CN105542863B - A kind of outer heat radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort - Google Patents
A kind of outer heat radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort Download PDFInfo
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- CN105542863B CN105542863B CN201510973946.0A CN201510973946A CN105542863B CN 105542863 B CN105542863 B CN 105542863B CN 201510973946 A CN201510973946 A CN 201510973946A CN 105542863 B CN105542863 B CN 105542863B
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- heat
- gas
- retort
- destructive distillation
- oil shale
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/30—Fuel charging devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/34—Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
- C10J3/60—Processes
- C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
- C10J3/66—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
- C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/86—Other features combined with waste-heat boilers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1269—Heating the gasifier by radiating device, e.g. radiant tubes
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of outer heat radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort, provided with multiple rows of spaced destructive distillation room and combustion chamber；Often row combustion chamber is made up of the burning gallery of multilayer independence, and heat caused by combustion chamber is transmitted to the oil shale in destructive distillation room tracery wall structure heat-conduction wall in a manner of heat radiation and heat transfer；Gasification section, cooling section, cooling jacket and the vaporiza-tion nozzle facility of gas retort bottom, can fully recycle carbon residue in semicoke, and and can recycles semicoke and lime-ash waste heat；Using semicoke and the water-gas of vapor reaction generation as the medium for taking oil shale pyrolysis oil gas out of, outlet is narrow-minded, carbonization gas purity is high, calorific value is high；This gas retort daily handling ability is up to more than 500t, and oil yield is up to more than 90%, and water consumption, power consumption are small, and auxiliary recovery system is small.This gas retort solves the problems, such as that outer hot retorting technique can not utilize semicoke carbon residue, the thermal efficiency low, difficult in maintenance and yield poorly at present, the area use for the water resources shortage that is particularly suitable for use in.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of to add using outer heat radiation the present invention relates to a kind of outer heat radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort
Thermal technology and regenerative combustion technology carry out the gas retort of destructive distillation oil refining to oil shale, belong to oil shale retorting oil refining field.
Background technology
At present, the widely used oil shale retorting oil refining technology of China mainly has three kinds.The first is Fushun formula oil shale
Gas retort, upper semisection are retort section, and lower semisection is gasification section；Circulation carbonization gas is passed through in the middle part of gas retort, is being gasified with semicoke
High-temperature flue gas is produced after section burning and heats the shale of retort section together, single stove disposal ability is 100t/ days, processing granularity is 12~
75mm, oil yield are 75% or so.Second is complete circulation type gas retort, and stove is interior without burner, by the middle part of gas retort
The thermal circulation gas being passed through carries out destructive distillation to the oil shale on top, and single stove disposal ability is 300t/ days, and processing granularity is 6~
50mm, oil yield are 90% or so.The third SJ type gas combustion side stove, the high-temperature flue gas that carbonization gas generates with air burning pass through
Grid wall flows up from furnace bottom, heats the oil shale of retort section, and single stove disposal ability is 300-500t/ days, handles granularity
For 6~80mm, oil yield is 80% or so.
Three of the above stove belongs to use gas heat carrier distillation process, and technical maturity is stable, but has air heat load
The problem of gas distribution is uneven in stove existing for body technology, bias current is serious；Simultaneously because the exit gas of gas heat carrier gas retort
Including self-produced carbonization gas, combustion product gases, circulating gas, water vapour etc., gas flow is very big, so as to which ancillary works is huge, water consumption
Amount is big, and investment is big, and the thermal efficiency is low；It is not particularly suitable for the area for water shortage.
Also a kind of is the gas retort for using external-heat distillation process, is that the heat of combustion product gases is indirectly transmitted into oil supply
Shale, flue gas do not contact with oil shale, and therefore, dry distillation gas purity is high, calorific value is high, and the concentration of shale oil is also high in coal gas, has
Beneficial to the recovery of shale oil；Auxiliary recovery system can be substantially reduced simultaneously, can save and largely use water.But external-heat distillation process
Difficult point be the effective transmission for being difficult to ensure that furnace heat.20~sixties of last century foreign countries it is once prevailing external-heat stove it is equal
Because the reason for thermal efficiency is low, stove scale is difficult to amplification is closed down.Recent year also has some external-heat oil pages of proposition
The patent of rock distillation process, although being made moderate progress on destructive distillation furnace thermal efficiency and production problems, it can not recycle semicoke
Latent heat (carbon residue, also referred to as fixed carbon i.e. in semicoke) and semicoke sensible heat, semicoke directly discharge after coming out of the stove, and cause the wasting of resources and ring
Pollute in border.Also the gas retort having uses sets regenerator in stove interior (near the flue of combustion chamber), can produce maintenance difficult
Problem, also bring along the hidden danger that gas leakage is collaborated.
