CN105565595A - Double-layer ditch treatment system for reducing farmland drainage pollutants - Google Patents
Double-layer ditch treatment system for reducing farmland drainage pollutants Download PDFInfo
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- CN105565595A CN105565595A CN201510956894.6A CN201510956894A CN105565595A CN 105565595 A CN105565595 A CN 105565595A CN 201510956894 A CN201510956894 A CN 201510956894A CN 105565595 A CN105565595 A CN 105565595A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/10—Solids, e.g. total solids [TS], total suspended solids [TSS] or volatile solids [VS]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/16—Total nitrogen (tkN-N)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural non-point source pollution control and discloses a double-layer ditch treatment system for reducing farmland drainage pollutants. The system comprises an upper section and a lower section arranged at the bottom of the upper section, the lower section comprises a trap, a filter wall, a blind ditch and a sedimentation tank, a water inlet pipe and a ball valve installed on the water inlet pipe are arranged at the top end of the front tank wall of the trap, a drainage pipe is arranged at the top end of the rear tank wall of the sedimentation tank, and the upper section is an original ditch. At ordinary times, water drained from the ditch sequentially passes the trap, the filter wall, the blind ditch and the sedimentation tank from the lower section of the treatment system to be purified, accumulated wastewater can be reused for agricultural irrigation, flood of the ditch can directly pass from the upper section of the system when it rains heavily, and the drainage function of the ditch is unaffected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system, be specifically related to a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system of cutting down farmland drainage pollutent, belong to widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area control techniques field.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the enhancing of mankind's activity, water pollutions and body eutrophication problem become increasingly conspicuous.Widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area as the main source of water pollution has become the important focus that Water Environmental Pollution Control, especially lake pollution are administered.Agriculture drainage ditch system, as the transitional zone of face, farmland source emission and downstream receiving water body, has draining and pollutent abatement dual-use function simultaneously, day by day becomes one of focus that protection of the water environment person at different levels pays close attention to.
At present, an important directions of agriculture drainage ditch Systematical control pollution of area source research is that ecological canal builds and application, and its content construction mainly comprises engineering and plant two parts.Engineering part mainly adopts interception dam or different bulkhead tech such as eco-concrete, ecological brick, slope protection net etc. to increase roughness and the resistance of irrigation canals and ditches, thus reduces flow velocity, Littoral Barrier, increases the irrigation canals and ditches water conservancy residence time; Increase the contact area of water body and ditch slope and bottom of trench simultaneously, promote absorption and the degraded of pollutent.Plant part screens mainly through the comparison of different plant and distributes rationally, improves plant to the absorption of irrigation canals and ditches water body and interception speed.
Although large quantity research confirms, compare natural drainage irrigation canals and ditches, ecological canal has better removal ability to the pollutent in farmland drainage, and existing ecological canal still exists following problems.1. the most flows faster of the water body in ecological canal, cause hydraulic detention time short, contaminant removal efficiency is low.If arrange too much or too high interception dam in irrigation canals and ditches, affect again the drain function of irrigation canals and ditches; 2. the plant in ecological canal needs periodical reaping, if gather in not in time, growing plants easily blocks irrigation canals and ditches on the one hand, affects irrigation canals and ditches draining; The elements such as carbon nitrogen phosphorus when plant decay decomposes on the other hand in body can discharge again again, cause secondary pollution.The harvesting of plant adds operation and management cost virtually, and the biomass of a large amount of results are also a kind of solid waste, if can not process in time, also can cause serious environmental problem; 3. research shows, agricultural wastewater nitrate nitrogen exceeds standard the most serious, and effective abatement of nitrate nitrogen is the key realizing agricultural wastewater process.At present, the removal of nitrate nitrogen is mainly by the denitrification of microorganism, but irrigation canals and ditches drain flow is strong, and its dissolved oxygen (DO) is relatively high, is unfavorable for microorganism denitrification, causes the removal effect of nitrogen generally on the low side; 4. existing ecological canal mainly pays close attention to the contaminant removal efficiency of agricultural effluent, consider less to the accumulation of waste water and recycle, hardly realize, agricultural effluent is also important water resources, if reasonably can collect, process and recycle, by the generation of the demand and agricultural effluent that greatly reduce irrigation water.
