CN105538480B - 氮气泡沫混凝土自保温砌块生产工艺及其造泡装置 - Google Patents

氮气泡沫混凝土自保温砌块生产工艺及其造泡装置 Download PDF

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CN105538480B
CN105538480B CN201510934736.0A CN201510934736A CN105538480B CN 105538480 B CN105538480 B CN 105538480B CN 201510934736 A CN201510934736 A CN 201510934736A CN 105538480 B CN105538480 B CN 105538480B
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CN105538480A (zh
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张艮中
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Hebei Sanshan Building Materials Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种氮气泡沫混凝土自保温砌块生产工艺及其造泡装置,涉及建筑材料生产技术领域,利用造泡装置预制充有氮气的发泡液,再加入搅拌装置中与混凝土浆液充分混合形成发泡混凝土浆液,然后注入模具中浇注成型,进行一段时间保温后再进行脱模,得到充有氮气的发泡混凝土砌块;造泡装置发泡剂储罐、真空发泡罐及压缩氮气管,在发泡剂储罐内将动物蛋白发泡剂和水混合后形成发泡液,通过第一输送泵将发泡液输入真空发泡罐内,发泡液与真空发泡罐内的螺旋状丝带发生碰撞均匀发泡,压缩氮气再进入真空发泡罐内形成充有氮气的发泡液。利用本发明生产的发泡混凝土砌块具有导热系数低、保温隔热性能高、使用寿命长的特点,适合推广应用。