Therefore, above-mentioned problem can be overcome by needing exploitation one kind badly, and the thermal efficiency is high, can fully recycle semicoke dives
Heat and sensible heat, with the high external-heat carbonization furnace of time processing oil shale amount.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and a kind of outer heat radiation of application is provided and heated
Technology and regenerative combustion technology carry out the outer heat radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort of destructive distillation oil refining, and the destructive distillation to oil shale
Furnace structure is stable, can fully recycle semicoke latent heat and sensible heat, and the thermal efficiency is high, and investment is low, and construction scale is flexible, easy-maintaining,
Gas retort periphery auxiliary recovery system is simpler, is particularly suitable for use in and is built in the area of water resources shortage.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of outer heat radiation thermal storage type oil shale is provided to do
Furnace, include the body of heater of gas retort, the feed system of upper of furnace body and the slag-draining device of bottom of furnace body；The stove of the gas retort
The feed system on body top is provided with feeding device, distributing trolley, upper and lower bell and triangular baffle；The body of heater internal upper part of gas retort
For the preheating section of oil shale, the interior middle part arranged for interval combuster of body of heater and the destructive distillation room of gas retort, combustion chamber placement is in destructive distillation
Room both sides；The top of destructive distillation room connects with the preheating section of stove internal upper part, the gasification section of bottom, cooling in the lower section of destructive distillation room and stove
Duan Liantong；
The upper and lower bell composition double-charging bell mechanism of the upper of furnace body of the gas retort, for improving the sealing of gas retort；
The preheating section of the body of heater internal upper part of the gas retort is provided with the exhaust outlet of gas gathering system；
The spaced apart combustion chamber in middle part and destructive distillation room are multiple rows of structure in the body of heater of the gas retort, and combustion chamber is built by laying bricks or stones
On steel construction by girder steel support, often arrange combustion chamber and be made up of the multilayer combustion passage being arranged under the overlay vertically from top to bottom, every layer
Burning gallery is formed by the refractory material laying of heat conduction, and heat accumulating type burning is mounted on the both ends furnace wall of every layer of burning gallery
Mouth, fuel burn in the combustion channel through heat-accumulating burner, and caused heat is by heat-conduction wall with heat radiation and the side of heat transfer
Formula passes to destructive distillation room；The heat-conduction wall of described burning gallery both sides is built into tracery wall structure, i.e., heat-conduction wall is built on the inside of burning gallery
Into battlement structure metope, flat face structure metope is built on the outside of heat-conduction wall；It is flat on the outside of the heat-conduction wall of the adjacent burning gallery of two rows
Face directly and define destructive distillation room between structure metope；
Bottom is provided with gasification section, cooling section, cooling jacket, vaporiza-tion nozzle and steam pipeline in the body of heater of gas retort；It is described
Gasification section be carbon residue in semicoke and vapor conversion zone；Cooling jacket surrounds circuit by steel plate, and cooling section is fixed on channel-section steel
Both sides, is full of soft water in cooling jacket, and be connected with the soft water supply system outside gas retort and afterheat boiler system；Described
Vaporiza-tion nozzle is evenly arranged in cooling section bottom and is connected with steam pipeline；
The slag-draining device of the gas retort bottom of furnace body is provided with scraping plate type eliminator and pond, scraping plate type eliminator and destructive distillation
Connected between stove with water seal, ensure the sealing of gas retort, the lime-ash generated after char Gasification reaction is discharged by slag-draining device.
Every layer of described burning gallery is separate, can fully provide the heat energy of burning, and and can ensures gas retort
Stability；It is 5~20 rows according to the treating capacity number of combustion chambers of gas retort, the number of plies of burning gallery is 6~12 layers.
The heat-conduction wall of described burning gallery both sides uses combination brick masonry into inner side for battlement structure metope and outside
For flat face structure metope, to ensure the intensity of heat-conduction wall and thermal conductivity, while by adjusting heat-accumulating burner working condition
Make burning gallery inner side heat-conduction wall temperature control at 1000~1350 DEG C, the flat face structure metope temperature stabilization on the outside of heat-conduction wall
At 600~700 DEG C.
