CN105569786B - 排气催化转化器 - Google Patents

排气催化转化器 Download PDF

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CN105569786B
CN105569786B CN201510939864.4A CN201510939864A CN105569786B CN 105569786 B CN105569786 B CN 105569786B CN 201510939864 A CN201510939864 A CN 201510939864A CN 105569786 B CN105569786 B CN 105569786B
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exhaust gas
module
flow channel
catalytic converter
gas purification
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CN105569786A (zh
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M·森根
U·戴森霍费尔
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MAN Energy Solutions SE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
    • F01N13/017—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/087—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits having valves upstream of silencing apparatus for by-passing at least part of exhaust directly to atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1838—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly characterised by the type of connection between parts of exhaust or silencing apparatus, e.g. between housing and tubes, between tubes and baffles
    • F01N13/1844—Mechanical joints
    • F01N13/1855—Mechanical joints the connection being realised by using bolts, screws, rivets or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1888—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly the housing of the assembly consisting of two or more parts, e.g. two half-shells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1888—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly the housing of the assembly consisting of two or more parts, e.g. two half-shells
    • F01N13/1894—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly the housing of the assembly consisting of two or more parts, e.g. two half-shells the parts being assembled in longitudinal direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2053—By-passing catalytic reactors, e.g. to prevent overheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/18—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes the axis of inlet or outlet tubes being other than the longitudinal axis of apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/22—Inlet and outlet tubes being positioned on the same side of the apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

一种排气催化转化器(10)，特别是内燃机的SCR排气催化转化器，具有对接模块(11)，其包括用于待净化的排气的入口(14)和用于净化的排气的出口(15)；具有转移模块(12)，其用于转移待净化的排气；且具有至少一个排气净化模块(13)，其定位在对接模块(11)和转移模块(12)之间，该排气净化模块(13)容纳催化体(27)，催化体被排气流过以用于排气净化；其中对接模块(11)包括径向外流道(16)和径向内流道(17)，径向外流道(16)被待净化的排气流过且联接至入口(14)，径向内流道(17)被净化的排气流过且联接至出口(15)；其中所述或每个排气净化模块(13)包括径向外流道(20)和径向内流道(21)，径向外流道(20)与对接模块(11)的径向外流道(16)对齐或连通，径向内流道(21)与对接模块(11)的径向内流道(17)对齐或连通。

