CN105506961A - 一种蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法 - Google Patents

一种蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法 Download PDF

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CN105506961A
CN105506961A CN201510951965.3A CN201510951965A CN105506961A CN 105506961 A CN105506961 A CN 105506961A CN 201510951965 A CN201510951965 A CN 201510951965A CN 105506961 A CN105506961 A CN 105506961A
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张莘蔓
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法,属于蚕丝膨化技术领域,所述蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法包括第一次漂洗、渗透、第二次漂洗、平衡、烘干等步骤。使用本发明的方法膨化蚕丝后,蚕丝具有较强的柔顺度和色强度;本发明的方法工艺流程先进,操作简单,生产成本低,有利于推广应用。

Description

一种蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法
技术领域
本发明属于蚕丝膨化技术领域,具体涉及一种蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法。
背景技术
传统方式加工蚕丝被的工艺简单,品种极为单一,以传统工艺加工的蚕丝被经使用后,丝纤维易缠结、粘连,随之弹性和保暖性将会随之降低,需要经常翻拆、扯松,才能保持蚕丝被原有的优良服饰性能。
为赋予蚕丝优良的膨松、柔软、高弹等性能,需对蚕丝进行精加工,使蚕丝纤维空隙膨大,制成的蚕丝棉具有膨松、高弹性、纤维间不结板的特点。通过对蚕丝使用膨化剂进行膨化处理,可增加蚕丝纤维膨松性、高弹性、柔软性,可有效防止丝纤维间不粘丝、缠结,提高蚕丝被的实用性。目前蚕丝进行精加工后需要对蚕丝进行膨化处理,但是效果并不是很好,还不能满足工厂实际生产的需求。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法,以解决目前蚕丝进行精加工后对蚕丝进行膨化处理,其效果不是很好,不能满足工厂实际生产的需求等问题。使用本发明的方法膨化蚕丝后,蚕丝具有较强的柔顺度和色强度;本发明的方法操作简单,生产成本低。
为了解决以上技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法,包括下列步骤:
S1、第一次漂洗:将精练后的蚕丝放在35-65℃的去离子水中第一次漂洗,第一次漂洗后脱水,制得脱水后的蚕丝;
S2、渗透:将步骤S1中制得的脱水后蚕丝放入蚕丝膨化剂和去离子水的质量比为1:100-200的蚕丝膨化剂溶液中,在真空度为0.91-0.95Mpa,温度为20-25℃下低温真空渗透处理脱水的蚕丝5-15min,重复步骤S2的低温真空渗透处理2-3次后,蚕丝放置8-16h;
S3、第二次漂洗:将步骤S2中完成低温真空渗透处理后的蚕丝浸入所述蚕丝膨化剂溶液中并调节pH值至6-8.5,煮沸5-10min,再用去离子水第二次漂洗;
S4、平衡和烘干:将步骤S3漂洗后的蚕丝的pH值调节至中性,蚕丝在68-72℃下烘干至含水率为8%-10%,制得蚕丝成品。
优选地,步骤S2中所述的蚕丝膨化剂,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:解舒剂525-1240份、柔顺剂48.4-97.4份,所述解舒剂包括以下原料:Na2SiO325-40份、去离子水500-1200份;所述柔顺剂包括以下原料:酯基季铵盐6-12份、消泡剂0.5-1份、渗透剂0.2-0.8份、保水剂0.4-0.8份、润湿分散剂0.4-0.8份、香味剂0.2-0.6份、柠檬酸0.3-0.6份、增稠剂0.3-0.5份、防霉剂0.1-0.3份、去离子水40-80份。
