CN105519794A - Preparation method of fermenting feed for culturing sea cucumber - Google Patents
Preparation method of fermenting feed for culturing sea cucumber Download PDFInfo
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- CN105519794A CN105519794A CN201610023169.8A CN201610023169A CN105519794A CN 105519794 A CN105519794 A CN 105519794A CN 201610023169 A CN201610023169 A CN 201610023169A CN 105519794 A CN105519794 A CN 105519794A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a fermenting feed for culturing sea cucumber, and belongs to the technical field of aquatic culture. The preparation method comprises the following steps of using shrimp shell meal and peanut meal, adding into water, adding protease, heating and carrying out enzymolysis, deactivating enzyme, and cooling, so as to obtain enzymatic hydrolysate; adding cotton seed cake, dried-powder of housefly larvae, phosphatide oil, wheat bran, rice bran, corn core meal, soybean meal and lactobacillus into the enzymatic hydrolysate, uniformly mixing, stacking, covering with a thin film, and fermenting; after fermenting is finished, airing, so as to obtain a fermenting feed matrix; uniformly mixing the fermenting feed matrix with vitamin C polyphosphate, monocalcium phosphate, alpha-starch, and fish oil, molding and granulating on a granulator, and crushing, so as to obtain the fermenting feed. The preparation method of the fermenting feed for culturing the sea cucumber has the advantage that the culturing yield of the sea cucumber and the content of nutrient elements are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of the fermentate feed for holothruian cultures, belong to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
Record according to Compendium of Material Medica: sea cucumber, sweet-salty, kidney tonifying, beneficial marrow, takes the photograph urine, and establishing-Yang is treated and withered, its benefit warm in nature, sufficient enemy's ginseng, therefore named sea cucumber.The sea cucumber speed of growth and slowly, nutritive value is very high, good reputation that sea cucumber have " hundred mend first of ".
Containing abundant acid mucopolysaccharide and arginine in sea cucumber, there is obvious body regulatory function and do fatigue effect.Not, the nutrients such as the nicotinic acid in sea cucumber, taurine, potassium, nickel all have quick dispelling fatigue, regulate neural function.Usually beche-de-mer can prevent cardiovascular disease, reduces blood pressure, exciting hematopoiesis function, suppress the synthesis, adjusting blood lipid etc. of cholesterol.The metabolic process of body fat can be affected in sea cucumber containing vanadium, manganese, potassium, copper, niacin, taurine etc., have the effect preventing fatty liver from being formed.
In current holothruian cultures process, the feed of use mainly contains two classes: one is that sargassum thunbergii or sargassum dry powder add ooze; Another kind of is artifical compound feed, and main component is that sargassum thunbergii or sargassum dry powder add one or more materials again, and such as fish meal, seawood meal, spirulina powder, complex enzyme, vitamin etc., make mash feed with after ooze Homogeneous phase mixing.When throwing something and feeding, add after feed stirs by seawater and drop in holothruian cultures water body.Such as patent CN105124322A discloses a kind of forage for sea cucumber and preparation method thereof, raw material based on sargassum thunbergii, sargassum, Kelp Powder, dregs of beans, fermenting by adding probiotics, adding sea cucumber premix again after fermentation, making sea cucumber fermented feed.The described each component of fermented feed basic material and mass ratio thereof are: sargassum thunbergii 10-14%, sargassum 10-14%, Kelp Powder 50-60%, dregs of beans 15-20%; Described probiotics is bacillus subtilis, product gastral cavity Candida, Trichoderma viride mix in the ratio of 5-7:1-2:1-2, the 5-10% of feed based on addition; The 1-2% of feed based on described sea cucumber premix.CN104664131A discloses a kind of organic feed for holothruian cultures, comprises following component by mass parts: active compound amino acid 1-20 part, fermentable culture 40-60 part, lecithin 0.5-3 part, fish oil 1-3 part, seawood meal 20-30 part, flour 1-10 part, fish meal 5-20 part.The major defect of these feeds is: one, feed is after input breeding water body, and a part of composition can molten mistake; Two, can be decomposed by the microorganisms by the feed that sea cucumber ingests, cause feed waste and ruin water quality; Three, undue sargassum thunbergii and the sargassum resource relying on exhaustion.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: the preparation method that a kind of fermentate feed for holothruian cultures is provided, the output of holothruian cultures and the content of nutritional labeling can be improved.