Above problem shows that region, China farmland is badly in need of exploitation one and is not affected irrigation canals and ditches proper drainage, but can improve waste water accumulation in irrigation canals and ditches, retention time of sewage, the novel irrigation canals and ditches of microbial film surface-area and microorganism denitrification efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention overcomes existing defect, a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system of cutting down farmland drainage pollutent is provided, draining at ordinary times in irrigation canals and ditches is purified by trap, filtration wall, covered conduit and settling tank successively from lower floor's section for the treatment of system, and the waste water accumulated can be reused for agricultural irrigation.During heavy rain, irrigation canals and ditches flood can directly pass through from system upper strata section, does not affect irrigation canals and ditches drain function, effectively can solve the problem in background technology.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides following technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system of cutting down farmland drainage pollutent, comprise upper strata section and be arranged on the lower floor's section bottom the section of upper strata, described lower floor section is made up of trap, filtration wall, covered conduit and settling tank group, the front pool wall top of described trap is provided with water inlet pipe and is arranged on the ball valve on water inlet pipe, the rear pool wall top of described settling tank is provided with water shoot, and described upper strata section is original irrigation canals and ditches.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, described treatment system is built in agriculture drainage ditch.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, to be separated and dividing plate can bear certain pressure between described upper strata section and lower floor's section by dividing plate, described spacer gap does encapsulation process to stop water_air exchange between upper strata section and lower floor's section.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, described lower floor section is in series successively by trap, filtration wall, covered conduit and settling tank.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the width of described upper strata section is identical with original irrigation canals and ditches, and in described lower floor section, the concrete size of trap, filtration wall, covered conduit, settling tank, water inlet pipe and water shoot is according to the actual size of original irrigation canals and ditches and water yield setting.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, fill organic waste filler in described trap, described organic waste filler can be to be formed by one or more arbitrary combination in maize straw, flower straw, straw, dish leaf, wood chip etc. and described organic waste filler needs periodic replacement.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, described filtration wall is by the filler wall of one or more arbitrary combination in haydite, zeolite, slag etc. and described filtration wall need regularly replace with anti-clogging plug.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in described covered conduit, be hung with the biologic packing material being easy to form microbial film.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, described biologic packing material is strip biologic packing material, be composed in series by spheroid and/or disk body and described strip biologic packing material in a row uniform vertical hanging in covered conduit.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, can place submersible pump in described settling tank and carry out agricultural irrigation for the waste water extracting lower floor's section accumulation, the bed mud in described settling tank needs periodic cleaning.
The beneficial effect that the present invention reaches is: a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system of cutting down farmland drainage pollutent, has following effect:
1, the method for the invention is tackled and be have accumulated a large amount of irrigation canals and ditches draining, and improve the hydraulic detention time of irrigation canals and ditches draining, the irrigation canals and ditches draining of accumulation is reused for agricultural irrigation, achieves the recycle of water resources;
2, the method for the invention significantly can cut down the pollutent in farmland ditch draining, and wherein the average removal rate of SS, COD, nitrate nitrogen, TN, TP reaches 30.94%, 23.72%, 15.14%, 13.90% and 11.31% respectively;
3, irrigation canals and ditches drainage processing method of the present invention does not affect irrigation canals and ditches draining, does not take any arable land, and operational management is simple, and is not subject to seasonal restrictions, and easily applies.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for specification sheets, together with embodiments of the present invention for explaining the present invention, is not construed as limiting the invention.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system vertical view cutting down farmland drainage pollutent described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system side-view cutting down farmland drainage pollutent described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system run duration double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system different loci DO concentration of cutting down farmland drainage pollutent described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a kind of average removal rate cutting down each water-quality guideline of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system run duration of farmland drainage pollutent described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Number in the figure: 1, water inlet pipe; 2, water shoot; 3, bottom of trench; 4, furrow bank; 5, trap; 6, wall is filtered; 7, covered conduit; 8, settling tank; 9, ball valve; 10, biologic packing material; 11, pool wall; 12, upper strata section; 13, lower floor's section; L1, trap length; L2, filtration wall width; L3, covered conduit length; L4, settling tank length; H1, trap and the settling tank degree of depth; H2, the covered conduit degree of depth; W1, treatment system width.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment: refer to Fig. 1-4, a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system of cutting down farmland drainage pollutent of the present invention, comprise upper strata section 12 and be arranged on the lower floor's section 13 bottom upper strata section 12, described lower floor section 13 is by trap 5, filter wall 6, covered conduit 7 and settling tank 8 groups formation, the front pool wall top of described trap 5 is provided with water inlet pipe 1 and is arranged on the ball valve 9 on water inlet pipe 1, the rear pool wall top of described settling tank 8 is provided with water shoot 2, described upper strata section 12 is original irrigation canals and ditches, dry maize straw filled by 5 li, described trap, haydite filled by described filtration wall 6: cinder (1:1), the uniform soft combined stuffing of vertical hanging in a row in described covered conduit 7, totally 450.
The present embodiment treatment system be specifically of a size of width W 1=0.4m; Length L1=1.0m, L2=0.3m, L3=14.7m, L4=1.0m; Height H 1=0.9m, height H 2=0.4m; System overall length 17m, bottom of trench 3 gradient 0.29%, waste water is detained total amount and is about 3m
3.
