CN110903838A - Dry distillation furnace for dry slag removal of small oil shale particles - Google Patents
Dry distillation furnace for dry slag removal of small oil shale particles Download PDFInfo
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- CN110903838A CN110903838A CN201911387928.9A CN201911387928A CN110903838A CN 110903838 A CN110903838 A CN 110903838A CN 201911387928 A CN201911387928 A CN 201911387928A CN 110903838 A CN110903838 A CN 110903838A
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- furnace body
- heat exchange
- slag
- furnace
- oil shale
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/06—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of oil shale and/or or bituminous rocks
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B51/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by combined direct and indirect heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/02—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides an oil shale tiny particle dry slag removal retort, belongs to retort technical field, and including furnace body, gas collection umbrella, gas eduction tube, high temperature radiation heat transfer small ring pipe, high temperature radiation heat transfer big ring pipe, centrum grate, flue gas heat transfer pipe, scum board, the interior sediment transmission of stove, air and saturated steam mix into fire door, row's cinder box, water jacket cooling screw conveyer and the sealed heat transfer entry of steam. The invention carries out dry distillation and oil refining on the oil shale raw material with the thickness of 5 mm-13 mm or 5 mm-20 mm; the slag removal amount is controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of a motor through an adjustable frequency converter in a slag removal transmission device in the furnace by setting the height of a slag scraping plate in the furnace in a dry slag removal mode. After the ash is discharged, the gas in the furnace is blocked by steam with certain pressure from overflowing, and a part of steam and high-temperature ash are subjected to heat exchange and are fed into the furnace, so that the heat efficiency of the gas retort is improved. Cooling the ash slag by steam, and then conveying the ash slag semicoke out of the furnace by a water-cooling jacket screw conveyor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of retort furnaces, and particularly relates to an oil shale small-particle dry deslagging retort furnace.
Background
The currently used oil shale retort screens small particles, so that oil refining cannot be performed, a large amount of solid waste is formed, a large amount of land is occupied, and after stacking, spontaneous combustion can occur to generate a large amount of oil gas, so that the environment is influenced and damaged. Wherein about 75-85% of undersize is 5-20 mm or 5-13 mm of oil shale waste, which causes waste of oil shale resources.
There are patents: a small-particle oil shale dry distillation device (CN200910176747) is a dry distillation device aiming at screening lower small-particle oil shale, but the dry distillation device uses a single-layer heat exchange ring pipe, the heat exchange is uneven, the heat exchange rate is low, wet slag removal is used, small-particle oil shale ash, after washing, oil shale semicoke (oil shale ash) silicate can absorb a large amount of water, and the cake is stacked and cannot be dried, so that a large amount of solid waste is formed, a large amount of land is occupied, and the surrounding environment is damaged.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a new solution to solve this problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an oil shale tiny particle dry slag dry distillation furnace is used for solving the oil shale dry distillation furnace that uses at present and can not use tiny particle oil shale to refine oil, and existing tiny particle oil shale dry distillation device heat exchange rate is low and use wet slagging-off, a large amount of solid wastes, environmental pollution's technical problem such as.
