PTH。甲状旁腺素(PTH)或其氨基末端片段和类似物的间歇性给药已经显示在动物和人类中预防、阻止、部分逆转骨流失和刺激骨形成。为讨论可参考D.W.Dempster等“Anabolicactionsofparathyroidhormoneonbone,”EndocrRev14:690-709(1993)。研究已经表明甲状旁腺素在刺激骨形成和由此增加骨质量和强度的临床益处。结果由RMNeer等在NewEngJMed3441434-1441(2001)中报道。
此外,已经表明甲状旁腺素相关的蛋白质片段或类似物,例如PTHrP-(1-36)的有效抗尿钙(anticalciuric)作用[参见M.A.Syed等“Parathyroidhormone-relatedprotein-(1-36)stimulatesrenaltubularcalciumreabsorptioninnormalhumanvolunteers:implicationsforthepathogenesisofhumoralhypercalcemiaofmalignancy,”JCEM86:1525-1531(2001)],并且还可能具有作为用于治疗骨质疏松症的合成代谢剂的可能性。
“维生素D”包括但不限于维生素D3(胆钙化醇)和维生素D2(麦角钙化醇),其是维生素D:1α-羟基维生素D、25-羟基维生素D和1α,25-二羟基维生素D的羟基化生物活性代谢产物的天然存在的生物上非活性的前体。维生素D2和维生素D3在人类中具有相同的生物功效。当维生素D2或D3进入循环时,其被细胞色素P450-维生素D-25-羟化酶羟基化以产生25-羟基维生素D。25-羟基维生素D代谢产物是生物惰性的并且在肾脏中被细胞色素P450-单氧酶25(OH)D-1α–羟化酶进一步羟基化以产生1,25-二羟基维生素D。当血清钙减少时,存在甲状旁腺素(PTH)产生的增加,其通过增加25-羟基维生素D至1,25-二羟基维生素D的转化来调节钙稳态并增加血浆钙水平。
认为1,25-二羟基维生素D是维生素D对钙和骨骼代谢的作用的原因。1,25-二羟基代谢产物是保持钙吸收和骨骼完整性所需要的活性激素。通过诱导单核细胞干细胞分化成破骨细胞和通过保持钙在正常范围由1,25-二羟基维生素D保持钙稳态,这通过使羟基磷灰石钙沉积在骨表面上导致骨矿化,参见Holick,MF,VitaminDphotobiology,metabolism,andclinicalapplications,In:DeGrootL,BesserH,BurgerHG,egal.,eds.Endocrinology,第3版,990-1013(1995)。然而,1α,25-二羟基维生素D3的升高的水平可以导致血液中钙浓度的增加和通过骨代谢的钙浓度的反常控制,导致高钙血症。1α,25-二羟基维生素D3还间接调节骨代谢中的破骨细胞活性并且可以期望升高的水平增加骨质疏松症中的过度的骨吸收。
“合成维生素D类似物”包括与维生素D作用相似的非天然存在的化合物。
“非甾类抗炎药”或NSAID通过环氧酶(COX)-1和COX-2抑制花生四烯酸至促炎性前列腺素的代谢。NSAID的非限制性实例包括:阿司匹林、布洛芬、萘普生、双氯芬酸、依托度酸、非诺洛芬、氟比洛芬、吲哚美辛、酮基布洛芬、酮洛酸、美洛昔康、萘丁美酮、奥沙普秦、吡罗昔康、舒林酸、托美汀、二氟尼柳、甲氯芬那酸和苯基丁氮酮。
“选择性环氧酶-2抑制剂”或COX-2抑制剂是指一类抑制COX-2辅酶(其引起体内疼痛和发炎)的非甾类抗炎药(NSAID)。COX-2抑制剂的非限制性实例包括:塞来昔布、依托昔布、帕瑞昔布、罗非昔布、伐地昔布和罗美昔布。
“白细胞介素-1β抑制剂”或IL-1β是指IL-1的抑制剂,IL-1是由单核细胞、巨噬细胞和激活T-淋巴细胞并使其响应丝裂原或抗原成为可能的其它细胞产生的可溶性因子。IL-1β抑制剂的非限制性实例包括双醋瑞因和大黄酸。
“LOX/COX抑制剂”是指花生四烯酸途径中涉及的所有三种主要酶即5-LOX、COX-1和COX-2的抑制剂。LOX/COX抑制剂的非限制性实例是利克飞龙。
如果作为固定剂量配制,则这样的组合产品使用下述剂量范围内的本发明的化合物和其批准剂量范围内的一种或多种其它药物上的活性剂。当组合制剂不合适时,本发明的化合物可以替代地与一种或多种已知的药物上可接受的试剂相继使用。
关于本发明的化合物的术语“给药”及其变体(例如“给药”一种化合物)是指将化合物或化合物的前药引入需要治疗的动物的体系内。当本发明的化合物或其前药与一种或多种其它活性剂(例如细胞毒性剂等)组合提供时,“给药”及其变体每次理解为包括同时和相继引入化合物或其前药和其它试剂。本发明在其范围内包括本发明的化合物的前药。通常,这样的前药将是本发明的化合物的功能性衍生物,其容易体内转化成所需的化合物。因此,在本发明的治疗方法中,术语“给药”将包括用特定公开的化合物或用可以不特定公开的化合物,但其在给药至患者后体内转化成特定化合物治疗描述的各种病情。用于选择和制备合适的前药衍生物的常规步骤描述在例如"DesignofProdrugs,"H.Bundgaard编辑,Elsevier,1985中,通过引用以其全部并入本文。这些化合物的代谢产物包括当将本发明的化合物引入生物环境时产生的活性物质。
本文所用的术语“组合物”意在包括以特定的量包含特定成分的产品以及直接或间接来自特定量的特定成分的组合的任何产品。
本文所用的术语“治疗有效量”是指引起由研究者、兽医、医师或其它临床医生寻找的组织、系统、动物或人类中的生物或药物反应的活性化合物或药物试剂的量。
本文所用的术语疾病的“治疗”包括:抑制疾病,即阻止或减少疾病或其临床症状的发展;或减轻疾病,即引起疾病或其临床症状的消退。
本文所用的术语疾病的“预防”包括:使疾病的临床症状不在可能遭受或易患疾病但尚未经历或显示疾病症状的哺乳动物中发展。
本文所用的术语“骨吸收”是指破骨细胞通过其使骨骼退化的过程。
本发明还包括用于治疗骨质疏松症或其它骨失调的药物组合物,其包括给药治疗有效量的本发明的式I的化合物,含有或不含有药物上可接受的载体或稀释剂。本发明的合适的组合物包括包含本发明的化合物和药物上可接受的载体,例如盐水,在例如7.4的pH水平下的水溶液。可以通过局部推注将该溶液引入患者血流内。
当将根据本发明的化合物给药至受试人类时,日剂量将通常由处方医师决定,剂量通常根据个体患者的年龄、体重和反应以及患者症状的严重性而变化。
在一个示例应用中,将合适量的化合物给药至正在经历组织蛋白酶依赖性病情治疗的哺乳动物。当用于指示的效果时,本发明的口服剂量将为约0.01mg每kg体重每天(mg/kg/day)至约100mg/kg/day,优选0.01至10mg/kg/day,并最优选0.1至5.0mg/kg/day。对于口服给药,优选以包含0.01、0.05、0.1、0.5、1.0、2.5、5.0、10.0、15.0、25.0、50.0、100和500毫克的用于待治疗的患者的症状调节剂量的活性成分的片剂的形式提供该组合物。药剂通常包含约0.01mg至约500mg的活性成分,优选约1mg至约100mg的活性成分。静脉内注射的最优选剂量将为在恒速输液期间约0.1至约10mg/kg/分钟。有利地,本发明的化合物可以以单一日剂量给药,或者总日剂量可以以一日两次、三次或四次的分剂量给药。此外,本发明的优选化合物可以通过局部使用合适的鼻内载体以鼻内形式或通过经皮路径(使用本领域一般技术人员公知的那些形式的经皮皮肤贴)给药。为了以经皮递送系统的形式给药,给药剂量在给药方案自始至终当然将是连续的而不是间歇的。
本发明的化合物可以与用于治疗组织蛋白酶介导的病情的其它试剂组合使用。这样的组合的单独组分可以在疗程期间在不同时间单独给药或者同时以分开或单一组合的形式给药。因此本发明应理解为包括所有这样的同时或交替治疗的方案并且术语“给药”应相应地进行解释。将理解的是本发明的化合物与用于治疗组织蛋白酶介导的病情的其它试剂组合的范围原则上包括与用于治疗与雌激素功能相关的失调的任何药物组合物的任何组合。
因此本发明的范围包括式I的化合物与选自以下的第二试剂组合的用途:有机双膦酸酯/盐、选择性雌激素受体调节剂、雄激素受体调节剂、破骨细胞质子ATP酶抑制剂、HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂、整联蛋白受体拮抗剂、成骨细胞合成代谢剂例如PTH、维生素D、合成维生素D类似物、非甾类抗炎药、选择性环氧酶-2抑制剂、白细胞介素-1β抑制剂、LOX/COX抑制剂和其药物上可接受的盐和混合物。
本发明的这些和其它方面从本文包含的教导将是明显的。
定义
本发明的化合物可以包含一个或多个不对称中心,并且因此可以外消旋物和外消旋混合物、单一对映体、非对映体混合物和单独非对映体的形式出现。取决于分子上各种取代基的性质,可以存在额外的不对称中心。每个这样的不对称中心将独立地产生两种光学异构体,并且意图是混合物中的所有可能的光学异构体和非对映体并作为纯的或部分纯化的化合物包括在本发明的范围内。除非指定特定的立体化学体,本发明意在包含这些化合物的所有这样的异构体形式。
这些非对映体的独立合成或其色谱分离可以如本领域已知的通过本文公开的方法的合适的修改实现。可以通过结晶产物或结晶中间产物(如果必要,将其用包含已知绝对构型的不对称中心的试剂衍生)的x-射线结晶学确定它们的绝对立体化学。
如果需要,可以分离化合物的外消旋混合物使得各对映体是分离的。该分离可以通过本领域公知的方法进行,例如将化合物的外消旋混合物偶合至对映体方面纯的化合物以形成非对映体混合物,然后通过标准方法,例如分级结晶或色谱法分离各个非对映体。偶合反应经常是使用对映体方面纯的酸或碱形成盐。然后可以通过裂开添加的手性残基将非对映体衍生物转化成纯对映体。还可以通过使用手性固定相的色谱法直接分离该化合物的外消旋混合物,该方法在本领域是公知的。
或者,可以通过本领域公知的方法,使用具有已知构型的光学纯的起始材料或试剂通过立体选择合成获得该化合物的任何对映体。
在式I的化合物中,原子可以显示其天然同位素丰度,或者一种或多种原子可以对具有相同原子序数,但原子质量或质量数不同于在自然界中主要发现的原子质量或质量数的特定同位素进行人工富集。本发明意在包括通式I的化合物的所有合适的同位素变体。例如,氢(H)的不同同位素形式包括氕(1H)和氘(2H)。氕是自然界中发现的主要的氢同位素。氘的富集可以提供某些治疗优点,例如增加体内半衰期或降低剂量要求,或可以提供用作用于表征生物样品的标准的化合物。可以不用过度实验,通过本领域技术人员公知的常规技术或通过类似于本文中的方案和实施例中描述的方法,使用适当的同位素富集的试剂和/或中间物制备通式I范围内的同位素富集的化合物。
式I中定义的化合物的互变异构体也包括在本发明的范围内。例如,包含羰基–CH2C(O)-基团(酮形式)的化合物可以经历互变异构以形成羟基–CH=C(OH)-基团(烯醇形式)。酮和烯醇形式两种都包括在本发明的范围内。
当任何变量(例如R3等)在任何成分中出现多于一次时,每次出现时其定义独立于其它每次出现时的定义。另外,只有当这样的组合导致稳定化合物时,取代基和变量的组合才是允许的。从取代基连接至环系的线表示所指的键可以连接至任何可取代环原子。如果环系是双环的,意图是该键可连接至该双环部分的任一环上的任何合适的原子。
应理解的是,可以由本领域一般技术人员将一个或多个硅(Si)原子并入本发明的化合物,代替一个或多个碳原子以提供化学稳定的、并且可以通过本领域已知技术由容易得到的起始材料合成的化合物。一个实例是硅杂环己烷(silinane)。当比较类似的碳-元素和硅-元素键时,碳和硅的不同在于它们的共价半径,导致键距和空间排列的不同。当与碳比较时,这些不同导致含硅化合物的尺寸和形状的微小变化。本领域一般技术人员将理解的是尺寸和形状差异可以导致效力、溶解度、缺乏脱靶活性、包装性质等方面的微小或显著变化。(Diass,J.O.等Organometallics(2006)5:1188-1198;;Showell,G.A.等Bioorganic&MedicinalChemistryLetters(2006)16:2555-2558)。
应理解的是,本领域一般技术人员可以选择本发明的化合物上的取代基和取代形式以提供化学稳定的、并且可以通过本领域已知技术以及下述方法由容易得到的起始材料合成的化合物。如果取代基本身被多于一个基团取代,应理解的是,这些多个基团可以在相同碳或不同碳上,只要产生稳定结构。短语“任选被一个或多个取代基取代”应理解为表示考虑的基团未被取代或可以被一个或多个取代基取代。
“Celite?”(Fluka)硅藻土是硅藻土,并且可以称为“celite”。
除非另有说明,本文所用的“烷基”意在包括具有1至10个碳原子的支链和直链饱和脂族烃基团二者。例如,“C1-C10烷基”中的C1-C10定义为包括具有1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10个碳的直链或支链排列的基团。例如,“C1-C10烷基”具体包括甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基等。
除非另有说明,术语“卤代烷基”是指被1至5,优选1至3个卤素取代的如上所述烷基。代表性实例包括但不限于二氟甲基、三氟甲基、三氟乙基、全氟乙基、二氯乙基等。
术语“环烷基”是指具有规定碳原子数的单环或双环饱和脂族烃基团。例如,“环烷基”包括环丙基、甲基-环丙基、2,2-二甲基-环丁基、2-乙基-环戊基、环己基等。术语“环烷基”包括桥系统,其包括双环[1.1.1]戊基、双环[3.1.0]己基、氮杂双环[3.2.1]庚基和双环[3.2.1]辛基。
如果没有规定碳原子数,术语“烯基”是指含有2至10个碳原子和至少一个碳碳双键的直链或支链非芳族烃基团。优选存在1个碳碳双键,并且可以存在多至4个非芳族碳碳双键。因此“C2-C6烯基”是指具有2至6个碳原子的烯基。烯基包括乙烯基、丙烯基、丁烯基和环己烯基。如以上关于烷基所述,烯基的直链或支链部分可以包含双键并且(如果表明是取代的烯基)可以被取代。
如果没有规定碳原子数,则术语“炔基”是指含有2至10个碳原子和至少一个碳碳三键的直链或支链非芳族烃基团。优选存在1个碳碳三键,并且可以存在多至4个非芳族碳碳三键。因此,“C2-C6炔基”是指具有2-6个碳原子的炔基。炔基包括乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基和环己炔基。如以上关于烷基所述,炔基的直链或支链部分可以包含三键并且(如果表明是取代的炔基)可以被取代。
本文所用的“芳基”意在表示每个环中具有多至12个原子的任何稳定的单环或双环碳环,其中至少一个环是芳族的。这样的芳基元素的实例包括苯基、萘基、四氢萘基、2,3-二氢化茚基、联苯基、菲基、蒽基或苊基(acenaphthyl)。
本文所用的术语“杂芳基”表示每个环中具有多至10个原子的稳定的单环、双环或三环,其中至少一个环是芳族的并且含有1至4个选自O、N和S的杂原子。术语“杂芳基”包括双环,其中一个环是芳族的而另一个不是;在这些例子中,一个或多个杂原子可以在芳族或非芳族环中,例如二氢吲哚基。该定义范围内的杂芳基包括但不限于:苯并咪唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并呋咱基(benzofurazanyl)、苯并吡唑基、苯并三唑基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噁唑基、咔唑基、咔啉基、噌啉基、呋喃基、二氢吲哚基、吲哚基、吲嗪基(indolazinyl)、吲唑基、异苯并呋喃基、异吲哚基、异喹啉基、异噻唑基、异噁唑基、萘吡啶基(naphthapyridinyl)、噁二唑基、噁唑基、噁唑啉、异噁唑啉、吡喃基、吡嗪基、吡唑基、哒嗪基、吡啶并吡啶基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡咯基、喹唑啉基、喹啉基、喹喔啉基、四唑基、四唑并吡啶基、噻二唑基、噻唑基、噻吩基、三唑基、二氢苯并咪唑基、二氢苯并呋喃基、二氢苯并噻吩基、二氢苯并噁唑基、二氢吲哚基、二氢喹啉基、亚甲基二氧苯、苯并噻唑基、苯并噻吩基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、噁唑基和四氢喹啉。如果杂芳基含有氮原子,则理解为本定义也包括其相应的N-氧化物。
除非另有说明,本文所用的术语“杂环”或“杂环基”意在表示包含1至4个选自O、N、S、SO或SO2的杂原子并包含双环基团的5至10元非芳族环。因此“杂环基”包括但不限于以下:哌嗪基、哌啶基、吡咯烷基、吗啉基、硫代吗啉基、二氧化吗啉基(dioxidomorpholinyl)、亚氨基氧化硫代吗啉基、四氢吡喃基、二氢哌啶基、四氢噻吩基等。如果杂环包含氮原子,则理解的是本定义也包括其相应的N-氧化物。
如本领域技术人员意识到的,本文所用的“卤代”或“卤素”意在包括氯代、氟代、溴代和碘代。
在某些情况下,取代基可以用包括0的碳范围限定,例如(C0-C6)亚烷基-芳基。如果芳基是苯基,则该定义将包括苯基本身以及-CH2Ph,-CH2CH2Ph,CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)Ph等。
本发明还包括式I的化合物的N-氧化物衍生物和受保护的衍生物。例如,当式I的化合物包含可氧化氮原子时,可以通过本领域公知的方法将该氮原子转化成N-氧化物。以及当式I的化合物包含例如羟基、羧基、硫醇或含有一个或多个氮原子的任何基团的基团时,这些基团可以被合适的保护基团保护。合适的保护基团的综合列表可见于T.W.Greene,ProtectiveGroupsinOrganicSynthesis,JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.1981,其公开内容通过引用以其全部并入本文。可以通过本领域公知的方法制备式I的化合物的受保护的衍生物。
本文所用的“药物上可接受的盐”是指其中母体化合物通过制备其酸或碱盐被改性的衍生物。固体形式的盐可以存在多于一种晶体结构,并且还可以是水合物的形式。药物上可接受的盐的实例包括但不限于碱性残基如胺的无机或有机酸盐;酸性残基如羧酸的碱性或有机盐等。药物上可接受的盐包括由例如无毒无机或有机酸形成的母体化合物的常规无毒盐或季铵盐。例如,这样的常规无毒盐包括衍生自无机酸,例如盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、氨基磺酸、磷酸、硝酸等的那些和由有机酸,例如乙酸、丙酸、琥珀酸、乙醇酸、硬脂酸、乳酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、抗坏血酸、帕莫酸(pamoic)、马来酸、羟基马来酸、苯乙酸、谷氨酸、苯甲酸、水杨酸、磺胺酸、2-乙酰氧基苯甲酸、富马酸、甲苯磺酸、甲磺酸、乙二磺酸、草酸、羟乙磺酸等制备的盐。衍生自无机碱的盐包括铝盐、铵盐、钙盐、铜盐、铁盐、亚铁盐、锂盐、镁盐、三价锰盐、二价锰盐、钾盐、钠盐、锌盐等。
当本发明的化合物是碱性时,可以由药物上可接受的无毒酸,包括无机和有机酸制备该盐。这样的酸包括乙酸、苯磺酸、苯甲酸、樟脑磺酸、柠檬酸、乙磺酸、富马酸、葡糖酸、谷氨酸、氢溴酸、盐酸、羟乙磺酸、乳酸、马来酸、苹果酸、扁桃酸、甲磺酸、粘酸、硝酸、帕莫酸、泛酸、磷酸、琥珀酸、硫酸、酒石酸、对甲苯磺酸等。在本发明的一个方面,所述盐是柠檬酸、氢溴酸、盐酸、马来酸、磷酸、硫酸、富马酸和酒石酸盐。将理解的是如本文所用的,提及式I的化合物意在也包括药物上可接受的盐。
就本发明书而言,以下缩写具有指明的含义:
Bn=苄基
CuCN=氰化铜(I)
DAST=二乙氨基三氟化硫
DCE=1,2-二氯乙烷
DCM=二氯甲烷
DIEA=二异丙基乙胺
DIPEA=二异丙基乙胺
DMF=N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
DMSO=二甲亚砜
DTT=二硫代苏糖醇
EDTA=乙二胺四乙酸
EtOAc=乙酸乙酯
Et3N=三乙胺
EtOH=乙醇
HATU=2-(3H-[1,2,3]三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶-3-基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基异脲鎓六氟磷酸盐(V)
HBTU=O-?(苯并三唑-?1-基)?-N,N,N′,N′-四甲基脲鎓六氟磷酸盐(V)
Hunig碱=二异丙基乙胺
HPLC=高效液相色谱
IPA=异丙醇
LG=离去基团
Lawesson试剂=2,4-双(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,2,4-二硫杂二磷杂环丁烷2,4-二硫化物
MeCN=乙腈
MeOH=甲醇
MES=2-(N-吗啉代)乙磺酸
MTBE=甲基叔-丁基醚
NCS=N-氯琥珀酰亚胺
PdCl2(dppf)=[1,1’-双(二苯基膦基)二茂铁]二氯钯(II)
PG=保护基团
Ph=苯基
Pr2Net=N,N-二异丙基乙胺
RT或rt=室温
sat.aq.=饱和水溶液
SFC=超临界流体色谱
TBAF=四丁基氟化铵
TFA=三氟乙酸
THF=四氢呋喃
Tlc=薄层色谱
Me=甲基
Et=乙基
n-Pr=正丙基
i-Pr=异丙基
n-Bu=正丁基
i-Bu=异丁基
s-Bu=仲丁基
t-Bu=叔-丁基。
本申请公开的化合物在以下测定中显示活性。此外,本申请公开的化合物相对于之前公开的化合物具有提高的药理特性。
组织蛋白酶K测定(hrbCatK)
在二甲亚砜(DMSO)中制备测试化合物的从500μM下至0.025μM的连续稀释物(1/3)。然后将来自各稀释物的0.5μL的DMSO添加到18.75μL的测定缓冲液(MES,50mM(pH5.5);EDTA,2.5mM;DTT,2.5mM和10%DMSO)中,在测定缓冲液中包含人类组织蛋白酶K(0.4nM)。将测定溶液在振动盘上混合5-10秒并在室温下培养15分钟。将6.25μL测定缓冲液中的Z-Leu-Arg-AMC(8μM)添加到测定溶液中。香豆素离去基团(AMC)的水解后是30分钟的荧光光谱法(Exλ=360nm;Emλ=460nm)。通过将实验值拟合至剂量响应曲线的标准数学模型来计算抑制百分数。
组织蛋白酶L测定
在二甲亚砜(DMSO)中制备测试化合物的从500μM下至0.025μM的连续稀释物(1/3)。然后将来自各稀释物的0.5μL的DMSO添加到18.75μL的测定缓冲液(MES,50mM(pH5.5);EDTA,2.5mM;DTT,2.5mM和10%DMSO)中,在测定缓冲液中包含人类组织蛋白酶L(0.027nM)。将测定溶液在振动盘上混合5-10秒并在室温下培养15分钟。将6.25μL测定缓冲液中的Z-Leu-Arg-AMC(8μM)添加到测定溶液中。香豆素离去基团(AMC)的水解后是30分钟的荧光光谱法(Exλ=360nm;Emλ=460nm)。通过将实验值拟合至剂量响应曲线的标准数学模型来计算抑制百分数。
组织蛋白酶B测定
在二甲亚砜(DMSO)中制备测试化合物的从500μM下至0.025μM的连续稀释物(1/3)。然后将来自各稀释物的0.5μL的DMSO添加到18.75μL的测定缓冲液(MES,50mM(pH5.5);EDTA,2.5mM;DTT,2.5mM和10%DMSO)中,在测定缓冲液中包含人类组织蛋白酶B(0.1nM)。将测定溶液在振动盘上混合5-10秒并在室温下培养15分钟。将6.25μL测定缓冲液中的Boc-Leu-Lys-Arg-AMC(8μM)添加到测定溶液中。香豆素离去基团(AMC)的水解后是30分钟的荧光光谱法(Exλ=360nm;Emλ=460nm)。通过将实验值拟合至剂量响应曲线的标准数学模型来计算抑制百分数。