The heat-accumulating burner of the burning gallery both ends installation is using interactive working method, when the heat accumulating type of one end burns
When mouth burns, the heat-accumulating burner of the other end is in heat storage state；The commutation control of heat-accumulating burner is used in every heat accumulating type
Pneumatic fast cut valve decentralised control is installed before burner, the pneumatic fast cut valve of coal gas, air, flue gas is installed each before every heat-accumulating burner
One.
Lime-ash heat generation water vapour in the soft water absorption cooling section being full of in the cooling jacket of the gas retort bottom, water steam
After vapour carries out gas-liquid separation in outside supporting waste heat boiler, vapor sprays through steam pipeline and vaporiza-tion nozzle from cooling section bottom
Enter, continue to absorb shale lime-ash heat formation superheated vapor, and the carbon residue in gasification section and semicoke in vapor uphill process
Gasification reaction generates water-gas, while takes away part semicoke sensible heat；The high temperature oil in destructive distillation room is taken away during water-gas is up
Gas.
The present invention outer heat radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort destructive distillation flow scheme be：
1st, oil shale is sent into from the feed system of gas retort upper of furnace body, by double-charging bell cloth, with up high temperature oil
After gas contact preheating, in the presence of the triangular baffle above combustion chamber, oil shale is uniformly distributed in each destructive distillation room.
2nd, combustion chamber provides heat for oil-shale retorting in destructive distillation room.Build by laying bricks or stones in the steel supported by girder steel multiple rows of combustion chamber
In structure, often arrange combustion chamber and be made up of from top to bottom the burning gallery of multilayer independence.The heat-conduction wall of combustion chamber is using high heat conduction
Refractory material laying forms, and ensure that the intensity of combustion chamber and high thermal conductivity, and burning gallery both sides heat-conduction wall uses modular tile
Build into tracery wall structure by laying bricks or stones, i.e. the inner side of burning gallery is battlement structure metope, and outside is flat face structure metope；Burning gallery
Using heat storage type combustion, heat-accumulating burner is arranged on the furnace wall at burning gallery both ends；The heat-accumulating burner is using interactive
Working method, when one end heat-accumulating burner burning when, the heat-accumulating burner of the other end is in heat storage state；Heat-accumulating burner
Commutation control using installing pneumatic fast cut valve decentralised control before every heat-accumulating burner, be provided with before every heat-accumulating burner
Each one of the pneumatic fast cut valve of coal gas, air, flue gas.
3rd, the heat-conduction wall of destructive distillation device in Gas combustion heating surrounding in the combustion channel, heat by battlement structure metope with
The mode of heat radiation and heat transfer is transmitted to the oil shale accumulated in destructive distillation room；The heated pyrolysis generation shale oil of oil shale and gas
Gas；
4th, under the drive of the water-gas of destructive distillation room bottom gasification section generation, high-temperature oil gas passes through the descending oil shale bed of material
Destructive distillation room top preheating section is reached, after preheating oil shale, the exhaust outlet through gas gathering system imports total gas tube and enters follow-up
Treatment process.
5th, the high-temperature semi-coke that oil shale generates after destructive distillation continues traveling downwardly gas retort bottom gasification section；In high-temperature semi-coke
Carbon residue from the up overheated steam gasification reaction of cooling section with generating water-gas (predominantly carbon monoxide and hydrogen), while band
Walk part semicoke sensible heat；During water-gas is up the oil gas in destructive distillation room is taken away as medium.
6th, the reacted high-temperature ash of char Gasification continues traveling downwardly cooling section；Soft water absorption lime-ash heat in cooling jacket
Amount generates a large amount of steams, after vapor carries out gas-liquid separation by outside supporting waste heat boiler, vapor through steam pipeline from
The vaporiza-tion nozzle of cooling section bottom sprays into cooling section, continues to absorb the formation superheated water steaming of shale lime-ash heat during up
Gas.In addition, the vapor being passed through plays certain sealing function to gas retort.
