CN105541597B - 一种2,4-二羟基苯乙酸的制备方法 - Google Patents
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- FSQDURCMBCGCIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1O FSQDURCMBCGCIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=O HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- JYAQYXOVOHJRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(3-bromophenyl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC(Br)=C1 JYAQYXOVOHJRCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 33
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- ZLFIOJHGCKELIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C(Br)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZLFIOJHGCKELIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- BDLAUAATGYNLPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid Chemical class BrC(C(=O)O)(O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)O BDLAUAATGYNLPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- MFGOFGRYDNHJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-1-(2-fluorophenyl)ethanol Chemical compound NCC(O)C1=CC=CC=C1F MFGOFGRYDNHJTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Cs+] HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- YXLXNENXOJSQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-L Oxine-copper Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 YXLXNENXOJSQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021595 Copper(I) iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LSXDOTMGLUJQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(i) iodide Chemical compound I[Cu] LSXDOTMGLUJQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1,10,13-trimethyl-3-oxo-4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl) heptanoate Chemical compound C1CC2CC(=O)C=C(C)C2(C)C2C1C1CCC(OC(=O)CCCCCC)C1(C)CC2 TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QCUILTNFTLZZOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N BrC1=C(C(C(=O)O)O)C=CC(=C1)O Chemical class BrC1=C(C(C(=O)O)O)C=CC(=C1)O QCUILTNFTLZZOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001119 stannous chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 abstract description 7
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N (2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1.O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1 QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- KZCMOWSTRIGEIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)(Br)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZCMOWSTRIGEIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N R-2-phenyl-2-hydroxyacetic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229960002510 mandelic acid Drugs 0.000 abstract description 4
- VKVOJYUPJRVDPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dihydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C(O)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VKVOJYUPJRVDPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000640 hydroxylating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000011167 hydrochloric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 methylene hydrogen Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- SULYEHHGGXARJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2',4'-dihydroxyacetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1O SULYEHHGGXARJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XQXPVVBIMDBYFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 XQXPVVBIMDBYFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SUSQOBVLVYHIEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylacetonitrile Chemical compound N#CCC1=CC=CC=C1 SUSQOBVLVYHIEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SATCULPHIDQDRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperonal Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=C2OCOC2=C1 SATCULPHIDQDRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical class OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MOHYOXXOKFQHDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(chloromethyl)-4-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CCl)C=C1 MOHYOXXOKFQHDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DYIKUAMKHXANMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1Br DYIKUAMKHXANMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDBITPXOESTAML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methylbutyric acid Chemical class CC(C)C(C(O)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 GDBITPXOESTAML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YHXHKYRQLYQUIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxymandelic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 YHXHKYRQLYQUIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000721047 Danaus plexippus Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005672 Willgerodt-Kindler rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDZJVWAHZYIHFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Br].C1(=CC=CC=C1)O Chemical compound [Br].C1(=CC=CC=C1)O JDZJVWAHZYIHFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006206 glycosylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KLAKIAVEMQMVBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-hydroxy-phenacyl alcohol Natural products OCC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KLAKIAVEMQMVBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229960003424 phenylacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000004 severe toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanide Chemical compound [Na+].N#[C-] MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/347—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups
- C07C51/367—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by introduction of functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/347—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/347—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups
- C07C51/353—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种2,4‑二羟基苯乙酸的制备方法,是以间溴苯酚和乙醛酸为原料,经缩合反应、酸化得到对羟基邻溴扁桃酸,对羟基邻溴扁桃酸再经还原得到对羟基邻溴苯乙酸,对羟基邻溴苯乙酸在催化剂存在及碱性条件下,发生溴的羟基化反应,酸化后得到2,4‑二羟基苯乙酸。本发明具有原料简单易得、反应处理简便、收率较高的优点,且所得中间体亦有重要用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及化学合成领域,特别涉及一种2,4-二羟基苯乙酸的制备方法。
背景技术
羟基取代的苯乙酸是重要的有机化工原料,可发生羧基、亚甲基氢和苯环的典型反应,生成许多有用的中间体,在医药、农业、香料和染料等行业有广泛的用途。羟基取代苯乙酸的合成方法主要有如下几种:(1)但飞君等以胡椒醛为原料,经Cannizzaro反应、氯代、腈代、水解、去保护等反应得到3,4-二羟基苯乙酸,该路线总收率为45%(化学试剂,2005,27,623);(2)张正等以对甲氧基苄氯为原料,经腈代、异丙基化、脱甲基、水解等反应制备得到α-异丙基-4-羟基苯乙酸,总收率为58%(农药,1986,2,22);(3)周华等以邻羟基苯甲醚与乙醛酸为原料,经酰化反应、酸化、还原、水解得到3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯乙酸,总收率为48%(化学试剂,1998,20,314);(4)郑丽玲等以2,4-二羟基苯乙酮、硫磺与吗啉为原料,经Willgerodt-Kindler重排反应、水解、酸化得到2,4-二羟基苯乙酸,收率为75%(化学试剂,2006,28,553);(5)潘鹤林等以苯酚、乙醛酸为原料,通过缩合反应合成对羟基扁桃酸,再通过还原反应合成对羟基苯乙酸,收率为17%(浙江化工,1997,28,22)。但是,这些方法均存在反应收率不高,使用剧毒的氰化钠、苯乙腈,污染环境,副产物难以分离回收利用等缺点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中存在的缺点,提供一种反应条件温和、步骤简单、成本低、收率高的2,4-二羟基苯乙酸的制备方法。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现:
一种2,4-二羟基苯乙酸的制备方法,是以间溴苯酚和乙醛酸为起始原料,在碱性溶液中发生缩合反应,经酸化后得到对羟基邻溴扁桃酸,对羟基邻溴扁桃酸进一步经还原剂还原得到对羟基邻溴苯乙酸,对羟基邻溴苯乙酸在碱性溶液中经催化剂催化发生溴的羟基化反应,酸化后得到2,4-二羟基苯乙酸,具体包括下述步骤:
(1)在碱A的溶液中,以间溴苯酚(结构式一)和乙醛酸为原料,在一定温度下发生缩合反应;反应完毕后,冷却至室温,用浓盐酸酸化至pH=1,再用甲苯洗涤,用乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩,得到2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸(结构式二);
(2)将2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸与还原剂B混合,搅拌加热反应一定时间;反应完毕后,倒入水中,加热溶解,冷却至室温,抽滤、洗涤、重结晶,得到2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸(结构式三);