组织蛋白酶S测定
在二甲亚砜(DMSO)中制备测试化合物的从500μM下至0.025μM的连续稀释物(1/3)。然后将来自各稀释物的0.5μL的DMSO添加到18.75μL的测定缓冲液(MES,50mM(pH5.5);EDTA,2.5mM;DTT,2.5mM和10%DMSO)中,在测定缓冲液中包含人类组织蛋白酶S(0.66nM)。将测定溶液在振动盘上混合5-10秒并在室温下培养15分钟。将6.25μL测定缓冲液中的Z-Val-Val-Arg-AMC(8μM)添加到测定溶液中。香豆素离去基团(AMC)的水解后是20分钟的荧光光谱法(Exλ=360nm;Emλ=460nm)。通过将实验值拟合至剂量响应曲线的标准数学模型来计算抑制百分数。
组织蛋白酶F测定(hCatF)
在二甲亚砜(DMSO)中制备测试化合物的从500μM下至0.025μM的连续稀释物(1/3)。然后将来自各稀释物的0.5μL的DMSO添加到18.75μL的测定缓冲液(MES,50mM(pH5.5);EDTA,2.5mM;DTT,2.5mM和10%DMSO)中,在测定缓冲液中包含人类组织蛋白酶F(10nM)。将测定溶液在振动盘上混合5-10秒并在室温下培养15分钟。将6.25μL测定缓冲液中的Z-Phe-Arg-AMC(8μM)添加到测定溶液中。香豆素离去基团(AMC)的水解后是20分钟的荧光光谱法(Exλ=360nm;Emλ=460nm)。通过将实验值拟合至剂量响应曲线的标准数学模型来计算抑制百分数。
大鼠中的药代动力学
大鼠中的口服(PO)药代动力学
步骤:
根据GuidelinesoftheCanadianCouncilonAnimalCare收容、饲养和照顾动物。
在每次PO血液浓度研究之前使雄性SpragueDawley大鼠(250-400g)禁食过夜。将大鼠一次一只放在限制器中并将箱子牢固固定。通过在尾部顶端划开一小块(1mm或更小),然后用从上至下的有力但温和的动作摩擦尾部以挤出血液来得到零血液样品。将约0.5mL的血液收集在肝素化真空采血管中。
以10mL/kg的标准给药体积按要求制备化合物并通过经过16规格,3"强饲针进入食管来口服给药。
随后的血液收集以与零血液样品中相同的方式进行,除了不需要再次划开尾部。用一块纱布清洁尾部并如上所述挤/摩擦入合适的带标签的管中。
紧接着采样后,离心、分离血液,将血浆放入透明带标记的小瓶中并储存在冷冻箱中直至分析。
PO给药后用于确定大鼠血液浓度的典型时间点是:
0、15min、30min、1h、2h、4h、6h、8h、24h
在采血4h时间点后,向大鼠自由提供食物。研究期间一直提供水。
载体(vehicle):
以下载体(以相应的剂量体积)可用于PO大鼠血液浓度测定:
PEG200/300/400(水中0-60%):等于或小于10mL/kg
甲基纤维素(水中0.5%-1.0%):等于或小于10mL/kg
吐温80(水中1-10%):等于或小于10mL/kg。
用于PO血液浓度的化合物可以为悬浮液形式。为了更好的均匀性,可以将悬浮液放在超声波仪中大约5分钟。
为了分析,将等份试样用1.2至1.5体积的任选含有内标物的乙腈稀释并离心以除去蛋白质沉淀物。将上清液直接注在具有质谱(MS)或紫外吸收(UV)或荧光(Fluo)检测的C-18HPLC柱上。相对于使用加入任选含有内标物的乙腈中的已知量的药物的干净血液样品准备的标准曲线完成量化。将任选含有内标物的额外的乙腈添加至1.2至1.5体积的量的初始血液量以对应于对样品完成的操作。通过比较曲线下的面积(AUC)i.v.对p.o.测定生物利用度(F)
和AUC=(C1+C2)*(T2-T1)/2
其中C是在给定时间T通过MS或UV或Fluo测量的浓度。
大鼠中的静脉内药代动力学
步骤:
根据GuidelinesoftheCanadianCouncilonAnimalCare收容、饲养和照顾动物。
雄性SpragueDawley(325-375g)非禁食大鼠用于这些研究。
以1mL/kg的标准给药体积按要求制备化合物。
使用25规格针通过颈静脉完成有意识大鼠的静脉内给药。这构成零时间点。
通过在尾部顶端划开一小块(1-2mm)进行5min采血。然后用从尾部从上至下的有力但温和的动作摩擦尾部以从尾部挤出血液。将约0.5mL的血液收集在肝素化收集小瓶中。
然后以相同方式采血,除了不需要再次划开尾部。用一块纱布清洁尾部并如上所述采血至合适的带标签的管中。
I.V.给药后用于确定大鼠血液浓度的典型时间点是:
0、5min、15min、30min、1h、2h、4h、6h
或0、5min、30min、1h、2h、4h、6h、8h、24h
载体:
以下载体可用于IV大鼠血液浓度测定:
右旋糖:1mL/kg
Moleculosol25%:1mL/kg
DMSO(二甲亚砜):受限于10%剂量体积直至0.1mL每千克动物
PEG200:不多于80%与20%无菌水混合-1mL/kg。
采用右旋糖,如果溶液浑浊则可添加碳酸氢钠。
为了分析,将等份试样用1.2至1.5体积的任选含有内标物的乙腈稀释并离心以除去蛋白质沉淀物。将上清液直接注在具有质谱(MS)或紫外吸收(UV)或荧光(Fluo)检测的C-18HPLC柱上。相对于使用加入任选含有内标物的乙腈中的已知量的药物的干净血液样品准备的标准曲线完成量化。将任选含有内标物的额外的乙腈添加至1.2至1.5体积的量的初始血液量以对应于对样品完成的操作。通过比较曲线下的面积(AUC)i.v.对p.o.测定生物利用度(F)
和AUC=(C1+C2)*(T2-T1)/2
其中C是在给定时间T通过MS或UV或Fluo测量的浓度
肝细胞培养
对于大鼠肝细胞培养,首先在48孔盘中在37℃下在95%:5%O2:CO2(BOC气体:Montreal,Canada)下20分钟制备在0.5mL的Krebs-Henseleit缓冲液中稀释的1x106细胞,并将5μL的溶解在乙腈中的化合物的10mM溶液添加到每个孔中至最终浓度50μM。在37℃下在95%:5%O2:CO2气氛下培养2h后,在每个孔中添加一体积的乙腈。还制备加入母体化合物的淬灭培养和空白作为对照。一旦转移,使用Eppendorf5415C离心机(Hamburg,Germany)在14,000rpm下将样品离心10min,并将上清液用于LC/UV/MS分析。
方案1
可以根据方案1制备本发明的化合物。因此,可以通过用草酰氯处理将化合物1.1转化成酰基氯1.2。可以在氰化铜(I)二(氯化锂)络合物存在下用4-溴苄基溴化锌处理形成的酰基氯1.2形成化合物1.3。可以通过用溴或NCS卤化将酮1.3转化成化合物1.4。在用叠氮化钠处理1.4之后,可以通过与锌和氯化铵反应将化合物1.5还原成相应的胺。可以通过在酰胺偶合剂,例如但不限于HATU存在下,与酰基氯或相应的酸反应将胺的盐酸盐1.6转化成酰胺1.7。可以通过在脱水试剂,例如但不限于POCl3存在下使1.7分子内缩合形成取代的噁唑1.8。采用含水碱或酸的酯1.8的水解产生化合物1.9,其可以在酰胺偶合试剂存在下与相应的胺偶合,产生所需酰胺1.10。钯催化的化合物1.10与相应胺的胺化提供本发明的化合物1.11。
方案2
也可以根据方案2制备本发明的化合物。在氰化铜(I)二(氯化锂)络合物存在下的酰基氯1.2与(4-(叔-丁氧羰基)苄基)溴化锌(II)的反应产生化合物2.1。采用TFA的叔丁酯的水解提供苯甲酸衍生物2.2,其通过在酰胺偶合剂,例如但不限于HBTU存在下与相应酰胺反应转化成酰胺2.3。通过用溴或NCS卤化苄基位置,然后用叠氮化钠取代,然后用Zn和氯化铵将叠氮化物还原成相应的胺而将酰胺2.3转化成化合物2.4。通过与五氟丙酸酐反应将胺2.4转化成双酰胺2.5。在甲醇中用碳酸钾部分去保护产生取代的噁唑2.6。采用含水碱或酸进行酯官能的水解产生酸2.7,其可以在酰胺偶合剂,例如但不限于HATU存在下与胺偶合,产生本发明所需的化合物2.8。
方案3
也可以根据方案3制备本发明的化合物。通过与五氟丙酸酐反应将胺的盐酸盐1.6转化成双-五氟丙酰胺,然后在甲醇中用碳酸钾部分去保护产生取代的噁唑3.1。采用含水碱或酸进行酯官能的水解产生化合物3.2,其可以在酰胺偶合剂,例如但不限于HATU存在下与胺偶合,产生酰胺3.3。溴化物3.3与相应的胺的钯催化的胺化反应提供本发明的化合物3.4。
方案4
也可以根据方案4制备本发明的化合物。通过与三光气反应将胺1.6转化成异氰酸酯4.1,然后用相应的胺处理产生取代的脲4.2。在脱水试剂,例如但不限于POCl3存在下进行4.2的分子内缩合提供取代的噁唑4.3。溴化物4.3与相应的胺的钯催化的胺化反应产生4.4。采用含水碱或酸的甲酯的水解,然后在酰胺偶合剂,例如但不限于HATU存在下进行与胺的偶合提供本发明的化合物4.5。
方案5
也可以根据方案5制备本发明的化合物。可以用Lawesson试剂处理化合物1.7,产生所需的取代的噻唑5.1。采用含水碱或酸进行5.1的甲酯的水解产生羧酸5.2,其可以在酰胺偶合剂,例如但不限于HATU存在下与相应的胺偶合。溴化物5.3与相应的胺的钯催化的胺化反应提供本发明的化合物5.4。
以下实施例描述本发明选择的化合物的合成:
中间产物的合成
中间产物1
(1R,2R)-2-(氯羰基)环己甲酸甲酯
步骤A:(1R,2R)-2-(甲氧羰基)环己甲酸
可以按照如J.Am.Chem.SOC.1995,117,10905-10913和HELVETICACHIMICAACTA-第70卷(1987),第142页中所述的相似程序由(1R,2S)-环己-4-烯-1,2-二甲酸二甲酯制备该化合物。
步骤B:(1R,2R)-2-(氯羰基)环己甲酸甲酯
向(1R,2R)-2-(甲氧羰基)环己甲酸(1.99g,10.69mmol)在甲苯(5mL)中的溶液添加草酰氯(1.424g,11.22mmol),并在rt下搅拌18h。将氮气鼓泡通过反应混合物20min,然后浓缩以产生无色液体,在没有进一步纯化的情况下使用该无色液体。
中间产物2
(4-(叔-丁氧羰基)苄基)溴化锌(II)
按照如Org.Lett.,2008,6,1107中所述的相似程序制备该化合物。
中间产物3
(1R,2R)-4,4-二氟-2-(甲氧羰基)环己甲酸
步骤A:(1R,2R)-4-氧代环己烷-1,2-二甲酸二甲酯
将外消旋4-氧代环己烷-1,2-二甲酸二甲酯(660g)装入11L的50mM磷酸盐缓冲液,pH=6.8。将酯酶K310-903(25mL)添加到溶液中并将所得的混合物在30℃下搅拌过夜。SFC显示反应完成。添加1NNaOH至pH=7,并将溶液用MTBE(4x8L)萃取。将组合的有机级分用盐水洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4)和过滤。通过蒸发除去溶剂,产生作为油的225g(34%收率,98%ee)的(1R,2R)-4-氧代环己烷-1,2-二甲酸二甲酯。
步骤B:(1R,2R)-4,4-二氟环己烷-1,2-二甲酸二甲酯
向Et3N.3HF(224g,1.38mol)在DCE(2.8L)中的溶液添加DAST.BF3(630g,2.74mol)。将所得的悬浮液搅拌10min,然后添加(1R,2R)-4-氧代环己烷-1,2-二甲酸二甲酯(280g,1.31mol)。将混合物在55℃下加热过夜。将反应混合物倒入饱和NaHCO3(5.6L)中,然后用DCM(2Lx3)萃取。将有机层干燥(Na2SO4),浓缩并通过快速色谱(石油醚/EtOAc=15:1)纯化以提供260g的淡黄色油。将黄色油溶解在4LDCM中。添加3L的5%KMnO4水溶液。将混合物在23℃下搅拌过夜。将有机层分离,用3L的5%KMnO4洗涤另外3小时。将有机层分离,用盐水洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4)并浓缩至干燥,产生作为白色固体的(1R,2R)-4,4-二氟环己烷-1,2-二甲酸二甲酯(230g,74.5%)。1HNMR400MHz(CDCl3):δ8.19-8.22(m,2H),7.83(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.65-7.69(m,1H),7.52-7.55(m,2H),7.37(s,1H),7.22(dd,J=8.1Hz,J=2.0Hz,1H),3.17-3.20(m,2H),2.73-2.76(m,2H)。
步骤C:(1R,2R)-4,4-二氟-2-(甲氧羰基)环己甲酸
将CalB酶(26.5mL)溶解在pH7.0的0.1M磷酸盐缓冲液(6.8L)中。将在DMSO(300mL)中的(1R,2R)-4,4-二氟环己烷-1,2-二甲酸二甲酯(100g)添加到反应混合物中并在25℃下搅拌6小时。将溶液用盐水(1L)洗涤和用MTBE(3L*4)萃取。将组合的有机层用盐水洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并浓缩至干燥,产生作为白色固体的(1R,2R)-4,4-二氟-2-(甲氧羰基)环己甲酸(90g,94%)。1HNMR400MHzCDCl3δ3.65(S,3H),2.93(m,1H),2.68(m,1H),2.39(m,1H),2.12(m,2H),1.74(m,3H)。
中间产物4
(1R,2R,4S)-4-氟-2-(甲氧羰基)环己甲酸
步骤A:(7R,8R)-1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-7,8-二甲酸二甲酯
向(1R,2R)-4-氧代环己烷-1,2-二甲酸二甲酯(300g,1.4mol)在甲苯(6L)中的溶液添加乙二醇(117ml,2.1mol)和TsOH(5.29g,0.028mol)。将所得的溶液回流6小时。将反应混合物冷却至23℃并用饱和NaHCO3(2x5L)和水洗涤一次。将有机层浓缩,产生作为黄色油的(7R,8R)-1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-7,8-二甲酸二甲酯(330g,91.2%)。
步骤B:(7R,8R)-7-(甲氧羰基)-1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-8-甲酸
在配备有顶架搅拌和pH恒定器(pHStat)的50L圆底烧瓶中,将NZL-102酶(60g(5g/L))溶解在24L的pH7的磷酸缓冲液中。逐滴添加1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-7,8-二甲酸(7R,8R)-二甲酯(300g,1.16mol)在300mL的DMSO中的溶液并在23℃下老化过夜。将反应混合物溶解在3:1EtOAc:IPA中,萃取,并将有机层用盐水洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4),过滤并浓缩,产生作为黄色固体的(7R,8R)-7-(甲氧羰基)-1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-8-甲酸(220g,77.5%)。
步骤C:(7R,8R)-1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-7,8-二甲酸8-苄酯7-甲酯
向(7R,8R)-7-(甲氧羰基)-1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-8-甲酸(2.9g,11.87mmol)在DMF(20ml)中的溶液添加K2CO3(2.461g,17.81mmol),然后是(溴甲基)苯(3.05g,17.81mmol)和KI(394mg,2.375mmol)。将所得的悬浮液在rt下搅拌过夜。将反应混合物用EtOAc萃取并通过快速色谱在硅胶上纯化,产生作为油的2.95g(74%)的(7R,8R)-1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-7,8-二甲酸8-苄酯7-甲酯。
步骤D:(1R,2R)-4-氧代环己烷-1,2-二甲酸1-苄酯2-甲酯
向(7R,8R)-1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-7,8-二甲酸8-苄酯7-甲酯(2.95g,8.82mmol)在丙酮(40ml)中的溶液添加1NHCl(40mL),并将所得的混合物在60℃下加热1小时。用EtOAc/水稀释反应混合物,将有机相干燥(Na2SO4),过滤和浓缩。通过快速色谱在硅胶上纯化残留物,产生作为透明油的2.56g(100%)的(1R,2R)-4-氧代环己烷-1,2-二甲酸1-苄酯2-甲酯。
步骤E:(1R,2R,4R)-4-羟基环己烷-1,2-二甲酸1-苄酯2-甲酯
用盐冰浴(~-5℃)冷却(1R,2R)-4-氧代环己烷-1,2-二甲酸1-苄酯2-甲酯(2.6g,8.96mmol)在THF(45ml)中的溶液并添加NaBH4(0.678g,17.91mmol)。将所得的溶液在0℃下搅拌2小时。小心用水和EtOAc将反应混合物淬灭。将有机层干燥(Na2SO4),过滤和浓缩。通过快速色谱在硅胶上纯化残留物,产生2.05g(78%)的所需醇(1R,2R,4R)-4-羟基环己烷-1,2-二甲酸1-苄酯2-甲酯。
步骤F:(1R,2R,4S)-4-氟环己烷-1,2-二甲酸1-苄酯2-甲酯
向吗啉代二氟亚锍(sulfonium)四氟硼酸盐(1.704g,7.01mmol)在DCM(4mL)中的溶液添加三乙胺三氢氟化物(2.261g,14.03mmol)。将所得的悬浮液在rt下搅拌10min并冷却至-78℃。在内部温度保持在<-40℃下添加(1R,2R,4R)-4-羟基环己烷-1,2-二甲酸1-苄酯2-甲酯(2.05g,7.01mmol)在DCM(10mL)中的溶液。将混合物在-40℃下搅拌~30min。在低温下用水淬灭反应。将分离的有机相用水、盐水洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4),过滤和浓缩。通过快速色谱在硅胶(ISCO柱,12g硅胶,0-20%EtOAc/庚烷)上纯化残留物,产生作为无色油的525mg(25.4%)的(1R,2R,4S)-4-氟环己烷-1,2-二甲酸1-苄酯2-甲酯。
步骤G:(1R,2R,4S)-4-氟-2-(甲氧羰基)环己甲酸
将Pd/C(10%)(122mg,0.115mmol)在EtOAc(1ml)中的悬浮液添加至(1R,2R,4S)-4-氟环己烷-1,2-二甲酸1-苄酯2-甲酯(675mg,2.293mmol)。将所得的悬浮液在1atmH2球(H2ballon)下搅拌5小时。将反应混合物过滤并浓缩以产生作为无色油的770mg(100%)的所需(1R,2R,4S)-4-氟-2-(甲氧羰基)环己甲酸。
中间产物5
(3R,4R)-4-(甲氧羰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸
步骤A:(1R,2S)-环己-4-烯-1,2-二甲酸1-苄酯2-甲酯
在50mL圆底烧瓶中放入(1R,6S)-6-(甲氧羰基l)环己-3-烯甲酸(2.40g,13.0mmol,1.00当量)在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(30mL)中的溶液。向该溶液添加碳酸钾(3.59g,26.0mmol,2.00当量)。然后伴随在环境温度下搅拌,逐滴添加苄基溴(3.34g,19.5mmol,1.50当量)。将反应混合物在环境温度下搅拌16h。将所得混合物用盐水(50mL)稀释和用乙酸乙酯(3x50mL)萃取。将组合的有机层在无水硫酸钠上干燥并过滤。在真空下浓缩滤液。将残留物施加在使用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(1:30-1:15)的硅胶柱色谱上。这产生作为无色油的3.20g(90%)的(1R,2S)-环己-4-烯-1,2-二甲酸1-苄酯2-甲酯:1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δppm7.43-7.30(m,5H),5.69(s,2H),5.14(s,2H),3.58(s,3H),3.14-3.05(m,2H),2.64-2.53(m,2H),2.42-2.34(m,2H);MS(ES,m/z):275.1(M+1)。
步骤B:(3R,4S)-双环[4.1.0]庚-3,4-二甲酸3-苄酯4-甲酯
在用氮气惰性气氛吹扫并保持氮气惰性气氛的500mL3颈圆底烧瓶中放入二乙基锌(在己烷中1M,46.8mL,4.00当量)在无水二氯甲烷(150mL)中的溶液。然后伴随在0℃下搅拌,逐滴添加三氟乙酸(5.34g,46.8mmol,4.00当量)。伴随在0℃下搅拌向该溶液逐滴添加二碘甲烷(12.5g,46.8mmol,4.00当量)并将混合物在0℃下搅拌15min。然后伴随在0℃下搅拌,逐滴添加(1R,2S)-环己-4-烯-1,2-二甲酸1-苄酯2-甲酯(3.20g,11.7mmol,1.00当量)在无水二氯甲烷(50mL)中的溶液。将反应混合物搅拌并缓慢温热至环境温度保持16h。通过添加水(300mL)将反应溶液淬灭并用二氯甲烷(3x200mL)萃取。将组合的有机层在无水硫酸钠上干燥并过滤。在真空下浓缩滤液。将残留物施加在使用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(1:20-1:10)的硅胶柱色谱上。这产生作为淡黄色油的3.10g(92%)的(3R,4S)双环[4.1.0]庚-3,4-二甲酸-3-苄酯4-甲酯:MS(ES,m/z):289.0(M+1)。
步骤C:(3R,4S)-4-(甲氧羰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸
在250mL圆底烧瓶中放入(3R,4S)-双环[4.1.0]庚-3,4-二甲酸3-苄酯4-甲酯(3.10g,10.8mmol,1.00当量)在甲醇(100mL)中的溶液,然后添加碳上10%的钯(0.300g,用大约55%水润湿)。将反应混合物用氢气排气3次并在氢气球下在环境温度下搅拌16h。过滤出固体。在真空下浓缩滤液。这产生作为无色油的2.10g(89%)的粗(3R,4S)-4-(甲氧羰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸,将其直接用于下一步而没有进一步纯化:MS(ES,m/z):199.2(M+1)。
步骤D:(3R,4R)-4-(甲氧羰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸
在用氮气惰性气氛吹扫并保持氮气惰性气氛的250mL3颈圆底烧瓶中放入无水甲醇(130mL)。然后在0℃下分若干份添加钠(2.00g,87.0mmol,8.21当量)。在环境温度下将所得的混合物搅拌30min直至钠消失。向该溶液添加(3R,4S)-4-(甲氧羰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸(2.10g,10.6mmol,1.00当量)在甲醇(20mL)中的溶液。将所得的溶液回流16h。将反应混合物冷却至0℃。用盐酸水溶液(1M)将pH值调节至4。用乙酸乙酯(3x200mL)萃取反应混合物。将组合的有机层在无水硫酸钠上干燥并过滤。在真空下浓缩滤液。将残留物施加在使用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(1:5-1:3)的硅胶柱色谱上。这产生作为淡黄色油的1.40g(60%)的(3R,4R)-4-(甲氧羰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸:1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm12.30-12.10(brs,1H),3.55(s,3H),2.36-2.25(m,3H),2.12-2.04(m,1H),1.79-1.74(m,1H),1.36-1.34(m,1H),0.99-0.95(m,2H),0.63-0.60(m,1H),0.10-0.08(m,1H);MS(ES,m/z):199.2(M+1)。
实施例1
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(3,4-二氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)
苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺(化合物1)
步骤A:(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯
1MCuCN.2LiCl的制备:在真空下在140℃下将CuCN(1.792g,20mmol)与LiCl(1.696g,40mmol)的混合物干燥5h。将混合物冷却至rt后,添加20mLTHF并在rt下搅拌过夜以产生淡绿色溶液。
向-25℃下的CuCN.2LiCl(1M,12.82mL)在THF中的溶液逐滴添加4-溴苄基溴化锌(0.5M,25.6mL)在THF中的溶液并搅拌15min。逐滴添加(1R,2R)-2-(氯羰基)环己甲酸甲酯(2.187g,10.69mmol)在THF(7mL)中的溶液并将所得的混合物在-25℃下搅拌5min,在0℃下搅拌15min和在rt下搅拌4h。在EtOAc和含水NH4OH-含水饱和NH4Cl(1:2v/v,200mL)之间分配反应混合物。用EtOAc(3x)萃取含水层。将组合的有机溶液在Na2SO4上干燥、过滤并浓缩。使用己烷中的3至15%EtOAc的线性梯度通过快速色谱(40gSiO2)进行纯化以产生白色固体(2.45g,67%)。
步骤B:(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-氯乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯
将(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯(5.9g,17.39mmol)和N-氯琥珀酰亚胺(2.79g,20.87mmol)在干DMF(25mL)中的溶液在65℃下加热1h,然后冷却至rt。在Na2S2O3饱和水溶液和EtOAc之间分配。用EtOAc(3x)萃取含水层。将组合的有机溶液用盐水洗涤,在Na2SO4上干燥,过滤并浓缩。使用己烷中的3至15%EtOAc的线性梯度通过快速色谱(120gSiO2)进行纯化以产生白色固体(5.83g,90%)。
步骤C:(1R,2R)-2-(2-叠氮基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯
向(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-氯乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯(4.794g,12.83mmol)在DMSO(30mL)中的溶液添加叠氮化钠(1.001g,15.4mmol)。将所得的混合物在rt下搅拌15min,用水稀释和用EtOAc(3x)萃取。将组合的有机溶液用盐水洗涤,在Na2SO4上干燥,过滤并浓缩以产生淡黄色粘性液体,在没有进一步纯化的情况下使用该粘性液体。
步骤D:(1R,2R)-2-(2-氨基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯盐酸盐
向(1R,2R)-2-(2-叠氮基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯(4.794g,12.61mmol)和NH4Cl(1.686g,31.5mmol)在EtOH(29mL)中的混合物添加水(10mL),然后添加锌粉(1.154g,17.65mmol)。在rt下搅拌1h后浓缩。将残留物与THF一起研磨并过滤。然后浓缩滤液以产生浅黄色泡沫,在没有进一步纯化的情况下使用该泡沫。
步骤E:(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3,4-二氟苯甲酰胺基)乙酰基)环己甲酸
甲酯
向0℃下的(1R,2R)-2-(2-氨基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯盐酸盐(157mg,0.402mmol)在二氯甲烷(3mL)中的溶液添加3,4-二氟苯甲酰氯(284mg,1.607mmol),然后添加Hunig碱(312mg,2.411mmol)。在0℃下搅拌15min,然后浓缩。将残留物溶解在DMSO中并通过反相HPLC(SunfireC1830x150mm柱;水中的40至95%MeCN。对MeCN和水,0.1%TFA改性剂)纯化以产生作为无色粘性液体的所需产物(77mg,39%)。
步骤F:(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3,4-二氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯
将(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3,4-二氟苯甲酰胺基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯(77mg,0.156mmol)在POCl3(3mL)中的溶液在100℃下加热10h和在80℃下加热60h。浓缩溶液并将所得的残留物溶解在二氯甲烷中并冷却至0℃。将NaHCO3饱和水溶液添加到该二氯甲烷溶液中直至含水层变成碱性。将层分离。用二氯甲烷(3x)萃取含水层。将组合的有机溶液在Na2SO4上干燥,过滤并浓缩以产生白色固体,在没有进一步纯化的情况下使用该白色固体。
步骤G:(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3,4-二氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸
用1NNaOH水溶液(0.621mL)处理(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3,4-二氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯(74mg,0.155mmol)在MeOH-THF(1:2,1.8mL)中的悬浮液并在60℃下搅拌4h。冷却至rt后,添加0.621mL的1N含水HCl。将所得的溶液浓缩至白色固体,在没有进一步纯化的情况下使用该白色固体。
步骤H:(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3,4-二氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环
丙基)环己甲酰胺
向(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3,4-二氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸(72mg,0.156mmol)和HATU(89mg,0.389mmol)在DMF(1mL)中的溶液添加1-氰基环丙基氯化铵(46.2mg,0.389mmol),然后添加Hunig碱(101mg,0.779mmol),并在40℃下搅拌过夜。通过反相HPLC(SunfireC1830x150mm柱;水中的40至95%MeCN。对MeCN和水,0.1%TFA改性剂)直接纯化所得溶液以产生作为白色固体的所需产物(32mg,39%)。
步骤I:(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(3,4-二氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化
硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺(化合物1)
向在惰性气氛下的小瓶中的(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3,4-二氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺(20mg,0.038mmol)、硫代吗啉1,1-二氧化物(15.4mg,0.114mmol)、氯(2-二环己基膦基-2',4',6'-三异丙基-1,1'-联苯基)[2-(2-氨基乙基)苯基)]钯(II)(2.81mg,0.004mmol)和K3PO4.H2O(10.5mg,0.046mmol)的混合物添加THF(0.7mL)。将小瓶密封并在100℃下加热5h。冷却至rt并浓缩。将残留物吸收在DMSO中,过滤并使滤液经历反相HPLC纯化(SunfireC1830x150mm柱;水中的30至95%MeCN。对MeCN和水,0.1%TFA改性剂),其不产生纯产物。然后使用己烷中3至90%EtOAc的线性梯度,通过快速色谱(4gSiO2)纯化不纯产物以产生白色固体(5mg,23%)。MS[M+H]+581.1.1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.88-7.78(m,2H),7.66(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.31-7.27(m,1H),6.99(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),5.67(s,1H),3.95-3.92(m,4H),3.35-3.24(m,1H),3.14-3.12(m,4H),2.48-2.44(m,1H),2.25-1.64(m,6H),1.48-1.26(m,4H),0.79-0.62(m,2H)。
实施例2
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-5,5-二氟-2-(4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)
噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺(化合物2)
步骤A:4-(2-((1R,2R)-4,4-二氟-2-(甲氧羰基)环己基)-2-氧代乙基)苯甲酸叔丁酯
使用与实施例1的步骤A中所述相似的程序由(1R,2R)-4,4-二氟-2-(甲氧羰基)环己甲酸(中间产物3)通过其酰基氯和(4-(叔-丁氧羰基)苄基)溴化锌(II)(中间产物2)制备该化合物。
步骤B:4-(2-((1R,2R)-4,4-二氟-2-(甲氧羰基)环己基)-2-氧代乙基)苯甲酸
向4-(2-((1R,2R)-4,4-二氟-2-(甲氧羰基)环己基)-2-氧代乙基)苯甲酸叔丁酯(845mg,2.132mmol)在二氯甲烷(4mL)中的溶液添加TFA(5mL)。在23℃下搅拌30min后,将反应混合物用EtOAc稀释,用水(2x)和盐水(1x)洗涤,在Na2SO4上干燥并浓缩以产生白色固体,在没有进一步纯化的情况下使用该白色固体。
步骤C:(1R,2R)-5,5-二氟-2-(2-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯
向4-(2-((1R,2R)-4,4-二氟-2-(甲氧羰基)环己基)-2-氧代乙基)苯甲酸(725mg,2.13mmol)和HBTU(1.212g,3.20mmol)在DMF(3mL)中的溶液添加吗啉(1.3g,14.91mmol)。将所得的混合物在23℃下搅拌1.5h,然后通过反相HPLC(SunfireC1830x150mm柱;水中的5至85%MeCN。对MeCN和水,0.1%TFA改性剂)直接纯化以产生作为无色粘性液体的所需产物(434mg,50%)。
步骤D:(1R,2R)-2-(2-溴-2-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)乙酰基)-5,5-二氟环己甲
酸甲酯
向(1R,2R)-5,5-二氟-2-(2-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯(434mg,1.06mmol)在二氯甲烷(24mL)中的溶液添加Br2(169mg,1.06mmol)在二氯甲烷(1mL)中的溶液。将反应混合物在60℃下搅拌6h,然后冷却至rt,并在Na2S2O3饱和水溶液和二氯甲烷之间分配。用二氯甲烷(4x)萃取含水层。将组合的有机溶液在Na2SO4上干燥并浓缩以产生白色泡沫,在没有进一步纯化的情况下使用该白色泡沫。
步骤E:(1R,2R)-2-(2-叠氮基-2-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)乙酰基)-5,5-二氟环己
甲酸甲酯
将固体叠氮化钠(48.5mg,0.746mmol)添加到(1R,2R)-2-(2-溴-2-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)乙酰基)-5,5-二氟环己甲酸甲酯(331mg,0.678mmol)在MeCN(5mL)中的溶液中。将反应混合物在60℃下搅拌30min后,添加50mg另外的叠氮化钠并继续在60℃下搅拌1h。冷却至23℃并在EtOAc和水之间分配。用EtOAc(2x)萃取含水层。将组合的有机溶液在Na2SO4上干燥并浓缩以产生棕褐色固体,在没有进一步纯化的情况下使用该棕褐色固体。
步骤F:(1R,2R)-2-(2-氨基-2-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)乙酰基)-5,5-二氟环己
甲酸甲酯盐酸盐
使用与实施例1的步骤D中为(1R,2R)-2-(2-氨基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯盐酸盐所述的相似程序由(1R,2R)-2-(2-叠氮基-2-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)乙酰基)-5,5-二氟环己甲酸甲酯制备该化合物。
步骤G:(1R,2R)-5,5-二氟-2-(2-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-2-(2,2,3,3,3-五氟-
N-(2,2,3,3,3-五氟丙酰基)丙酰胺基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯
向(1R,2R)-2-(2-氨基-2-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)乙酰基)-5,5-二氟环己甲酸甲酯盐酸盐(100mg,0.217mmol)和Et3N(88mg,0.868mmol)在二氯甲烷(3mL)中的溶液逐滴添加2,2,3,3,3-五氟丙酸酐(135mg,0.434mmol)在二氯甲烷(3mL)中的溶液并搅拌30min。然后将反应混合物浓缩并通过反相HPLC(SunfireC1830x150mm柱;水中的5至95%MeCN。对MeCN和水,0.1%TFA改性剂)纯化以产生作为白色固体的所需产物(44mg,28%)。
步骤H:(1R,2R)-5,5-二氟-2-(4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-
5-基)环己甲酸甲酯
用固体K2CO3(212mg,1.535mmol)处理(1R,2R)-5,5-二氟-2-(2-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基-2-(2,2,3,3,3-五氟-N-(2,2,3,3,3-五氟丙酰基)丙酰胺基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯(44mg,0.061mmol)在MeOH(2mL)中的溶液,并在23℃下搅拌1h。然后在EtOAc和水之间分配反应混合物。用EtOAc(3x)萃取含水层。将组合的有机溶液在Na2SO4上干燥并浓缩以产生棕褐色固体,在没有进一步纯化的情况下使用该棕褐色固体。
步骤I:(1R,2R)-5,5-二氟-2-(4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-
5-基)环己甲酸
将浓硫酸(0.5mL)逐滴添加到(1R,2R)-5,5-二氟-2-(4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯(34mg,0.062mmol)在THF-水(1:1,1mL)中的溶液中,并在60℃下搅拌2h。然后在EtOAc和水之间分配反应混合物。用EtOAc(3x)萃取含水层。将组合的有机溶液用盐水洗涤,在Na2SO4上干燥并浓缩以产生棕褐色固体,在没有进一步纯化的情况下使用该棕褐色固体。
步骤J:(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-5,5-二氟-2-(4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-
2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺(化合物2)
如实施例1的步骤H中为(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3,4-二氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺所述由(1R,2R)-5,5-二氟-2-(4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸制备该化合物。MS[M+H]+603.0.1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.77(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.52(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),6.17(s,1H),3.90–3.42(m,10H),2.88-2.82(m,1H),2.35–1.80(m,5H),1.35-1.43(m,2H),0.68-0.98(m,2H)。
实施例3
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)
噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺(化合物3)
步骤A:(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯
向来自实施1步骤D的(1R,2R)-2-(2-氨基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯盐酸盐(250mg,0.64mmol)和Et3N(259mg,2.56mmol)在二氯甲烷(3mL)中的溶液逐滴添加2,2,3,3,3-五氟丙酸酐(397mg,1.28mmol)在二氯甲烷(3mL)中的溶液并搅拌15min。在二氯甲烷和NaHCO3饱和水溶液之间分配反应混合物。用二氯甲烷(3x)萃取含水层。将组合的有机溶液在Na2SO4上干燥并浓缩并通过反相HPLC(SunfireC1830x150mm柱;水中的30至95%MeCN。对MeCN和水,0.1%TFA改性剂)纯化以产生作为粘性黄色液体的所需产物(60mg,20%)。
步骤B:(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸
如实施例1的步骤G中为(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3,4-二氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸所述由(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯制备该化合物。
步骤C:(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙
基)环己甲酰胺
如实施例1的步骤H中为(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3,4-二氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺所述由(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸制备该化合物。
步骤D:(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-
2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺(化合物3)
如实施例1的步骤H中为(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(3,4-二氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺所述由(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺制备该化合物。MS[M+H]+587.5.1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.64(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),6.98(d,J=8.9Hz,2H),5.82(s,1H),3.95-3.92(m,4H),3.41-3.34(m,1H),3.14-3.11(m,4H),2.50-2.44(m,1H),2.01-1.08(m,10H),0.89-0.73(m,2H)。