Description

氮气泡沫混凝土自保温砌块生产工艺及其造泡装置
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料生产技术领域,尤其涉及一种氮气泡沫混凝土自保温砌块生产工艺及其造泡装置。
背景技术
随着我国建筑节能工作的全面推进和不断深化,对不同形式保温体系提出了迫切需求,节能与结构一体化成为结构体系发展和应用的重要方向。外墙外自温是建筑节能工作的重要一环,自保温砌块作为节能与结构一体化的一种主要墙体材料就得到了迅速发展。
泡沫混凝土自保温砌块作为其中一种常用的自保温墙体材料,属于无机类轻质保温材料,具有良好的热工性能、物理力学性能和不燃性能,施工和填充性能好,可实现砌块生产线上的在线填充,与砌块同时养护,其生产设备已经达到了自动化、高效率的生产水平。但是目前泡沫混凝土大多采用化学发泡方法, 是物质发生化学反应而产生新的气体进行发泡,化学发泡的主要特征是泡沫无泡壁,稳定性差,必须以水泥等材料的水化产物作为基材才能稳定存在,且泡沫泡径大小随着压力的不同和发泡物质的多少而变化,难以控制。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种工艺简单、生产成本低的一种氮气泡沫混凝土自保温砌块生产工艺及其造泡装置,降低导热系数,可提高泡沫混凝土自保温砌块的保温隔热性能,延长泡沫混凝土自保温砌块的使用寿命。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明所采取的技方案是:
一种氮气泡沫混凝土自保温砌块生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
(一)预制充有氮气的发泡液:将动物蛋白发泡剂和水混合后形成发泡液,将氮气充入发泡液中,形成充有氮气的发泡液;
(二)预制混凝土浆液:将物料和水加入搅拌装置中搅拌混合为混凝土浆液;
(三)制备发泡混凝土浆液:将充有氮气的发泡液加入混凝土浆液中充分搅拌,得到发泡混凝土浆液;
(四)浇注成型:将发泡混凝土浆液注入模具中浇注成型;
(五)保温、脱模:将浇注成型的发泡混凝土保温养护一段时间后进行脱模。
优选的,所述造泡装置包括发泡剂储罐、真空发泡罐、压缩氮气管、柱塞泵和软管泵,在发泡剂储罐内将动物蛋白发泡剂和水混合后形成发泡液,通过柱塞泵将发泡液输入真空发泡罐内,发泡液与真空发泡罐内的螺旋状丝带发生碰撞均匀发泡,自氮气罐出来的氮气经空压机压缩后形成高压氮气,高压氮气再进入真空发泡罐内充填到发泡液的泡沫中。
优选的,所述发泡液中动物蛋白发泡剂和水的配比为1:25。
优选的,所述泡沫混凝土浆液的密度及其干密度比值为70:100。
上述氮气泡沫混凝土自保温砌块生产工艺所用的氮气泡沫造泡装置,包括发泡剂储罐、真空发泡罐、压缩氮气管、第一输送泵和第二输送泵,所述发泡剂储罐内盛有动物蛋白发泡剂水溶液,所述发泡剂储罐通过第一输送泵及管路与真空发泡罐连通,所述压缩氮气管与真空发泡罐连通,所述真空发泡罐通过第二输送泵及输料管将物料输送至搅拌装置内,所述真空发泡罐内均布螺旋状丝带。
优选的,所述螺旋状丝带为螺旋状金属丝。
优选的,所述第一输送泵为柱塞泵,所述第二输送泵为软管泵。
采用上述技术方案所产生的有益效果在于:利用造泡装置将氮气充入发泡液中形成充有氮气的发泡液,再进入搅拌装置中与混凝土浆液充分混合形成发泡混凝土浆液,然后注入模具中浇注成型,进行一段时间保温后再进行脱模,得到充有氮气的发泡混凝土砌块。本发明具有工艺简单、生产成本低的优点,生产的发泡混凝土砌块具有导热系数低、保温隔热性能高、使用寿命长的特点,适合推广应用。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例中所用生产线的结构示意图;
图2是图1中造泡装置的示意图;
图中:1-储料装置,2-上模装置,3-搅拌装置,4-传输装置,5-造泡装置,6-输料管,7-温控室,8-脱模装置,9-横切装置,10-竖切装置,11-发泡剂储罐,12-真空发泡罐,13-压缩氮气管,14-第一输送泵,15-螺旋状丝带,16-第二输送泵,17-空压机,18-氮气罐。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
一种氮气泡沫混凝土自保温砌块生产工艺包括以下步骤:
(一)预制充有氮气的发泡液:将动物蛋白发泡剂和水混合后形成发泡液,将氮气充入发泡液中,形成充有氮气的发泡液;
(二)预制混凝土浆液:将物料和水加入搅拌装置中搅拌混合为混凝土浆液;
(三)制备发泡混凝土浆液:将充有氮气的发泡液加入混凝土浆液中充分搅拌,得到发泡混凝土浆液;
(四)浇注成型:将发泡混凝土浆液注入模具中浇注成型;
(五)保温、脱模:将浇注成型的发泡混凝土保温养护一段时间后进行脱模。
如图1所示,上述生产工艺的生产线包括控制装置、储料装置1、上模装置2、温控室7、造泡装置5、搅拌装置3和传输装置4,储料装置1内的物料和水按需计量后输送至搅拌装置3内搅拌,同时利用造泡装置5制备出充有氮气的泡沫并输送至搅拌装置3内,在搅拌装置3内各种物料与泡沫充分混合得到泡沫混凝土浆液,所述泡沫混凝土浆液的干密度及其密度比值为100:70;泡沫混凝土浆液再注入到上模装置2的模具内浇注成型后,由传输装置4运输至温控室7保温养护,待泡沫混凝土具备一定硬度后再由传输装置4输送至脱模装置8中进行机械脱模,脱模成型后的泡沫混凝土经传输装置4依次传送到横切装置9和竖切装置10进行自动切割,由控制装置来控制传输装置4、横切装置9和竖切装置10的启停,进行产品定位并按指定尺寸完成横切和竖切,切割成成品,最后由传输装置4运输到包装区。
如图2所示,上述氮气泡沫混凝土自保温砌块生产工艺所用的氮气泡沫造泡装置5包括发泡剂储罐11、真空发泡罐12、压缩氮气管13、柱塞泵14和软管泵16,在发泡剂储罐11内将动物蛋白发泡剂和水混合后形成发泡液,发泡液中动物蛋白发泡剂和水的配比为1:25;通过柱塞泵14将发泡液输入真空发泡罐12内,发泡液与真空发泡罐12内的螺旋状金属丝15发生碰撞均匀发泡,自氮气罐18出来的氮气经空压机17压缩后形成高压氮气,高压氮气再进入真空发泡罐12内充填到发泡液的泡沫中。利用制氮设备制备出含量为99.99%的氮气进入氮气罐18,在密闭条件下经造泡装置5制备出充有氮气的泡沫,充有氮气的泡沫再进入搅拌装置3与各种物料进行充分搅拌,混合得到泡沫混凝土浆液。
其中,在温控室7内通过电加热器或蒸汽管对上模装置2内浇注成型的泡沫混凝土进行保温,使其得到养护具备应有的硬度。
利用上述方法生产的泡沫混凝土制品经切割后得到的泡沫混凝土自保温砌块自然养护28天,产品性能可达:导热系数0.7-0.9MPa,抗压强度3.5以上,容重500Kg/m³;这种泡沫混凝土自保温砌块比传统的充填普通空气所制泡沫混凝土制品导热系数降低30%-50%,大大提高了产品的保温隔热性能,同时由于该产品内部含有99.99%的氮气,因为氮气的流动性差、密度大、稳定性好不容易溢出,能起到持久保温隔热的效果;采用旧工艺生产的泡沫混凝土内部气泡内含氧气及二氧化碳对产品材料会起到氧化作用,大大降低了产品的使用寿命,而采用本发明生产的泡沫混凝土气泡内则用氮气替代氧气及二氧化碳,避免发生氧化反应,就延长了产品的使用寿命;另外,由于氮气是空气中含量最多的气体,它在空气中含量为78%,然而一些企业把空气中的氧气提取后剩余气体基本都是氮气了,而氧气在空气中占比重只有21%,所以说我们利用一些氮气就能制成很好的建材产品,降低了产品的综合造价。
综上所述,本发明具有工艺简单、生产成本低的优点,充氮气的泡沫混凝土自保温砌块比传统的产品性价比要高很多,可提高泡沫混凝土自保温砌块的保温隔热性能,降低导热系数,延长泡沫混凝土自保温砌块的使用寿命。