A dry distillation furnace for dry deslagging of oil shale granules comprises a furnace body, a gas collection umbrella, a gas outlet pipe, a high-temperature radiation heat exchange small ring pipe, a high-temperature radiation heat exchange large ring pipe, a cone furnace grate, a flue gas heat exchange guide pipe, a slag scraping plate, a slag discharge transmission device in the furnace, a mixed air and saturated steam inlet, a slag discharge box, a water jacket cooling screw conveyor and a steam sealing heat exchange inlet,
the furnace body comprises an upper furnace body and a lower furnace body; the lower part of the upper furnace body is fixedly connected with the upper part of the lower furnace body, the side wall of the upper furnace body is of a sandwich structure with a cavity in the middle, a heat exchange gas outlet communicated with the cavity is formed outside the side wall of the upper furnace body, a feeding port and a dry distillation gas outlet are formed in the upper part of the upper furnace body, and a gas collecting umbrella is arranged inside the upper furnace body; the gas collecting umbrella is fixedly connected with the dry distillation gas outlet through a gas outlet pipe;
the lower furnace body is a dry distillation generation section furnace body, a high-temperature radiation heat exchange small ring pipe, a high-temperature radiation heat exchange large ring pipe and a cone-shaped grate are sequentially arranged in the lower furnace body from top to bottom, a slag discharge hole is formed in one side of the bottom of the lower furnace body, and the cone-shaped grate is fixedly arranged on the upper portion of the inner bottom of the lower furnace body; the upper part of the high-temperature radiation heat exchange small ring pipe is communicated with the lower part of the cavity of the upper furnace body through a flue gas heat exchange guide pipe, and the lower part of the high-temperature radiation heat exchange small ring pipe is fixedly connected with the high-temperature radiation heat exchange large ring pipe through the flue gas heat exchange guide pipe; the high-temperature radiation heat exchange large circular pipe is fixedly connected with a high-temperature radiation heat exchange gas inlet positioned outside the lower furnace body through a flue gas heat exchange guide pipe; the bottom of the cone-shaped grate is welded with a slag scraping plate, an air and saturated steam mixed furnace inlet, and the cone-shaped grate is connected with a slag discharging transmission device in the furnace; the slag scraping plate is provided with slag scraping holes along the periphery; the mixed furnace inlet of the air and the saturated steam is externally connected with a three-way riser;
the upper opening of the slag discharging box is fixedly connected with the lower part of the slag discharging hole, the lower opening of the slag discharging box is connected with the water jacket cooling screw conveyor, and the side wall of the slag discharging box is provided with a steam sealing heat exchange inlet.
The charging opening is positioned in the center of the upper part of the upper furnace body.
The lateral wall of the lower furnace body is a furnace body built by silica bricks, and the outside of the lateral wall of the lower furnace body is provided with heat-insulating cotton.
The number of the high-temperature radiation heat exchange small circular pipes is more than one.
The cone-shaped grate is a cone-shaped grate with a transverse and vertical air line.
And a gap is arranged between the slag scraping plate and the slag discharging hole.
The slag discharging transmission device in the furnace comprises a motor frequency converter and a motor.
Through the design scheme, the invention can bring the following beneficial effects:
1. the raw materials used in the invention can directly adopt the oil shale wastes with the thickness of 0-13 mm and 0-20 mm abandoned by the existing oil shale oil refining enterprises, a crushing device is omitted, the small-particle oil shale with the thickness of less than 5mm is removed only by sieving, and the oil shale raw materials with the thickness of 5-13 mm or 5-20 mm are subjected to dry distillation oil refining.
2. The invention adopts the combination of a gas heat carrier and a fixed solid heat carrier, the small-particle raw material moves from top to bottom by gravity, in the flowing process, 50-60 percent of heat is basically transferred by a high-temperature radiation heat exchange small ring pipe, a high-temperature radiation heat exchange large ring pipe and an upper furnace body with a heat exchange cavity, the heat of fixed carbon in the oil shale raw material accounts for 40-50 percent, and the purpose of realizing the dry distillation of the small-particle oil shale is achieved by absorbing the heat of the volatile components of combustion gas.
3. The invention adopts a dry slag removal mode, and controls the slag removal amount by setting the height of a slag scraping plate in the furnace and adjusting the rotating speed of a motor through an adjustable frequency converter in a slag removal transmission device in the furnace. After the ash is discharged, the gas in the furnace is blocked by steam with certain pressure from overflowing, and a part of steam and high-temperature ash are subjected to heat exchange and are fed into the furnace, so that the heat efficiency of the gas retort is improved. Cooling the ash slag by steam, conveying the ash slag semicoke out of the furnace by a water-cooling jacket screw conveyor, and conveying the ash slag semicoke out of a special sealed ash slag car.