Technical scheme is as follows:
For a preparation method for the fermentate feed of holothruian cultures, comprise the steps:
1st step, by weight, get shrimp shell meal 70 ~ 90 parts, peanut meal 10 ~ 20 parts, add in the water of 3 ~ 6 times of weight of their weight sums, then add 1 ~ 3 part, protease, heating, enzymolysis, then go out enzyme, lets cool, obtain enzymolysis liquid;
2nd step, in enzymolysis liquid, add cottonseed cake 20 ~ 30 parts, 5 ~ 8 parts, housefly maggot powder, phosphatide oil 5 ~ 10 parts, 10 ~ 20 parts, wheat bran, 10 ~ 20 parts, rice bran, maize cob meal 10 ~ 15 parts, dregs of beans 10 ~ 20 parts, Bacillus acidi lactici 1 ~ 3 part, mix, ferment after re-cover film after accumulation, after fermentation ends, airing again, obtains fermented feed matrix;
3rd step, fermented feed matrix and LAPP 5 ~ 10 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 5 ~ 30 parts, α starch 10 ~ 40 parts, 10 ~ 30 parts, fish oil are mixed after, in the granulation of comminutor top die, then through pulverizing after, obtain fermentate feed.
In the 1st described step, heating-up temperature is 40 ~ 50 DEG C, and enzymolysis time is 3 ~ 6 hours.
In the 2nd described step, fermentation temperature 30 ~ 40 DEG C, fermentation time 20 ~ 30 days.
In the 2nd described step, airing to moisture is 10 ~ 15wt%.
Described housefly maggot powder is by housefly maggot drying, pulverizes rear obtaining.
Beneficial effect
The preparation method of the fermentate feed of holothruian cultures provided by the invention, can improve the output of holothruian cultures and the content of nutritional labeling.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
1st step, by weight, get shrimp shell meal 70 parts, peanut meal 10 parts, add in the water of 3 times of weight of their weight sums, then add 1 part, protease, be heated to 40 DEG C, enzymolysis 3 hours, then go out enzyme, lets cool, obtain enzymolysis liquid;
2nd step, in enzymolysis liquid, add cottonseed cake 20 parts, 5 parts, housefly maggot powder, phosphatide oil 5 parts, 10 parts, wheat bran, 10 parts, rice bran, maize cob meal 10 parts, dregs of beans 10 parts, Bacillus acidi lactici 1 part, mix, ferment after re-cover film after accumulation, fermentation temperature 30 DEG C, fermentation time 20 days, after fermentation ends, then airing to moisture is 10wt%, obtains fermented feed matrix; Described housefly maggot powder is by housefly maggot drying, pulverizes rear obtaining;
3rd step, fermented feed matrix and LAPP 5 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 5 parts, α starch 10 parts, 10 ~ 30 parts, fish oil are mixed after, in the granulation of comminutor top die, then through pulverizing after, obtain fermentate feed.
Embodiment 2
1st step, by weight, get shrimp shell meal 90 parts, peanut meal 20 parts, add in the water of 6 times of weight of their weight sums, then add protease 3 part, be heated to 50 DEG C, enzymolysis 6 hours, then go out enzyme, lets cool, obtain enzymolysis liquid;
2nd step, in enzymolysis liquid, add cottonseed cake 30 parts, 8 parts, housefly maggot powder, phosphatide oil 10 parts, 20 parts, wheat bran, 20 parts, rice bran, maize cob meal 15 parts, dregs of beans 20 parts, Bacillus acidi lactici 3 parts, mix, ferment after re-cover film after accumulation, fermentation temperature 40 DEG C, fermentation time 30 days, after fermentation ends, then airing to moisture is 15wt%, obtains fermented feed matrix; Described housefly maggot powder is by housefly maggot drying, pulverizes rear obtaining;
3rd step, fermented feed matrix and LAPP 10 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 30 parts, α starch 40 parts, 30 parts, fish oil are mixed after, in the granulation of comminutor top die, then through pulverizing after, obtain fermentate feed.
