CN105548004A - Single-abrasive grain scratching quick-stop test method for pre-dressing of ferrous metal test piece by spherical grinding head - Google Patents
Single-abrasive grain scratching quick-stop test method for pre-dressing of ferrous metal test piece by spherical grinding head Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 title abstract 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/06—Investigating by removing material, e.g. spark-testing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single-abrasive grain scratching quick-stop test method for pre-dressing of a ferrous metal test piece by a spherical grinding head, and belongs to the fields of testing of performances of a material and precise and super-precise machining in mechanical machining. The method comprises the following steps: the ferrous metal test piece is fixed and subjected to online moving balance; then, dressing is performed by adopting the spherical grinding head so as to meet the requirements on end face runout and toughness in testing; and the test piece is rotated at the specified rotation speed, and a tool bit the top end of which is fixedly connected with the single abrasive grain is radially fed at the specified cutting depth for scratching to form spiral scratches at the end face of the test piece, wherein the tool bit is separated away from the test piece instantly in the scratching process so as to 'freeze' the contact state of the abrasive grain and the test piece in the scratching process of the single abrasive grain, relevant mechanisms, such as material deformation, the formation of the processed surface, and the interface friction in the material removing process of the abrasive grain can be known better through metallographic sample preparation, three-dimensional contour measurement and microscopic observation, and means are further provided for the deep research of material removing mechanisms in the process of processing abrasive grains, such as grinding.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the material properties test in machining and precise and ultraprecise machining field, be specifically related to single the abrasive particle scratching that a kind of spherical mounted point repaiies ferrous metal test specimen in advance and stop method of testing soon.
Background technology
Stop method of testing soon and be also making tool disengage rapidly method of testing, refer to that utilizing external force that cutter or abrasive particle are speeded away cuts or grinding area, thus " freezing " exits contact condition that is instantaneous and test specimen at cutter or abrasive particle, keep the state of material for test distortion moment to go on record, and do not destroyed by follow-up process.This distortion moment can carry out more deep analysis by follow-up metallographic sample preparation and microexamination.This method can further investigate the Material Removal Mechanism in cutting or grinding process; have multiple quick-stop device in metal cutting field to be developed; corresponding test result also has report in correlative theses; but in grinding field, the method for testing of stopping soon for single abrasive particle scratching have not been reported.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part, provide single the abrasive particle scratching that a kind of spherical mounted point repaiies ferrous metal test specimen in advance and stop method of testing soon, by the contact area making the tool heads of installation abrasive particle hightail abrasive particle and test specimen, realize abrasive particle and test specimen contact condition in single abrasive scratching process " freezing ", by metallographic sample preparation and corresponding microexamination, better can understand the material deformation in abrasive particle removal materials process, machined surface is formed, the Related Mechanism such as interface friction, and then provide means for the further investigation of the abrasive machining process material cutting mechanisms such as grinding.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Single the abrasive particle scratching that spherical mounted point repaiies ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops a method of testing soon, comprising:
1) be fixed on electro spindle by ferrous metal test specimen, test specimen rotates by electro spindle; On-line dynamic balancing is carried out to this test specimen;
2) adopt spherical mounted point to repair dish to this test specimen, be better than IT1 level to form face runout amount in surface of test piece, what surface average roughness Ra was better than 10nm repaiies disk area, and concrete steps are as follows:
2-1) dish is repaiied in spherical mounted point roughing: cool spherical mounted point and test specimen while repairing dish, the range of speeds of repairing test specimen during dish is 3000 ~ 10000rpm, spherical mounted point is with the rotating speed rotation of 8000 ~ 20000rpm, simultaneously outside test specimen with the cutting-in of 10 ~ 50 μm along test specimen radial feed, speed of feed scope is 0.4 ~ 1.2mm/s, and feeding distance is 1/4 ~ 1/2 of test specimen diameter;
2-2) dish is repaiied in spherical mounted point finishing: cool spherical mounted point and test specimen while repairing dish, the range of speeds of repairing test specimen during dish is 3000 ~ 10000rpm, spherical mounted point is with the rotating speed rotation of 8000 ~ 20000rpm, simultaneously outside test specimen with the cutting-in of 2 ~ 10 μm along test specimen radial feed, speed of feed scope is 0.1 ~ 0.3mm/s, and feeding distance is 1/4 ~ 1/2 of test specimen diameter;
3) spherical mounted point touching tool setting gauge, determines the difference in height h repairing disk area and tool setting gauge tool setting plane
0; Spherical mounted point is replaced by the tool heads that top is connected with single abrasive particle, the abrasive particle on tool heads top touching tool setting gauge, then axial direction tool heads rotated along test specimen moves h
0+ δ, is positioned at test specimen to make the abrasive particle on tool heads top and repaiies δ place above disk area, complete tool setting;
4) tool heads level is moved to directly over the scratching point repairing disk area, and move down δ+a
pto make the scratching degree of depth for a
p; According to the scratching radius R at the scratching speed v that need test and scratching point place, pass through
the setting speed n of calculation testing piece; Test specimen rotates according to setting speed n, and tool heads radially feeding, disk area scratching formation spirality cut is being repaiied to make abrasive particle, in scratching process, tool heads moment departs from test specimen, the instantaneous linear velocity departing from moment tool heads top, higher than test specimen rotational line speed, departs from the contact condition of abrasive particle and test specimen instantaneously with " freezing "; Measuring system by being connected with tool heads in this process gathers the data in scratching process; While scratching, tool heads and test specimen are cooled.