4. The invention adopts a large-area cone-shaped grate with transverse and vertical directions, arranges air distribution lines with different gaps at the upper part and the lower part according to the resistance of raw oil shale particles, and is in overall contact with small-particle oil shale through the rotation of the grate in the furnace. The purpose of fully burning the fixed carbon is realized, and the heat efficiency of the small-particle carbonization furnace is improved.
5. The invention integrates combustion, gasification, dry distillation, drying and high-temperature radiation heat exchange into a whole, simplifies a plurality of devices, reduces the failure rate of the devices, has strong continuous operation capability and simple operation, has own uniqueness with the devices in the domestic oil shale industry at abroad, and has corresponding operation control performance on different grades of oil shale raw materials.
6. The invention considers the characteristics of energy conservation, environmental protection, waste utilization and the like in structure selection, has the definite characteristic of solid small-particle oil shale waste utilization of the domestic existing oil shale oil refining production enterprises, and has the characteristics of oil yield of more than 80%, strong continuity, simplified equipment, simple and easily controlled operation and the like.
7. The invention arranges more than two heat exchange ring pipes with different sizes at the dry distillation section of the furnace body, so that the heat exchange of the small particles is uniform in the falling process of the small particles in the furnace, and the dry distillation efficiency in the furnace is greatly improved.
8. The invention adopts a unique steam sealing and dry slag removal mode, so that the oil shale semicoke has commercial value, can be used for waste utilization, and is mainly environment-friendly and energy-saving.
9. The oil shale ash slag after dry deslagging in the invention forms a large amount of silicate after high-temperature treatment, is one of clinker in cement plants, and can be directly sold as raw materials in the cement plants. After coarse crushing, the coarse and fine materials are mixed according to different proportions, and the mixture is packaged and sealed to be used as cement mortar for general buildings, so that a large amount of natural sandstone resources are saved.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dry distillation furnace for removing slag from small particles of oil shale.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cone-shaped grate in the oil shale small-particle dry deslagging retort furnace.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the top view structure of a cone grate in the oil shale granule dry deslagging retort furnace of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a scraper in the oil shale granule dry deslagging dry distillation furnace.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the position relationship between a deslagging hole and a deslagging box in the oil shale small-particle dry deslagging dry distillation furnace.
In the figure, 1-furnace body, 2-gas collecting umbrella, 3-gas eduction tube, 4-high temperature radiation heat exchange small ring tube, 5-high temperature radiation heat exchange large ring tube, 6-cone furnace grate, 7-slag discharge hole, 8-flue gas heat exchange conduit, 9-slag scraping plate, 10-in-furnace slag discharge transmission device, 11-mixed air and saturated steam inlet, 12-slag discharge box, 13-water jacket cooling screw conveyer, 14-steam seal heat exchange inlet, 101-upper furnace body, 102-lower furnace body, 103-heat exchange gas outlet, 104-charging opening, 105-dry distillation gas outlet and 106-high temperature radiation heat exchange gas inlet.
Detailed Description
As shown in the figure, the oil shale small particle dry deslagging retort furnace comprises a furnace body 1, a gas collection umbrella 2, a gas outlet pipe 3, a high-temperature radiation heat exchange small ring pipe 4, a high-temperature radiation heat exchange large ring pipe 5, a cone furnace grate 6, a flue gas heat exchange guide pipe 8, a slag scraping plate 9, a deslagging transmission device 10 in the furnace, a mixed air and saturated steam inlet 11, a deslagging box 12, a water jacket cooling screw conveyor 13 and a steam sealing heat exchange inlet 14,
the furnace body 1 comprises an upper furnace body 101 and a lower furnace body 102; the lower part of the upper furnace body 101 is fixedly connected with the upper part of the lower furnace body 102, the side wall of the upper furnace body 101 is of a sandwich structure with a cavity in the middle, a heat exchange gas outlet 103 communicated with the cavity is arranged outside the side wall of the upper furnace body 101, the upper part of the upper furnace body 101 is provided with a feed inlet 104 and a dry distillation gas outlet 105, and a gas collection umbrella 2 is arranged inside the upper furnace body 101; the gas collecting umbrella 2 is fixedly connected with a dry distillation gas outlet 105 through a gas delivery pipe 3; the charging opening 104 is located at the center of the upper part of the upper furnace body 101.