Description

排气催化转化器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种排气催化转化器。
背景技术
在大型发动机中，例如像船用发动机，经由排气催化转化器的排气净化日益增加地使用。截止目前，排气催化转化器是个别地适用于相应内燃机的组件。存在对于并非特别地适用于一种内燃机而是可与不同的内燃机结合使用的排气催化转化器的需要。
发明内容
由此开始，本发明的目的是基于创造一种新型的排气催化转化器。
该目的由根据本发明的排气催化转化器解决。根据本发明，排气催化转化器包括：对接模块，其包括用于待净化的排气的入口和用于净化的排气的出口；转移模块，其用于转移待净化的排气；和至少一个排气净化模块，其定位在对接模块和转移模块之间，该排气净化模块容纳催化体，催化体被排气流过以用于排气净化；其中对接模块包括径向外流道和径向内流道，径向外流道被待净化的排气流过且联接至入口，径向内流道被净化的排气流过且联接至出口；其中所述或每个排气净化模块包括径向外流道和径向内流道，该径向外流道与对接模块的径向外流道对齐或连通，该径向内流道与对接模块的径向内流道对齐或连通，其中催化体定位在所述或每个排气净化模块的径向内流道中；其中转移模块将来自与所述转移模块相邻的排气净化模块的径向外流道的流转移到所述排气净化模块的径向内流道中。
本发明提出一种模块化设计的排气催化转化器，其包括对接模块、转移模块和至少一个排气净化模块。通过使用的排气净化模块的数量，排气催化转化器可适用于相应的内燃机。对接模块用于将排气催化转化器连接到相应的内燃机。
根据进一步有利的发展，多个排气净化模块定位在对接模块和转移模块之间，该多个排气净化模块一个接一个堆叠状串联地设置，使得不同排气净化模块(其基于同样的排气净化模块)的催化体被排气一个接一个串联地流过。可适用于相应内燃机的高效的多级排气净化由此变得可能。
根据更进一步有利的发展，对接模块的入口和对接模块的出口可经由旁路联接，其中旁路阀集成在旁路中，旁路阀在打开状态下连通入口和出口且在关闭状态下断开入口和出口。优选地，阀集成在对接模块的入口中，阀在打开的旁路的情况下在关闭状态下断开对接模块的入口与所述对接模块的径向外流道。由此，如果需要，有可能经由旁路引导排气经过排气催化转化器。通过分配到入口的阀，排气催化转化器可与排气流完全断开。
根据更进一步有利的发展，对接模块还包括用于氨或氨的前体物质的定量装置，所述氨或氨的前体物质可经由定量装置引入待净化的排气中。优选地，氨或氨的前体物质可经由对接模块的定量装置引入对接模块的径向外流道中。可由此实现可适用于不同内燃机的SCR排气催化转化器。
附图说明
本发明的进一步优选的发展从从属权利要求和下文的描述获得。借助于附图更详细地说明本发明的示例性实施例，但并不限于此。附图显示了：
图1：根据本发明的排气催化转化器的透视图；
图2：根据本发明的排气催化转化器的前视图；
图3：根据本发明的排气催化转化器的侧视图；
图4：贯穿图3的截面；
图5：根据本发明的排气催化转化器的顶视图；
图6：根据本发明的排气催化转化器的排气净化模块的透视图。
参考标号列表
10 排气催化转化器
11 对接模块
12 转移模块
13 排气净化模块
14 入口
15 出口
16 流道
17 流道
18 外壁
19 内壁
20 流道
21 流道
22 外壁
23 内壁
24 外壁
25 底壁
26 转移装置
27 催化转化器本体
28 旁路
29 旁路阀
30 促动器
31 阀
32 促动器
33 定量装置
34 凸缘。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及排气催化转化器，特别是用于船用内燃机的SCR排气催化转化器，其优选地利用柴油或重燃油操作。
根据本发明的排气催化转化器10包括至少三个模块，即，对接模块11、转移模块12以及定位在对接模块11和转移模块12之间的至少一个排气净化模块13。在所示的优选示例性实施例，多个(即，两个)排气净化模块13定位在对接模块11和转移模块12之间，在对接模块11和转移模块12之间一个接一个或一个在另一个上面或彼此紧挨着堆叠状地串联定位。
对接模块11用于将排气催化转化器10连接到内燃机且包括用于待净化的排气的入口14和用于净化的排气的出口15。对接模块11在这种情况下包括径向外流道16(见图4)和径向内流道17，其中径向外流道16被待清洁的排气流过且联接到入口15，而径向内流道17被净化的排气流过且联接到出口15。对接模块11在这种情况下包括具有外壁18和内壁19的双壁结构，其中径向外流道16在径向外侧被外壁18限定且在径向内侧被内壁19限定，且其中径向内流道17在径向外侧被对接模块11的内壁19限定。
所述或每个排气净化模块13同样包括具有径向外流道20和径向内流道21的双壁结构。相应排气净化模块13的径向外流道20在径向外侧被相应排气净化模块13的外壁22限定且在径向内侧被相同模块的内壁23限定。相应排气净化模块13的径向内流道21在径向外侧被相应排气净化模块13的相应内壁23限定。
排气净化模块13的径向外流道20与对接模块11的径向外流道16对齐且与其连通，因此共同形成用于待净化的排气的径向外流道，其从对接模块11开始沿着转移模块12的方向。
排气净化模块13的径向内流道21与对接模块11的径向内流道17对齐且与其连通，因此共同形成用于净化的排气的径向内流道，其从转移模块12开始沿着对接模块11的方向。
级联状或堆叠状地定位在与对接模块11相对的侧上的转移模块12用于从径向外流道转移待净化的排气进入径向内流道，其中转移模块12将流从直接邻接转移模块12的排气净化模块13的外流道20转移到相同模块的内流道21中。
转移模块12包括外壁24和底壁25，其中，在底壁25的区域中，形成沿相邻排气净化模块13的方向朝内引导的转移体26，其用于流转移。
在所有情况下，对接模块11、转移模块12和定位在其间的所述或每个排气净化模块13的相邻模块在连接凸缘34上彼此连接。
每个排气净化模块13在相应径向内流道21的区域中容纳多个陶瓷催化体27，其被排气流过以用于排气净化。这些催化体27也被称为蜂窝结构且每个具有多个通道，该多个通道被排气流过以用于排气净化。每个排气净化模块13的催化体27在这种情况下被排气并行流过，而相邻或不同的排气净化模块13的催化体27被待净化的排气串行或串联地流过。
排气催化转化器10的每个排气净化模块13相应地形成排气净化级。通过堆叠状地布置且定位在对接模块11和转移模块12之间的排气净化装置13的数量，可确定排气净化级的数量，且因此排气催化转化器10容易适用于具体的内燃机。
在示出的优选示例性实施例中，对接模块11的入口14和其出口15可经由旁路28联接，其中在旁路28中集成了旁路阀29。通过旁路28，可在旁路排气阀29打开的情况下将排气引导经过排气催化转化器10。
借助于促动器30，旁路阀29可在打开位置和关闭位置之间转换，其中特别是当旁路阀29处于打开状态时，入口14和出口15是连通的，而特别是当旁路阀29处于关闭状态时，同样的入口14和出口15彼此是断开的。
在示出的示例性实施例中，阀31进一步集成在旁路28的支路下游的入口14中，其可经由促动器32在打开位置和关闭位置之间转换。在旁路28打开的情况下排气被引导经过排气催化转化器10时，为了完全避免排气经由入口14流入排气催化转化器10的对接模块11的径向外流道16，可在旁路阀28打开时关闭阀31。
优选地，根据本发明的排气催化转化器10是SCR催化转化器。在这种情况下，对接模块11更进一步地包括用于氨或氨的前体物质的定量装置33，经由该定量装置33，氨或氨的前体物质可被引入待净化的排气中，即，进入对接模块11的径向外流道16中。因此，待净化的排气和氨或氨的前体物质已经在对接模块11的径向外流道16中混合，其中所述排气和氨或氨的前体物质共同流过排气净化模块14的径向外流道20且共同转移到转移模块12的区域中，以便随后流过排气净化模块13的催化体27，其设置在相同模块的径向内流道21中。从对接模块11的径向内流道17开始，净化的排气可经由出口15从排气催化转化器10释放。
在示出的示例性实施例中，用于待净化的排气的入口14和用于氨或氨的前体物质的定量装置33均在径向方向上通向对接模块11的径向外流道16。这里，在示出的示例性实施例中，用于氨或氨的前体物质的定量装置33定位得与入口14大致完全相对。
入口14和定量装置33的准确布置以及它们相对于外壁18的准确对齐可以改变，但无论如何都被设计用于氨或氨的前体物质与排气已经如在对接模块11的径向外流道16中的那样最佳的彻底混合。
在内燃机中，例如船用柴油机中，优选地一个此排气催化转化器10被用于每个汽缸组。
显然，对于两个汽缸组形成一个模块也可能在本发明的范围内。
对接模块11和排气净化模块13的径向外流道16、20与其径向内流道17、21同心地行进，其中径向外流道16的流动方向和径向内流道17的流道方向相反。转移模块12用于从直接邻接的排气模块13的径向外流道20中转移流到相同模块的径向内流道21中。
未示出的污物收集装置可集成在转移模块12中，用于捕获包含在排气中的污染物。