实施例4
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(4,4-二氟哌啶-1-基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗
啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺(化合物4)
步骤A:(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-异氰酸根合乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯
向0℃下的来自实施例1步骤D的(1R,2R)-2-(2-氨基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯盐酸盐(100mg,0.256mmol)在二氯甲烷(3mL)中的溶液添加NaHCO3饱和水溶液(5mL)。将三光气(53mg,0.179mmol)添加到该两相混合物中同时快速搅拌。在0℃下15min后,将反应混合物在23℃下搅拌2h,然后用二氯甲烷稀释。将层分离。用二氯甲烷(3x)萃取含水层。将组合的有机溶液在Na2SO4上干燥并浓缩以产生无色粘性液体,在没有进一步纯化的情况下使用该无色粘性液体。
步骤B:(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-(4,4-二氟哌啶-1-甲酰胺基)乙酰基)环己
甲酸甲酯
向4,4-二氟哌啶-1-鎓氯化物(121mg,0.765mmol)在二氯甲烷(0.5mL)中的悬浮液添加Hunig碱(99mg,0.765mmol)。超声处理该混合物直至所有固体溶解。向该溶液添加(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-异氰酸根合乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯(97mg,0.255mmol)在二氯甲烷(1.5mL)中的溶液并在rt下搅拌过夜。然后将反应混合物浓缩并通过反相HPLC(SunfireC1830x150mm柱;水中的10至95%MeCN。对MeCN和水,0.1%TFA改性剂)纯化以产生作为无色粘性液体的所需产物(48mg,38%)。
步骤C:(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(4,4-二氟哌啶-1-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲
酸甲酯
将(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-(4,4-二氟哌啶-1-甲酰胺基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯(48mg,0.096mmol)在POCl3(1mL)中的溶液在50℃下搅拌4h。将溶液浓缩并将所得的残留物溶解在二氯甲烷中并冷却至0℃。将NaHCO3饱和水溶液添加到该二氯甲烷溶液中直至含水层变成碱性。将层分离。用二氯甲烷(3x)萃取含水层。将组合的有机溶液在Na2SO4上干燥、过滤并浓缩。使用己烷中的3至30%EtOAc的线性梯度通过快速色谱(4gSiO2)纯化以产生白色固体(22mg,48%)。
步骤D:(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4,4-二氟哌啶-1-基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯
基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯
如实施例1的步骤I中为(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(3,4-二氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺所述由(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(4,4-二氟哌啶-1-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯制备该化合物。
步骤E:(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4,4-二氟哌啶-1-基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯
基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸
向(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4,4-二氟哌啶-1-基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯(23mg,0.043mmol)在MeOH-THF(1:3,0.8mL)中的溶液添加NaOH水溶液(1N,0.193mL)并在40℃下搅拌过夜。然后在NH4Cl饱和水溶液和二氯甲烷之间分配反应混合物。用二氯甲烷(3x)萃取含水层。将组合的有机溶液在Na2SO4上干燥并浓缩以产生浅黄色粘性固体,在没有进一步纯化的情况下使用该浅黄色粘性固体。
步骤F:(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(4,4-二氟哌啶-1-基)-4-(4-(1,1-二
氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺(化合物4)
如实施例1的步骤H中为(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3,4-二氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺所述由(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4,4-二氟哌啶-1-基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸制备该化合物。MS[M+H]+588.2.1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.53(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),6.94(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),5.61(s,1H),3.91-3.88(m,4H),3.70-3.66(m,4H),3.12-3.06(m,5H),2.37-2.99(m,1H),2.12-1.59(m,9H),1.40-1.21(m,5H),0.70-0.76(m,2H)。
实施例5
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(3-氯苯基)-4-(4-硫代吗啉代-1,1-二氧化物-苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-
(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺(化合物5)
步骤A:(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3-氯苯甲酰胺基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯
在用氮气惰性气氛吹扫并保持氮气惰性气氛的25mL3颈圆底烧瓶中添加来自实施例1步骤D的(1R,2R)-2-[2-氨基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基]环己-1-甲酸甲酯盐酸盐(0.15g,0.38mmol,1.00当量)和二氯甲烷(5mL)。在0℃下向该溶液添加3-氯苯甲酰氯(0.27g,1.54mmol,4.00当量)在二氯甲烷(5mL)中的溶液和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(0.30g,2.31mmol,6.00当量)。将反应溶液在0℃下搅拌30min。通过添加碳酸氢钠饱和水溶液(10mL)将反应溶液淬灭。用二氯甲烷(2x10mL)萃取混合物。将组合的有机层用盐水(10mL)洗涤,在无水硫酸钠上干燥并过滤。在真空下浓缩滤液。这产生作为浅黄色油的0.20g的(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3-氯苯甲酰胺基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯:MS(ES,m/z):492.1(M+1),494.1(M+1)。
步骤B:(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3-氯苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯
在25mL圆底烧瓶中放入(1R,2R)-2-[2-(4-溴苯基)-2-[(3-氯苯基)甲酰胺基]乙酰基]环己-1-甲酸甲酯(0.200g,0.410mmol,1.00当量)、甲苯(4mL)和三氯氧磷(phosphoroyltrichloride)(6mL)。将反应溶液在油浴中在80℃下搅拌16h。然后在减压下除去溶剂。用冰/水(10mL)稀释残留物。用乙酸乙酯(3x8mL)萃取含水层。将组合的有机层用盐水(10mL)洗涤,在无水硫酸钠上干燥并过滤。在真空下浓缩滤液。将残留物施加在使用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(5%~40%)的硅胶柱色谱上。这产生作为浅黄色固体的0.13g(67%)的(1R,2R)-2-[4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3-氯苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯:MS(ES,m/z):473.9(M+1),475.9(M+1)。
步骤C:(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3-氯苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸
在25mL圆底烧瓶中放入(1R,2R)-2-[4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3-氯苯基)-1,3-噁唑-5-基]环己-1-甲酸甲酯(0.22g,0.46mmol,1.00当量)、氢氧化钠水溶液(1M,1.90mL,4.00当量)、甲醇(3mL)和四氢呋喃(5mL)。将反应混合物在油浴中在60℃下搅拌3h。用盐酸溶液(1M)将混合物的pH值调节至2。用乙酸乙酯(3x10mL)萃取混合物。将组合的有机层用盐水(10mL)洗涤,在无水硫酸钠上干燥并过滤。在真空下浓缩滤液。这产生作为黄色固体的0.21g(98%)的(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3-氯苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸:MS(ES,m/z):460.1(M+1),462.1(M+1)。
步骤D:(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3-氯苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙
基)环己甲酰胺
在用氮气惰性气氛吹扫并保持氮气惰性气氛的10mL圆底烧瓶中放入(1R,2R)-2-[4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3-氯苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸(0.21g,0.46mmol,1.00当量)在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5mL)中的溶液、2-(7-氮杂-1H-苯并三唑-1-基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基脲鎓六氟磷酸盐(0.26g,0.68mmol,1.50当量),1-氨基环丙基-1-甲腈盐酸盐(0.14g,1.14mmol,2.50当量)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(0.29g,2.28mmol,5.00当量)。将反应溶液在油浴中在40℃下搅拌16h并通过添加水/冰(10mL)淬灭。用乙酸乙酯(2x10mL)萃取混合物。将组合的有机层用盐水(2x6mL)洗涤,在无水硫酸钠上干燥并过滤。在真空下浓缩滤液。通过制备型薄层色谱用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(1:1)纯化残留物。这产生作为浅黄色固体的0.17g(71%)的(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3-氯苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺:MS(ES,m/z):524.2(M+1),526.2(M+1)。
步骤E:(1R,2R)-2-(2-(3-氯苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-
5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺(化合物5)
在用氮气惰性气氛吹扫并保持氮气惰性气氛的10mL密封管中放入(1R,2R)-2-[4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3-氯苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺(60.0mg,0.11mmol,1.00当量)、硫代吗啉-1,1-二酮盐酸盐(59.0mg,0.34mmol,3.00当量)、磷酸钾(0.12g,0.57mmol,5.00当量)、氯{[2-二环己基膦基-2′,4′,6′-三异丙基联苯][2-(2-氨基乙基苯基]钯(II)]}(8.40mg,0.01mmol,0.10当量)和四氢呋喃(3mL)。通过三次真空重复循环(1-2s)将混合物略微脱气并再填充氮气。将反应混合物在油浴中在120℃下搅拌6h。过滤所得的混合物并在真空下浓缩滤液。采用以下条件通过Prep-HPLC纯化粗产物:柱,XbridgeC18,5μm,25x150mm;流动相:水(0.05%碳酸氢铵)和乙腈(10min内47%乙腈直至60%,在100%保持3min,1min内降至47%);检测器UV220和254nm。这产生作为无色固体的16.0mg(24%)的(1R,2R)-2-(2-(3-氯苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺(化合物5):1HNMR(300MHz,CD3OD)δppm8.10(s,1H),8.06-7.95(m,1H),7.67(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.56-7.50(m,2H),7.16(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),4.10-3.93(m,4H),3.33-3.27(m,1H),3.21-3.17(m,4H),2.74-2.66(m,1H),2.06-1.65(m,6H),1.62-1.49(m,2H),1.35-1.30(m,2H),0.79-0.64(m,2H);MS(ES,m/z):579.3(M+1),581.3(M+1)。
实施例6
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(3-氯-2-氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-
N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺(化合物6)
步骤A:3-氯-2-氟苯甲酰氯
在50mL圆底烧瓶中放入3-氯-2-氟苯甲酸(0.30g,1.72mmol,1.00当量)在二氯甲烷(10mL)中的溶液。向该溶液逐滴添加草酰氯(0.2mL)和一滴N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。将反应溶液在环境温度下搅拌15h。在真空下浓缩所得的溶液。这产生作为黄色油的0.33g(98%)的3-氯-2-氟苯甲酰氯。
步骤B:(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3-氯-2-氟苯甲酰胺基)乙酰基)环己甲酸
甲酯
在50mL圆底烧瓶中放入(1R,2R)-2-[2-氨基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基]环己-1-甲酸甲酯盐酸盐(0.25g,0.64mmol,1.00当量)在二氯甲烷(10mL)中的溶液。然后添加三乙胺(0.5mL)。将反应溶液在0℃下搅拌10min。向其添加3-氯-2-氟苯甲酰氯(0.308g,1.60mmol,2.50当量)。将反应溶液搅拌12h同时缓慢温热至环境温度。在真空下浓缩所得的混合物并用水(10mL)稀释。用二氯甲烷(3x30mL)萃取所得的混合物。将组合的有机层在无水硫酸钠上干燥并过滤。在真空下浓缩滤液。这产生作为黄色油的0.41g的粗(1R,2R)-2-[2-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3-氯-2-氟苯甲酰胺基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯:MS(ES,m/z):532.2(M+23),534.2(M+23)。
步骤C:(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3-氯-2-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲
酯
在25mL圆底烧瓶中放入(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3-氯-2-氟苯甲酰胺基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯(0.41g,0.80mmol,1.00当量)在甲苯(0.5mL)中的溶液。向此溶液中加入三氯氧磷(4ml)。将反应溶液在油浴中在80℃下搅拌5h。在真空下浓缩所得的溶液,并通过添加水/冰(10mL)将其淬灭。用碳酸氢钠饱和水溶液将混合物的pH值调节至10。用乙酸乙酯(2x30mL)萃取所得的混合物。将组合的有机层在无水硫酸钠上干燥并过滤。在真空下浓缩滤液。将残留物施加在使用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(1:9)的硅胶柱色谱上。这产生作为黄色油的0.12g(30%)的(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3-氯-2-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯:MS(ES,m/z):492.0(M+1),494.0(M+1)。
步骤D:(1R,2R)-2-(2-(3-氯-2-氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)
噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯
在用氮气惰性气氛吹扫并保持氮气惰性气氛的10mL圆底烧瓶中放入(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(3-氯-2-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯(0.12g,0.24mmol,1.00当量)在四氢呋喃(2mL)中的溶液。向该溶液添加硫代吗啉-1,1-二氧化物盐酸盐(0.13g,0.73mmol,3.00当量)、磷酸钾(0.26g,1.22mmol,5.00当量)、氯{[2-二环己基膦基-2′,4′,6′-三异丙基联苯][2-(2-氨基乙基苯基]钯(II)]}(18.0mg,0.020mmol,0.100当量)。通过三次真空重复循环(1-2s)将反应混合物略微脱气并再填充氮气。将反应混合物在油浴中在100℃下搅拌48h。将所得的混合物用水(10mL)稀释并用乙酸乙酯(2x30mL)萃取。将组合的有机层在无水硫酸钠上干燥并过滤。在真空下浓缩滤液。将残留物施加在使用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(1:1)的硅胶柱色谱上。这产生作为黄色油的60.0mg(45%)的(1R,2R)-2-(2-(3-氯-2-氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯:MS(ES,m/z):569.1(M+23),571.1(M+23)。
步骤E:(1R,2R)-2-(2-(3-氯-2-氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)
噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸
在25mL圆底烧瓶中放入(1R,2R)-2-(2-(3-氯-2-氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯(60.0mg,0.11mmol,1.00当量)。向其添加1M氢氧化钠水溶液(2mL,18.8当量)、甲醇(2mL)和四氢呋喃(2mL)。将反应混合物在油浴中在60℃下搅拌1h。将所得的混合物在真空下浓缩并用水(5mL)稀释。用盐酸水溶液(10%)将溶液的pH值调节至4。用乙酸乙酯(2x15mL)萃取所得的混合物。将组合的有机层在无水硫酸钠上干燥并过滤。在真空下浓缩滤液。这产生作为黄色油的60.0mg(92%)的(1R,2R)-2-(2-(3-氯-2-氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸:MS(ES,m/z):533.1(M+1),535.1(M+1)。