(3)2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸在碱C的溶液中及催化剂D存在下,于一定温度下进行反应;反应完毕后冷却至室温,过滤,收集滤液,滤液用稀盐酸酸化至pH=3,抽滤、洗涤、重结晶,得到2,4-二羟基苯乙酸(结构式四)。
步骤1中,所述的碱A为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾或氢氧化铯,优选碱A为氢氧化钠;间溴苯酚、乙醛酸、碱A的摩尔比为1:(1.1~1.3):(1~2),优选摩尔比为1:1.2:1.5。
步骤1中,缩合反应的温度为30~50℃,优选反应温度为40℃;反应时间为7~9小时,优选反应时间为8小时。
步骤2中,所述的还原剂B为二水合氯化亚锡/浓盐酸、亚磷酸、雷尼镍/氢气,优选还原剂B为二水合氯化亚锡/浓盐酸;2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸与还原剂B的摩尔比为1:(1.0~1.2),优选摩尔比为1:1.1。
步骤2中,加热反应的温度为70~100℃,优选反应温度为80℃;反应时间为2~6小时,优选反应时间为3小时。
步骤3中,所述的碱C为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾或氢氧化铯,优选碱C为氢氧化钠;所述的催化剂D为碘化亚铜、8-羟基喹啉铜或无水硫酸铜,优选催化剂D是8-羟基喹啉铜。
步骤3中,2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸、催化剂D和碱C的摩尔比为1:(0.05~0.15):(5~15),优选摩尔比为1:0.1:10。
步骤3中,加热方式为油浴加热;反应的温度为100~120℃,优选反应温度为110℃;反应时间为5~7小时,优选反应时间为6小时。
本发明涉及的化学反应式如下:
本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点和效果:
(1)本发明以间溴苯酚和乙醛酸为起始原料,通过三步反应制备2,4-二羟基苯乙酸,采用的试剂都是简单易得的化工产品,反应条件温和,制备路线简短。
(2)本发明的每步反应的产率都较高,中间产物无需进行复杂的纯化操作,即可直接进行下一步反应,总收率达到54.8%。
附图说明
图1为本发明产物2,4-二羟基苯乙酸的(1H NMR,400MHz,DMSO-d6)核磁共振谱图。
图2为本发明产物2,4-二羟基苯乙酸的质谱图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步详细的描述,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1:2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸的合成
于水浴40℃中,向间溴苯酚(124.6g、0.72mol)中同时滴加氢氧化钠溶液(43.2g、1.08mol)和一水合乙醛酸水溶液(79.5g、0.86mol),搅拌反应8h。反应完毕后,加入约90ml浓盐酸,调节溶液pH=1。用甲苯洗涤(100ml×3,即每次用100ml,共洗涤三次)后,用乙酸乙酯萃取(100ml×3),合并有机层,旋干,得淡黄色粘稠产物即2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸138.73g,收率78.0%。
实施例2:2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸的合成
向2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸(111.17g、0.45mol)中加入二水合氯化亚锡(112.8g、0.50mol)和230ml浓盐酸,搅拌,油浴80℃下反应3h。反应完毕后,倒入烧杯中,加热至固体完全溶解。室温下静置冷却析出固体,抽滤,水洗(100ml×3),用水重结晶,得白色固体即2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸90.10g,收率86.7%。
实施例3:2,4-二羟基苯乙酸的制备
向2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸(69.31g、0.30mol)中加入8-羟基喹啉铜(10.56g、0.03mol)和含有120g、3mol氢氧化钠的10%水溶液,搅拌加热至110℃,反应6h。反应完毕后,冷却至室温,过滤,滤液用稀盐酸酸化至pH=3,用乙酸乙酯(100ml×3)萃取,合并有机层,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干有机溶剂,用乙醇重结晶,得到淡黄色固体即2,4-二羟基苯乙酸40.87g,收率81%。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ11.96(s,1H),9.24(s,1H),9.08(s,1H),6.83(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.25(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.13(dd,J1=8.0Hz,J2=2.0Hz,1H),3.31(s,2H)(如图1所示)。
MS-EI:32,51,66,77,94,123,150,168(如图2所示)。
实施例4:2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸的合成
于水浴30℃中,向间溴苯酚(124.6g、0.72mol)中同时滴加氢氧化钠溶液(43.2g、1.08mol)和一水合乙醛酸水溶液(79.5g、0.86mol),搅拌反应9h。反应完毕后,加入约90ml浓盐酸,调节溶液pH=1。用甲苯洗涤(100ml×3)后,用乙酸乙酯萃取(100ml×3),合并有机层,旋干,得淡黄色粘稠产物即2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸98.88g,收率55.6%。
实施例5:2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸的合成
于水浴50℃中,向间溴苯酚(124.6g、0.72mol)中同时滴加氢氧化铯溶液(161.91g、1.08mol)和一水合乙醛酸水溶液(79.5g、0.86mol),搅拌反应7h。反应完毕后,加入约90ml浓盐酸,调节溶液pH=1。用甲苯洗涤(100ml×3)后,用乙酸乙酯萃取(100ml×3),合并有机层,旋干,得淡黄色粘稠产物即2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸101.48g,收率57.0%。
实施例6:2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸的合成
于水浴40℃中,向间溴苯酚(124.6g、0.72mol)中同时滴加氢氧化钠溶液(57.6g、1.44mol)和一水合乙醛酸水溶液(86.5g、0.94mol),搅拌反应9h。反应完毕后,加入约90ml浓盐酸,调节溶液pH=1。用甲苯洗涤(100ml×3)后,用乙酸乙酯萃取(100ml×3),合并有机层,旋干,得淡黄色粘稠产物即2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸116.51g,收率65.5%。
实施例7:2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸的合成
于水浴40℃中,向间溴苯酚(124.6g、0.72mol)中同时滴加氢氧化钾溶液(40.4g、0.72mol)和一水合乙醛酸水溶液(72.7g、0.79mol),搅拌反应8h。反应完毕后,加入约90ml浓盐酸,调节溶液pH=1。用甲苯洗涤(100ml×3)后,用乙酸乙酯萃取(100ml×3),合并有机层,旋干,得淡黄色粘稠产物即2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸92.43g,收率51.9%。