In one embodiment: described abrasive particle is CBN, oxide ceramics or nitride ceramics, abrasive particle shape is spherical, conical or polygonal pyramid shape; This abrasive particle is fixed in tool heads top by mechanical grip, plating or soldering; Described tool heads is pressure head.
In one embodiment: described test specimen is disc; Because end face radius smaller portions linear velocity is less during test, can not realize higher scratching speed, in order to raise the efficiency, when repairing dish, spherical mounted point feeding distance is less than test specimen radius, and repairing disk area described in making is annular.
In one embodiment: described measuring system is dynamometry and acoustic emission system, comprise dynamometer, acoustic emission system, data collecting card and signal amplifier that mutual signal connects; Described tool heads is connected with acoustic emission system with dynamometer.
In one embodiment: the natural frequency of described dynamometer is higher than 4KHz, and dynamometry precision is better than 0.01N; The sample rate of described data collecting card is higher than 2M/s.
In one embodiment: described step 2) in, it is contrary with the sense of rotation of spherical mounted point to repair the sense of rotation of test specimen during dish.
In one embodiment: described tool heads is all better than 0.1 μm in the positioning precision of the axial direction rotated along test specimen and radial direction.
In one embodiment: the positioning precision of described tool setting gauge is better than 0.1 μm.
In one embodiment: described step 4) in, tool heads was departed from test specimen by high rigid spring or pneumatic impact wrench moment.
In one embodiment: described tool heads axis being parallel is in test specimen rotation; Described spherical mounted point axis being parallel is in test specimen rotation.
Apart from outside explanation, the connected mode between the single processing procedure of each device involved in the present invention and each device is this area routine techniques, is not described in detail at this.
The technical program is compared with background technology, and its tool has the following advantages:
1. single abrasive particle scratching of the present invention stops method of testing soon; in scratching process; the tool heads of installation abrasive particle is made to hightail the contact area of abrasive particle and test specimen; realize " freezing " of departing from abrasive particle and test specimen contact condition instantaneously in single abrasive scratching process; pass through microexamination; better can understand abrasive particle and remove the Related Mechanism such as material deformation, machined surface formation, interface friction in materials process, and then provide means for the further investigation of the abrasive machining process material cutting mechanisms such as grinding.
2. the present invention carries out on-line dynamic balancing to main shaft-sample system, avoids the significantly face runout in high-speed rotation or diameter run-out, thus keeps the stable contact condition between abrasive particle and test specimen; Simultaneously, spherical mounted point is utilized to carry out on-line machining to test specimen, improve form accuracy and the surface smoothness of test specimen simultaneously, improve test specimen rotating accuracy and grain motion precision, thus ensure that the relative motion precision between abrasive particle and test specimen, coordinate transient equilibrium, further ensure between abrasive particle and test specimen and wipe in distance can contact continually and steadily at comparatively dash, thus realize the high-speed, high precision scratching test of abrasive particle, and then ensure the accuracy of stopping test soon.
3., according to the general knowledge of this area, the machined surface quality of test specimen must be better than the surface quality that relevant grinding process obtains, and preferably exceed an order of magnitude, the cut test result obtained could be used for the analysis of grinding process cutting mechanisms; Because the present invention improves the quality of surface of test piece greatly, therefore, it is possible to meet the requirement of the high accuracy analysis such as grinding process cutting mechanisms, can be used for the research of Material Removal Mechanism in process of friction and wear and grinding.