更优选地,所述消泡剂包括硅烷改性聚氨酯、聚醚改性硅烷中的一种或两种。
更优选地,所述渗透剂包括皂粉、木质素磺酸钠、烷基磺酸钠、烷基苯磺酸钠、烷基硫酸酯钠中的一种或多种。
更优选地,所述保水剂包括聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酸钠、聚丙烯酸铵、淀粉接枝丙烯酸钠中的一种或多种。
更优选地,所述润湿分散剂包括木质素磺酸钙、N-月桂酰基谷氨酸钠、月桂醇硫酸钠中的一种或多种。
更优选地,所述香味剂包括香茅醛、茶树精油、薰衣草精油中的一种或多种。
更优选地,所述增稠剂包括黄原胶、结冷胶、卡拉胶、槐豆胶中的一种或多种。
更优选地,所述防霉剂包括喹氧灵、三唑酮中的一种或两种。
本发明还提供一种蚕丝膨化剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S21:将酯基季铵盐加入40-80份去离子水中,升温至50-60℃下,搅拌溶解酯基季铵盐,得混合液A;
S22:向步骤S21制得的混合液A中分别加入保水剂、润湿分散剂、增稠剂、渗透剂、防霉剂,升温至65-70℃后,在微波辐射下,加热反应15-20min,得混合液B;
S23:将步骤S22制得的混合液B冷却至30-45℃后加入香味剂、消泡剂,搅拌混合均匀得混合液C;
S24:向步骤S23制得的混合液C中加入柠檬酸,调节pH值至5.6-5.8,制得蚕丝柔顺剂;
S25:将Na2SiO3加入500-1200份去离子水中,升温至70-75℃下,搅拌溶解Na2SiO3,制得蚕丝解舒剂;
S26:将步骤S24制得的蚕丝柔顺剂和步骤S25制得的蚕丝解舒剂混合,即制得蚕丝膨化剂。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
(1)使用本发明的方法膨化蚕丝后,蚕丝具有较强的柔顺度和色强度;
(2)本发明的方法工艺流程先进,操作简单,生产成本低,有利于推广应用。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法,包括下列步骤:
S1、第一次漂洗:将精练后的蚕丝放在35℃的去离子水中第一次漂洗,第一次漂洗后脱水,制得脱水后的蚕丝;
S2、渗透:将步骤S1中制得的脱水后蚕丝放入蚕丝膨化剂和去离子水的质量比为1:100的蚕丝膨化剂溶液中,在真空度为0.91Mpa,温度为20℃下低温真空渗透处理脱水的蚕丝15min,重复步骤S2的低温真空渗透处理2次后,蚕丝放置16h,所述的蚕丝膨化剂,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:解舒剂525份、柔顺剂48.4份,所述解舒剂包括以下原料:Na2SiO325份、去离子水500份;所述柔顺剂包括以下原料:酯基季铵盐6份、硅烷改性聚氨酯0.5份、皂粉0.2份、聚丙烯酰胺0.4份、木质素磺酸钙0.4份、香茅醛0.2份、柠檬酸0.3份、黄原胶0.3份、喹氧灵0.1份、去离子水40份;
S3、第二次漂洗:将步骤S2中完成低温真空渗透处理后的蚕丝浸入所述蚕丝膨化剂溶液中并调节pH值至6,煮沸10min,再用去离子水第二次漂洗;
S4、平衡和烘干:将步骤S3漂洗后的蚕丝的pH值调节至中性,蚕丝在68℃下烘干至含水率为10%,制得蚕丝成品。
所述蚕丝膨化剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S21:将酯基季铵盐加入40份去离子水中,升温至50℃下,搅拌溶解酯基季铵盐,得混合液A;
S22:向步骤S21制得的混合液A中分别加入保水剂、润湿分散剂、增稠剂、渗透剂、防霉剂,升温至65℃后,在微波功率为300W辐射下,加热反应20min,得混合液B;
S23:将步骤S22制得的混合液B冷却至45℃后加入香味剂、消泡剂,搅拌混合均匀得混合液C;
S24:向步骤S23制得的混合液C中加入柠檬酸,调节pH值至5.6,制得蚕丝柔顺剂;
S25:将Na2SiO3加入500份去离子水中,升温至70℃下,搅拌溶解Na2SiO3,制得蚕丝解舒剂;
S26:将步骤S24制得的蚕丝柔顺剂和步骤S25制得的蚕丝解舒剂混合,即制得蚕丝膨化剂。
实施例2
一种蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法,包括下列步骤:
S1、第一次漂洗:将精练后的蚕丝放在65℃的去离子水中第一次漂洗,第一次漂洗后脱水,制得脱水后的蚕丝;