7th, the high-temperature oil gas (water-gas for including char Gasification generation) risen fully connects on gas retort top and oil shale
When touching, oil shale is preheated to 150 DEG C or so, while makes the reduction of oil gas own temperature, gas gathering system exhaust outlet is then passed through and leads
Go out；The shale oil of condensation recovery is sent into oil tank；Device in Gas (water-gas for including char Gasification reaction generation) purification of recovery removes
Heat-accumulating burner is largely sent into after sulphur, producing high-temperature flue gas through burning continues to heat heat-conduction wall, is the oil shale in destructive distillation room
Destructive distillation institute calorific requirement is provided.
8th, enter sealing pond after the cooling of shale lime-ash finally to be excluded outside stove by scraping plate type eliminator, after lime-ash excludes, by
Fallen naturally in Action of Gravity Field top oil shale, continue retort process, so circulation.
The outer heat radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort of the present invention has an advantageous effect in that compared with prior art：
(1), gas retort of the invention is stable.Gas retort top is fed using double-charging bell, makes the seal of gas retort big
It is big to improve.
(2), gas retort of the invention can fully recycle semicoke latent heat (carbon residue) and semicoke sensible heat, improve gas retort
The thermal efficiency；
(3), the destructive distillation room of gas retort of the present invention and combustion chamber are the structures using spaced arrangement, often arrange combustion chamber from
Under to upper order arrange independent burning gallery, the thermal efficiency is high, and and can ensures the stability of stove, can solve existing external-heat
The defects of technology thermal efficiency is low.
(4), gas retort heat-conduction wall of the invention can ensure destructive distillation using flower wall type structure while thermal conductivity is ensured
The stability of furnace structure；Heat-conduction wall is the battlement structure of tracery wall on the inside of combustion chamber, is greatly improved connecing for flue gas and heat-conduction wall
Contacting surface is accumulated, and improves heat exchange amount；The side of heat-conduction wall connection destructive distillation room is flat face structure metope, is easy to oil shale in destructive distillation room
Movement；Heat-accumulating burner is arranged on the furnace wall of burning gallery both ends by the present invention simultaneously, i.e., outside stove, is easy to repair,
Can preferably solve the defects of conventional gas retort regenerator maintenance difficult.
(5), for gas retort of the invention using the semicoke carbon residue water-gas high with vapor reaction generation purity, water-gas can
Directly to be recycled together with destructive distillation oil gas, the water-gas of recovery after isolation of purified, is further taken with destructive distillation oil gas
Desulfurization process, reduce corrosion of the sulphur to equipment；Coal gas after processing is fuel used directly as burning gallery.The present invention's is dry
Furnace uses the heat-accumulating type nozzle of high-efficiency environment friendly, can be to flue gas heat recovery, the discharge capacity of nitrogen oxides after fuel combustion
Also it is very small.
(6), the present invention is using water-gas as the medium for taking oil shale retorting oil gas out of, rather than uses SAPMAC method gas, enters
One step reduces exhaust outlet gas output.It is follow-up so as to mitigate because the gas retort of the present invention reduces the volume flow of carbonization gas
Oily recycle section load and public affairs are additionally arranged and applied, and decrease a large amount of cooling waters.
(7), connected between destructive distillation furnace bottom scraping plate type eliminator and gas retort of the invention with water seal, to ensure gas retort
Sealing.The ash temperature that the gas retort of the present invention excludes is low, and the evaporation capacity of pond reclaimed water also significantly reduces, so as to subtract
The increment of few pond reclaimed water, thus the gas retort of the present invention than same size gas heat carrier gas retort save water power 50% with
On, it is particularly suitable for using in the deficienter area of water resource.
(8), gas retort of the invention investment is low, and construction scale is flexible, and the quantity of combustion chamber and destructive distillation room can be according to production need
To increase in right amount with field condition, to improve single stove production capacity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the outer heat radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 A-A to schematic cross-sectional view.
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 B-B to schematic cross-sectional view.
In above-mentioned figure：1-feeding device, 2-distributing trolley, 3-upper bell, 4-lower bell, 5-exhaust outlet, 6-three
Angle baffle plate, 7-combustion chamber, 8-destructive distillation room, 9-gasification section, 10-cooling section；11-cooling jacket, 12-heat-conduction wall, 13-
Battlement structure metope, 14-flat face structure metope, 15-heat-accumulating burner, 16-steam pipeline, 17-vaporiza-tion nozzle,
18-burning gallery, 19-scraping plate type eliminator.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the implementation not limited to this of the present invention.