The lower furnace body 102 is a dry distillation generation section furnace body, the side wall of the lower furnace body 102 is a furnace body built by silica bricks, heat insulation cotton is arranged outside the side wall of the lower furnace body 102, a high-temperature radiation heat exchange small ring pipe 4, a high-temperature radiation heat exchange large ring pipe 5 and a cone-shaped furnace bar 6 are sequentially arranged inside the lower furnace body 102 from top to bottom, a slag discharge hole 7 is arranged on one side of the bottom of the lower furnace body 102, and the cone-shaped furnace bar 6 is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the inner bottom of the lower furnace body 102; the number of the high-temperature radiation heat exchange small circular pipes 4 is more than one, the more than one high-temperature radiation heat exchange small circular pipes 4 are sequentially connected through a flue gas heat exchange guide pipe 8, the upper part of the uppermost high-temperature radiation heat exchange small circular pipe 4 is communicated with the lower part of the cavity of the upper furnace body 101 through the flue gas heat exchange guide pipe 8, and the lower part of the lowermost high-temperature radiation heat exchange small circular pipe 4 is fixedly connected with a high-temperature radiation heat exchange large circular pipe 5 through the flue gas heat exchange guide pipe 8; the high-temperature radiation heat exchange large ring pipe 5 is fixedly connected with a high-temperature radiation heat exchange gas inlet 106 positioned outside the lower furnace body 102 through a flue gas heat exchange guide pipe 8; the cone-shaped grate 6 is a cone-shaped grate with a transverse and vertical wind line, a slag scraping plate 9 and an air and saturated steam mixed furnace inlet 11 are welded at the bottom of the cone-shaped grate 6, the cone-shaped grate 6 is connected with a slag discharging transmission device 10 in the furnace, the slag discharging transmission device 10 in the furnace drives the cone-shaped grate 6 to rotate, and the cone-shaped grate 6 drives the slag scraping plate 9 and the air and saturated steam mixed furnace inlet 11 to rotate; the in-furnace slag discharge transmission device 10 comprises a motor frequency converter, a motor and a transmission shaft. A slag scraping hole is formed in the periphery of the slag scraping plate 9, and a gap is formed between the slag scraping plate 9 and the slag discharging hole 7 and is adjustable; the mixed air and saturated steam inlet 11 is externally connected with a three-way riser;
the upper opening of the slag discharging box 12 is fixedly connected with the lower part of the slag discharging hole 7, the lower opening of the slag discharging box 12 is connected with a water jacket cooling screw conveyor 13, and the side wall of the slag discharging box 12 is provided with a steam sealing heat exchange inlet 14. The invention adopts a unique steam sealing and dry slag removal mode, so that the oil shale semicoke has commercial value, can be used for waste utilization, and is mainly environment-friendly and energy-saving. After the oil shale ash slag after dry deslagging is subjected to high-temperature treatment, a large amount of silicate is formed, is one of clinker of a cement plant, and is directly sold as a raw material of the cement plant. After coarse crushing, the coarse and fine materials are mixed according to different proportions, and the mixture is packaged and sealed to be used as cement mortar for general buildings, so that a large amount of natural sandstone resources are saved.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an oil shale tiny particle dry slag removal retort which characterized by: comprises a furnace body (1), a gas collection umbrella (2), a gas outlet pipe (3), a high-temperature radiation heat exchange small ring pipe (4), a high-temperature radiation heat exchange large ring pipe (5), a cone furnace grate (6), a flue gas heat exchange guide pipe (8), a slag scraping plate (9), a slag discharge transmission device (10) in the furnace, a mixed air and saturated steam inlet (11), a slag discharge box (12), a water jacket cooling screw conveyor (13) and a steam sealing heat exchange inlet (14),
the furnace body (1) comprises an upper furnace body (101) and a lower furnace body (102); the lower part of the upper furnace body (101) is fixedly connected with the upper part of the lower furnace body (102), the side wall of the upper furnace body (101) is of a sandwich structure with a cavity in the middle, a heat exchange gas outlet (103) communicated with the cavity is arranged outside the side wall of the upper furnace body (101), the upper part of the upper furnace body (101) is provided with a feed inlet (104) and a carbonization gas outlet (105), and a gas collection umbrella (2) is arranged inside the upper furnace body (101); the gas collecting umbrella (2) is fixedly connected with the dry distillation gas outlet (105) through a gas delivery pipe (3);