4. the abrasive particle scratching degree of depth is greater than the stability of more than 5 times guarantee scratchings of surface of test piece fluctuating quantity; because the present invention improves the quality of surface of test piece greatly; surface of test piece precision and smooth finish good; even the abrasive particle of small grain size also can realize stable high precision scratching; therefore may be used for single abrasive particle scratching test of small grain size abrasive particle; having expanded range of application of the present invention further, is also the very big promotion to the industry single abrasive particle scratching experimental technique.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is method of testing principle schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that of the present invention repairing coils Principle of Process schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 of the present inventionly stops principle schematic soon, and wherein Fig. 3 b is A place enlarged diagram in Fig. 3 a, also for " freezing " abrasive particle and test specimen depart from schematic diagram instantaneously.
Fig. 4 is the contrast of repairing surface of test piece three-dimensional appearance before and after dish in the embodiment of the present invention, and wherein Fig. 4 a is (through conventional planar accurate grinding processes) before repairing dish, and Fig. 4 b is for after repairing dish.
Fig. 5 is the contrast of repairing surface of test piece face runout amount before and after dish in the embodiment of the present invention, and wherein Fig. 5 a is (through conventional planar accurate grinding processes) before repairing dish, and its face runout amount maximal value can reach 16 μm; Fig. 5 b is for after repairing dish, and its face runout amount maximal value is 8.9 μm.
Fig. 6 is SEM photo and the three-dimensional appearance schematic diagram of cut in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is that in the embodiment of the present invention, abrasive particle and test specimen depart from is the three-dimensional appearance schematic diagram that cut " is freezed " region foremost instantaneously.
Fig. 8 is that in the embodiment of the present invention, abrasive particle and test specimen depart from is the two-dimensional section pattern schematic diagram that cut " is freezed " region foremost instantaneously.
Fig. 9 is that the continuous scratching of single abrasive particle of repairing disk area in comparative example of the present invention and not repairing disk area stops test result schematic diagram soon.
Reference numeral: test specimen 1, tool heads 2, repaiies disk area 3, tool setting gauge 4, spherical mounted point 5.
Embodiment
Content of the present invention is illustrated below by embodiment:
Spherical mounted point repaiies the continuous scratching method of testing of single abrasive particle of ferrous metal test specimen in advance, and the device adopted comprises:
Lathe, disc ferrous metal test specimen 1 is installed on the electro spindle of lathe, and test specimen 1 rotates by electro spindle;
Dynamic balance instrument, for carrying out on-line dynamic balancing to test specimen 1;
Spherical mounted point 5, for repairing dish to test specimen 1 end face; This spherical mounted point 5 is installed in support dismantledly, and is installed in lathe movably by support; Spherical mounted point 5 axis being parallel is in test specimen 1 rotation;
Tool heads 2, for carrying out scratching test; This tool heads 2 top is connected with the abrasive particle of single; This tool heads 2 can be installed in support with replacing mounting or dismounting mutually with spherical mounted point, and is installed in lathe movably by support; Tool heads 2 is connected with high rigid spring or pneumatic impact wrench, is departed from the moment of test specimen 1 by high rigid spring or pneumatic impact wrench implementation tool head 2; Tool heads 2 axis being parallel is in test specimen 1 rotation, and tool heads 2 at the axial direction of test specimen 1 rotation and can move in the radial direction, and is all better than 0.1 μm in the positioning precision of both direction;
Tool setting gauge 4, for carrying out tool setting to spherical mounted point and tool heads 2, positioning precision is better than 0.1 μm; Be installed in lathe, and and relative position between test specimen 1 keep fixing;
Measuring system is dynamometry and acoustic emission system, comprises dynamometer, acoustic emission system, data collecting card and signal amplifier that mutual signal connects; This tool heads 2 is connected with acoustic emission system with dynamometer; Data acquisition card signal connects computing machine;
Air-cooler: for the spherical mounted point repaiied in dish process and test specimen, and tool heads in scratching process and test specimen blow cooling.
