CN105542863A - External heat radiation regenerative oil shale dry distillation furnace - Google Patents
External heat radiation regenerative oil shale dry distillation furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN105542863A CN105542863A CN201510973946.0A CN201510973946A CN105542863A CN 105542863 A CN105542863 A CN 105542863A CN 201510973946 A CN201510973946 A CN 201510973946A CN 105542863 A CN105542863 A CN 105542863A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/30—Fuel charging devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/34—Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
- C10J3/60—Processes
- C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
- C10J3/66—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
- C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/86—Other features combined with waste-heat boilers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1269—Heating the gasifier by radiating device, e.g. radiant tubes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an external heat radiation regenerative oil shale dry distillation furnace. The furnace is provided with a plurality rows of alternately arranged dry distillation chambers and combustion chambers; each row of combustion chambers is formed by a plurality layers of independent combustion channels; heat generated by combustion is transferred to oil shale in the dry distillation chambers with heat radiation and heat conduction manners with lattice-wall-structured heat conduction walls. With a gasification section, a cooling section, cooling water jackets and steam nozzle devices on the lower part of the dry distillation furnace, carbon residue in semicoke can be fully recycled, and semicoke and ash residual heat can be recycled. Water gas generated by the reaction of semicoke and steam is used as a medium for bringing out oil shale pyrolysis oil gas, such that outlet gas amount is low, dry distillation gas purity is high, and dry distillation gas heat value is high. The daily processing capacity of the dry distillation furnace can by higher tan 500t, and an oil yield can be higher than 90%. Water and electricity consumptions are low, and an auxiliary recovery system is small. With existing external heat dry distillation technologies, semicoke carbon residue cannot be utilized, thermal efficiency is low, maintenance is difficult, and yield is low. With the dry distillation furnace, the above problems are solved. The dry distillation furnace is especially suitable for water-deficient areas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of outer thermal radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort, specifically a kind ofly apply outer thermal radiation heating technique and regenerative combustion technology carries out the gas retort of destructive distillation oil refining to resinous shale, belong to oil shale retorting oil refining field.
Background technology
At present, Chinese widely used oil shale retorting oil refining technology mainly contains three kinds.The first is Fushun formula carbonization furnace, and upper semisection is retort section, and lower semisection is gasification section; Circulation carbonization gas passes in the middle part of gas retort, and after gasification section is burnt, produce with semicoke the shale heating retort section together with high-temperature flue gas, single stove processing power is 100t/ days, and process granularity is 12 ~ 75mm, and oily yield is about 75%.The second is complete circulation type gas retort, and without combustion unit in stove, rely on the thermal circulation gas passed in the middle part of gas retort to carry out destructive distillation to the resinous shale on top, single stove processing power is 300t/ days, and process granularity is 6 ~ 50mm, and oily yield is about 90%.The third SJ type gas combustion side stove, the high-temperature flue gas that carbonization gas and air combustion generate upwards is flowed from furnace bottom by grid wall, and the resinous shale of heating retort section, single stove processing power is 300-500t/ days, and process granularity is 6 ~ 80mm, and oily yield is about 80%.
Above three kinds of stoves all belong to employing gaseous heat-carrier distillation process, and technical maturity is stablized, but has the problem that in the stove of gaseous heat-carrier technique existence, gas distribution is uneven, bias current is serious; Simultaneously because the exit gas of gaseous heat-carrier gas retort comprises self-produced carbonization gas, combustion product gases, circulating gas, water vapor etc., gas volume is very large, thus ancillary works is huge, and water loss is large, and investment is large, and thermo-efficiency is low; Especially the area of lack of water is not suitable for.
Also having a kind of is the gas retort adopting external-heat distillation process, and be that the heat of combustion product gases is indirectly passed to resinous shale, flue gas does not contact with resinous shale, therefore, dry distillation gas purity is high, calorific value is high, and in coal gas, the concentration of shale oil is also high, is conducive to shale oil recovery; Can greatly reduce auxiliary recovery system simultaneously, can save and use water in a large number.But the difficult point of external-heat distillation process is the effective transmission being difficult to ensure furnace heat.The reason that all low because of thermo-efficiency, the stove scale of external-heat stove once prevailing abroad 20 ~ sixties of last century is difficult to amplify has been closed down.Recent year also has the patent of some external-heat oil shale distillation process of proposition, although make moderate progress on gas retort thermo-efficiency and production problems, but all can not recycle semicoke latent heat (i.e. carbon residue in semicoke, also fixed carbon is claimed) and semicoke sensible heat, semicoke directly discharges after coming out of the stove, and causes the wasting of resources and environmental pollution.Also the gas retort had adopts and arranges regenerator at stove interior (near the flue of combustion chamber), can produce the problem of maintenance difficult, also can bring the hidden danger of leaking gas and collaborating.