Claims (1)

1.一种氮气泡沫混凝土自保温砌块生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
预制充有氮气的发泡液:将动物蛋白发泡剂和水混合后形成发泡液,在真空条件下,将氮气充入发泡液中,形成充有氮气的发泡液;
预制混凝土浆液:将物料和水加入搅拌装置中搅拌混合为混凝土浆液;
制备发泡混凝土浆液:将充有氮气的发泡液加入混凝土浆液中充分搅拌,得到发泡混凝土浆液;
浇注成型:将发泡混凝土浆液注入模具中浇注成型;
保温、脱模:将浇注成型的发泡混凝土保温养护一段时间后进行脱模;
所述发泡液中动物蛋白发泡剂和水的配比为1:25;
所述泡沫混凝土浆液的密度及其干密度比值为70:100;
氮气泡沫混凝土自保温砌块生产工艺所用的氮气泡沫造泡装置包括发泡剂储罐、真空发泡罐、压缩氮气管、第一输送泵和第二输送泵,所述发泡剂储罐内盛有动物蛋白发泡剂水溶液,所述发泡剂储罐通过第一输送泵及管路与真空发泡罐连通,所述压缩氮气管与真空发泡罐连通,所述真空发泡罐通过第二输送泵及输料管将物料输送至搅拌装置内,所述真空发泡罐内均布螺旋状丝带;
所述螺旋状丝带为螺旋状金属丝;
所述第一输送泵为柱塞泵,所述第二输送泵为软管泵。
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