Concrete method of testing is as follows:
1) be fixed on the electro spindle of lathe by the 45 steel disc test specimens 1 of diameter 400mm, thickness 20mm by the mode such as magnetic suction disc or mechanical clamp, test specimen 1 rotates by electro spindle; With dynamic balance instrument, on-line dynamic balancing is carried out to this test specimen 1, to reduce the vibration of test specimen 1 when High Rotation Speed, thus ensure that in scratching process, abrasive particle can stably contact with test specimen 1;
2) spherical mounted point 5 is adopted to repair dish to this test specimen 1, first carry out roughing, carry out finishing again, to form face runout amount 8.9 μm on test specimen 1 surface, the annular of surface average roughness Ra 5.25nm repaiies disk area 3, to reduce test specimen 1 face runout amount, improves surface quality, in further guarantee scratching process, abrasive particle can stably contact with test specimen 1, and concrete steps are as follows:
2-1) dish is repaiied in spherical mounted point roughing: open cold blower fan while repairing dish, cold wind aligning spherical mounted point 5 and test specimen 1 are cooled, the rotating speed repairing test specimen 1 during dish is 3000rpm, spherical mounted point 5 is with the rotating speed rotation of 10000rpm, outside test specimen 1, carry out single-point grinding with the cutting-in of 10 μm along test specimen radial feed simultaneously, speed of feed scope is 0.4 ~ 1.2mm/s, and feeding distance is 100mm;
2-2) dish is repaiied in spherical mounted point finishing: open cold blower fan while repairing dish, cold wind aligning spherical mounted point 5 and test specimen 1 are cooled, the rotating speed repairing test specimen 1 during dish is 3000rpm, spherical mounted point 5 is with the rotating speed rotation of 10000rpm, outside test specimen 1, carry out single-point grinding with the cutting-in of 2 μm along test specimen radial feed simultaneously, speed of feed scope is 0.1 ~ 0.3mm/s, and feeding distance is 100mm;
The contrast of repairing test specimen 1 three-dimensional surface shape and face runout amount before and after dish is shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 respectively;
3) spherical mounted point 5 touches tool setting gauge 4, determines the difference in height h repairing disk area 3 and tool setting gauge 4 tool setting plane
0; Spherical mounted point 5 is taken off from support, be replaced by top plating and be connected with single cone angle 90 degree, the tool heads 2 of the conical abrasive particle of round end radius 0.05mm, tool heads 2 top is gradually near tool setting gauge 4, when measuring system data produce sudden change, the abrasive particle on representational tool head 2 top just touches tool setting gauge 4 tool setting plane, then axial direction tool heads 2 rotated along test specimen moves h
0+ δ, is positioned at test specimen 1 to make the abrasive particle on tool heads 2 top and repaiies δ place above disk area 3, complete tool setting, thus can accurately control the scratching degree of depth when ensureing follow-up test;
4) tool heads 2 level is moved to directly over the scratching point repairing disk area 3, and move down δ+a
pto make the scratching degree of depth for a
p; According to the scratching radius R at the scratching speed v that need test and scratching point place, pass through
the setting speed n of calculation testing piece 1; Among the present embodiment, n=4000rpm, scratching speed v is 63m/s (corresponding R=150mm position) ~ 84m/s (corresponding R=200mm position), scratching degree of depth a
pbe set as 6 μm respectively; Open cold blower fan, cold wind alignment tools head and test specimen are cooled, and test specimen 1 rotates according to above-mentioned setting speed n, and tool heads 2 is radially with the speed feeding of 2m/s, to make abrasive particle form the continuous helical shape cut that spacing is 200 μm repairing disk area 3, the cut number of turns is greater than 3; Gathered the data in scratching process in this process by the dynamometer that is connected with tool heads 2 and acoustic emission system, and transfer to data collecting card by signal amplifier, then transfer to computing machine and calculate, the physical quantitys such as scratching power, acoustic emission signal can be obtained; In scratching process, when single abrasive particle scratching to the diameter on tool heads 2 top is circumferentially (scratching speed is 63m/s) of 150mm, tool heads 2 was departed from test specimen 1 by high rigid spring or pneumatic impact wrench moment, and the instantaneous linear velocity on disengaging moment tool heads 2 top is higher than test specimen 1 rotational line speed, to depart from the contact condition of abrasive particle and test specimen 1 instantaneously in " freezing " abrasive particle scratching process;
It should be noted that, that commonly uses in this area makes tool heads depart from the mode of test specimen by high rigid spring or pneumatic impact wrench, tool heads is fixed on high rigid spring or pneumatic impact wrench, depart from along circular arc under the drive of high rigid spring or pneumatic impact wrench during disengaging, therefore the instantaneous linear velocity on above-mentioned disengaging moment tool heads top refers to and departs from moment tool heads along the tangential velocity of circular motion, and direction of motion is now parallel to test specimen rotation and away from test specimen.
5) microexamination and measuring three-dimensional morphology are carried out to cut, as shown in Figure 6; Cut " is freezed " three-dimensional appearance in region and two-dimensional section pattern thereof as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 foremost.