Embodiment 3
1st step, by weight, get shrimp shell meal 80 parts, peanut meal 15 parts, add in the water of 5 times of weight of their weight sums, then add 2 parts, protease, be heated to 45 DEG C, enzymolysis 5 hours, then go out enzyme, lets cool, obtain enzymolysis liquid;
2nd step, in enzymolysis liquid, add cottonseed cake 25 parts, 7 parts, housefly maggot powder, phosphatide oil 8 parts, 15 parts, wheat bran, 15 parts, rice bran, maize cob meal 12 parts, dregs of beans 15 parts, Bacillus acidi lactici 2 parts, mix, ferment after re-cover film after accumulation, fermentation temperature 35 DEG C, fermentation time 25 days, after fermentation ends, then airing to moisture is 12wt%, obtains fermented feed matrix; Described housefly maggot powder is by housefly maggot drying, pulverizes rear obtaining;
3rd step, fermented feed matrix and LAPP 8 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 12 parts, α starch 18 parts, 20 parts, fish oil are mixed after, in the granulation of comminutor top die, then through pulverizing after, obtain fermentate feed.
Reference examples 1
Be with the difference of embodiment 3: in the 2nd step, do not add housefly maggot powder.
1st step, by weight, get shrimp shell meal 80 parts, peanut meal 15 parts, add in the water of 5 times of weight of their weight sums, then add 2 parts, protease, be heated to 45 DEG C, enzymolysis 5 hours, then go out enzyme, lets cool, obtain enzymolysis liquid;
2nd step, in enzymolysis liquid, add cottonseed cake 25 parts, phosphatide oil 8 parts, 15 parts, wheat bran, 15 parts, rice bran, maize cob meal 12 parts, dregs of beans 15 parts, Bacillus acidi lactici 2 parts, mix, ferment after re-cover film after accumulation, fermentation temperature 35 DEG C, fermentation time 25 days, after fermentation ends, then airing to moisture is 12wt%, obtains fermented feed matrix; Described housefly maggot powder is by housefly maggot drying, pulverizes rear obtaining;
3rd step, fermented feed matrix and LAPP 8 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 12 parts, α starch 18 parts, 20 parts, fish oil are mixed after, in the granulation of comminutor top die, then through pulverizing after, obtain fermentate feed.
Reference examples 2
Be with the difference of embodiment 3: in the 2nd step, do not add phosphatide oil.
1st step, by weight, get shrimp shell meal 80 parts, peanut meal 15 parts, add in the water of 5 times of weight of their weight sums, then add 2 parts, protease, be heated to 45 DEG C, enzymolysis 5 hours, then go out enzyme, lets cool, obtain enzymolysis liquid;
2nd step, in enzymolysis liquid, add cottonseed cake 25 parts, 7 parts, housefly maggot powder, 15 parts, wheat bran, 15 parts, rice bran, maize cob meal 12 parts, dregs of beans 15 parts, Bacillus acidi lactici 2 parts, mix, ferment after re-cover film after accumulation, fermentation temperature 35 DEG C, fermentation time 25 days, after fermentation ends, then airing to moisture is 12wt%, obtains fermented feed matrix; Described housefly maggot powder is by housefly maggot drying, pulverizes rear obtaining;
3rd step, fermented feed matrix and LAPP 8 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 12 parts, α starch 18 parts, 20 parts, fish oil are mixed after, in the granulation of comminutor top die, then through pulverizing after, obtain fermentate feed.
Reference examples 3
Be with the difference of embodiment 3: in the 3rd step, do not add LAPP.