Therefore, need exploitation one badly and can overcome above-mentioned Problems existing, and thermo-efficiency is high, can fully recycle semicoke latent heat and sensible heat, with processing resinous shale amount high external-heat carbonization furnace time.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve above-mentioned prior art Problems existing, and provide a kind of and apply outer thermal radiation heating technique and regenerative combustion technology carries out the outer thermal radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort of destructive distillation oil refining to resinous shale, and this gas retort Stability Analysis of Structures, can fully recycle semicoke latent heat and sensible heat, thermo-efficiency is high, invests low, construction scale is flexible, easy-maintaining, the auxiliary recovery system in gas retort periphery is comparatively simple, is particularly useful for the area construction at water resources shortage.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: provide a kind of outer thermal radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort, comprise the body of heater of gas retort, the feed system of upper of furnace body and the slag discharging device of bottom of furnace body; The feed system of the upper of furnace body of described gas retort is provided with feeding device, distributing trolley, upper and lower bell and triangular baffle; The body of heater internal upper part of gas retort is the preheating section of resinous shale, and in the body of heater of gas retort, interval, middle part is furnished with combustion chamber and destructive distillation room, and combustion chamber placement is in both sides, destructive distillation room; The top of destructive distillation room is communicated with the preheating section of stove internal upper part, and the below of destructive distillation room is communicated with the gasification section of bottom in stove, cooling section;
The upper and lower bell composition double-charging bell mechanism of the upper of furnace body of described gas retort, for improving the stopping property of gas retort;
The preheating section of the body of heater internal upper part of described gas retort is provided with the venting port of natural gas gathering system;
In the body of heater of described gas retort, spaced apart combustion chamber, middle part and destructive distillation room for arrange structure more, combustion chamber is built by laying bricks or stones on the steel construction supported by girder steel, often arrange combustion chamber to be made up of the multilayer combustion passage be vertically arranged under the overlay from top to bottom, every layer of combustion channels forms by the refractory material laying of heat conduction, the two ends furnace wall of every layer of combustion channels is all provided with heat-accumulating burner, fuel burns in the combustion channel through heat-accumulating burner, and the heat of generation passes to destructive distillation room by heat-conduction wall with thermal radiation and heat conducting mode; The heat-conduction wall of described combustion channels both sides is built into tracery wall structure, and namely inside combustion channels, heat-conduction wall is built into battlement structure metope, is built into flat face structure metope outside heat-conduction wall; Destructive distillation room is defined between flat face structure metope outside the heat-conduction wall of the adjacent combustion channels of two rows;
In the body of heater of gas retort, bottom is provided with gasification section, cooling section, watercooling jacket, vaporiza-tion nozzle and steam pipeline; Described gasification section is carbon residue and water vapour conversion zone in semicoke; Watercooling jacket surrounds circuit by steel plate, is fixed on the both sides of cooling section, is full of soft water in watercooling jacket with channel-section steel, and is connected with afterheat boiler system with the soft water supply system outside gas retort; Described vaporiza-tion nozzle to be evenly arranged in bottom cooling section and to be connected with steam pipeline;
The slag discharging device of described gas retort bottom of furnace body is provided with scraping plate type eliminator and pond, connects between scraping plate type eliminator and gas retort with water seal, ensures the stopping property of gas retort, and the lime-ash generated after char Gasification reaction is discharged by slag discharging device.
Every layer of described combustion channels is separate, fully can provide the heat energy of burning, can ensure again the stability of gas retort; According to the treatment capacity number of combustion chambers of gas retort be 5 ~ 20 row, the number of plies of combustion channels is 6 ~ 12 layers.