步骤F:(1R,2R)-2-(2-(3-氯-2-氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)
噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺(化合物6)
在用氮气惰性气氛吹扫并保持氮气惰性气氛的10mL圆底烧瓶中放入(1R,2R)-2-(2-(3-氯-2-氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸(60.0mg,0.11mmol,1.00当量)在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5.0mL)中的溶液。向该溶液添加1-氨基环丙基-1-甲腈盐酸盐(66.7mg,0.56mmol,5.00当量)、2-(1H-7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基脲鎓六氟磷酸盐甲铵(methanaminium)(68.5mg,0.18mmol,1.60当量)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(0.12g,0.90mmol,8.00当量)。将反应溶液在环境温度下搅拌24h。将所得的溶液用乙酸乙酯(30mL)稀释并用水(3x10mL)洗涤。将有机层在无水硫酸钠上干燥并过滤。在真空下浓缩滤液。通过制备型薄层色谱用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(1:1)纯化残留物。这产生作为无色固体的18.5mg(28%)的(1R,2R)-2-(2-(3-氯-2-氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺(化合物6):1H-NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δppm8.80(s,1H),8.07-7.97(m,1H),7.85-7.73(m,1H),7.63(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.47-7.35(m,1H),7.14(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),4.00-3.80(m,4H),3.33-3.22(m,1H),3.21-3.10(m,4H),2.67-2.55(m,1H),2.00-1.72(m,4H),1.70-1.23(m,6H),0.72-0.60(m,1H),0.50-0.40(m,1H);MS(ES,m/z):597.3(M+1),599.3(M+1)。
实施例7
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-{4-[4-(1,1-二氧代-1λ
6
-硫代吗啉-4-基)苯基]-2-
(4-氟苯基)-1,3噁唑-5-基}环己甲酰胺(化合物7)
步骤A:(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-(4-氟苯甲酰胺基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯
向0℃下的(1R,2R)-2-(2-氨基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯盐酸盐(250mg,0.64mmol)在二氯甲烷中的溶液添加4-氟苯甲酰氯(406mg,2.56mmol),然后添加Hunig碱(496mg,3.84mmol);在0℃下搅拌15min,然后浓缩。将残留物溶解在DMSO中并通过反相HPLC(SunfireC1830x150mm柱;水中的20至95%MeCN。对MeCN和水,0.1%TFA改性剂)纯化以产生作为白色固体的所需产物(108mg,35%)。
步骤B:(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯
将(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-(4-氟苯甲酰胺基)乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯(122mg,0.256mmol)在POCl3(2mL)中的溶液在80℃下加热5.5h和在40℃下加热14h。浓缩溶液并将所得的残留物溶解在二氯甲烷中并冷却至0℃。将NaHCO3饱和水溶液添加到该二氯甲烷溶液中直至含水层变成碱性。将层分离。用二氯甲烷(3x)萃取含水层。将组合的有机溶液在Na2SO4上干燥、过滤并浓缩以产生白色固体,在没有进一步纯化的情况下使用该白色固体。
步骤C:(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸
用1NNaOH水溶液(1.021mL)处理(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯(117mg,0.255mmol)在MeOH-THF(1:1,2mL)中的溶液并在40℃下搅拌14h。冷却至rt后,添加1.021mL的1NHCl水溶液。将所得的溶液浓缩至白色固体,在没有进一步纯化的情况下使用该白色固体。
步骤D:(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙
基)环己甲酰胺
向(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酸(113mg,0.254mmol)和HATU(75mg,0.636mmol)在DMF(2mL)中的溶液添加Hunig碱(164mg,1.272mmol)并在40℃下搅拌47h。通过反相HPLC(SunfireC1830x150mm柱;水中的30至95%MeCN。对MeCN和水,0.1%TFA改性剂)直接纯化所得的溶液以产生作为白色固体的所需产物(85mg,66%)。
步骤E:(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-{4-[4-(1,1-二氧代-1λ
6
-硫代吗啉-4-
基)苯基]-2-(4-氟苯基)-1,3-噁唑-5-基}环己甲酰胺(化合物7)
向在小瓶中的、惰性气氛下的(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺(116mg,0.228mmol)。硫代吗啉1,1-二氧化物(93mg,0.685mmol)、氯(2-二环己基膦基-2',4',6'-三异丙基-1,1'-联苯)[2-(2-氨基乙基)苯基)]钯(II)(8.43mg,0.011mmol)和K3PO4.H2O(63.1mg,0.274mmol)的混合物添加THF(1.5mL)。将小瓶密封并在100℃下加热2h,冷却至rt并浓缩。将残留物吸收在DMSO中,过滤并使滤液经历反相HPLC纯化(SunfireC1830x150mm柱;水中的10至95%MeCN。对MeCN和水,0.1%TFA改性剂)。在碳酸氢钠饱和水溶液和二氯甲烷之间分配所需的级分。将层分离。用二氯甲烷(3x)萃取含水层。将组合的有机溶液在Na2SO4上干燥并浓缩以产生作为白色固体的所需产物(120mg,93%)。MS[M+H]+563.1.1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.05-8.02(m,2H),7.68-7.63(m,2H),7.21-7.14(m,2H),7.20-6.97(m,2H),5.66(s,1H),3.94-3.91(m,1H),3.30-3.22(m,1H),3.14-3.12(m,4H),2.51-2.44(m,1H),2.1-1.3(m,10H),0.78-0.58(m,2H)。
实施例8和9
(1S或1R,3R,4R,6R或6S)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-4-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯
基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酰胺(化合物8和化合物9)
步骤A:(3R,4R)-4-(氯羰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯
按照与合成(1R,2R)-2-(氯羰基)环己甲酸甲酯相同的程序使用甲苯(30mL)中的(3R,4R)-4-(甲氧羰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸(1.40g,7.06mmol,1.00当量)和草酰氯(1.80g,14.2mmol,2.00当量)合成(3R,4R)-4-(氯羰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯。这产生作为黄色油的1.5g(98%)的粗(3R,4R)-4-(氯羰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯,其在下一步中直接使用而不用进一步纯化。
步骤B:(3R,4R)-4-(2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯
按照与实施例1的步骤A中相同的程序使用四氢呋喃(10mL)中的(3R,4R)-4-(氯羰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯(0.62g,2.86mmol,1.00当量)、氰化铜(I)-双(氯化锂)络合物(四氢呋喃中1M,4.29mL,4.29mmol,1.50当量)和溴[(4-溴苯基)甲基]锌(四氢呋喃中1M,4.29mL,4.29mmol,1.50当量)合成(3R,4R)-4-(2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯。这产生作为无色固体的0.51g(50%)的(3R,4R)-4-(2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯:1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δppm7.44(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.05(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),3.76(s,2H),3.65(s,3H),2.73-2.08(m,4H),1.80-1.65(m,1H),1.46-1.24(m,1H),1.04-0.94(m,2H),0.71-0.64(m,1H),0.04-0.00(m,1H);MS(ES,m/z):351.2(M+1),353.2(M+1)。
步骤C:(3R,4R)-4-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-氯乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯
按照与实施例1的步骤B中相同的程序使用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(10mL)中的(3R,4R)-4-(2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯(0.51g,1.45mmol,1.00当量)和N-氯琥珀酰亚胺(0.23g,1.74mmol,1.20当量)合成(3R,4R)-4-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-氯乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯。这产生作为黄色油的0.47g(84%)的(3R,4R)-4-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-氯乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯:MS(ES,m/z):384.8(M+1),386.8(M+1)。
步骤D:(3R,4R)-4-(2-叠氮基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲
酯
按照与实施例1的步骤C中相同的程序使用二甲亚砜(10mL)中的(3R,4R)-4-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-氯乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯(0.47g,1.22mmol,1.00当量)和叠氮化钠(94.9mg,1.46mmol,1.20当量)合成(3R,4R)-4-(2-叠氮基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯。这产生作为浅黄色油的0.47g的(3R,4R)-4-(2-叠氮基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯,其在下一步中直接使用而不用进一步纯化。
步骤E:(3R,4R)-4-(2-氨基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯盐
酸盐
按照与实施例1的步骤D中相同的程序使用乙醇和水(3:1(v/v),12mL)中的(3R,4R)-4-(2-叠氮基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯(0.47g,1.20mmol,1.00当量)、锌粉(0.11g,1.68mmol,1.40当量)和氯化铵(0.16g,3.00mmol,2.50当量)合成(3R,4R)-4-(2-氨基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯盐酸盐。这产生作为黄色固体的0.43g(89%)的(3R,4R)-4-(2-氨基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯盐酸盐:MS(ES,m/z):366.2(M+1),368.2(M+1)。
步骤F:(3R,4R)-4-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-甲酰胺基)乙酰基)双环
[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯
按照与实施例1的步骤H中相同的程序使用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(15mL)中的(3R,4R)-4-(2-氨基-2-(4-溴苯基)乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯盐酸盐(0.43g,1.07mmol,1.00当量)、5-氟吡啶-2-甲酸(0.38g,2.68mmol,2.50当量)、HATU(1.02g,2.68mmol,2.50当量)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(0.69g,5.35mmol,5.00当量)合成(3R,4R)-4-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-甲酰胺基)乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯。这产生作为黄色油的0.33g的粗(3R,4R)-4-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-甲酰胺基)乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯:MS(ES,m/z):489.3(M+1),491.3(M+1)。
步骤G:(3R,4R)-4-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)双环[4.1.0]
庚-3-甲酸甲酯
按照与实施例1的步骤F中相同的程序使用甲苯(4mL)中的(3R,4R)-4-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-甲酰胺基)乙酰基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯(0.33g,0.67mmol,1.00当量)和三氯氧磷(10mL)合成(3R,4R)-4-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯。这产生作为浅黄色固体的0.17g的(3R,4R)-4-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯:MS(ES,m/z):471.1(M+1),473.1(M+1)。
步骤H:(3R,4R)-4-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)
噁唑-5-基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯
按照与实施例1的步骤I中相同的程序使用甲苯(5mL)中的(3R,4R)-4-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯(0.10g,0.21mmol,1.00当量)、硫代吗啉-1,1-二氧化物盐酸盐(0.11g,0.64mmol,3.00当量)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0)-氯仿(40mg,0.0386mmol,0.182当量)、二环己基膦基-2',4',6'-三异丙基联苯(30mg,0.0629mmol,0.297当量)和碳酸铯(0.33g,1.01mmol,5.00当量)合成(3R,4R)-4-(2-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)-4-(4-硫代吗啉代-1,1-二氧化物-苯基)噁唑-5-基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯。这产生作为黄色固体的65.0mg的(3R,4R)-4-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯:MS(ES,m/z):526.3(M+1)。
步骤I:(3R,4R)-4-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)
噁唑-5-基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸
按照与实施例1的步骤G中相同的程序使用氢氧化钠水溶液(1M,2mL)和四氢呋喃(2mL)中的(3R,4R)-4-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸甲酯(55.0mg,0.11mmol,1.00当量)合成(3R,4R)-4-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸。这产生作为黄色油产物的50.0mg(93%)的所需甲酸:MS(ES,m/z):512.1(M+1)。
StepJ:(1S或1R,3R,4R,6R或6S)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-4-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫
代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酰胺(合成化合物8
和化合物9)
按照与实施例1的步骤H中相同的程序使用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(5mL)中的(3R,4R)-4-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酸(50.0mg,0.0977mmol,1.00当量)、1-氨基环丙基-1-甲腈盐酸盐(28.9mg,0.24mmol,2.50当量)、HATU(55.9mg,0.15mmol,1.50当量)和N,N-二异丙基乙胺(63.2mg,0.49mmol,5.00当量)合成化合物8和化合物9。这产生作为无色固体的10.0mg(14%)的(3R,4R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-4-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酰胺:MS(ES,m/z):576.2(M+1)。采用以下条件通过Chiral-Prep-HPLC分离外消旋产物(10mg):柱,ChiralpakIB,0.46x25cm,5μmChiral-A(IB)001IB00CE-LA026;流动相,Hex:EtOH=60:40;检测器,UV254nm和220nm。这在16.1min产生作为灰色固体的3.6mg的化合物8:1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δppm8.68(s,1H),8.44-8.39(m,1H),7.87-7.84(m,1H),7.75(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.68-7.65(m,1H),7.01(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),3.96-3.92(m,4H),3.16-3.13(m,4H),3.09-3.03(m,1H),2.81-2.70(m,1H),2.37-2.31(m,1H),2.26-2.16(m,2H),1.94-1.86(m,1H),1.35-1.20(m,2H),1.09-1.04(m,2H),0.90-0.85(m,2H),0.78-0.72(m,1H),0.20-0.16(m,1H);MS(ES,m/z):576.0(M+1)。这还在13.4min产生作为灰白色固体的2.1mg的化合物9:1HNMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δppm8.59(s,1H),8.32-8.28(m,1H),7.70-7.69(m,1H),7.69(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.02(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),6.98(brs,1H),3.95-3.92(m,4H),3.15-3.12(m,4H),3.09-3.04(m,1H),2.64-2.62(m,1H),2.38-2.30(m,1H),2.25-2.15(m,2H),1.98-1.94(m,1H),1.35-1.25(m,2H),1.10-1.03(m,2H),0.95-0.88(m,1H),0.78-0.68(m,2H),0.17-0.16(m,1H);MS(ES,m/z):576.0(M+1)。