1st step, by weight, get shrimp shell meal 80 parts, peanut meal 15 parts, add in the water of 5 times of weight of their weight sums, then add 2 parts, protease, be heated to 45 DEG C, enzymolysis 5 hours, then go out enzyme, lets cool, obtain enzymolysis liquid;
2nd step, in enzymolysis liquid, add cottonseed cake 25 parts, 7 parts, housefly maggot powder, phosphatide oil 8 parts, 15 parts, wheat bran, 15 parts, rice bran, maize cob meal 12 parts, dregs of beans 15 parts, Bacillus acidi lactici 2 parts, mix, ferment after re-cover film after accumulation, fermentation temperature 35 DEG C, fermentation time 25 days, after fermentation ends, then airing to moisture is 12wt%, obtains fermented feed matrix; Described housefly maggot powder is by housefly maggot drying, pulverizes rear obtaining;
3rd step, fermented feed matrix and calcium dihydrogen phosphate 12 parts, α starch 18 parts, 20 parts, fish oil are mixed after, in the granulation of comminutor top die, then through pulverizing after, obtain fermentate feed.
Feed applications of the present invention feeding volume when the cultivation of stichopus japonicus can adopt dosage as follows:
Table 1
| The scope of application | Dosage |
| Young ginseng (< 2cm) | Day feeding volume 40g/ cubic meter |
| Children ginseng (>2 and<7cm) | Day, feeding volume was by stichopus japonicus body weight 10 ~ 15% |
| Become ginseng (> 7cm) | Day, feeding volume was by stichopus japonicus body weight 5 ~ 8% |
The feeding trial of test example 1 breading sea cucumber seedlings
Test site: Yantai, Shandong Province aquaculture base
Test period: on August 12,10 days to 2013 June in 2013
Test young ginseng: the young ginseng of 400 ~ 500 μm, cultivate water temperature 22.5 ~ 24.5 DEG C, salinity 29.8 ‰, water quality indices is all in young ginseng growth adaptation scope;
Adherance: be vinyon cloth, specification 50cm × 60cm, 9 every basket;
Test grouping and management: select of the same age and uniform young ginseng.Swimming pool area is 30m
2.Every day in early stage throws something and feeds once, and each daily ration, feeding quantity 8 ~ 15ppm, feeds utilizedly all uses 300 order silk cover filterings.Throw something and feed every day in later stage 2 ~ 3 times, throw something and feed every day 15 ~ 35ppm, all uses 120 order silk cover filterings.Running water technology, every day flowing water 8 hours, streamflow is cultivate 1.5 ~ 2 times of water body.Fell pond once July 22, and in the time of falling pond, reduces the loss to young ginseng as far as possible.
Table 2: the initial value of the test stichopus japonicus in each pond
| Young ginseng size/μm | Cultivation density //cm 2 | Young parameter amount/ten thousand |
| 400～500 | 0.24 | 130 |
After cultivation, seedling situation is as follows:
Table 3: young ginseng nursery survives situation
Shown by contrast test, young ginseng fed by the fermented feed utilizing the present invention to produce, and its survival rate is higher, and wherein embodiment 3 is relative to reference examples 1, by adding housefly maggot powder in the process of fermentation, can improve the survival rate of children's ginseng significantly.
The feeding trial that test example 2 stichopus japonicus is formed
Test site: Yantai, Shandong Province aquaculture base
Test period: on May 30,11 days to 2015 October in 2014
Test children ginseng: about 25g/ head, cultivate water temperature 10 ~ 19 DEG C, salinity 29.8 ‰, water quality indices is all in stichopus japonicus growth adaptation scope;
Test grouping and management: select of the same age and uniform children's ginseng, put into 5 culturing pools at random, each culturing pool area is about 22 mu, the fermented feed prepared in a kind of embodiment or reference examples is thrown in respectively in each pond, all adopt at the bottom of each pond arrange tile, stone heap form stichopus japonicus habitat is provided, throw something and feed every day once, feeding volume is about stichopus japonicus body weight 5%, feed of throwing something and feeding all crosses 100 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, is spread near adherance.
