CN101773209A - Compound feed for shellfish - Google Patents
Compound feed for shellfish Download PDFInfo
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- CN101773209A CN101773209A CN 201010112350 CN201010112350A CN101773209A CN 101773209 A CN101773209 A CN 101773209A CN 201010112350 CN201010112350 CN 201010112350 CN 201010112350 A CN201010112350 A CN 201010112350A CN 101773209 A CN101773209 A CN 101773209A
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- shellfish
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Abstract
The invention provides a compound feed for shellfish, comprises the follows components of: 30 to 70% of protein feed, 30 to 50% of energy feed, 0.1 to 9% of minerals, 0.001 to 0.01% of vitamin, 2 to 10% of complex bacillus preparation and homogeneous powder with the content of crude protein higher than 15%. The quality is stable even if the compound feed is stored at a dry and shade place, the operation of use methods is simple and convenient, and produced activity feed is rich in nutrition and can be quickly absorbed by the shellfish to promote the growth of the mollusks. Meanwhile, the invention can promote the growth of single-cell algae, provide rich feed for the mollusks, and reduce the pollution of the feed to the environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to shellfish and use feed, relate in particular to and utilize the protease secrete the secretion of enzyme bacterium and amylase to come the protein in enzymolysis protein matter feed, the energy feed and the compound feed for shellfish of carbohydrate.
Background technology
In recent years, because China encloses and is coated with cultured area and enlarges year by year, coastal prawn culturing benefit descends, enclose and be coated with cultivated shellfish and obtain large-scale development, the razor clam of particularly hanging, the mud blood clam, clam, mussel, the high density intensive culture of shellfish such as scallop and oyster, utilize natural zooplankter in the seawater, unicellular alga can not have been satisfied the normal growth needs of shellfish as the traditional approach of foundation bait, for promoting the growth of shellfish, the coastal culturist of China utilizes the low value fishes and shrimps directly to throw in shellfish culture through rubbing or without any processing and coats, raising together with under the situation of prawn, excreta by the shrimp body becomes shellfish bait, during monoculture, through rotting naturally, after the decomposition, as shellfish bait or be used for rich water, promote the unicellular alga growth, enrich shellfish bait.This cultural method can not be degraded rapidly because of the fishes and shrimps material when monoculture, is absorbed, utilizes by shellfish, easily causes to be coated with matter blackout, aging, harmful microorganism grows in a large number, simultaneously, produces harmful substances such as hydrogen sulfide because of fishes and shrimps are corrupt, cause shellfish anoxic, premunition to descend, even large tracts of land death; When water temperature was low, this cultural method had not both reached the purpose that promotes unicellular alga, shellfish growth, contaminated environment again.
In culturing, China's intertidal shellfish still have the fermented livestock of use excrement, vegetable protein (as soya-bean cake) fermented product, chemical industry fertilizer to splash at beach (water surface), by cultivating unicellular alga, improve the shellfish growth, but, such food nutrition composition is extremely uneven, cultivation is suitable for benthic algae limited in one's ability of shellfish growth, and is easily absorbed by macros such as blue mud tongue, hydrodictyon reticulatums, does not reach the purpose of accelerating the shellfish growth.And easily cause water pollution, be coated with the aging and shellfish of matter and fall ill because of nutritional deficiency even large tracts of land death, bring very big loss to the operator.
On the other hand, the patent No. is to disclose a kind of enzyme that comprises among the ZL200410038058.1 " needing the compound feed for shellfish of enzymolysis before a kind of the use ", by protein, the carbohydrate in enzymolysis protein matter feed, the energy feed, thereby the small-molecule substance that makes it to become solubility can make shellfish absorb feed rapidly.But because it directly uses enzyme preparation to cause the hydrolysis result problem of unstable, these enzyme preparations are along with the prolongation of waiting time, and its enzymatic activity also significantly descends thereupon, influence product quality and effect or increase the production cost.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing, purpose of the present invention is, a kind of compound feed for shellfish is provided, and it can not occur the problem that the prolongation with waiting time causes performance significantly to descend in 1 year in dry shady and cool place storage yet.