The heat-conduction wall of described combustion channels both sides adopt modular tile build by laying bricks or stones into inner side for battlement structure metope and outside be flat face structure metope, in order to ensure intensity and the thermal conductivity of heat-conduction wall, make heat-conduction wall temperature inside combustion channels control at 1000 ~ 1350 DEG C by adjustment heat-accumulating burner working order, the flat face structural wall surface temperature outside heat-conduction wall is stabilized in 600 ~ 700 DEG C simultaneously.
The heat-accumulating burner that described combustion channels two ends are installed adopts interactively mode of operation, and when the heat-accumulating burner burning of one end, the heat-accumulating burner of the other end is in heat storage state; The commutation control of heat-accumulating burner adopts to install before every heat-accumulating burner pneumaticly cuts valve decentralised control soon, is provided with coal gas, air, flue gas is pneumatic cuts each one of valve soon before every heat-accumulating burner.
Lime-ash heat generation water vapor in the soft water absorption cooling section be full of in the watercooling jacket of described gas retort bottom, after water vapor carries out gas-liquid separation in the supporting waste heat boiler in outside, water vapour sprays into bottom cooling section through steam pipeline and vaporiza-tion nozzle, in water vapour uphill process, continue to absorb shale lime-ash heat form superheated vapo(u)r, and carbon residue gasification reaction generates water-gas in gasification section and semicoke, take away part semicoke sensible heat simultaneously; The high-temperature oil gas of destructive distillation indoor is taken away in the up process of water-gas.
Outer thermal radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort destructive distillation flow scheme of the present invention is:
1, resinous shale is sent into from the feed system of gas retort upper of furnace body, and by double-charging bell cloth, after contacting preheating with up high-temperature oil gas, under the effect of the triangular baffle above combustion chamber, it is indoor that resinous shale is uniformly distributed in each destructive distillation.
2, combustion chamber provides heat for oil shale retort in destructive distillation room.Many rows build by laying bricks or stones combustion chamber on the steel construction supported by girder steel, often arrange combustion chamber from top to bottom by multilayer independently combustion channels form.The heat-conduction wall of combustion chamber adopts the refractory material laying of high heat conduction to form, ensure that the intensity of combustion chamber and high thermal conductivity, combustion channels both sides heat-conduction wall adopts modular tile to build into tracery wall structure by laying bricks or stones, and namely the inner side of combustion channels is battlement structure metope, and outside is flat face structure metope; Combustion channels adopts heat storage type combustion, and heat-accumulating burner is arranged on the furnace wall at combustion channels two ends; Described heat-accumulating burner adopts interactively mode of operation, and when the heat-accumulating burner burning of one end, the heat-accumulating burner of the other end is in heat storage state; The commutation control of heat-accumulating burner adopts to install before every heat-accumulating burner pneumaticly cuts valve decentralised control soon, is provided with coal gas, air, flue gas is pneumatic cuts each one of valve soon before every heat-accumulating burner.
The heat-conduction wall of 3, destructive distillation coal mine gas combustion heating surrounding in the combustion channel, heat passes to the resinous shale of the indoor accumulation of destructive distillation with thermal radiation and heat conducting mode by battlement structure metope; Resinous shale pyrolysis of being heated generates shale oil and coal mine gas;
4, under the drive of the water-gas of bottom, destructive distillation room gasification section generation, high-temperature oil gas arrives top, destructive distillation room preheating section through the descending resinous shale bed of material, and after preheat oil shale, the venting port through natural gas gathering system imports total gas tube and enters follow-up treatment process.
5, the high-temperature semi-coke that resinous shale generates after destructive distillation continues to go downwards to gas retort bottom gasification section; Carbon residue in high-temperature semi-coke with generate water-gas (being mainly carbon monoxide and hydrogen) from the overheated steam gasification reaction that cooling section is up, take away part semicoke sensible heat simultaneously; Take away the oil gas in destructive distillation room as medium in the up process of water-gas.
6, the reacted high-temperature ash of char Gasification continues to go downwards to cooling section; The a large amount of steam of soft water absorption lime-ash heat generation in watercooling jacket, after water vapour carries out gas-liquid separation by outside supporting waste heat boiler, water vapour sprays into cooling section through steam pipeline from the vaporiza-tion nozzle bottom cooling section, continues to absorb shale lime-ash heat and form overheated steam in up process.In addition, the water vapour passed into plays certain sealing function to gas retort.