实施例10
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(叔-丁基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噻唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰
基环丙基)环己甲酰胺(化合物10)
步骤A:(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-新戊酰胺基乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯
向0℃下的粗1-(4-溴苯基)-2-((1R,2R)-2-(甲氧羰基)环己基)-2-氧代乙基氯化铵(287mg,0.735mmol)在二氯甲烷(5mL)中的溶液添加新戊酰氯(0.362mL,2.94mmol,4eq),然后逐滴添加Hunig碱(0.77mL,4.41mmol)。将所得的溶液在0℃下搅拌15min,然后在减压下浓缩。将残留物溶解在DMSO中并通过反相HPLC(SunfireC1830x150mm柱;水中的15至95%MeCN。对MeCN和水,0.1%TFA改性剂)纯化以产生作为白色固体的所需产物(149mg,46%)。
步骤B:(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(叔-丁基)噻唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯
向(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-溴苯基)-2-新戊酰胺基乙酰基)环己甲酸甲酯(74mg,0.169mmol)在甲苯(2mL)中的溶液添加Lawesson试剂(54.6mg,0.135mmol,0.8eq)。将所得的混合物在80℃下搅拌1h。将反应混合物冷却至室温并用饱和NaHCO3淬灭。用EtOAc(3x5mL)萃取所得的混合物。将组合的有机相在Na2SO4上干燥、过滤并在减压下浓缩。通过快速色谱(4g,SiO2):己烷中3至15%EtOAc纯化残留物,产生作为白色固体的52mg(71%)的所需产物。
步骤C:(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(叔-丁基)噻唑-5-基)环己甲酸
向(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(叔-丁基)噻唑-5-基)环己甲酸甲酯(52mg,0.119mmol)在MeOH/THF=1/1(2mL)中的溶液添加1NNaOH溶液。将所得的溶液在60℃下搅拌4.5小时和在40℃下搅拌18小时。将反应混合物冷却至室温,然后添加1NHCl。浓缩所得混合物,产生作为白色固体的所需产物。在没有进一步纯化的情况下使用该粗产物。
步骤D:(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(叔-丁基)噻唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)
环己甲酰胺
向(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(叔-丁基)噻唑-5-基)环己甲酸(50mg,0.188mmol)和HATU(67.5mg,0.178mmol)在DMF(2mL)中的溶液添加1-氰基环丙基氯化铵(35mg,0.296mmol),然后添加DIEA(0.103mL,0.592mmol)。将所得的混合物在40℃下搅拌18h。将所得的溶液过滤并通过反相HPLC(SunfireC1830x150mm柱;水中的30至90%MeCN。对MeCN和水,0.1%TFA改性剂)直接纯化以产生作为白色固体的所需产物(49mg,85%)。
步骤E:(1R,2R)-2-(2-(叔-丁基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噻唑-5-
基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺(化合物10)
向在N2下的小瓶中的(1R,2R)-2-(4-(4-溴苯基)-2-(叔-丁基)噻唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺(25mg,0.051mmol)、硫代吗啉1,1-二氧化物(20.84mg,0.154mmol,3eq)、氯(2-二环己基膦基-2',4',6'-三异丙基-1,1'-联苯)[2-(2-氨基乙基)苯基)]钯(II)(3.8mg,5.14μmol,0.1eq)和K3PO4.H2O(14.2mg,0.062mmol)的混合物添加THF(0.7mL)。将小瓶密封并将所得的混合物在100℃下加热4h,然后放在室温下18小时。在减压下浓缩反应混合物,将残留物溶解在DMSO中并通过反相HPLC(SunfireC1830x150mm柱;水中的5至95%MeCN。对MeCN和水,0.1%TFA改性剂)纯化该溶液,产生作为白色固体的24.5mg(73%)的所需产物(化合物9)。MS(ES,m/z):541.1(M+1);1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)7.48(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),6.97(d,J=8.6,2H),6.16(s,1H),3.95-3.92(m,4H),3.30-3.25(m,1H),3.12-3.09(m,4H),2.24-2.17(m,1H),2.01-1.79(m,4H),1.51-1.56(m,1H)。
使用类似于以上实施例中所述的方法制备以下化合物:
药物组合物
作为本发明的具体实施方案,将100mg的实施例1的化合物与足够细碎的乳糖一起配制以提供580至590mg的总量以填充0号硬明胶胶囊。
Claims (14)
1.下式的化合物:
其中X是氧、硫或氮;
R1是氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C3-8环烷基或杂环基,其中所述烷基和烯基任选地被C3-6环烷基、1至6个卤素、羟基或R8取代;并且其中所述环烷基和杂环基任选地被一个或两个选自C1-6烷基、卤素、OR6和酮基的取代基取代;
R2是氢、C1-6烷基或C2-6烯基,其中所述烷基和烯基任选地被C3-6环烷基、1至6个卤素或R8取代;
或者R1和R2可以与它们连接至的碳原子合起来形成C3-8环烷基或杂环基环,其中所述环烷基和杂环基环任选地被一个或两个独立选自R6、C1-6卤代烷基和卤素的取代基取代;
每个R3独立地选自氢、卤素和C1-2烷基,其中所述烷基任选地被1至3个卤素取代;或者
两个R3基团可以与它们连接至的碳原子合起来形成C3-4环烷基环,其中所述环任选地被1至3个卤素取代;
R4是氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-3炔基、NR6R7、OR6、OR8或R8,其中所述烷基任选地被1至6个独立选自OR7、卤素、羟基、氰基和R8的取代基取代;
R5是氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、芳基、杂芳基、C3-8环烷基、杂环基、C(O)NR6R8、C(O)R8、NR6C(O)OR7或SOmR6,其中所述芳基、杂芳基、C3-8环烷基和杂环基任选地被1至5个独立选自C1-6烷基、卤素、氧代、氰基、C1-6卤代烷基和SOmR6的取代基取代;
R6是氢或C1-6烷基,后者任选地被1至3个独立选自卤素、羟基、氰基和O(C1-6烷基)的取代基取代;
R7是氢或C1-6烷基,后者任选地被1至3个独立选自卤素、羟基、氰基和O(C1-6烷基)的取代基取代;
R8是C3-8环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中所述环烷基、芳基、杂芳基和杂环基任选地被1至4个独立选自卤素、氰基、氧代、C1-6卤代烷基、R6、OR6、C3-6环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、杂环基、SOmR6和SF5的取代基取代;
m是0至2的整数;
p是0至2的整数;
或其药物上可接受的盐。
2.权利要求1的化合物,其中R1是氢、C1-3烷基、C3-8环烷基或杂环基,其中所述烷基任选地被1至6个卤素取代;
或其药物上可接受的盐。
3.权利要求1-2任一项的化合物,其中R2是氢或C1-3烷基,其中所述烷基任选地被1至6个卤素取代;或其药物上可接受的盐。
4.权利要求1-3任一项的化合物,其中或R1和R2可以与它们连接至的碳原子合起来形成C3-6环烷基环;或其药物上可接受的盐。
5.权利要求1-4任一项的化合物,其中每个R3独立地选自氢或卤素,或者两个R3基团可以与它们连接至的碳原子合起来形成C3-4环烷基环,其中所述环任选地被1至3个卤素取代;或其药物上可接受的盐。
6.权利要求1-5任一项的化合物,其中R4是氢、C1-6烷基、OR6或R8,其中所述烷基任选地被1至6个独立选自OR7、卤素、羟基、氰基和R8的取代基取代;或其药物上可接受的盐。
7.权利要求1-6任一项的化合物,其中R5是杂芳基、杂环基、C(O)NR6R8、C(O)R8或NR6C(O)OR7,其中所述杂芳基和杂环基任选地被1至5个独立选自C1-6烷基、卤素、氧代、氰基、C1-6卤代烷基和SOmR6的取代基取代;或其药物上可接受的盐。
8.权利要求1的化合物,其是:
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(3,4-二氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-5,5-二氟-2-(4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(4,4-二氟哌啶-1-基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(3-氯苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(3-氯-2-氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-{4-[4-(1,1-二氧化-1λ6-硫代吗啉-4-基)苯基]-2-(4-氟苯基)-1,3-噁唑-5-基}环己甲酰胺;
(1S,3R,4R,6R或1R,3R,4R,6S)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-4-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酰胺;
(1R,3R,4R,6S或1S,3R,4R,6R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-4-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)双环[4.1.0]庚-3-甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(叔-丁基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噻唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(叔-丁基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(氰基甲基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-甲基噁唑-5-基)-5,5-二氟环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(三氟甲基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-甲基噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(2,2,2-三氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(2,2,2-三氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)-5,5-二氟环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(4-氟苯基)-4-(4-吗啉代苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-甲基噁唑-5-基)-5,5-二氟环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(叔-丁基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-5,5-二氟环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)-5,5-二氟环己甲酰胺;
N-(1-氰基环丙基)-4-(5-((1R,2R)-2-((1-氰基环丙基)氨基甲酰基)环己基)-2-甲基噁唑-4-基)苯甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-甲基-4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(3-(甲磺酰基)氮杂环丁烷-1-基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-5,5-二氟-2-(2-(4-氟苯基)-4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(3-(甲磺酰基)氮杂环丁烷-1-基)苯基)-2-(三氟甲基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(吡啶-3-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(3-氟吡啶-4-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R,5S)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)-5-氟环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(5-氟吡啶-3-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(3,5-二氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(嘧啶-5-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-氯苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-4-(4-(3-(甲磺酰基)氮杂环丁烷-1-基)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R,5S)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-5-氟环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R,5S)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)-5-氟环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(2-氰基丙-2-基)-2-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(氰基甲基)-2-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((R或S)-1-氰基乙基)-2-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((S或R)-1-氰基乙基)-2-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-吗啉代噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(4-(5-((1R,2R)-2-((1-氰基环丙基)氨基甲酰基)环己基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-4-基)苯基)(甲基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯;
(4-(5-((1R,2R)-2-((1-氰基环丙基)氨基甲酰基)环己基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-4-基)苯基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯;
(1R,2R)-2-(2-苄基-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(环己基甲基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(4,4-二氟-1-甲基环己基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(1,1,4-三甲基硅杂环己烷-4-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-甲基噻唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-甲基-4-(4-(3-(甲磺酰基)氮杂环丁烷-1-基)苯基)噻唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噻唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(2,2,2-三氟乙基)噻唑-5-基)-5,5-二氟环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(叔-丁基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噻唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-5,5-二氟环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-甲基噻唑-5-基)-5,5-二氟环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(三氟甲基)噻唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(3-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(2-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(4-(二氟甲氧基)苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-(三氟甲基)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(2-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(3-(二氟甲氧基)苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(2-(三氟甲基)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(3-甲氧基苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(2-甲氧基苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(2-甲基噻唑-5-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(4-氰基苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(2-氯苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-氯-3-氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(3-环丙基苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(噻唑-2-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(2-环丙基苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(3-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(2-甲基嘧啶-4-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(3-氟吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(