Embodiment 1：The present invention provides a kind of outer heat radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort, its structure as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3,
Gas retort includes the body of heater of gas retort, the feed system of upper of furnace body and the slag-draining device of bottom of furnace body, on described body of heater
The feed system in portion is provided with feeding device 1, distributing trolley 2, upper bell 3, lower bell 4 and triangular baffle 6.Oil shale fills through feeding
Put 1 and be thus lifted to gas retort furnace roof, be added in distributing trolley 2, distributing trolley 2 along the truck track motion for being arranged on furnace roof,
In motion process, by the vibration material distributor structure being arranged on distributing trolley 2, oil shale is uniformly dispersed in located at destructive distillation
In the upper bell 3 of stove furnace roof, upper bell 3 and the lower bell 4 being arranged at below form double-charging bell mechanism, complete to gas retort
Uniform distribution.Each double-charging bell is two clothes of destructive distillation room 8.
The body of heater internal upper part of the gas retort is the preheating section of oil shale, and the preheating section in destructive distillation furnace body is additionally provided with gas collection
The exhaust outlet 5 of system；Middle part is provided with combustion chamber 7 and destructive distillation room 8 in destructive distillation furnace body, and combustion chamber placement is in destructive distillation room both sides；It is dry
The top for evaporating room 8 connects with the preheating section of body of heater internal upper part, the gasification section 9 of bottom, cooling section 10 in the lower section of destructive distillation room and stove
Connection；
The combustion chamber at middle part and destructive distillation room are multiple rows of structure in the body of heater of the gas retort, are fired according to the treating capacity of gas retort
It can be 5~20 rows to burn number of chambers amount.Combustion chamber 7 is often arranged by the burning gallery 18 for the multilayer independence being arranged under the overlay vertically from top to bottom
Form, the number of plies of burning gallery 18 can be 6~12 layers.The gas retort of the present embodiment drains provided with 4 evaporates room, 5 row combustion chambers, often arranges
There are 6 layers of independent burning gallery combustion chamber, referring to Fig. 1.Combustion chamber is by the refractory material laying of high heat conduction into heat-conduction wall 12.
Referring to Fig. 2,3, heat-accumulating burner 15, the accumulation of heat of installation are mounted on the both ends furnace wall of every layer of burning gallery 18
Formula burner is most of outside body of heater, is conveniently replaceable and repairs.Heat-accumulating burner 15 is using interactive working method, when one end
When heat-accumulating burner burns, the heat-accumulating burner of the other end is in heat storage state；The commutation control of heat-accumulating burner 15 is
By the pneumatic fast cut valve decentralised control installed before every heat-accumulating burner, be provided with before every heat-accumulating burner coal gas,
Each one of the pneumatic fast cut valve of air, flue gas.When fuel burns through heat-accumulating burner in burning gallery 18, caused heat leads to
Cross heat-conduction wall 12 and oil shale in destructive distillation room 8 is passed in a manner of heat radiation and heat transfer；Described each burning gallery 18
Both sides heat-conduction walls using flower wall type structure, both sides heat-conduction wall is built into battlement structure metope 13 in each burning gallery, can be big
The big contact area for improving flue gas and heat-conduction wall, improves heat exchange amount；Flat face structure metope 14 is built on the outside of heat-conduction wall, is easy to oil
Movement of the shale in destructive distillation room.The space of destructive distillation room 8 has been crossed on the outside of the heat-conduction wall of the adjacent combustion chamber of two rows between metope.
Oil shale is distributed in inside destructive distillation room 8 through upper and lower bell and triangular baffle 6, is accumulated by the bottom of destructive distillation room straight
To the 0.5~1m of top of triangular baffle 6.Device in Gas and air then burn in each burning gallery 18, heat-conduction wall in the present embodiment
12 battlement structure metope 13 is heated to 1300 DEG C or so, heat transfer to flat face structure metope 14, flat face structure
Metope temperature can reach 700 DEG C, then by flat face structure metope 14 be passed to heat with heat radiation and heat exchange pattern dry
Evaporate the oil shale in room 8.