Resinous shale, when gas retort top fully contacts with resinous shale, is preheated to about 150 DEG C by the high-temperature oil gas (comprising the water-gas that char Gasification generates) 7, risen, and makes oil gas own temperature reduce simultaneously, derives subsequently through natural gas gathering system venting port; The shale oil that condensation is reclaimed sends into oil tank; After the coal mine gas (comprising the water-gas that char Gasification reaction generates) reclaimed purifies sulphur removal, major part sends into heat-accumulating burner, and produce high-temperature flue gas through burning and continue heating heat-conduction wall, the resinous shale for destructive distillation indoor provides destructive distillation institute heat requirement.
8, entering sealing pond after the cooling of shale lime-ash finally gets rid of outside stove by scraping plate type eliminator, after lime-ash is got rid of, because action of gravity top resinous shale falls naturally, continues retort process, so circulates.
The beneficial effect that outer thermal radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort of the present invention compared with prior art has is:
(1), gas retort of the present invention is stable.Gas retort top adopts double-charging bell charging, and the stopping property of gas retort is improved greatly.
(2), gas retort of the present invention fully can recycle semicoke latent heat (carbon residue) and semicoke sensible heat, raising gas retort thermo-efficiency;
(3), the destructive distillation room of gas retort of the present invention and combustion chamber are the structures adopting spaced layout, often arrange combustion chamber and be disposed in order independently combustion channels from top to bottom, thermo-efficiency is high, can ensure again the stability of stove, can solve the defects such as existing external-heat technomania inefficiency.
(4), gas retort heat-conduction wall of the present invention adopts flower wall type structure, ensureing the stability that can ensure gas retort structure while thermal conductivity; Inside combustion chamber, heat-conduction wall is the battlement structure of tracery wall, greatly can improve the contact area of flue gas and heat-conduction wall, improves heat; The side that heat-conduction wall connects destructive distillation room is flat face structure metope, is convenient to the movement of resinous shale in destructive distillation indoor; Heat-accumulating burner is arranged on the furnace wall of combustion channels two ends by the present invention simultaneously, namely outside at stove, is convenient to maintenance, can solves the defect of conventional gas retort regenerator maintenance difficult preferably.
(5), gas retort of the present invention utilizes semicoke carbon residue and water vapour to react and generates the high water-gas of purity, water-gas directly can be recycled together with destructive distillation oil gas, the water-gas reclaimed and destructive distillation oil gas, after isolation of purified, are taked desulfurization process further again, are reduced the corrosion of sulphur to equipment; Coal gas after process is directly fuel used as combustion channels.Gas retort of the present invention adopts the heat-accumulating type nozzle of high-efficiency environment friendly, can to flue gas heat recovery, and after fuel combustion, the quantity discharged of oxynitride is also very little.
(6), the present invention using water-gas as the medium taking oil shale distillation oil gas out of, instead of adopts SAPMAC method gas, reduce further venting port air output.Because gas retort of the present invention decreases the volumetric flow rate of carbonization gas, thus alleviate follow-up recovery of oil workshop section load and public affairs and additionally arrange and execute, decrease a large amount of cooling water.
(7), connect with water seal between scraping plate type eliminator and gas retort, to ensure the stopping property of gas retort bottom gas retort of the present invention.The ash temperature that gas retort of the present invention is got rid of is low, in pond, evaporation of water amount also obviously reduces, thus the increment of water in pond can be reduced, therefore water power more than 50% saved by gas retort of the present invention comparable same size gaseous heat-carrier gas retort, and the area be particularly suitable for water resources is deficienter uses.
(8), gas retort of the present invention investment is low, and construction scale is flexible, and the quantity of combustion chamber and destructive distillation room can increase in right amount according to need of production and field condition, to improve single stove production capacity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is outer thermal radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to cross-sectional schematic.
Fig. 3 is that the B-B of Fig. 2 is to cross-sectional schematic.