Table 4 becomes ginseng results situation
| Initial weight | End is heavy | Per mu yield | |
| Embodiment 1 | About 25g | Average about 105g | 558kg |
| Embodiment 2 | About 25g | Average about 98g | 537 kg |
| Embodiment 3 | About 25g | Average about 117g | 562 kg |
| Reference examples 1 | About 25g | Average about 83g | 482 kg |
| Reference examples 2 | About 25g | Average about 85g | 473 kg |
| Reference examples 3 | About 25g | Average about 81g | 458kg |
As can be seen from the table, the sea cucumber fermented feed that the present invention produces shows good effect in large area nursery and breeding process, and in young ginseng breeding process, contrast adopts conventional feed cultivation weight to increase by more than 15%, and survival rate improves more than more than 10%.Embodiment 3, relative to reference examples 2, adds phosphatide oil, can promote that the fermentation of nutriment is decomposed, can improve the average weight of sea cucumber after being prepared into feed in the process of fermentation; Embodiment 3, relative to reference examples 3, by adding LAPP, can promote that sea cucumber grows, and improves output.
Claims (5)
1. the preparation method for the fermentate feed of holothruian cultures, it is characterized in that, include following component by weight: the 1st step, by weight, get shrimp shell meal 70 ~ 90 parts, peanut meal 10 ~ 20 parts, add in the water of 3 ~ 6 times of weight of their weight sums, then add 1 ~ 3 part, protease, heating, enzymolysis, then go out enzyme, lets cool, obtain enzymolysis liquid; 2nd step, in enzymolysis liquid, add cottonseed cake 20 ~ 30 parts, 5 ~ 8 parts, housefly maggot powder, phosphatide oil 5 ~ 10 parts, 10 ~ 20 parts, wheat bran, 10 ~ 20 parts, rice bran, maize cob meal 10 ~ 15 parts, dregs of beans 10 ~ 20 parts, Bacillus acidi lactici 1 ~ 3 part, mix, ferment after re-cover film after accumulation, after fermentation ends, airing again, obtains fermented feed matrix; 3rd step, fermented feed matrix and LAPP 5 ~ 10 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 5 ~ 30 parts, α starch 10 ~ 40 parts, 10 ~ 30 parts, fish oil are mixed after, in the granulation of comminutor top die, then through pulverizing after, obtain fermentate feed.
2. the preparation method of the fermentate feed for holothruian cultures according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the 1st described step, heating-up temperature is 40 ~ 50 DEG C, and enzymolysis time is 3 ~ 6 hours.
3. the preparation method of the fermentate feed for holothruian cultures according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the 2nd described step, fermentation temperature 30 ~ 40 DEG C, fermentation time 20 ~ 30 days.
4. the preparation method of the fermentate feed for holothruian cultures according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the 2nd described step, airing to moisture is 10 ~ 15wt%.
5. the preparation method of the fermentate feed for holothruian cultures according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described housefly maggot powder is by housefly maggot drying, pulverizes rear obtaining.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610023169.8A CN105519794A (en) | 2016-01-14 | 2016-01-14 | Preparation method of fermenting feed for culturing sea cucumber |
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| CN201610023169.8A CN105519794A (en) | 2016-01-14 | 2016-01-14 | Preparation method of fermenting feed for culturing sea cucumber |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106116795A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-16 | 胡运冲 | A kind of method that waste material utilized in tobacco leaf production prepares slow-release fertilizer |
| CN106666247A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-05-17 | 威海金牌生物科技股份有限公司 | Foraging feed of special compound feed for breeding stichopus japonicus and preparation method of foraging feed |
| CN106852418A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-06-16 | 新昌县赛因斯生物科技有限公司 | Hard pellet feed for culturing kelp type holothurian |
| CN115606712A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2023-01-17 | 广西科学院 | Fattening feed for holothuria fuscogongensis |
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| CN102524604A (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2012-07-04 | 王贵国 | Biological feeds for sea cucumber |
| CN103284013A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-09-11 | 江苏海辰科技集团有限公司 | Hard pellet feed for culturing kelp type holothurian |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106116795A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-16 | 胡运冲 | A kind of method that waste material utilized in tobacco leaf production prepares slow-release fertilizer |
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| CN106666247A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-05-17 | 威海金牌生物科技股份有限公司 | Foraging feed of special compound feed for breeding stichopus japonicus and preparation method of foraging feed |
| CN115606712A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2023-01-17 | 广西科学院 | Fattening feed for holothuria fuscogongensis |
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Application publication date: 20160427 |