S2、渗透:将步骤S1中制得的脱水后蚕丝放入蚕丝膨化剂和去离子水的质量比为1:200的蚕丝膨化剂溶液中,在真空度为0.95Mpa,温度为25℃下低温真空渗透处理脱水的蚕丝5min,重复步骤S2的低温真空渗透处理3次后,蚕丝放置8h,所述的蚕丝膨化剂,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:解舒剂1240份、柔顺剂97.4份,所述解舒剂包括以下原料:Na2SiO340份、去离子水1200份;所述柔顺剂包括以下原料:酯基季铵盐12份、聚醚改性硅烷1份、木质素磺酸钠0.8份、聚丙烯酸钠0.8份、N-月桂酰基谷氨酸钠0.8份、茶树精油0.6份、苹果酸0.6份、结冷胶0.5份、三唑酮0.3份、去离子水80份;
S3、第二次漂洗:将步骤S2中完成低温真空渗透处理后的蚕丝浸入所述蚕丝膨化剂溶液中并调节pH值至8.5,煮沸5min,再用去离子水第二次漂洗;
S4、平衡和烘干:将步骤S3漂洗后的蚕丝的pH值调节至中性,蚕丝在72℃下烘干至含水率为8%,制得蚕丝成品。
所述蚕丝膨化剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S21:将酯基季铵盐加入80份去离子水中,升温至60℃下,搅拌溶解酯基季铵盐,得混合液A;
S22:向步骤S21制得的混合液A中分别加入保水剂、润湿分散剂、增稠剂、渗透剂、防霉剂,升温至70℃后,在微波功率为300W辐射下,加热反应15min,得混合液B;
S23:将步骤S22制得的混合液B冷却至30℃后加入香味剂、消泡剂,搅拌混合均匀得混合液C;
S24:向步骤S23制得的混合液C中加入柠檬酸,调节pH值至5.8,制得蚕丝柔顺剂;
S25:将Na2SiO3加入1200份去离子水中,升温至75℃下,搅拌溶解Na2SiO3,制得蚕丝解舒剂;
S26:将步骤S24制得的蚕丝柔顺剂和步骤S25制得的蚕丝解舒剂混合,即制得蚕丝膨化剂。
实施例3
一种蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法,包括下列步骤:
S1、第一次漂洗:将精练后的蚕丝放在50℃的去离子水中第一次漂洗,第一次漂洗后脱水,制得脱水后的蚕丝;
S2、渗透:将步骤S1中制得的脱水后蚕丝放入蚕丝膨化剂和去离子水的质量比为1:150的蚕丝膨化剂溶液中,在真空度为0.93Mpa,温度为22℃下低温真空渗透处理脱水的蚕丝10min,重复步骤S2的低温真空渗透处理3次后,蚕丝放置12h,所述的蚕丝膨化剂,以重量份为单位,所述蚕丝膨化剂包括以下原料:解舒剂910份、柔顺剂73份,所述解舒剂包括以下原料:Na2SiO360份、去离子水850份;所述柔顺剂包括以下原料:酯基季铵盐9份、硅烷改性聚氨酯0.4份、聚醚改性硅烷0.4份、烷基磺酸钠0.3份、烷基苯磺酸钠0.2份、聚丙烯酸铵0.3份、淀粉接枝丙烯酸钠0.3份、N-月桂酰基谷氨酸钠0.3份、月桂醇硫酸钠0.3份、茶树精油0.2份、薰衣草精油0.2份、柠檬酸0.2份、苹果酸0.3份、卡拉胶0.2份、槐豆胶0.2份、喹氧灵0.1份、三唑酮0.1份、去离子水60份;
S3、第二次漂洗:将步骤S2中完成低温真空渗透处理后的蚕丝浸入所述蚕丝膨化剂溶液中并调节pH值至7.5,煮沸8min,再用去离子水第二次漂洗;
S4、平衡和烘干:将步骤S3漂洗后的蚕丝的pH值调节至中性,蚕丝在70℃下烘干至含水率为9%,制得蚕丝成品。
所述蚕丝膨化剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S21:将酯基季铵盐加入60份去离子水中,升温至55℃下,搅拌溶解酯基季铵盐,得混合液A;
S22:向步骤S21制得的混合液A中分别加入保水剂、润湿分散剂、增稠剂、渗透剂、防霉剂,升温至65℃后,在微波功率为300W辐射下,加热反应20min,得混合液B;
S23:将步骤S22制得的混合液B冷却至35℃后加入香味剂、消泡剂,搅拌混合均匀得混合液C;
S24:向步骤S23制得的混合液C中加入柠檬酸,调节pH值至5.7,制得蚕丝柔顺剂;
S25:将Na2SiO3加入850份去离子水中,升温至72℃下,搅拌溶解Na2SiO3,制得蚕丝解舒剂;
S26:将步骤S24制得的蚕丝柔顺剂和步骤S25制得的蚕丝解舒剂混合,即制得蚕丝膨化剂。
实施例4
一种蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法,包括下列步骤:
S1、第一次漂洗:将精练后的蚕丝放在45℃的去离子水中第一次漂洗,第一次漂洗后脱水,制得脱水后的蚕丝;