As required, the deformed region " freezed " can also be sampled, inlay, polish, polishing and corrosion before single abrasive particle, make metallographic specimen and microexamination is carried out to metallographic specimen.
Among the present embodiment, the natural frequency of described dynamometer is higher than 4KHz, and dynamometry precision is better than 0.01N; The sample rate of described data collecting card is higher than 2M/s.
As required, described abrasive particle can be CBN (cubic boron nitride), oxide ceramics or nitride ceramics; Abrasive particle shape can also be spherical or polygonal pyramid shape; This abrasive particle is fixed in tool heads top by mechanical grip, plating or soldering; Described tool heads can be pressure head or other fixed grain form.
As required, the parameter of repairing dish adjusts and carries out one or many in following scope repaiies dish, can form face runout amount be better than IT1 level in surface of test piece, and what surface average roughness Ra was better than 10nm repaiies disk area:
2-1) dish is repaiied in spherical mounted point roughing: cool spherical mounted point and test specimen while repairing dish, the range of speeds of repairing test specimen during dish is 3000 ~ 10000rpm, spherical mounted point is with the rotating speed rotation of 8000 ~ 20000rpm, simultaneously outside test specimen with the cutting-in of 10 ~ 50 μm along test specimen radial feed, speed of feed scope is 0.4 ~ 1.2mm/s, and feeding distance is 1/4 ~ 1/2 of test specimen diameter; The sense of rotation of the sense of rotation of repairing test specimen during dish and spherical mounted point can identical also can be contrary, can speed of related movement be increased on the contrary, improve crudy;
2-2) dish is repaiied in spherical mounted point finishing: cool spherical mounted point and test specimen while repairing dish, the range of speeds of repairing test specimen during dish is 3000 ~ 10000rpm, spherical mounted point is with the rotating speed rotation of 8000 ~ 20000rpm, simultaneously outside test specimen with the cutting-in of 2 ~ 10 μm along test specimen radial feed, speed of feed scope is 0.1 ~ 0.3mm/s, and feeding distance is 1/4 ~ 1/2 of test specimen diameter; The sense of rotation of the sense of rotation of repairing test specimen during dish and spherical mounted point can identical also can be contrary, can speed of related movement be increased on the contrary, improve crudy.
Comparative example
Get ferrous metal test specimen, after conventional planar accurate grinding processes, surface of test piece is divided into two regions, one of them region carries out repairing dish according to dish step of repairing of the present invention, make its surface quality reach face runout amount and be better than IT1 level, surface average roughness Ra is better than 10nm, is designated as and repaiies disk area; Another region does not carry out repairing dish, is designated as and does not repair disk area.
Adopted by above-mentioned test specimen method of testing of the present invention to carry out single the continuous scratching of abrasive particle and stop test soon, cut is formed repairing disk area and do not repair in disk area under same test parameter, scratch depth is very little, micron order can be reached, its comparing result as shown in Figure 9, can find out, when scratch depth is very little, the cut repairing disk area forms coherent spirality, distribute in uniform intervals, detect its depth direction error and be less than 1 μm/1mm, show that abrasive particle and test specimen are wiped in distance and all can be contacted continually and steadily repairing the comparatively dash in disk area, thus the high-speed, high precision scratching that can realize abrasive particle stops test soon, and the cut not repairing disk area can not form coherent spirality, differ in cut interval, the cut depth, scratch width all have macroscopic otherness, show cannot contact continually and steadily between abrasive particle and test specimen, and the high-speed, high precision scratching that more cannot be used for abrasive particle stops test soon.
The above, be only present pre-ferred embodiments, therefore can not limit scope of the invention process according to this, the equivalence change namely done according to the scope of the claims of the present invention and description with modify, all should still belong in scope that the present invention contains.