实施例8:2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸的合成
向2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸(111.17g、0.45mol)中加入二水合氯化亚锡(112.8g、0.50mol)和230ml浓盐酸,搅拌,油浴70℃下反应2h。反应完毕后,倒入烧杯中,加热至固体完全溶解。室温下静置冷却析出固体,抽滤,水洗(100ml×3),干燥,用水重结晶,得白色固体即2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸65.28g,收率62.7%。
实施例9:2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸的合成
向2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸(111.17g、0.45mol)中加入二水合氯化亚锡(121.85g、0.54mol)和230ml浓盐酸,搅拌,油浴90℃下反应3.5h。反应完毕后,倒入烧杯中,加热至固体完全溶解。室温下静置冷却析出固体,抽滤,水洗(100ml×3),干燥,用水重结晶,得白色固体即2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸85.78g,收率82.5%。
实施例10:2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸的合成
向2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸(111.17g、0.45mol)中加入二水合氯化亚锡(112.8g、0.50mol)和230ml浓盐酸,搅拌,油浴90℃下反应2.5h。反应完毕后,倒入烧杯中,加热至固体完全溶解。室温下静置冷却析出固体,抽滤,水洗(100ml×3),干燥,用水重结晶,得白色固体即2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸83.74g,收率80.5%。
实施例11:2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸的合成
向高压反应釜中依次加入2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸(111.17g、0.45mol)、5.56g雷尼镍,400ml乙醇-蒸馏水(1:1)作溶剂,通入8MPa氢气,加热至80℃,搅拌反应5h。反应结束后,冷却至室温,释放釜内压力至常压,过滤,收集滤液,将溶剂旋干,用水重结晶,得到淡黄色固体即2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸70.38g,收率67.7%。
实施例12:2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸的合成
向2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸(111.17g、0.45mol)中加入亚磷酸(40.18g、0.49mol),搅拌,油浴100℃下反应6h。反应完毕后,倒入冷水中,抽滤,水洗(100ml×3),干燥,用水重结晶,得白色固体即2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸82.96g,收率79.8%。
实施例13:2,4-二羟基苯乙酸的合成
向2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸(69.31g、0.30mol)中加入8-羟基喹啉铜(5.28g、0.015mol)和含有60g、1.5mol氢氧化钠的10%水溶液,搅拌加热至100℃,反应5h。反应完毕后,冷却至室温,过滤,滤液用稀盐酸酸化至pH=3,用乙酸乙酯(100ml×3)萃取,合并有机层,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干有机溶剂,用乙醇重结晶,得到淡黄色固体即2,4-二羟基苯乙酸36.2g,收率71.7%。
实施例14:2,4-二羟基苯乙酸的合成
向2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸(69.31g、0.30mol)中加入8-羟基喹啉铜(15.83g、0.045mol)和含有180g、4.5mol氢氧化钠的10%水溶液,搅拌加热至120℃,反应7h。反应完毕后,冷却至室温,过滤,滤液用稀盐酸酸化至pH=3,用乙酸乙酯(100ml×3)萃取,合并有机层,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干有机溶剂,用乙醇重结晶,得到淡黄色固体即2,4-二羟基苯乙酸39.28g,收率77.8%。
实施例15:2,4-二羟基苯乙酸的合成
向2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸(69.31g、0.30mol)中加入碘化亚铜(5.71g、0.03mol)和含有168.33g、3mol氢氧化钾的10%水溶液,搅拌加热至110℃,反应6h。反应完毕后,冷却至室温,过滤,滤液用稀盐酸酸化至pH=3,用乙酸乙酯(100ml×3)萃取,合并有机层,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干有机溶剂,用乙醇重结晶,得到淡黄色固体即2,4-二羟基苯乙酸32.8g,收率65.0%。
实施例16:2,4-二羟基苯乙酸的合成
向2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸(69.31g、0.30mol)中加入无水硫酸铜(4.79g、0.03mol)和含有224.88g、1.5mol氢氧化铯的10%水溶液,搅拌加热至110℃,反应7h。反应完毕后,冷却至室温,过滤,滤液用稀盐酸酸化至pH=3,用乙酸乙酯(100ml×3)萃取,合并有机层,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干有机溶剂,用乙醇重结晶,得到淡黄色固体即2,4-二羟基苯乙酸38.6g,收率76.5%。
Claims (1)
1.一种2,4-二羟基苯乙酸的制备方法,其特征在于包括下述步骤:
(1)在碱A的溶液中,以间溴苯酚和乙醛酸为原料,在一定温度下发生缩合反应;反应完毕后,冷却至室温,用浓盐酸酸化至pH=1,再用甲苯洗涤,用乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩,得到2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸;所述的碱A为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾或氢氧化铯;间溴苯酚、乙醛酸、碱A的摩尔比为1:(1.1~1.3):(1~2);缩合反应的温度为30~50℃,反应时间为7~9小时;
(2)将2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸与还原剂B混合,搅拌加热反应一定时间;反应完毕后,倒入水中,加热溶解,冷却、抽滤、洗涤,重结晶,得到2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸;所述的还原剂B为二水合氯化亚锡/浓盐酸;2-溴-4-羟基扁桃酸与还原剂B的摩尔比为1:(1.1~1.2);反应的温度为80~90℃,反应时间为3~3.5小时;
(3)2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸在碱C的溶液中及催化剂D存在下,于一定温度下进行反应;反应完毕后冷却、过滤、酸化、抽滤、洗涤、重结晶;得到2,4-二羟基苯乙酸;所述的碱C为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾或氢氧化铯;所述的催化剂D为碘化亚铜、8-羟基喹啉铜或无水硫酸铜;2-溴-4-羟基苯乙酸、催化剂D和碱C的摩尔比为1:(0.05~0.15):(5~15);反应的温度为100~120℃,反应时间为5~7小时。
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