2-(三氟甲基)嘧啶-5-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(3-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-((1R,4R和1S,4S)-2,2-二氧化-2-硫杂-5-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚-5-基)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(5-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-(叔-丁基)苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(嘧啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(6-(二氟甲氧基)吡啶-3-基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(5-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)吡啶-3-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(3-氰基苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(4-氯-2-氟苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(5-氯吡啶-3-基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(2-(二氟甲氧基)苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(哒嗪-3-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-2-(2-(双环[1.1.1]戊-2-基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-甲基四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(4-环丙基苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-2-(4-(3-溴-4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(2-甲基嘧啶-5-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-((三氟甲基)磺酰基)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(2-氰基苯基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-4-(4-(1-亚氨基-1-氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-((1S,2R)-4,4-二氟-2-甲基环己基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-((1S,2S)-4,4-二氟-2-甲基环己基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-((1R,3R,5S和1R,3S,5S)-8,8-二氟双环[3.2.1]辛-3-基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(1-(三氟甲基)环丙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-((1R,4R和1S,4S)-4-(三氟甲基)环己基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(氰基甲基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(2,2,3,3-四甲基环丙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-((R和S)-3,3-二氟环戊基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(1,1,1-三氟-2-甲基丙-2-基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-((R和S)-2,2,2-三氟-1-甲氧基-1-苯基乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-((1R,3R和1S,3S)-3-甲氧基环丁基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-2-(2-((1R,3R,5S和1R,3S,5S)-双环[3.1.0]己-3-基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-5,5-二氟-2-(4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((R或S)-1-氰基乙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((S或R)-1-氰基乙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((S或R)-1-氰基-2-甲基丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((R或S)-1-氰基-2-甲基丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((S或R)-1-氰基丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((R或S)-1-氰基丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((R)-氰基(四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)甲基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((S)-氰基(四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)甲基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-4-(4-(4-(甲磺酰基)哌嗪-1-羰基)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(二氟(苯基)甲基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((R或S)-1-氰基-3,3,3-三氟丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((S或R)-1-氰基-3,3,3-三氟丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((2R或2S)-1-氰基-2-甲基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((2S或2R)-1-氰基-2-甲基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(4-氟苯基)-4-(4-(1-氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(氰基甲基)-5,5-二氟-2-(4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((S)-1-氰基乙基)-5,5-二氟-2-(4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R,5R和1R,2R,5S)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-5-(二氟甲基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)-4,4-二氟环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-5,5-二氟-2-(4-(4-(4-(甲磺酰基)哌嗪-1-羰基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((S)-1-氰基乙基)-2-(2-(4-氟苯基)-4-(4-(1-氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((R或S)-1-氰基-3,3,3-三氟丙基)-5,5-二氟-2-(4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((S或R)-1-氰基-3,3,3-三氟丙基)-5,5-二氟-2-(4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((R或S)-氰基(四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)甲基)-5,5-二氟-2-(4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((S或R)-氰基(四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)甲基)-5,5-二氟-2-(4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R,5S)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(三氟甲基)噁唑-5-基)-5-氟环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R,5S)-2-(2-(叔-丁基)-4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-5-氟环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((S)-1-氰基-2-甲基丙基)-5,5-二氟-2-(4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((S和R)-1-氰基-2,2,2-三氟乙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)-4,4-二氟环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((S)-1-氰基-2-甲基丙基)-2-(2-(4-氟苯基)-4-(4-(1-氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(2-(4-氟苯基)-4-(4-(吲哚啉-1-基)苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-(3-氰基氧杂环丁烷-3-基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-5,5-二氯-N-(1-氰基环丙基)-2-(4-(4-(吗啉-4-羰基)苯基)-2-(全氟乙基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((S)-氰基(环丙基)甲基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((S)-氰基(环己基)甲基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((S)-1-氰基-2,2-二甲基丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((R或S)-1-氰基-2-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
(1R,2R)-N-((S或R)-1-氰基-2-羟基-2-甲基丙基)-2-(4-(4-(1,1-二氧化硫代吗啉代)苯基)-2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-5-基)环己甲酰胺;
或其药物上可接受的盐。
9.包含根据权利要求1-8任一项的化合物和药物上可接受的载体的药物组合物。
10.权利要求1-8任一项的化合物在制备药物中的用途,所述药物用于治疗骨质疏松症、糖皮质激素导致的骨质疏松症、佩吉特氏病、异常增加的骨转换、牙周病、牙齿缺失、骨折、类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、假体周围骨溶解、成骨不全症、动脉粥样硬化、肥胖症、青光眼、慢性阻塞性肺病、转移性骨病,恶性肿瘤的高钙血症或多发性骨髓瘤。
11.包含权利要求1-8任一项的化合物和选自以下物质的另一种试剂的药物组合物:有机双膦酸酯/盐、选择性雌激素受体调节剂、雌激素受体β调节剂、雄激素受体调节剂、破骨细胞质子ATP酶抑制剂、HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂、整联蛋白受体拮抗剂或成骨细胞合成代谢剂、维生素D、合成维生素D类似物、非甾类抗炎药、选择性环氧酶-2抑制剂、白细胞介素-1β抑制剂、LOX/COX抑制剂和其药物上可接受的盐和混合物。
12.权利要求1-8任一项的化合物和选自以下物质的另一种试剂在制备药物中的用途,所述另一种试剂选自有机双膦酸酯/盐、选择性雌激素受体调节剂、雄激素受体调节剂、破骨细胞质子ATP酶抑制剂、HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂、整联蛋白受体拮抗剂或成骨细胞合成代谢剂、维生素D、合成维生素D类似物、非甾类抗炎药、选择性环氧酶-2抑制剂、白细胞介素-1β抑制剂、LOX/COX抑制剂和其药物上可接受的盐和混合物,所述药剂用于治疗有此需要的哺乳动物的骨质疏松症、糖皮质激素导致的骨质疏松症、佩吉特氏病、异常增加的骨转换、牙周病、牙齿缺失、骨折、类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、假体周围骨溶解、成骨不全症、动脉粥样硬化、肥胖症、青光眼、慢性阻塞性肺病、转移性骨病,恶性肿瘤的高钙血症或多发性骨髓瘤。
13.根据权利要求1-8任一项的化合物用于治疗。
14.根据权利要求1-8任一项的化合物用于治疗骨质疏松症。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201361888029P | 2013-10-08 | 2013-10-08 | |
US61/888029 | 2013-10-08 | ||
PCT/US2014/059215 WO2015054089A1 (en) | 2013-10-08 | 2014-10-06 | Cathepsin cysteine protease inhibitors |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN105593230A true CN105593230A (zh) | 2016-05-18 |
CN105593230B CN105593230B (zh) | 2018-07-06 |
Family
ID=51842845
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201480055695.1A Expired - Fee Related CN105593230B (zh) | 2013-10-08 | 2014-10-06 | 组织蛋白酶半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9458181B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3055314B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6454335B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20160065854A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN105593230B (zh) |
AR (1) | AR097948A1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2014332250B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2923272A1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2692799C2 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI656120B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2015054089A1 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107964009A (zh) * | 2018-01-21 | 2018-04-27 | 吕迎春 | 一种2-吡啶衍生物取代的咪唑类化合物及其在防治骨质疏松药物中的应用 |
CN109554456A (zh) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-04-02 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Gpr1基因在诊断或治疗骨生长或骨质异常疾病的应用 |
CN111574422A (zh) * | 2017-01-24 | 2020-08-25 | 安斯泰来制药株式会社 | 苯基二氟甲基取代脯氨酰胺化合物 |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015051479A1 (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2015-04-16 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. | Cathepsin cysteine protease inhibitors |
WO2015120580A1 (en) | 2014-02-11 | 2015-08-20 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. | Cathepsin cysteine protease inhibitors |
KR102709682B1 (ko) * | 2018-03-28 | 2024-09-25 | 한림제약(주) | 2-시아노피리미딘-4-일 카르바메이트 혹은 유레아 유도체 또는 이의 염 및 이를 포함하는 약학 조성물 |
RU2752531C1 (ru) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-07-29 | федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский университет) (ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Се | Специфические пептидные ингибиторы цистеиновых катепсинов |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002069901A2 (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2002-09-12 | Merck Frosst Canada & Co. | Cathepsin cysteine protease inhibitors |
CN1812967A (zh) * | 2003-06-30 | 2006-08-02 | 麦克弗罗斯特(加拿大)公司 | 组织蛋白酶半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 |
CN101218207A (zh) * | 2005-07-06 | 2008-07-09 | 默克弗罗斯特加拿大有限公司 | 组织蛋白酶半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 |
CN101687864A (zh) * | 2007-06-26 | 2010-03-31 | 阿斯利康(瑞典)有限公司 | 作为组织蛋白酶k抑制剂的1-氰基环丙基-衍生物 |
CN102459162A (zh) * | 2009-06-11 | 2012-05-16 | 霍夫曼-拉罗奇有限公司 | 新型环戊烷衍生物 |
CN103201274A (zh) * | 2010-11-05 | 2013-07-10 | 霍夫曼-拉罗奇有限公司 | 作为组织蛋白酶抑制剂的吡咯烷衍生物 |
Family Cites Families (38)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA777769A (en) | 1963-03-18 | 1968-02-06 | H. Roy Clarence | Substituted methylene diphosphonic acid compounds and detergent compositions |
US4294926A (en) | 1979-06-15 | 1981-10-13 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Hypocholesteremic fermentation products and process of preparation |