the lower furnace body (102) is a dry distillation generation section furnace body, a high-temperature radiation heat exchange small ring pipe (4), a high-temperature radiation heat exchange large ring pipe (5) and a cone-shaped furnace grate (6) are sequentially arranged in the lower furnace body (102) from top to bottom, a slag discharge hole (7) is formed in one side of the bottom of the lower furnace body (102), and the cone-shaped furnace grate (6) is fixedly arranged on the upper portion of the inner bottom of the lower furnace body (102); the upper part of the high-temperature radiation heat exchange small ring pipe (4) is communicated with the lower part of the cavity of the upper furnace body (101) through a flue gas heat exchange guide pipe (8), and the lower part of the high-temperature radiation heat exchange small ring pipe (4) is fixedly connected with the high-temperature radiation heat exchange large ring pipe (5) through the flue gas heat exchange guide pipe (8); the high-temperature radiation heat exchange large ring pipe (5) is fixedly connected with a high-temperature radiation heat exchange gas inlet (106) positioned outside the lower furnace body (102) through a flue gas heat exchange guide pipe (8); the bottom of the cone-shaped grate (6) is welded with a slag scraping plate (9) and a mixed furnace inlet (11) of air and saturated steam, and the cone-shaped grate (6) is connected with a slag discharging transmission device (10) in the furnace; the slag scraping plate (9) is provided with slag scraping holes along the periphery; the mixed air and saturated steam inlet (11) is externally connected with a three-way riser;
the upper opening of the slag discharging box (12) is fixedly connected with the lower part of the slag discharging hole (7), the lower opening of the slag discharging box (12) is connected with the water jacket cooling screw conveyor (13), and the side wall of the slag discharging box (12) is provided with a steam sealing heat exchange inlet (14).
2. The dry slag removal retort of small oil shale particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the feed inlet (104) is positioned at the central position of the upper part of the upper furnace body (101).
3. The dry slag removal retort of small oil shale particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lateral wall of the lower furnace body (102) is a furnace body built by silica bricks, and the outside of the lateral wall of the lower furnace body (102) is provided with heat-insulating cotton.
4. The dry slag removal retort of small oil shale particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of the high-temperature radiation heat exchange small circular pipes (4) is more than one.
5. The dry slag removal retort of small oil shale particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cone-shaped grate (6) is a cone-shaped grate with a transverse air line and a vertical air line.
6. The dry slag removal retort of small oil shale particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a gap is arranged between the slag scraping plate (9) and the slag discharging hole (7).
7. The dry slag removal retort of small oil shale particles as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the slag discharging transmission device (10) in the furnace comprises a motor frequency converter and a motor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911387928.9A CN110903838A (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Dry distillation furnace for dry slag removal of small oil shale particles |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911387928.9A CN110903838A (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Dry distillation furnace for dry slag removal of small oil shale particles |
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| CN110903838A true CN110903838A (en) | 2020-03-24 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115825402A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-03-21 | 东营胜瑞石油科技有限公司 | Oil shale oil saturation detection device and use method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-12-30 CN CN201911387928.9A patent/CN110903838A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115825402A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-03-21 | 东营胜瑞石油科技有限公司 | Oil shale oil saturation detection device and use method thereof |
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