The invention provides a kind of compound feed for shellfish, component and percentage by weight are, protein feeds 30～66%, energy feed 30～52%, mineral matter 0.1～9%, vitamin 0.001～0.01% and composite bacillus preparation 2～10%, crude protein content is higher than 15% even matter powder.
According to compound feed for shellfish of the present invention, by secreting the protease of enzyme bacterium secretion, amylase, protein, carbohydrate in enzymolysis protein matter feed, the energy feed, make it to become the small-molecule substance of solubility, and additional mineral matter, vitamins and other nutritious components, make it to become active bait nutritious, that can be absorbed rapidly by the filter-feeding shellfish, promote the shellfish growth, simultaneously, promote unicellular alga growth in the water, enrich shellfish bait, reduce environmental pollution, guarantee the shellfish healthy growth.Owing to adopted the stronger composite bacillus preparation of accommodative ability of environment, even compound feed for shellfish of the present invention can not occurred causing the significantly problem of decline of performance with the prolongation of waiting time in drying, the storage of shady and cool place in 1 year yet.
In the compound feed for shellfish of the present invention, described protein feeds and described energy feed be to its separately raw material carry out pulverization process and obtain, grinding particle size reaches more than 20 orders.Higher grinding particle size helps the homogeneity of mixed feed and the quality of enzymolysis converted products.
In the compound feed for shellfish of the present invention, the grinding particle size of described mineral matter, described vitamin reaches more than 40 orders.These materials are because proportion is less, and higher grinding particle size helps improving the uniformity of mixed feed.
Compound feed for shellfish of the present invention is fully to stir and obtain by mixing various raw materials, and its coefficient of variation should be greater than 10%.
In the compound feed for shellfish of the present invention, the composite bacillus preparation contains bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens.Manufacture method for the composite bacillus preparation is not particularly limited, can be prepared according to known method, as bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens are cultivated respectively, after culture carried out drying, the mixed culture dried product, perhaps in same culture medium, cultivate bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens simultaneously, culture is carried out drying obtain the culture dried product, perhaps directly buy etc.The bacillus subtilis that the composite bacillus preparation is contained and the viable count of bacillus amyloliquefaciens are preferably and can make secreted protease amount and amylase amount reach quantity in vigor 10～500,000 units and 5～250,000 units respectively.Promptly, viable count in preferred every gram bacillus subtilis raw material and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens raw material is respectively more than 20,000,000,000 and 10,000,000,000, and the bacillus subtilis that perhaps every gram compound feed for shellfish of the present invention is contained and the viable count of bacillus amyloliquefaciens are respectively 200,000,000-1,000,000,000 and 100,000,000-500,000,000.
Below, the using method of compound feed for shellfish of the present invention is described.Compound feed for shellfish of the present invention adds certain proportion water before use, cultivates under preference temperature, ferments, and the liquid feed that is processed into is used for cultivated shellfish, and its concrete operations step is as follows:
1, get in a compound feed for shellfish bag or the bucket and add 2～18 parts in water, mixing is placed in 5～55 ℃ the environment, shakes every day or stirs 1～6 time.
2, when environment temperature is lower than 20 ℃, placed 2～10 days; Environment temperature was placed 8 hours～5 days in the time of 20～35 ℃; Environment temperature was placed 4 hours～3 days when being higher than 35 ℃.From judging in appearance, goods are with the increase of standing time, and thinning gradually, easily mobile, color deepens gradually, after stablizing to whole variable color, places 1～2 day again, can use.
3, be used for fertile shellfish, above-mentioned fabricated product directly can be splashed and coat or support on the water surface that shellfish is coated with supporting shellfish.According to the shellfish growth needs, consumption is not limit.
4, be used for rich water, when fine, above-mentioned fabricated product directly can be splashed on the water surface of culturing the pool.Cultivate needs according to water colour, consumption is not limit.
Can take the circumstances into consideration to splash again after the water mixing during fabricated product stiff among the present invention.
Mixed feed using method of the present invention is easy and simple to handle, and the active bait of production is nutritious, and can be absorbed rapidly by shellfish, promotes the growth of shellfish; Simultaneously, can promote the growth of unicellular alga, enrich bait, reduce the pollution of bait environment for shellfish provides.
The relational language that relates among the present invention:
1, the shellfish that relates among the present invention comprises: mud blood clam, the razor clam of hanging, clam, mussel, scallop and oyster etc.
2, shorten with the rising of environment temperature the standing time that relates among the present invention in 5～55 ℃ of scopes, and environment temperature is more than 25 ℃, in 6 days, environment temperature is below 25 ℃, in 10 days, standing time is of a specified duration more, and the active bait quality of processing is good relatively more.In the active bait process, increase and stir number of times, can shorten the process time of active bait.
3, the protein feeds among the present invention is meant that crude protein content is higher than 18% feedstuff, comprising: animal/vegetable protein feeds such as fish meal, shrimp crab meat, digested tankage, dregs of beans, the cottonseed dregs of rice, rapeseed dregs.
4, the energy feed among the present invention is meant that crude protein content is lower than 18% feedstuff, comprising: plant kernels such as corn, barley, wheat, paddy.
5, the mineral matter among the present invention comprises: mineral matter salts such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, cobalt, selenium.
6, the vitamin among the present invention is the mixture of B family vitamin and vitamin A, D, E, K.
The specific embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Every kilogram of compound feed for shellfish prescription and application process during high protein
Rapeseed dregs 220 grams; Dregs of beans 389 grams; Paddy 200 grams; Bacillus subtilis culture dried product 100 gram (viable count in every gram respectively more than 20,000,000,000, below identical); Bacillus amyloliquefaciens culture dried product 10 gram (viable count in every gram respectively more than 10,000,000,000, below identical); Microelement pre-mix material 14 grams (microelement pre-mix material is formed: ferrous sulfate monohydrate 2 grams, and monohydrate zinc sulphate 0.4 gram, manganese sulfate monohydrate 0.45 gram, copper sulfate monohydrate 0.08 gram, 1% 1 water cobalt chloride, 0.2 gram, 1% sodium selenite, 0.1 gram, zeolite powder adds to 14 grams); Sodium dihydrogen phosphate 25 grams; Calcium carbonate 41.9 grams; Vitamin premix 0.1 gram (vitamin premix is formed: thiamine 2mg, riboflavin 7mg, nicotinic acid 30mg, calcium pantothenate 7 mg, vitamin B6 7mg, 1% cobalamin 0.01mg, 2% biotin 0.05mg and folic acid 0.8mg, wheat bran add to 0.1 gram).Rapeseed dregs, dregs of beans, more than paddy raw material pulverizing to 20 order, other is more than raw material pulverizing to 40 order, through fully mixing.
Get 3 kilograms of mixed feeds and put in the bucket, add 30 kilograms in water, mixing is added a cover, and the time stirred 1 time every 6 hours by day, when temperature during 15 ℃ of left and right sides, places 6 days; When temperature during, placed 4 days 25 ℃ of left and right sides; When temperature during 40 ℃ of left and right sides, placed 2 days, can use.Be used for the fertile Becquerel water surface that Yu Yangbei is coated with of directly splashing, according to the growth needs of shellfish, consumption is not limit; Being used for rich water should be when fine, and above-mentioned active bait can be splashed on 1 mu of water surface, or looks the water quality girth of a garment and take the circumstances into consideration increase and decrease.
Embodiment 2
Every kilogram of compound feed for shellfish prescription and application process during high-energy feed
Fish meal 70 grams; Cotton dregs 200 grams; Corn 600 grams; Bacillus subtilis 10 grams; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 50 grams; Microelement pre-mix material 14 grams (microelement pre-mix material is formed: ferrous sulfate monohydrate 2 grams, and monohydrate zinc sulphate 0.4 gram, manganese sulfate monohydrate 0.45 gram, copper sulfate monohydrate 0.08 gram, 1% 1 water cobalt chloride, 0.2 gram, 1% sodium selenite, 0.1 gram, zeolite powder adds to 14 grams); Sodium dihydrogen phosphate 25 grams; Calcium carbonate 40.9 grams; Vitamin premix 0.1 gram (vitamin premix is formed: thiamine 2mg, riboflavin 7mg, nicotinic acid 30mg, calcium pantothenate 7 mg, vitamin B6 7mg, 1% cobalamin 0.01mg, 2% biotin 0.05mg and folic acid 0.8mg, wheat bran add to 0.1 gram).Fish meal, cotton dregs, maize raw material are crushed to more than 20 orders, and other is more than raw material pulverizing to 40 order, through fully mixing.
Get 3 kilograms of mixed feeds and put in the bucket, add 30 kilograms in water, mixing is added a cover, and the time stirred 1 time every 6 hours by day, when temperature during 15 ℃ of left and right sides, places 6 days; When temperature during, placed 4 days 25 ℃ of left and right sides; When temperature during 40 ℃ of left and right sides, placed 2 days, can use.Be used for the fertile Becquerel water surface that Yu Yangbei is coated with of directly splashing, according to the growth needs of shellfish, consumption is not limit; Being used for rich water should be when fine, and above-mentioned active bait can be splashed on 1 mu of water surface, or looks the water quality girth of a garment and take the circumstances into consideration increase and decrease.
Embodiment 3
Every kilogram of compound feed for shellfish prescription and application process when suitable albumen, energy feed
Dregs of beans 245 grams; Cotton dregs 100 grams; Rapeseed dregs 100 grams; Corn 300 grams; Barley 100; Bacillus subtilis 50 grams; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 25 grams; Microelement pre-mix material 14 grams (microelement pre-mix material is formed: ferrous sulfate monohydrate 2 grams, and monohydrate zinc sulphate 0.4 gram, manganese sulfate monohydrate 0.45 gram, copper sulfate monohydrate 0.08 gram, 1% 1 water cobalt chloride, 0.2 gram, 1% sodium selenite, 0.1 gram, zeolite powder adds to 14 grams); Sodium dihydrogen phosphate 25 grams; Calcium carbonate 40.9 grams; Vitamin premix 0.1 gram (vitamin premix is formed: thiamine 2mg, riboflavin 7mg, nicotinic acid 30mg, calcium pantothenate 7 mg, vitamin B6 7mg, 1% cobalamin 0.01mg, 2% biotin 0.05mg and folic acid 0.8mg, wheat bran add to 0.1 gram).Dregs of beans, cotton dregs, rapeseed dregs, corn, more than paddy raw material pulverizing to 20 order, other is more than raw material pulverizing to 40 order, through fully mixing.
Get 3 kilograms of mixed feeds and put in the bucket, add 30 kilograms in water, mixing is added a cover, and the time stirred 1 time every 6 hours by day, when temperature during 15 ℃ of left and right sides, places 6 days; When temperature during, placed 4 days 25 ℃ of left and right sides; When temperature during 40 ℃ of left and right sides, placed 2 days, can use.Be used for the fertile Becquerel water surface that Yu Yangbei is coated with of directly splashing, according to the growth needs of shellfish, consumption is not limit; Being used for rich water should be when fine, and above-mentioned active bait can be splashed on 1 mu of water surface, or looks the water quality girth of a garment and take the circumstances into consideration increase and decrease.
Comparative Examples
As a comparison case, the disclosure with reference to patent ZL200410038058.1 has prepared the shellfish usefulness feed (hereinafter referred to as the Comparative Examples feed) that uses enzyme preparation.
The Comparative Examples feed was deposited 10 months, and enzyme activity wherein descends more than 50%, has a strong impact on product quality; And the mixed feed of the embodiment of the invention 1～3 has been owing to be to use compound bacillus preparation, and its product effect remains unchanged substantially.
Claims (9)
1. compound feed for shellfish, component and percentage by weight are protein feeds 30～66%, energy feed 30～52%, mineral matter 0.1～9%, vitamin 0.001～0.01% and composite bacillus preparation 2～10%.
2. compound feed for shellfish as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described protein feeds is fish meal, shrimp crab meat, digested tankage, dregs of beans, the cottonseed dregs of rice or rapeseed dregs.
3. compound feed for shellfish as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described energy feed is the plant kernel of corn, barley, wheat or paddy.