US4319039A (en) | 1979-06-15 | 1982-03-09 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Preparation of ammonium salt of hypocholesteremic fermentation product |
US4231938A (en) | 1979-06-15 | 1980-11-04 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Hypocholesteremic fermentation products and process of preparation |
US4444784A (en) | 1980-08-05 | 1984-04-24 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Antihypercholesterolemic compounds |
MX7065E (es) | 1980-06-06 | 1987-04-10 | Sankyo Co | Un procedimiento microbiologico para preparar derivados de ml-236b |
JPS5889191A (ja) | 1981-11-20 | 1983-05-27 | Sankyo Co Ltd | 3−ヒドロキシ−ml−236b誘導体の製造法 |
FR2531088B1 (fr) | 1982-07-29 | 1987-08-28 | Sanofi Sa | Produits anti-inflammatoires derives de l'acide methylenediphosphonique et leur procede de preparation |
WO1984002131A1 (en) | 1982-11-22 | 1984-06-07 | Sandoz Ag | Analogs of mevalolactone and derivatives thereof, processes for their production, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use as pharmaceuticals |
US5354772A (en) | 1982-11-22 | 1994-10-11 | Sandoz Pharm. Corp. | Indole analogs of mevalonolactone and derivatives thereof |
US4911165A (en) | 1983-01-12 | 1990-03-27 | Ethicon, Inc. | Pliabilized polypropylene surgical filaments |
US4761406A (en) | 1985-06-06 | 1988-08-02 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Regimen for treating osteoporosis |
US4681893A (en) | 1986-05-30 | 1987-07-21 | Warner-Lambert Company | Trans-6-[2-(3- or 4-carboxamido-substituted pyrrol-1-yl)alkyl]-4-hydroxypyran-2-one inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis |
DE3623397A1 (de) | 1986-07-11 | 1988-01-14 | Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh | Neue diphosphonsaeurederivate, verfahren zu deren herstellung und diese verbindungen enthaltende arzneimittel |
US4782084A (en) | 1987-06-29 | 1988-11-01 | Merck & Co., Inc. | HMG-COA reductase inhibitors |
US4885314A (en) | 1987-06-29 | 1989-12-05 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Novel HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors |
US4820850A (en) | 1987-07-10 | 1989-04-11 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Process for α-C-alkylation of the 8-acyl group on mevinolin and analogs thereof |
CA1339805C (en) | 1988-01-20 | 1998-04-07 | Yasuo Isomura | (cycloalkylamino)methylenebis(phosphonic acid) and medicines containing the same as an active |
US5030447A (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1991-07-09 | E. R. Squibb & Sons, Inc. | Pharmaceutical compositions having good stability |
US5180589A (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1993-01-19 | E. R. Squibb & Sons, Inc. | Pravastatin pharmaceuatical compositions having good stability |
US4916239A (en) | 1988-07-19 | 1990-04-10 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Process for the lactonization of mevinic acids and analogs thereof |
US5118853A (en) | 1988-10-13 | 1992-06-02 | Sandoz Ltd. | Processes for the synthesis of 3-disubstituted aminoacroleins |
US5290946A (en) | 1988-10-13 | 1994-03-01 | Sandoz Ltd. | Processes for the synthesis of 3-(substituted indolyl-2-yl)propenaldehydes |
US4929437A (en) | 1989-02-02 | 1990-05-29 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Coenzyme Q10 with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors |
US5189164A (en) | 1989-05-22 | 1993-02-23 | Sandoz Ltd. | Processes for the synthesis of syn-(E)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-substituted hept-6-enoic and heptanoic acids and derivatives and intermediates thereof |
US4922007A (en) | 1989-06-09 | 1990-05-01 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Process for preparing 4-amino-1-hydroxybutylidene-1,1-bisphosphonic acid or salts thereof |
FI94339C (fi) | 1989-07-21 | 1995-08-25 | Warner Lambert Co | Menetelmä farmaseuttisesti käyttökelpoisen /R-(R*,R*)/-2-(4-fluorifenyyli)- , -dihydroksi-5-(1-metyylietyyli)-3-fenyyli-4-/(fenyyliamino)karbonyyli/-1H-pyrroli-1-heptaanihapon ja sen farmaseuttisesti hyväksyttävien suolojen valmistamiseksi |
US5019651A (en) | 1990-06-20 | 1991-05-28 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Process for preparing 4-amino-1-hydroxybutylidene-1,1-bisphosphonic acid (ABP) or salts thereof |
US5177080A (en) | 1990-12-14 | 1993-01-05 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Substituted pyridyl-dihydroxy-heptenoic acid and its salts |
HU9203780D0 (en) | 1991-12-12 | 1993-03-29 | Sandoz Ag | Stabilized pharmaceutical products of hmg-coa reductase inhibitor and method for producing them |
US5298627A (en) | 1993-03-03 | 1994-03-29 | Warner-Lambert Company | Process for trans-6-[2-(substituted-pyrrol-1-yl)alkyl]pyran-2-one inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis |
TW257765B (zh) | 1993-08-25 | 1995-09-21 | Merck & Co Inc | |
US5510517A (en) | 1993-08-25 | 1996-04-23 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Process for producing N-amino-1-hydroxy-alkylidene-1,1-bisphosphonic acids |
JP4331913B2 (ja) | 2000-02-14 | 2009-09-16 | メルク エンド カムパニー インコーポレーテッド | エストロゲンレセプターモデュレーター |
US6462076B2 (en) * | 2000-06-14 | 2002-10-08 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Beta-amino acid nitrile derivatives as cathepsin K inhibitors |
ES2265453T3 (es) | 2000-11-27 | 2007-02-16 | MERCK & CO., INC. | Moduladores de receptores de estrogenos. |
PT1482924E (pt) * | 2002-03-05 | 2008-08-27 | Axys Pharm Inc | Inibidores de proteases da cisteína catepsina |
AU2003297363A1 (en) | 2002-12-23 | 2004-07-22 | Alcon, Inc. | Use of cathepsin k inhibitors for the treatment of glaucoma |
-
2014
- 2014-10-06 CN CN201480055695.1A patent/CN105593230B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-10-06 KR KR1020167008921A patent/KR20160065854A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-10-06 EP EP14790899.0A patent/EP3055314B1/en active Active
- 2014-10-06 RU RU2016116243A patent/RU2692799C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2014-10-06 AU AU2014332250A patent/AU2014332250B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2014-10-06 WO PCT/US2014/059215 patent/WO2015054089A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-10-06 US US14/506,760 patent/US9458181B2/en active Active
- 2014-10-06 CA CA2923272A patent/CA2923272A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-10-06 JP JP2016520595A patent/JP6454335B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-10-07 AR ARP140103731A patent/AR097948A1/es unknown
- 2014-10-07 TW TW103134941A patent/TWI656120B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002069901A2 (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2002-09-12 | Merck Frosst Canada & Co. | Cathepsin cysteine protease inhibitors |
CN1812967A (zh) * | 2003-06-30 | 2006-08-02 | 麦克弗罗斯特(加拿大)公司 | 组织蛋白酶半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 |
CN101218207A (zh) * | 2005-07-06 | 2008-07-09 | 默克弗罗斯特加拿大有限公司 | 组织蛋白酶半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 |
CN101687864A (zh) * | 2007-06-26 | 2010-03-31 | 阿斯利康(瑞典)有限公司 | 作为组织蛋白酶k抑制剂的1-氰基环丙基-衍生物 |
CN102459162A (zh) * | 2009-06-11 | 2012-05-16 | 霍夫曼-拉罗奇有限公司 | 新型环戊烷衍生物 |
CN103201274A (zh) * | 2010-11-05 | 2013-07-10 | 霍夫曼-拉罗奇有限公司 | 作为组织蛋白酶抑制剂的吡咯烷衍生物 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
JOEL ROBICHAUD ET AL.: ""β-Substituted cyclohexanecarboxamide cathepsin K inhibitors: Modification of the 1,2-disubstituted aromatic core"", 《BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS》 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111574422A (zh) * | 2017-01-24 | 2020-08-25 | 安斯泰来制药株式会社 | 苯基二氟甲基取代脯氨酰胺化合物 |
CN111574422B (zh) * | 2017-01-24 | 2023-09-08 | 安斯泰来制药株式会社 | 苯基二氟甲基取代脯氨酰胺化合物 |
CN109554456A (zh) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-04-02 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Gpr1基因在诊断或治疗骨生长或骨质异常疾病的应用 |
CN107964009A (zh) * | 2018-01-21 | 2018-04-27 | 吕迎春 | 一种2-吡啶衍生物取代的咪唑类化合物及其在防治骨质疏松药物中的应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2014332250A1 (en) | 2016-03-10 |
CN105593230B (zh) | 2018-07-06 |
EP3055314A1 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
TW201602102A (zh) | 2016-01-16 |
EP3055314B1 (en) | 2018-09-12 |
AU2014332250B2 (en) | 2018-07-19 |
JP2016532646A (ja) | 2016-10-20 |
RU2016116243A (ru) | 2017-11-14 |
US20150099719A1 (en) | 2015-04-09 |
AR097948A1 (es) | 2016-04-20 |
KR20160065854A (ko) | 2016-06-09 |
CA2923272A1 (en) | 2015-04-16 |
JP6454335B2 (ja) | 2019-01-16 |
WO2015054089A1 (en) | 2015-04-16 |
RU2016116243A3 (zh) | 2018-06-26 |
US9458181B2 (en) | 2016-10-04 |
RU2692799C2 (ru) | 2019-06-27 |
TWI656120B (zh) | 2019-04-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN105593230A (zh) | 组织蛋白酶半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 | |
EP1372655B1 (en) | Cathepsin cysteine protease inhibitors | |
CN100430052C (zh) | 组织蛋白酶半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 | |
CN101218207A (zh) | 组织蛋白酶半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 | |
WO2019226991A1 (en) | Androgen receptor modulators and methods for their use | |
CA2833493A1 (en) | Amide compound and pharmaceutical application therefor | |
EP2558087A1 (en) | AMIDO COMPOUNDS AS RORyt MODULATORS AND USES THEREOF | |
CN102391151A (zh) | 组织蛋白酶半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 | |
WO2008072682A1 (ja) | イミダゾ[1,2-b]ピリダジン誘導体 | |
CN104395309A (zh) | 环状桥头醚dgat1抑制剂 | |
CN110049970A (zh) | 作为细菌氨酰-trna合成酶的抑制剂的2-氨基-n-(芳基亚磺酰基)-乙酰胺化合物 | |
US20060166966A1 (en) | 4-amino-azepan-3-one compounds as cathepsin k inhibitors useful in the treatment of osteoporosis | |
CN102656172B (zh) | 8-氧代二氢嘌呤衍生物 | |
EP3104705B1 (en) | Cathepsin cysteine protease inhibitors | |
EP3054947B1 (en) | Cathepsin cysteine protease inhibitors | |
ES2465005T3 (es) | Derivado de óxido de benzotiofeno y sus sales | |
CN106928113A (zh) | 组织蛋白酶k抑制剂及其用途 | |
CN104487425A (zh) | 治疗细菌性疾病的嘧啶衍生物 | |
WO2009128521A1 (ja) | システインプロテアーゼ阻害剤 | |
WO1997046515A1 (fr) | Benzenes substitues ne presentant pas d'effets inhibiteurs |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20180706 Termination date: 20201006 |
|
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |