CN105532444A - Breeding method for novel peanut variety - Google Patents
Breeding method for novel peanut variety Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
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Abstract
The invention provides a breeding method for a novel peanut variety. The breeding method comprises the following steps: with a high-yield disease-resistant line 025 spring/26 as a female parent, hybridizing the female parent with a high-yield disease-resistant variety Shanyou 162 and carrying out F1-F4 continuous screening so as to breed a high-yield disease-resistant strain (025 spring/26 * Shanyou 162) F5; with sweet osmanthus 22 as a female parent, hybridizing the female parent with 01 autumn/813 and carrying out F1-F4 continuous screening so as to breed a high-yield high-oil high-kernel-percent excellent strain 3001/18; and with 3001/18 as a female parent, hybridizing the female parent with the (025 spring/26 * Shanyou 162) F5 and carrying out F1-F9 continuous screening so as to breed a high-yield high-oil disease-resistant novel peanut variety sweet osmanthus 33. The breeding method for the novel peanut variety is simple and highly efficient; and the bred novel peanut variety has the advantages of a large per-plant-fruiting number, high yield, high oil and disease resistance and is especially applicable to cultivation and plantation in Guangxi Province, China.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to peanut breeding technical field, relate to a kind of selection of new peanut variety, be particularly suitable for the selection of a kind of new peanut variety of Guangxi province cultivating and growing.
Background technology
Peanut is one of the topmost economic crops of China and oil crop, and high yield is the main target of peanut breeding always.At present, China has selected the peanut varieties of some high yields, but the output of these peanut varieties is subject to the impact of planting area and amblent air temperature, and for a long time China and peanut breeding man in the world always using raising peanut yield as target, and to the breeding for qualitys such as the floorboard with high oil content of peanut and breeding for disease resistance attention degree inadequate, the peanut varieties causing the high oil of the high yield of incubation disease-resistant is few.In addition, the utilization of peanut breeding method is also more single, most use parents, the continuous selfing of filial generation, fine individual plant is selected, strain compares, strain compares the breeding procedures with regional test, has no for filtering out advantage hybrid combination in a large amount of hybrid combination and adopting further above-mentioned breeding procedures to select the research report of new varieties.As the Guangxi of China big agricultural province, be located in southwest, temperature is high, wet weather, what needs were suited measures to local conditions selects the disease-resistant new peanut variety of the high oil of the high yield being adapted to Guangxi province plantation, promote the update of Guangxi peanut cultivating variety and the Sustainable Healthy Development of peanut industry, ensure the safe and effective supply of Guangxi and national edible vegetable oil.
Summary of the invention
For above technical problem, the invention discloses a kind of selection of new peanut variety, adopt Peanut New Variety Selection method of the present invention, method is simple, efficiency is high, the new peanut variety per plant number selected is many, high yield, height are oily, disease-resistant, be good Oil-used peanut new varieties, be suitable for south China peanut producing region cultivating and growing, be particularly suitable for Guangxi province cultivating and growing.
To this, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A selection for new peanut variety, comprises the following steps:
Step S1: using high-yield disease resisting strain " 025 spring/26 " as maternal, hybridize as male parent with high-yield disease resisting kind " Shanyou 162 ", carry out field Infected Field Resistance screening continuously by F1 ~ F4 generation, select high-yield disease resisting strain " (025 spring/26 × Shanyou 162) F5 ".
Step S2: using high " sweet osmanthus 22 " of the high oily kernel percent of high yield as female parent, hybridize as male parent with disease-resistant strain " 01 autumn/813 ", by F1 ~ F4 for step sizing, select the excellent strain " 3001/18 " [(sweet osmanthus 22 × 01 autumn/813) F5] of high yield height innage kernel percent; Wherein, one of parent " sweet osmanthus 22 " is the kind containing wild species blood relationship.
Step S3: be maternal with " 3001/18 " [(sweet osmanthus 22 × 01 autumn/813) F5], " (025 spring/26 × Shanyou 162) F5 " hybridizes for male parent, for continuous print, the M8003 line of output, disease resistance, quality is screened through F1 ~ F9, finally select the new peanut variety " sweet osmanthus 33 " that the high oil of high yield is disease-resistant.
Improve further as of the present invention, in step S1, described F1 ~ F4 is that First Year plants F1 generation autumn for step sizing, the mixed seed receiving true hybrid plant after rejecting F1 generation pseudostationary plant; Carry out in Second Year spring and autumn adding generation plantation, and carry out the mixed receipts of simple grain by pedigree method; Within 3rd year, plant in the Infected Field of field, while the individual plant selecting productivity high (number of results is many), note selecting the resistance against diseases of the individual plant of productivity high (number of results is many), through the both parties in a lawsuit's plantation of spring and autumn, therefrom filter out high-yield disease resisting strain " (025 spring/26 × Shanyou 162) F5 ".
Improve further as of the present invention, in step S2, high and there is the Guangxi improved variety " sweet osmanthus 22 " of wild species or peanut favorable genes for female parent with the high oily kernel percent of high yield, hybridize as male parent with disease-resistant strain " 01 autumn/813 ", plant F1 generation autumn then, the mixed seed receiving true hybrid plant after rejecting F1 generation pseudostationary plant; Carry out in Second Year spring and autumn adding generation plantation, and carry out the mixed receipts of simple grain by pedigree method; Within 3rd year, select the individual plant of productivity high (number of results is many), while the individual plant selecting productivity high (number of results is many), adopt the individual plant of near-infrared diffuse reflection spectrum not damaged selection technique to productivity high (number of results is many) to carry out high oily not damaged to select, through the both parties in a lawsuit's plantation of spring and autumn, therefrom filter out the excellent strain " 3001/18 " [(sweet osmanthus 22 × 01 autumn/813) F5] of high yield height innage kernel percent.
Improve further as of the present invention, the oil content of described " 3001/18 " [(sweet osmanthus 22 × 01 autumn/813) F5] is not less than 56%, and kernel percent is not less than 72%.Further, the oil content of described " 3001/18 " [(sweet osmanthus 22 × 01 autumn/813) F5] is 56.9%, and kernel percent is 72.6%.
Improve further as of the present invention, the screening technique of hybrid combination in described step S3 (" 3001/18 " [(sweet osmanthus 22 × 01 autumn/813) F5] × " (025 spring/26 × Shanyou 162) F5 ") is: with peanut high yield, high oil, disease-resistant is target, prepare a large amount of peanut breeding hybrid combination targetedly, the F0 each peanut breeding hybrid combination obtained all gathers in the crops for seed and divides combination sowing to go down, after removal F1 generation pseudostationary plant, the mixed whole seeds receiving the true hybrid plant of F1 generation, 200 planting seeds are taken out again at random on the soil of 2 lis of ground area sizes from whole seeds of the true hybrid plant of F1 generation of all peanut breeding hybrid combination, 100 peanut seeds are sowed in the soil of every 1 li of ground area size, sow according to plantation specification, from F2 generation, start to select fine individual plant from each peanut breeding hybrid combination, then whole seeds of fine individual plant are gathered in the crops, after drying shell Deng pod, 200 large and good seeds are selected to plant, by that analogy, a rear generation population material is all on previous generation population material foundation, optionally take out 200 planting seeds in the manner described above on the soil of 2 lis of ground area sizes, F2 proceeds to F7 generation for continuous multi-generation selfing, and according to 1 li of ground area size, Pod Yield mensuration is carried out to each generation material F2-F7 and check variety sweet osmanthus 21 or Shanyou 523, whether increased production compared with the Pod Yield of check variety by the Pod Yield of each generation population material judging different peanut breeding hybrid combination, from a large amount of peanut breeding hybrid combination, filter out Pod Yield stablize and the advantage hybrid combination having yield heterosis.Wherein, described 1 li of ground area size is 8.33m × 0.8m=6.67m
2.
Preferably, described plantation specification is Ridged plant, the soil of every 1 li of ground area size is planted 2 row peanuts, line-spacing 27cm, cave distance 16.5cm, 1, every cave.
Because crossbreeding has randomness, the object of directional transformation can not be reached.Technical scheme of the present invention overcomes this difficult point, successfully select peanut advantage hybrid combination " 3001/18 " [(sweet osmanthus 22 × 01 autumn/813) F5] × " (025 spring/26 × Shanyou 162) F5 ", and utilize above-mentioned advantage breeding of hybrid combination to go out the disease-resistant new peanut variety " sweet osmanthus 33 " of the high oil of high yield.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The selection of a kind of new peanut variety provided by the invention, method is simple, efficiency is high, the new peanut variety per plant number selected is many, high yield, height are oily, disease-resistant, good Oil-used peanut new varieties, be suitable for south China peanut producing region cultivating and growing, be particularly suitable for Guangxi province cultivating and growing, there is good economic benefit and social benefit.
Embodiment
Below preferably embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
A selection for new peanut variety, comprises the following steps:
Step S1: with peanut high yield, high oil, disease-resistant is target, prepare a large amount of peanut breeding hybrid combination targetedly, the F0 each peanut breeding hybrid combination obtained all gathers in the crops for seed and divides combination sowing to go down, after removal F1 generation pseudostationary plant, the mixed whole seeds receiving the true hybrid plant of F1 generation, 200 planting seeds are taken out again at random on the soil of 2 lis of ground area sizes from whole seeds of the true hybrid plant of F1 generation of all peanut breeding hybrid combination, 100 peanut seeds are sowed in the soil of every 1 li of ground area size, according to plantation specification (Ridged plant, the soil of every 1 li of ground area size is planted 2 row peanuts, line-spacing 27cm, cave is apart from 16.5cm, 1, every cave) sow, from F2 generation, start to select fine individual plant from each peanut breeding hybrid combination, then whole seeds of fine individual plant are gathered in the crops, after drying shell Deng pod, 200 large and good seeds are selected to plant, by that analogy, a rear generation population material is all on previous generation population material foundation, optionally take out 200 planting seeds in the manner described above on the soil of 2 lis of ground area sizes, F2 proceeds to F7 generation for continuous multi-generation selfing, and according to 1 li of ground area size, Pod Yield mensuration is carried out to each generation material (F2-F7) and check variety (sweet osmanthus 21 or Shanyou 523), whether increased production compared with the Pod Yield of check variety by the Pod Yield of each generation population material judging different peanut breeding hybrid combination, from a large amount of peanut breeding hybrid combination, filter out Pod Yield stablize and the advantage hybrid combination having yield heterosis, finishing screen have selected peanut advantage hybrid combination " 3001/18 " [(sweet osmanthus 22 × 01 autumn/813) F5] × " (025 spring/26 × Shanyou 162) F5 ", wherein, two parents " 3001/18 " [(sweet osmanthus 22 × 01 autumn/813) F5] and " (025 spring/26 × Shanyou 162) F5 " then create out according to following steps 2 and step 3.
Step S2: First Year to utilize high-yield disease resisting strain " 025 spring/26 " as maternal, with high-yield disease resisting kind " Shanyou 162 " as paternal hybrid, to plant F1 generation autumn then, the mixed seed receiving true hybrid plant after rejecting F1 generation pseudostationary plant spring.Carry out in Second Year spring and autumn adding generation plantation, and carry out the mixed receipts of simple grain by pedigree method.Within 3rd year, plant in the Infected Field of field, while the individual plant selecting productivity high (number of results is many), note selecting the resistance against diseases of the individual plant of productivity high (number of results is many), through the both parties in a lawsuit's plantation of spring and autumn, therefrom filter out high-yield disease resisting strain " (025 spring/26 × Shanyou 162) F5 ".
Step S3: simultaneously, First Year utilizes the high oily kernel percent of high yield high and has Guangxi improved variety " sweet osmanthus 22 " the conduct female parent of wild species or peanut favorable genes spring, with disease-resistant strain " 01 autumn/813 " as paternal hybrid, plant F1 generation autumn then, the mixed seed receiving true hybrid plant after rejecting F1 generation pseudostationary plant.Carry out in Second Year spring and autumn adding generation plantation, and carry out the mixed receipts of simple grain by pedigree method.Within 3rd year, select the individual plant of productivity high (number of results is many), while the individual plant selecting productivity high (number of results is many), adopt the individual plant of near-infrared diffuse reflection spectrum not damaged selection technique to productivity high (number of results is many) to carry out high oily not damaged to select, through the both parties in a lawsuit's plantation of spring and autumn, therefrom filter out the excellent strain " 3001/18 " [(sweet osmanthus 22 × 01 autumn/813) F5] of high yield height innage kernel percent.Wherein, the oil yield of described " 3001/18 " reaches 56.9%, and kernel percent reaches 72.6%.
Step S4: on the peanut advantage hybrid combination " 3001/18 " [(sweet osmanthus 22 × 01 autumn/813) F5] obtained in step S1 × " (025 spring/26 × Shanyou 162) F5 " basis, the F8 that F7 is formed for colony's selfing is all planted in the Infected Field of field for colony, therefrom select productivity high (number of results is many), high oil, disease-resistant individual plant carries out self propagated, in selection productivity high (number of results is many) and while disease-resistant individual plant, employing near-infrared diffuse reflection spectrum not damaged selection technique is to productivity high (number of results is many) and disease-resistant individual plant carries out high oily not damaged selection, by high for productivity (number of results is many), high oil and disease-resistant individual plant carry out selfing, carry out the next generation to select, from F9 generation, carry out strain compare, elite plant strain is selected to enter qualification garden, filter out excellent new strain " 2010-819 ", and participate in the variety test of lines arranged by oneself, show excellent, yield increased kind " sweet osmanthus 21 " increase yield significantly.
Step S5: Guangxi peanut variety regional is carried out to excellent new strain " 2010-819 ", and layout on Guangxi Wuming County, Zhongshan County and other places simultaneously and plant experimentally, finally select and be suitable for south China peanut producing region cultivating and growing, be particularly suitable for the new peanut variety " sweet osmanthus 33 " that the high oil of high yield of Guangxi province cultivating and growing is disease-resistant.
With high-yield disease resisting kind " sweet osmanthus 21 " for contrast kind, carry out performance evaluation and output statistics to the disease-resistant new peanut variety " sweet osmanthus 33 " of the high oil of high yield being suitable for China's Guangxi plantation, result is as follows:
1. feature
" sweet osmanthus 33 " belongs to Pearl Type, and plant type is compact, and growing situation is strong, and in blade, leaf look green.Stem height 73.1cm, long branch 76.6cm, total branch amount 6.8, fruit bearing shoot 5.7, leaf number of the main culm 17.6, stem leafiness number 8.3 during results, per plant number 14.5, plumpness 84.87%, two a kind of fruit, such as apple, pear, etc. rate 82.82%, the heavy 189.5g of all kinds of fruits, the heavy 74.7g of hundred benevolence, kilogram several 605 of fruit, kernel percent 65.05%.
2. quality trait
Each Guangxi peanut variety regional point sampling mixing Hou Song Ministry of Agriculture oil plant and quality of item supervision and inspection center analyze, 1st year and the analysis result display of the 2nd 2 years years, " sweet osmanthus 33 " average crude fat content is 55.57%, contrast kind of " sweet osmanthus 21 " is 52.96%, higher by 2.61% than contrast kind of " sweet osmanthus 21 ", and crude protein content is 26.15%.
3. resistance
According to 2 years Guangxi peanut variety regional qualification results, " sweet osmanthus 33 " lodging resistance, drought resistance were strong, and resistance to overhead flooding injury is medium.Peanut variety regional field, Guangxi leaf spot 3.4 grades, rust 3.3 grades, middle resistance to bacterial wilt.
4. output performance
" sweet osmanthus 33 " participates in the Guangxi peanut variety regional of continuous 2 years organized by Guangxi seed master station, and with high-yield disease resisting kind " sweet osmanthus 21 " for contrast kind, result as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.From table 1 and table 2, the first year, " sweet osmanthus 33 " pod average yield 268.75 kgs/acre, than contrast kind of " sweet osmanthus 21 " volume increase 21.04 kgs/acre, volume increase 8.50%, increases production extremely remarkable; Seed benevolence average yield 170.91 kgs/acre, than contrast kind of " sweet osmanthus 21 " volume increase 11.70 kgs/acre, volume increase 7.35%, increases production extremely remarkable.
Second year, " sweet osmanthus 33 " pod average yield 302.08 kgs/acre, than contrast kind of " sweet osmanthus 21 " volume increase 20.05 kgs/acre, volume increase 7.11%, increases production extremely remarkable; Seed benevolence average yield 196.97 kgs/acre, than contrast kind of " sweet osmanthus 21 " volume increase 14.67 kgs/acre, volume increase 8.05%, increases production extremely remarkable.
Within 2 years, Guangxi peanut variety regional is average, " sweet osmanthus 33 " pod average yield 285.32 kgs/acre, and than contrast kind of " sweet osmanthus 21 " volume increase 20.55 kgs/acre, rate of growth 7.76%, increases production extremely remarkable; Seed benevolence average yield 183.94 kgs/acre, than contrast kind of " sweet osmanthus 21 " volume increase 13.18 kgs/acre, rate of growth 7.72%, increases production extremely remarkable.
Guangxi peanut variety regional Pod Yield participated in by table 1 " sweet osmanthus 33 "
Guangxi peanut variety regional seed benevolence output participated in by table 2 " sweet osmanthus 33 "
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a selection for new peanut variety, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step S1: using high-yield disease resisting strain " 025 spring/26 " as maternal, hybridize as male parent with high-yield disease resisting kind " Shanyou 162 ", carry out field Infected Field Resistance screening continuously by F1 ~ F4 generation, select high-yield disease resisting strain " (025 spring/26 × Shanyou 162) F5 ";
Step S2: using " sweet osmanthus 22 " of high yield height innage kernel percent as maternal, hybridizes as male parent with high-yield disease resisting strain " 01 autumn/813 ", by F1 ~ F4 for step sizing, selects " 3001/18 " of high yield height innage kernel percent;
Step S3: using " 3001/18 " as maternal, hybridize as male parent with " 025 spring/26 × Shanyou 162 ", for continuous print, the M8003 line of output, disease resistance, quality is screened through F1 ~ F9, select the new peanut variety " sweet osmanthus 33 " that the high oil of high yield is disease-resistant.
2. the selection of a kind of new peanut variety according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step S1, and described F1 ~ F4 is that First Year plants F1 generation autumn for step sizing, the mixed seed receiving true hybrid plant after rejecting F1 generation pseudostationary plant; Carry out in Second Year spring and autumn adding generation plantation, and carry out the mixed receipts of simple grain by pedigree method; Within 3rd year, plant in the Infected Field of field, through the both parties in a lawsuit's plantation of spring and autumn, therefrom filter out high-yield disease resisting strain " (025 spring/26 × Shanyou 162) F5 ".
3. the selection of a kind of new peanut variety according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step S2, be female parent with " sweet osmanthus 22 " that the high oily kernel percent of high yield is high, hybridize as male parent with disease-resistant strain " 01 autumn/813 ", plant F1 generation autumn then, the mixed seed receiving true hybrid plant after rejecting F1 generation pseudostationary plant; Carry out in Second Year spring and autumn adding generation plantation, and carry out the mixed receipts of simple grain by pedigree method; Within 3rd year, select the individual plant that productivity is high, and the individual plant adopting near-infrared diffuse reflection spectrum not damaged selection technique high to productivity carries out high oily not damaged selection, through the both parties in a lawsuit's plantation of spring and autumn, therefrom filter out the excellent strain " 3001/18 " of high yield height innage kernel percent.
4. the selection of a kind of new peanut variety according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the screening technique of the hybrid combination " 3001/18 " in described step S3 × " (025 spring/26 × Shanyou 162) F5 " is: with peanut high yield, high oil, disease-resistant is target, prepare a large amount of peanut breeding hybrid combination targetedly, the F0 each peanut breeding hybrid combination obtained all gathers in the crops for seed and divides combination sowing to go down, after removal F1 generation pseudostationary plant, the mixed whole seeds receiving the true hybrid plant of F1 generation, 200 planting seeds are taken out again at random on the soil of 2 lis of ground area sizes from whole seeds of the true hybrid plant of F1 generation of all peanut breeding hybrid combination, 100 peanut seeds are sowed in the soil of every 1 li of ground area size, sow according to plantation specification, from F2 generation, start to select fine individual plant from each peanut breeding hybrid combination, then whole seeds of fine individual plant are gathered in the crops, after drying shell Deng pod, 200 large and good seeds are selected to plant, by that analogy, a rear generation population material is all on previous generation population material foundation, optionally take out 200 large and good planting seeds in the manner described above on the soil of 2 lis of ground area sizes, F2 proceeds to F7 generation for continuous multi-generation selfing, and according to 1 li of ground area size, Pod Yield mensuration is carried out to each generation material F2-F7 and check variety sweet osmanthus 21 or Shanyou 523, whether increased production compared with the Pod Yield of check variety by the Pod Yield of each generation population material judging different peanut breeding hybrid combination, from a large amount of peanut breeding hybrid combination, filter out Pod Yield stablize and the advantage hybrid combination having yield heterosis.
5. the selection of a kind of new peanut variety according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described plantation specification is Ridged plant, the soil of every 1 li of ground area size is planted 2 row peanuts, line-spacing 27cm, cave distance 16.5cm, 1, every cave.
6. the selection of a kind of new peanut variety according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the oil content of described " 3001/18 " is not less than 56%, and kernel percent is not less than 72%.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106797884A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-06 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of selection of high oleic acid Silk channel injection |
| CN108374053A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2018-08-07 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | The molecular labeling in peanut kernel percent main effect QTL site and its application |
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| CN1568663A (en) * | 2004-04-26 | 2005-01-26 | 广东省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Seed selection method of peanut in population and variety |
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| CN1568663A (en) * | 2004-04-26 | 2005-01-26 | 广东省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Seed selection method of peanut in population and variety |
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| 广西壮族自治区农业厅: ""广西农作物品种审定委员会五届五次会议审定通过品种简介"", 《广西壮族自治区农业厅农作物新品种公告（桂农业公告[2015]23号》 * |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108374053A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2018-08-07 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | The molecular labeling in peanut kernel percent main effect QTL site and its application |
| CN108374053B (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2019-05-24 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | The molecular labeling in peanut kernel percent main effect QTL site and its application |
| CN106797884A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-06-06 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of selection of high oleic acid Silk channel injection |
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