4. compound feed for shellfish as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described mineral matter is the mineral matter salt of calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, cobalt or selenium.
5. compound feed for shellfish as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described vitamin is the mixture of B family vitamin and vitamin A, D, E or K.
6. compound feed for shellfish as claimed in claim 1, described composite bacillus preparation contains bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
7. compound feed for shellfish as claimed in claim 6, the described bacillus subtilis that described composite bacillus preparation is contained and the viable count of described bacillus amyloliquefaciens are respectively to make secreted protease amount and amylase amount reach viable count in vigor 10～500,000 units and 5～250,000 units.
8. as the using method of each the described compound feed for shellfish among the claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, add certain proportion water before use, through being used for cultivated shellfish after cultivation, the fermenting and producing under the preference temperature.
9. as the using method of each the described compound feed for shellfish among the claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, getting even matter powder places container to add 2～18 parts in water for 1 part, stir, in 5～55 ℃ environment, place a couple of days, stir every day 1～2 time, be thin shape after, directly splash and supporting on the water surface that shellfish is coated with.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010112350 CN101773209A (en) | 2010-02-10 | 2010-02-10 | Compound feed for shellfish |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010112350 CN101773209A (en) | 2010-02-10 | 2010-02-10 | Compound feed for shellfish |
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| CN101773209A true CN101773209A (en) | 2010-07-14 |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014020226A1 (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2014-02-06 | Norel, S.A | Additives for feeding aquatic animals, containing probiotics |
| CN104799124A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-07-29 | 湖北省金谷药业有限公司 | Venerupis philippinarum compound feed |
| CN104996815A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-28 | 广东海洋大学 | Pinctada martensii micro-encapsulated diet and preparation method thereof |
| CN106213057A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-12-14 | 广西正五海洋产业股份有限公司 | A kind of feed formula improving scallop yield |
| CN106305538A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 北海金不换水产贸易有限公司 | Natural seawater clam breeding method |
| CN106305540A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 北海金不换水产贸易有限公司 | Method for culturing venerupis philippinarum by use of natural seawater |
| CN106332817A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-18 | 北海金不换水产贸易有限公司 | Natural marine culture method for cyclina sinensis |
| CN107927422A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-04-20 | 李六秀 | Artificial breeding feed of oyster and preparation method thereof |
| CN108112824A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-06-05 | 天津农学院 | A kind of preparation method and application of filter-feeding cultivated shellfish feed |
| CN109548965A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-04-02 | 浙江海洋大学 | Oyster cooperates special feed |
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| CN101538538A (en) * | 2008-03-18 | 2009-09-23 | 上海环伟生物科技有限公司 | Composite microorganism viable bacteria preparation and preparation method and application of same |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014020226A1 (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2014-02-06 | Norel, S.A | Additives for feeding aquatic animals, containing probiotics |
| CN104799124A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-07-29 | 湖北省金谷药业有限公司 | Venerupis philippinarum compound feed |
| CN104799124B (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2017-12-08 | 湖北省金谷药业有限公司 | A kind of colored clam mixed feed |
| CN104996815A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-28 | 广东海洋大学 | Pinctada martensii micro-encapsulated diet and preparation method thereof |
| CN104996815B (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2018-10-16 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of pteria martensii micro-encapsulated diet and preparation method thereof |
| CN106213057A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-12-14 | 广西正五海洋产业股份有限公司 | A kind of feed formula improving scallop yield |
| CN106305538A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 北海金不换水产贸易有限公司 | Natural seawater clam breeding method |
| CN106305540A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 北海金不换水产贸易有限公司 | Method for culturing venerupis philippinarum by use of natural seawater |
| CN106332817A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-18 | 北海金不换水产贸易有限公司 | Natural marine culture method for cyclina sinensis |
| CN107927422A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-04-20 | 李六秀 | Artificial breeding feed of oyster and preparation method thereof |
| CN108112824A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-06-05 | 天津农学院 | A kind of preparation method and application of filter-feeding cultivated shellfish feed |
| CN109548965A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-04-02 | 浙江海洋大学 | Oyster cooperates special feed |
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Application publication date: 20100714 |