Claims (8)

1.一种排气催化转化器(10)，特别是内燃机的SCR排气催化转化器，
具有对接模块(11)，所述对接模块(11)包括用于待净化的排气的入口(14)和用于净化的排气的出口(15)；
具有转移模块(12)，所述转移模块(12)用于转移所述待净化的排气；
具有至少一个排气净化模块(13)，所述排气净化模块(13)定位在所述对接模块(11)和所述转移模块(12)之间，所述排气净化模块(13)容纳催化体(27)，所述催化体(27)被排气流过以用于排气净化；
其中所述对接模块(11)包括径向外流道(16)和径向内流道(17)，所述径向外流道(16)被待净化的排气流过且联接至所述入口(14)，所述径向内流道(17)被净化的排气流过且联接至所述出口(15)；
其中所述或每个排气净化模块(13)包括径向外流道(20)和径向内流道(21)，所述径向外流道(20)与所述对接模块(11)的径向外流道(16)对齐或连通，所述径向内流道(21)与所述对接模块(11)的径向内流道(17)对齐或连通，其中所述催化体(27)定位在所述或每个排气净化模块(13)的径向内流道(21)中；
其中所述转移模块(12)将来自与所述转移模块(12)相邻的排气净化模块(13)的径向外流道(20)的流转移到所述排气净化模块(13)的径向内流道(21)中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的排气催化转化器，其特征在于，所述或每个排气净化模块(13)容纳多个催化体(27)，所述多个催化体(27)被排气并行流过。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的排气催化转化器，其特征在于，多个排气净化模块(13)定位在所述对接模块(11)和所述转移模块(12)之间，所述多个排气净化模块(13)一个接一个堆叠状串联地设置，使得不同排气净化模块(13)的所述催化体(27)被排气一个接一个串联地流过。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的排气催化转化器，其特征在于，所述转移模块(12)包括在底壁(25)上的转移体(26)。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的排气催化转化器，其特征在于，所述对接模块(11)的入口(14)和所述对接模块(11)的出口(15)可经由旁路(28)联接，其中旁路阀(29)集成在所述旁路(28)中，所述旁路阀(29)在打开状态下连通入口(14)和出口(15)且在关闭状态下断开入口(14)和出口(15)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的排气催化转化器，其特征在于，阀(31)集成在所述对接模块(11)的入口(14)中，所述阀(31)在打开的旁路(28)的情况下在关闭状态下断开所述对接模块(11)的入口(14)与所述对接模块(11)的径向外流道(16)。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的排气催化转化器，其特征在于，所述对接模块(11)还包括用于氨或氨的前体物质的定量装置(33)，所述氨或氨的前体物质可经由所述定量装置(33)引入所述待净化的排气中。
8.根据权利要求7所述的排气催化转化器，其特征在于，所述氨或氨的前体物质可经由所述对接模块(11)的定量装置(33)引入所述对接模块(11)的径向外流道(16)中。
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