The shale oil and device in Gas of oil shale pyrolysis generation, the char Gasification reaction generation in the gasification section of destructive distillation room bottom
Water-gas is flowed up under driving through oil shale gap, and the oil shale of the top preheating section of destructive distillation room 8 is heated into 150 DEG C of left sides
It is right.Oil gas carries out Oil-gas Separation after the discharge of exhaust outlet 5, by outside supporting Oil-gas Separation purifier；Obtained shale
Oil is sent into oil tank and carries out subsequent treatment；Through pipeline after obtained device in Gas (water-gas for including char Gasification reaction generation) sulphur removal
It is transmitted back in heat-accumulating burner, is burnt as gaseous fuel in burning gallery 18 and provide heat, remaining high fever for destructive distillation room
Value device in Gas can also supply outside.
Bottom is provided with gasification section 9, cooling section 10, cooling jacket 11, steam pipeline 16 and vaporiza-tion nozzle 17 in gas retort stove,
Described gasification section is carbon residue and vapor conversion zone in semicoke, and the temperature that semicoke enters gasification section 9 is 550 DEG C or so, high
Carbon residue in warm semicoke, i.e. fixed carbon and up overheated steam reaction generation water-gas；Driven during water-gas is up
The oil gas of destructive distillation generation enters the gas gathering system on gas retort top；The high-temperature ash generated after the reaction of semicoke carbon residue and vapor after
It is continuous to go downwards to cooling section 10.
The circuit that cooling jacket 11 is surrounded by steel plate is formed, and the both sides of cooling section 10 are fixed on channel-section steel.Cooling jacket 11
Interior soft water absorption high-temperature ash waste heat, generates a large amount of high-temperature vapours, after carrying out gas-liquid separation by outside supporting waste heat boiler,
High-temperature vapor is passed through through steam pipeline 16 by the vaporiza-tion nozzle 17 being evenly arranged from the bottom of cooling section 10, it is up during with
High-temperature ash fully contacts, and absorbs lime-ash heat and forms superheated vapor, is up to gasification section 9 and carries out gasification reaction with semicoke.
Gas retort bottom of furnace body is provided with discharge device, and the shale lime-ash after cooling enters sealing pond and finally removed by scraper-type
Slag machine 19 is excluded outside stove, as shown in Figure 3.After lime-ash excludes, because Action of Gravity Field top oil shale falls naturally, continue destructive distillation
Journey.
Embodiment 2：A kind of outer heat radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort provided by the invention, its structure and the base of embodiment 1
This is identical, the difference is that to expand single stove production capacity, combustion chamber 7 is designed to 20 rows, and often arranging Combustion chamber design has 12 layers of burning gallery
18, there are 19 to drain accordingly and evaporate room 8, burnt by device in Gas and air in burning gallery 18, the battlement knot of heat-conduction wall 12
Structure metope 13 is heated to 1000 DEG C, and heat transfer to flat face structure metope 14, flat face structure metope temperature can reach 600
DEG C, remaining is the same as embodiment 1.For the gas retort daily handling ability of the present invention up to more than 500t, oil yield is more than 90%.
The gas retort unique structure of the present invention, stable, the thermal efficiency is high, and auxiliary recovery system is small, the coal of destructive distillation output
Gas purity is high, calorific value is high, water power more than 50% is saved than same size gas heat carrier gas retort, particularly suitable for being provided in water
The deficienter area use in source.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of outer heat radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort, include the body of heater of gas retort, the feed system of upper of furnace body and
The slag-draining device of bottom of furnace body；The feed system of the upper of furnace body of the gas retort is provided with feeding device, and distributing trolley is upper and lower
Bell and triangular baffle；The body of heater internal upper part of gas retort is the preheating section of oil shale, middle part arranged for interval in the body of heater of gas retort
Combuster and destructive distillation room, combustion chamber placement is in destructive distillation room both sides；The top of destructive distillation room connects with the preheating section of stove internal upper part, does
The lower section for evaporating room connects with the gasification section of bottom, cooling section in stove；It is characterized in that：
The preheating section of the body of heater internal upper part of the gas retort is provided with the exhaust outlet of gas gathering system；
The spaced apart combustion chamber in middle part and destructive distillation room are multiple rows of structure in the body of heater of the gas retort, and combustion chamber is built by laying bricks or stones by steel
On the steel construction of beam support, often arrange combustion chamber and be made up of the multilayer combustion passage being arranged under the overlay vertically from top to bottom, every layer of burning
Passage is formed by the refractory material laying of heat conduction, and heat-accumulating burner is mounted on the both ends furnace wall of every layer of burning gallery,
Fuel is burnt in the combustion channel through heat-accumulating burner, and caused heat is passed heat-conduction wall in a manner of heat radiation and heat transfer
Pass destructive distillation room；The heat-conduction wall of described burning gallery both sides is built into tracery wall structure, i.e., heat-conduction wall is built into city on the inside of burning gallery
Pile formula structure metope, heat-conduction wall outside are built into flat face structure metope；Flat face on the outside of the heat-conduction wall of the adjacent burning gallery of two rows
Destructive distillation room is defined between structure metope；
Bottom is provided with gasification section, cooling section, cooling jacket, vaporiza-tion nozzle and steam pipeline in the body of heater of gas retort；Described gas
It is carbon residue and vapor conversion zone in semicoke to change section；Cooling jacket surrounds circuit by steel plate, and the two of cooling section are fixed on channel-section steel
Side, cooling jacket is interior to be full of soft water, and is connected with the soft water supply system outside gas retort and afterheat boiler system；Described steam
Nozzle is evenly arranged in cooling section bottom and is connected with steam pipeline；
The slag-draining device of the gas retort bottom of furnace body is provided with scraping plate type eliminator and pond, scraping plate type eliminator and gas retort it
Between connected with water seal, ensure the sealing of gas retort, the lime-ash generated after char Gasification reaction is discharged by slag-draining device.