The present embodiment treatment system starts water inlet immediately and runs after building up, in operational process, waste water in irrigation canals and ditches flows to from water inlet pipe 1, flow out from water shoot 2 after flowing through trap 5, filtration wall 6, covered conduit 7, settling tank 8 successively, ball valve 9 on water inlet pipe 1 can control its flow velocity, is realized the removal of pollutent in flow process by the microbiological deterioration conversion etc. of sedimentation, filtration, absorption and carrier biofilm.Runoff unnecessary during heavy rain directly passes through from system upper strata section 12 (bottom of trench more than 3), does not affect the drain function of irrigation canals and ditches.Run duration, the filler of trap 5 and filtration wall 6 needs periodic replacement, and the mud of settling tank 8 needs periodic cleaning.
The present embodiment run duration is the water inlet of taken at regular intervals primary system and the water sample of water outlet weekly, the DO (measurement result is shown in Fig. 3) in periodic monitoring bilayer sewerage covered conduit 7.25 batches of water samples are gathered altogether from May 27 ,-2015 years on the 27th November in 2014, measure COD, SS in water sample, TN, TP, ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen concentration (influent quality concentration is in table 1), and calculating pollutants removal rate (calculation result is shown in Fig. 4), method of calculation are: clearance (%)=(influent concentration-aqueous concentration)/influent concentration × 100% of pollutent.
The mensuration of COD adopts potassium bichromate to disappear and boils oxidation style (GB11914-89); The mensuration of total nitrogen adopts alkaline chitinase to clear up-ultraviolet spectrophotometry (GB11894-89); Total phosphorus yield adopts alkaline potassium per-sulfate digestion-Ammonium Molybdate Spectrophotometric Method for Determination (GB11893-89); The mensuration of ammonia nitrogen adopts Berthelot spectrophotometry (HJ535-2009).The mensuration of nitrate nitrogen adopts ultraviolet spectrophotometry (HZ-HJ-SZ-0138); The mensuration of SS adopts weighting method (GB11901-89).
Table 1 run duration influent quality concentration (sample number: 25)
From the influent concentration data of table 1, in run duration water inlet, the concentration of TN and nitrate nitrogen is higher, is on average respectively 109.97mg/L and 99.80mg/L, exceeds surface water five class water quality standard more than 50 times; Secondly be COD and SS, be on average respectively 127.78mg/L and 35.12mg/L, wherein COD exceeds surface water five class water quality standard 3 times; And the concentration of TP and ammonia nitrogen is lower, be on average respectively 0.66mg/L and 3.51mg/L, also do not exceed the twice of surface water five class water quality standard.Show that the pollutent of this type of irrigation canals and ditches draining is mainly based on nitrate nitrogen, COD and SS takes second place, and in treating processes, nitrate nitrogen, COD and SS, especially the removal of nitrate nitrogen should as top priority.
Simultaneously, influent quality fluctuates larger over time.The maximum concentration of TN can reach about 250mg/L, and minimum concentration only has about 15mg/L; The maximum concentration of nitrate nitrogen can reach about 230mg/L, and minimum concentration only has about 10mg/L; The maximum concentration of COD can reach about 260mg/L, and minimum concentration only has about 50mg/L; The maximum concentration of SS can reach about 100mg/L, and minimum concentration only has about 10mg/L; The maximum concentration of TP is about 3.5mg/L, and minimum concentration only has about 0.2mg/L; The maximum concentration of ammonia nitrogen is about 15mg/L, and minimum concentration only has about 0.2mg/L; Show that this type of irrigation canals and ditches draining is due to the impact by many factors such as peasant household's fertilising, irrigation, rainfalls, Pollutant levels extremely unstable, intractability is larger.
From the DO data of Fig. 3, run duration is along with waste water flowing in systems in which, and DO reduces gradually.Wherein, the DO that covered conduit 7 is intake is about 2mg/L, time in the middle part of covered conduit 7, DO is lower than 1mg/L, show that first half segment base is originally in micro-aerobic environment, and to covered conduit 7 end, DO only has about 0.1mg/L, show that the second half section is in anaerobic environment, be conducive to microorganism denitrification and remove nitrate nitrogen.After waste water flows out from water outlet, owing to fully contacting with air, DO gos up to some extent.
From the clearance data of Fig. 4, the clearance of run duration treatment system to SS is the highest, average out to 30.94%, is secondly COD, nitre nitrogen, TN and TP, is respectively 23.72%, 15.14% and 13.90% and 11.31%.Show that treatment system has stronger removal effect to the various pollutents in irrigation canals and ditches draining.