In above-mentioned figure: 1-feeding device, 2-distributing trolley, 3-upper bell, 4-lower bell, 5-venting port, 6-triangular baffle, 7-combustion chamber, 8-destructive distillation room, 9-gasification section, 10-cooling section; 11-watercooling jacket, 12-heat-conduction wall, 13-battlement structure metope, 14-flat face structure metope, 15-heat-accumulating burner, 16-steam pipeline, 17-vaporiza-tion nozzle, 18-combustion channels, 19-scraping plate type eliminator.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described, but enforcement of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1: the invention provides a kind of outer thermal radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort, its structure as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, gas retort comprises the body of heater of gas retort, the feed system of upper of furnace body and the slag discharging device of bottom of furnace body, the feed system of described upper of furnace body is provided with feeding device 1, distributing trolley 2, upper bell 3, lower bell 4 and triangular baffle 6.Resinous shale is thus lifted to gas retort furnace roof through feeding device 1, join in distributing trolley 2, distributing trolley 2 is along the truck orbiting being arranged on furnace roof, in moving process, by being arranged on the vibration material distributor structure on distributing trolley 2, resinous shale is dispersed in equably the upper bell 3 li being located at gas retort furnace roof, upper bell 3 and the lower bell 4 be arranged at below it form double-charging bell mechanism, complete the uniform distribution to gas retort.Each double-charging bell is two destructive distillation room 8 clothes.
The body of heater internal upper part of described gas retort is the preheating section of resinous shale, and the preheating section in gas retort body of heater is also provided with the venting port 5 of natural gas gathering system; In gas retort body of heater, middle part is provided with combustion chamber 7 and destructive distillation room 8, and combustion chamber placement is in both sides, destructive distillation room; The top of destructive distillation room 8 is communicated with the preheating section of body of heater internal upper part, and the below of destructive distillation room is communicated with the gasification section 9 of bottom in stove, cooling section 10;
Combustion chamber in the middle part of in the body of heater of described gas retort and destructive distillation room, for arrange structure, can be 5 ~ 20 rows according to the treatment capacity number of combustion chambers of gas retort more.Often arrange combustion chamber 7 by the multilayer be vertically arranged under the overlay from top to bottom independently combustion channels 18 form, the number of plies of combustion channels 18 can be 6 ~ 12 layers.The gas retort of the present embodiment is provided with 4 and drains and heat up in a steamer room, 5 row combustion chambers, and often arranging combustion chamber has 6 layers of independently combustion channels, see Fig. 1.Combustion chamber becomes heat-conduction wall 12 by the refractory material laying of high heat conduction.
See Fig. 2,3, the two ends furnace wall of every layer of combustion channels 18 is all provided with heat-accumulating burner 15, the heat-accumulating burner major part of installation, outside body of heater, is convenient to change and maintenance.Heat-accumulating burner 15 adopts interactively mode of operation, and when the heat-accumulating burner burning of one end time, the heat-accumulating burner of the other end is in heat storage state; The commutation control of heat-accumulating burner 15 pneumaticly cuts valve decentralised control soon by what install before every heat-accumulating burner, is provided with coal gas, air, flue gas is pneumatic cuts each one of valve soon before every heat-accumulating burner.When fuel burns in combustion channels 18 through heat-accumulating burner, the heat of generation to pass to the resinous shale in destructive distillation room 8 with thermal radiation and heat conducting mode by heat-conduction wall 12; The both sides heat-conduction wall of described each combustion channels 18 adopts flower wall type structure, and in each combustion channels, both sides heat-conduction wall is built into battlement structure metope 13, greatly can improve the contact area of flue gas and heat-conduction wall, improves heat; Be built into flat face structure metope 14 outside heat-conduction wall, be convenient to the movement of resinous shale in destructive distillation indoor.The space of destructive distillation room 8 has been crossed between metope outside the heat-conduction wall of the two adjacent combustion chambers of row.
It is inner that resinous shale is distributed in destructive distillation room 8 through upper and lower bell and triangular baffle 6, piles up until 0.5 ~ 1m place, triangular baffle 6 top by bottom destructive distillation room.Coal mine gas and air are then in each combustion channels 18 combustion, in the present embodiment, the battlement structure metope 13 of heat-conduction wall 12 is heated to about 1300 DEG C, heat is delivered to flat face structure metope 14, flat face structural wall surface temperature can reach 700 DEG C, then heat is passed to the resinous shale in destructive distillation room 8 with thermal radiation and heat exchange pattern by flat face structure metope 14.
The shale oil that oil shale pyrolysis generates and coal mine gas, upwards flow through resinous shale gap under the water-gas that char Gasification reaction generates in the gasification section of bottom, destructive distillation room drives, the resinous shale of top, destructive distillation room 8 preheating section be heated to about 150 DEG C.After oil gas is discharged from venting port 5, the gas-oil separation refining plant supporting by outside carries out gas-oil separation; The shale oil obtained is sent into oil tank and is carried out subsequent disposal; Return in heat-accumulating burner through Cemented filling after coal mine gas (comprising the water-gas that the char Gasification reaction generates) sulphur removal obtained, burn for destructive distillation room provides heat in combustion channels 18 as geseous fuel, remaining high heating value coal mine gas can also supply outward.