2. outer heat radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Every layer of described burning
Passage is separate, can fully provide the heat energy of burning, and and can ensures the stability of gas retort；According to the place of gas retort
Reason amount number of combustion chambers is 5~20 rows, and the number of plies of burning gallery is 6~12 layers.
3. outer heat radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described burning gallery
It is flat face structure metope for battlement structure metope and outside that the heat-conduction wall of both sides, which uses and combines brick masonry into inner side, to protect
The intensity and thermal conductivity of heat-conduction wall are demonstrate,proved, while makes heat-conduction wall temperature on the inside of burning gallery by adjusting heat-accumulating burner working condition
Control is at 1000~1350 DEG C, and the flat face structure metope temperature stabilization on the outside of heat-conduction wall is at 600~700 DEG C.
4. outer heat radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The burning gallery two
The heat-accumulating burner of end installation is using interactive working method, when the heat-accumulating burner burning of one end, the accumulation of heat of the other end
Formula burner is in heat storage state；The commutation control of heat-accumulating burner is divided using pneumatic fast cut valve is installed before every heat-accumulating burner
Control is dissipated, each one of the pneumatic fast cut valve of coal gas, air, flue gas is installed before every heat-accumulating burner.
5. outer heat radiation thermal storage type oil shale retort according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The gas retort bottom
Lime-ash heat generation water vapour in the soft water absorption cooling section being full of in cooling jacket, water vapour is in outside supporting waste heat boiler
After carrying out gas-liquid separation, vapor sprays into through steam pipeline and vaporiza-tion nozzle from cooling section bottom, in vapor uphill process
Continue to absorb shale lime-ash heat formation superheated vapor, and the carbon residue gasification reaction generation water-gas in gasification section and semicoke, together
When take away part semicoke sensible heat；The high-temperature oil gas in destructive distillation room is taken away during water-gas is up.
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| CN105754627B (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2018-07-27 | 抚顺矿业集团有限责任公司 | A kind of little particle shutter gas retort |
| CN106833703A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-13 | 北京神雾电力科技有限公司 | A kind of combined coal pyrolysis gas power generation system and method |
| CN107474860A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-12-15 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | A kind of porous media external-heat carbonization furnace |
| CN107384483A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2017-11-24 | 许志英 | The gasification of biomass and pyrolytic process of a kind of scale |
| CN112210396B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-02-15 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Porous medium external heating filtering type oil shale retort |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102925180A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-02-13 | 新疆宝明矿业有限公司 | Oil shale external heat radiation type retort |
| CN203238216U (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-10-16 | 新疆宝明矿业有限公司 | External heat radiation type dry distillation furnace for oil shale |
| CN104946283A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-09-30 | 中冶东方工程技术有限公司 | Charging device for oil shale retort |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102925180A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-02-13 | 新疆宝明矿业有限公司 | Oil shale external heat radiation type retort |
| CN203238216U (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-10-16 | 新疆宝明矿业有限公司 | External heat radiation type dry distillation furnace for oil shale |
| CN104946283A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-09-30 | 中冶东方工程技术有限公司 | Charging device for oil shale retort |
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