Comprehensive above-mentioned data and analyze known, as a kind of embodiment cutting down the double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system of farmland drainage pollutent, irrigation canals and ditches draining (3m be tackled and be accumulated to embodiment, not affecting under irrigation canals and ditches draining, the prerequisite that do not occupy cultivated land, can
3), improve the hydraulic detention time of irrigation canals and ditches draining, increase the microbial film quantity in irrigation canals and ditches, promote the removal of irrigation canals and ditches draining SS, COD, nitrate nitrogen, TN, TP, and embodiment operational management is simple, easily applies.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. cut down the double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system of farmland drainage pollutent for one kind, it is characterized in that: comprise upper strata section (12) and be arranged on lower floor's section (13) of upper strata section (12) bottom, described lower floor section (13) is by trap (5), filter wall (6), covered conduit (7) and settling tank (8) group are formed, the front pool wall top of described trap (5) is provided with water inlet pipe (1) and is arranged on the ball valve (9) on water inlet pipe (1), the rear pool wall top of described settling tank (8) is provided with water shoot (2), described upper strata section (12) is original irrigation canals and ditches.
2. a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system of cutting down farmland drainage pollutent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described treatment system is built in agriculture drainage ditch.
3. a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system of cutting down farmland drainage pollutent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, separated by dividing plate between described upper strata section (12) and lower floor's section (13) and dividing plate can bear certain pressure, described spacer gap does encapsulation process to stop water_air exchange between upper strata section (12) and lower floor's section (13).
4. a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system of cutting down farmland drainage pollutent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described lower floor section (13) is in series successively by trap (5), filtration wall (6), covered conduit (7) and settling tank (8).
5. a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system of cutting down farmland drainage pollutent according to claim 1,3,4, it is characterized in that, the width on described upper strata section (12) is identical with original irrigation canals and ditches, and trap (5) in described lower floor section (13), the concrete size of filtering wall (6), covered conduit (7), settling tank (8), water inlet pipe (1) and water shoot (2) set according to the actual size of original irrigation canals and ditches and the water yield.
6. a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system of cutting down farmland drainage pollutent according to claim 1,4,5, it is characterized in that, fill organic waste filler in described trap (5), described organic waste filler can be to be formed by one or more arbitrary combination in maize straw, flower straw, straw, dish leaf, wood chip etc. and described organic waste filler needs periodic replacement.
7. a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system of cutting down farmland drainage pollutent according to claim 1,4,5, it is characterized in that, described filtration wall (6) is by the filler wall of one or more arbitrary combination in haydite, zeolite, slag etc. and described filtration wall (6) need regularly replace with anti-clogging plug.
8. a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system of cutting down farmland drainage pollutent according to claim 1,4,5, is characterized in that, is hung with the biologic packing material (10) being easy to form microbial film in described covered conduit (7).
9. a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system of cutting down farmland drainage pollutent according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described biologic packing material (10) is strip biologic packing material (10), be composed in series by spheroid and/or disk body and described strip biologic packing material (10) in a row uniform vertical hanging in covered conduit (7).
10. a kind of double-deck irrigation canals and ditches treatment system of cutting down farmland drainage pollutent according to claim 1,4,5, it is characterized in that, can place submersible pump in described settling tank (8) and carry out agricultural irrigation for the waste water extracting lower floor's section (13) and accumulate, the bed mud in described settling tank (8) needs periodic cleaning.
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| CN201510956894.6A CN105565595A (en) | 2015-12-19 | 2015-12-19 | Double-layer ditch treatment system for reducing farmland drainage pollutants |
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| CN201510956894.6A CN105565595A (en) | 2015-12-19 | 2015-12-19 | Double-layer ditch treatment system for reducing farmland drainage pollutants |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1594142A (en) * | 2004-06-18 | 2005-03-16 | 长江水资源保护科学研究所 | Method for treating and utilizing rain water in block |
| CN101638287A (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2010-02-03 | 重庆大学 | Sewage in-situ purification system using drainage ditch |
| CN103663852A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2014-03-26 | 陆小敏 | Underground type sewage treatment device |
| CN203768183U (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-08-13 | 西华师范大学 | Novel rural domestic sewage treatment system |
-
2015
- 2015-12-19 CN CN201510956894.6A patent/CN105565595A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1594142A (en) * | 2004-06-18 | 2005-03-16 | 长江水资源保护科学研究所 | Method for treating and utilizing rain water in block |
| CN101638287A (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2010-02-03 | 重庆大学 | Sewage in-situ purification system using drainage ditch |
| CN103663852A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2014-03-26 | 陆小敏 | Underground type sewage treatment device |
| CN203768183U (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-08-13 | 西华师范大学 | Novel rural domestic sewage treatment system |
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