In gas retort stove, bottom is provided with gasification section 9, cooling section 10, watercooling jacket 11, steam pipeline 16 and vaporiza-tion nozzle 17, described gasification section is carbon residue and water vapour conversion zone in semicoke, the temperature that semicoke enters gasification section 9 is about 550 DEG C, carbon residue in high-temperature semi-coke, i.e. fixed carbon and up overheated steam water generation reaction coal gas; The oil gas driving destructive distillation to generate in the up process of water-gas enters the natural gas gathering system on gas retort top; The high-temperature ash generated after semicoke carbon residue and water vapour react continues to go downwards to cooling section 10.
The circuit that watercooling jacket 11 is surrounded by steel plate is formed, and is fixed on the both sides of cooling section 10 with channel-section steel.Soft water absorption high-temperature ash waste heat in watercooling jacket 11, generate a large amount of high-temperature vapour, after carrying out gas-liquid separation by the supporting waste heat boiler in outside, high-temperature vapor is passed into by the vaporiza-tion nozzle 17 be evenly arranged through steam pipeline 16 bottom cooling section 10, fully contact with high-temperature ash in up process, absorb lime-ash heat and form superheated vapo(u)r, be up to gasification section 9 and carry out gasification reaction with semicoke.
Gas retort bottom of furnace body is provided with discharge device, and the shale lime-ash after cooling enters sealing pond and finally gets rid of outside stove by scraping plate type eliminator 19, as shown in Figure 3.After lime-ash is got rid of, because action of gravity top resinous shale falls naturally, continue retort process.
Embodiment 2: the outer thermal radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort of one provided by the invention, its structure is substantially the same manner as Example 1, unlike being the single stove production capacity of expansion, combustion chamber 7 is designed to 20 rows, often arrange Combustion chamber design and have 12 layers of combustion channels 18, have 19 to drain accordingly and heat up in a steamer room 8, by coal mine gas and air in combustion channels 18 combustion, the battlement structure metope 13 of heat-conduction wall 12 is heated to 1000 DEG C, heat is delivered to flat face structure metope 14, flat face structural wall surface temperature can reach 600 DEG C, and all the other are with embodiment 1.Gas retort daily handling ability of the present invention can reach more than 500t, and oily yield is more than 90%.
Gas retort structure of the present invention is unique, and stable, thermo-efficiency is high, auxiliary recovery system is little, the coal gas purity of destructive distillation output is high, calorific value is high, and water power more than 50% saved by comparable same size gaseous heat-carrier gas retort, and the area be particularly suitable for water resources is deficienter uses.
Claims (5)
1. an outer thermal radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort, comprises the body of heater of gas retort, the feed system of upper of furnace body and the slag discharging device of bottom of furnace body; The feed system of the upper of furnace body of described gas retort is provided with feeding device, distributing trolley, upper and lower bell and triangular baffle; The body of heater internal upper part of gas retort is the preheating section of resinous shale, and in the body of heater of gas retort, interval, middle part is furnished with combustion chamber and destructive distillation room, and combustion chamber placement is in both sides, destructive distillation room; The top of destructive distillation room is communicated with the preheating section of stove internal upper part, and the below of destructive distillation room is communicated with the gasification section of bottom in stove, cooling section; It is characterized in that:
The upper and lower bell composition double-charging bell mechanism of the upper of furnace body of described gas retort, for improving the stopping property of gas retort;
The preheating section of the body of heater internal upper part of described gas retort is provided with the venting port of natural gas gathering system;
In the body of heater of described gas retort, spaced apart combustion chamber, middle part and destructive distillation room for arrange structure more, combustion chamber is built by laying bricks or stones on the steel construction supported by girder steel, often arrange combustion chamber to be made up of the multilayer combustion passage be vertically arranged under the overlay from top to bottom, every layer of combustion channels forms by the refractory material laying of heat conduction, the two ends furnace wall of every layer of combustion channels is all provided with heat-accumulating burner, fuel burns in the combustion channel through heat-accumulating burner, and the heat of generation passes to destructive distillation room by heat-conduction wall with thermal radiation and heat conducting mode; The heat-conduction wall of described combustion channels both sides is built into tracery wall structure, and namely inside combustion channels, heat-conduction wall is built into battlement structure metope, is built into flat face structure metope outside heat-conduction wall; Destructive distillation room is defined between flat face structure metope outside the heat-conduction wall of the adjacent combustion channels of two rows;
In the body of heater of gas retort, bottom is provided with gasification section, cooling section, watercooling jacket, vaporiza-tion nozzle and steam pipeline; Described gasification section is carbon residue and water vapour conversion zone in semicoke; Watercooling jacket surrounds circuit by steel plate, is fixed on the both sides of cooling section, is full of soft water in watercooling jacket with channel-section steel, and is connected with afterheat boiler system with the soft water supply system outside gas retort; Described vaporiza-tion nozzle to be evenly arranged in bottom cooling section and to be connected with steam pipeline;
The slag discharging device of described gas retort bottom of furnace body is provided with scraping plate type eliminator and pond, connects between scraping plate type eliminator and gas retort with water seal, ensures the stopping property of gas retort, and the lime-ash generated after char Gasification reaction is discharged by slag discharging device.