Claims (10)
1. single the abrasive particle scratching that spherical mounted point repaiies ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops a method of testing soon, it is characterized in that: comprising:
1) be fixed on electro spindle by ferrous metal test specimen, test specimen rotates by electro spindle; On-line dynamic balancing is carried out to this test specimen;
2) adopt spherical mounted point to repair dish to this test specimen, be better than IT1 level to form face runout amount in surface of test piece, what surface average roughness Ra was better than 10nm repaiies disk area, and concrete steps are as follows:
2-1) dish is repaiied in spherical mounted point roughing: cool spherical mounted point and test specimen while repairing dish, the range of speeds of repairing test specimen during dish is 3000 ~ 10000rpm, spherical mounted point is with the rotating speed rotation of 8000 ~ 20000rpm, simultaneously outside test specimen with the cutting-in of 10 ~ 50 μm along test specimen radial feed, speed of feed scope is 0.4 ~ 1.2mm/s, and feeding distance is 1/4 ~ 1/2 of test specimen diameter;
2-2) dish is repaiied in spherical mounted point finishing: cool spherical mounted point and test specimen while repairing dish, the range of speeds of repairing test specimen during dish is 3000 ~ 10000rpm, spherical mounted point is with the rotating speed rotation of 8000 ~ 20000rpm, simultaneously outside test specimen with the cutting-in of 2 ~ 10 μm along test specimen radial feed, speed of feed scope is 0.1 ~ 0.3mm/s, and feeding distance is 1/4 ~ 1/2 of test specimen diameter;
3) spherical mounted point touching tool setting gauge, determines the difference in height h repairing disk area and tool setting gauge tool setting plane
0; Spherical mounted point is replaced by the tool heads that top is connected with single abrasive particle, the abrasive particle on tool heads top touching tool setting gauge, then axial direction tool heads rotated along test specimen moves h
0+ δ, is positioned at test specimen to make the abrasive particle on tool heads top and repaiies δ place above disk area, complete tool setting;
4) tool heads level is moved to directly over the scratching point repairing disk area, and move down δ+a
pto make the scratching degree of depth for a
p; According to the scratching radius R at the scratching speed v that need test and scratching point place, pass through
the setting speed n of calculation testing piece; Test specimen rotates according to setting speed n, and tool heads radially feeding, disk area scratching formation spirality cut is being repaiied to make abrasive particle, in scratching process, tool heads moment departs from test specimen, the instantaneous linear velocity departing from moment tool heads top, higher than test specimen rotational line speed, departs from the contact condition of abrasive particle and test specimen instantaneously with " freezing "; Measuring system by being connected with tool heads in this process gathers the data in scratching process; While scratching, tool heads and test specimen are cooled.
2. single the abrasive particle scratching that a kind of spherical mounted point according to claim 1 repaiies ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops method of testing soon, it is characterized in that: described abrasive particle is CBN, oxide ceramics or nitride ceramics, abrasive particle shape is spherical, conical or polygonal pyramid shape; This abrasive particle is fixed in tool heads top by mechanical grip, plating or soldering; Described tool heads is pressure head.
3. single the abrasive particle scratching that a kind of spherical mounted point according to claim 1 repaiies ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops method of testing soon, it is characterized in that: described test specimen is disc; When repairing dish, spherical mounted point feeding distance is less than test specimen radius, and repairing disk area is annular.
4. single the abrasive particle scratching that a kind of spherical mounted point according to claim 1 repaiies ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops method of testing soon, it is characterized in that: described measuring system is dynamometry and acoustic emission system, comprise dynamometer, acoustic emission system, data collecting card and signal amplifier that mutual signal connects; Described tool heads is connected with acoustic emission system with dynamometer.
5. single the abrasive particle scratching that a kind of spherical mounted point according to claim 4 repaiies ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops method of testing soon, it is characterized in that: the natural frequency of described dynamometer is higher than 4KHz, and dynamometry precision is better than 0.01N; The sample rate of described data collecting card is higher than 2M/s.
6. single the abrasive particle scratching that a kind of spherical mounted point according to claim 3 repaiies ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops method of testing soon, it is characterized in that: described step 2) in, it is contrary with the sense of rotation of spherical mounted point to repair the sense of rotation of test specimen during dish.
7. single the abrasive particle scratching that a kind of spherical mounted point according to claim 1 repaiies ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops method of testing soon, it is characterized in that: described tool heads is all better than 0.1 μm in the positioning precision of the axial direction rotated along test specimen and radial direction.
8. single the abrasive particle scratching that a kind of spherical mounted point according to claim 1 repaiies ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops method of testing soon, it is characterized in that: the positioning precision of described tool setting gauge is better than 0.1 μm.
9. single the abrasive particle scratching that a kind of spherical mounted point according to claim 1 repaiies ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops method of testing soon, it is characterized in that: described step 4) in, tool heads was departed from test specimen by high rigid spring or pneumatic impact wrench moment.
10. single the abrasive particle scratching that a kind of spherical mounted point according to claim 1 repaiies ferrous metal test specimen in advance stops method of testing soon, it is characterized in that: described tool heads axis being parallel is in test specimen rotation; Described spherical mounted point axis being parallel is in test specimen rotation.
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