2. outer thermal radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort according to claim 1, is characterized in that: every layer of described combustion channels is separate, fully can provide the heat energy of burning, can ensure again the stability of gas retort; According to the treatment capacity number of combustion chambers of gas retort be 5 ~ 20 row, the number of plies of combustion channels is 6 ~ 12 layers.
3. outer thermal radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the heat-conduction wall of described combustion channels both sides adopt modular tile build by laying bricks or stones into inner side for battlement structure metope and outside be flat face structure metope, in order to ensure intensity and the thermal conductivity of heat-conduction wall, make heat-conduction wall temperature inside combustion channels control at 1000 ~ 1350 DEG C by adjustment heat-accumulating burner working order, the flat face structural wall surface temperature outside heat-conduction wall is stabilized in 600 ~ 700 DEG C simultaneously.
4. outer thermal radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the heat-accumulating burner that described combustion channels two ends are installed adopts interactively mode of operation, when the heat-accumulating burner burning of one end, the heat-accumulating burner of the other end is in heat storage state; The commutation control of heat-accumulating burner adopts to install before every heat-accumulating burner pneumaticly cuts valve decentralised control soon, is provided with coal gas, air, flue gas is pneumatic cuts each one of valve soon before every heat-accumulating burner.
5. outer thermal radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: lime-ash heat generation water vapor in the soft water absorption cooling section be full of in the watercooling jacket of described gas retort bottom, after water vapor carries out gas-liquid separation in the supporting waste heat boiler in outside, water vapour sprays into bottom cooling section through steam pipeline and vaporiza-tion nozzle, in water vapour uphill process, continue to absorb shale lime-ash heat form superheated vapo(u)r, and carbon residue gasification reaction generates water-gas in gasification section and semicoke, take away part semicoke sensible heat simultaneously; The high-temperature oil gas of destructive distillation indoor is taken away in the up process of water-gas.
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| CN105754627A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-07-13 | 抚顺矿业集团有限责任公司 | Novel small-particle shutter dry distillation furnace |
| CN106833703A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-13 | 北京神雾电力科技有限公司 | A kind of combined coal pyrolysis gas power generation system and method |
| CN107384483A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2017-11-24 | 许志英 | The gasification of biomass and pyrolytic process of a kind of scale |
| CN107474860A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-12-15 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | A kind of porous media external-heat carbonization furnace |
| CN110903838A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-03-24 | 北京龙源宏达科技发展有限公司 | Dry distillation furnace for dry slag removal of small oil shale particles |
| CN112210396A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-01-12 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Porous medium external heating filtering type oil shale retort |
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| CN105754627A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-07-13 | 抚顺矿业集团有限责任公司 | Novel small-particle shutter dry distillation furnace |
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| CN110903838A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-03-24 | 北京龙源宏达科技发展有限公司 | Dry distillation furnace for dry slag removal of small oil shale particles |
| CN112210396A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-01-12 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Porous medium external heating filtering type oil shale retort |
| CN112210396B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-02-15 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Porous medium external heating filtering type oil shale retort |
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