S2、渗透:将步骤S1中制得的脱水后蚕丝放入蚕丝膨化剂和去离子水的质量比为1:120的蚕丝膨化剂溶液中,在真空度为0.92Mpa,温度为24℃下低温真空渗透处理脱水的蚕丝8min,重复步骤S2的低温真空渗透处理2次后,蚕丝放置10h,所述的蚕丝膨化剂,以重量份为单位,所述蚕丝膨化剂包括以下原料:解舒剂730份、柔顺剂61.3份,所述解舒剂包括以下原料:Na2SiO330份、去离子水700份;所述柔顺剂包括以下原料:酯基季铵盐8份、硅烷改性聚氨酯0.7份、木质素磺酸钠0.3份、聚丙烯酸铵0.5份、月桂醇硫酸钠0.5份、茶树精油0.3份、柠檬酸0.4份、卡拉胶0.4份、三唑酮0.2份、去离子水50份;
S3、第二次漂洗:将步骤S2中完成低温真空渗透处理后的蚕丝浸入所述蚕丝膨化剂溶液中并调节pH值至6.5,煮沸9min,再用去离子水第二次漂洗;
S4、平衡和烘干:将步骤S3漂洗后的蚕丝的pH值调节至中性,蚕丝在70℃下烘干至含水率为10%,制得蚕丝成品。
所述蚕丝膨化剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S21:将酯基季铵盐加入50份去离子水中,升温至55℃下,搅拌溶解酯基季铵盐,得混合液A;
S22:向步骤S21制得的混合液A中分别加入保水剂、润湿分散剂、增稠剂、渗透剂、防霉剂,升温至68℃后,在微波功率为300W辐射下,加热反应18min,得混合液B;
S23:将步骤S22制得的混合液B冷却至38℃后加入香味剂、消泡剂,搅拌混合均匀得混合液C;
S24:向步骤S23制得的混合液C中加入柠檬酸,调节pH值至5.6,制得蚕丝柔顺剂;
S25:将Na2SiO3加入700份去离子水中,升温至75℃下,搅拌溶解Na2SiO3,制得蚕丝解舒剂;
S26:将步骤S24制得的蚕丝柔顺剂和步骤S25制得的蚕丝解舒剂混合,即制得蚕丝膨化剂。
实施例5
一种蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法,包括下列步骤:
S1、第一次漂洗:将精练后的蚕丝放在55℃的去离子水中第一次漂洗,第一次漂洗后脱水,制得脱水后的蚕丝;
S2、渗透:将步骤S1中制得的脱水后蚕丝放入蚕丝膨化剂和去离子水的质量比为1:180的蚕丝膨化剂溶液中,在真空度为0.94Mpa,温度为23℃下低温真空渗透处理脱水的蚕丝12min,重复步骤S2的低温真空渗透处理2次后,蚕丝放置14h,所述的蚕丝膨化剂,以重量份为单位,所述蚕丝膨化剂包括以下原料:解舒剂1035份、柔顺剂84.3份,所述解舒剂包括以下原料:Na2SiO335份、去离子水1000份;所述柔顺剂包括以下原料:酯基季铵盐10份、聚醚改性硅烷0.9份、烷基苯磺酸钠0.6份、淀粉接枝丙烯酸钠0.6份、月桂醇硫酸钠0.6份、香茅醛0.5份、柠檬酸0.4份、槐豆胶0.4份、喹氧灵0.3份、去离子水70份;
S3、第二次漂洗:将步骤S2中完成低温真空渗透处理后的蚕丝浸入所述蚕丝膨化剂溶液中并调节pH值至8,煮沸5-10min,再用去离子水第二次漂洗;
S4、平衡和烘干:将步骤S3漂洗后的蚕丝的pH值调节至中性,蚕丝在72℃下烘干至含水率为8%,制得蚕丝成品。
所述蚕丝膨化剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S21:将酯基季铵盐加入70份去离子水中,升温至50℃下,搅拌溶解酯基季铵盐,得混合液A;
S22:向步骤S21制得的混合液A中分别加入保水剂、润湿分散剂、增稠剂、渗透剂、防霉剂,升温至70℃后,在微波功率为300W辐射下,加热反应15min,得混合液B;
S23:将步骤S22制得的混合液B冷却至42℃后加入香味剂、消泡剂,搅拌混合均匀得混合液C;
S24:向步骤S23制得的混合液C中加入柠檬酸,调节pH值至5.8,制得蚕丝柔顺剂;
S25:将Na2SiO3加入1000份去离子水中,升温至70℃下,搅拌溶解Na2SiO3,制得蚕丝解舒剂;
S26:将步骤S24制得的蚕丝柔顺剂和步骤S25制得的蚕丝解舒剂混合,即制得蚕丝膨化剂。
性能测试:
(1)采用本发明实施例1、3、5的膨化方法对精炼后的蚕丝进行膨化处理,其柔顺度和色强度检测结果如下表所示。
由上表可知,使用本发明的方法膨化蚕丝后,蚕丝具有较强的柔顺度和色强度。
以上内容不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明,对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换,都应当视为属于本发明由所提交的权利要求书确定的专利保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法,其特征在于,包括下列步骤:
S1、第一次漂洗:将精练后的蚕丝放在35-65℃的去离子水中第一次漂洗,第一次漂洗后脱水,制得脱水后的蚕丝;
S2、渗透:将步骤S1中制得的脱水后蚕丝放入蚕丝膨化剂和去离子水的质量比为1:100-200的蚕丝膨化剂溶液中,在真空度为0.91-0.95Mpa,温度为20-25℃下低温真空渗透处理脱水的蚕丝5-15min,重复步骤S2的低温真空渗透处理2-3次后,蚕丝放置8-16h;
S3、第二次漂洗:将步骤S2中完成低温真空渗透处理后的蚕丝浸入所述蚕丝膨化剂溶液中并调节pH值至6-8.5,煮沸5-10min,再用去离子水第二次漂洗;
S4、平衡和烘干:将步骤S3漂洗后的蚕丝的pH值调节至中性,蚕丝在68-72℃下烘干至含水率为8%-10%,制得蚕丝成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中所述的蚕丝膨化剂,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:解舒剂525-1240份、柔顺剂48.4-97.4份,所述解舒剂包括以下原料:Na2SiO325-40份、去离子水500-1200份;所述柔顺剂包括以下原料:酯基季铵盐6-12份、消泡剂0.5-1份、渗透剂0.2-0.8份、保水剂0.4-0.8份、润湿分散剂0.4-0.8份、香味剂0.2-0.6份、柠檬酸0.3-0.6份、增稠剂0.3-0.5份、防霉剂0.1-0.3份、去离子水40-80份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法,其特征在于,所述消泡剂包括硅烷改性聚氨酯、聚醚改性硅烷中的一种或两种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法,所述渗透剂包括皂粉、木质素磺酸钠、烷基磺酸钠、烷基苯磺酸钠、烷基硫酸酯钠中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求2所述的蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法,所述保水剂包括聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酸钠、聚丙烯酸铵、淀粉接枝丙烯酸钠中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求2所述的蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法,所述润湿分散剂包括木质素磺酸钙、N-月桂酰基谷氨酸钠、月桂醇硫酸钠中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求2所述的蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法,所述香味剂包括香茅醛、茶树精油、薰衣草精油中的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求2所述的蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法,其特征在于,所述增稠剂包括黄原胶、结冷胶、卡拉胶、槐豆胶中的一种或多种。
9.根据权利要求2所述的蚕丝精炼后膨化的方法,其特征在于,所述防霉剂包括喹氧灵、三唑酮中的一种或两种。
10.一种根据权利要求2-9任一项所述的蚕丝膨化剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S21:将酯基季铵盐加入40-80份去离子水中,升温至50-60℃下,搅拌溶解酯基季铵盐,得混合液A;
S22:向步骤S21制得的混合液A中分别加入保水剂、润湿分散剂、增稠剂、渗透剂、防霉剂,升温至65-70℃后,在微波辐射下,加热反应15-20min,得混合液B;
S23:将步骤S22制得的混合液B冷却至30-45℃后加入香味剂、消泡剂,搅拌混合均匀得混合液C;
S24:向步骤S23制得的混合液C中加入柠檬酸,调节pH值至5.6-5.8,制得蚕丝柔顺剂;
S25:将Na2SiO3加入500-1200份去离子水中,升温至70-75℃下,搅拌溶解Na2SiO3,制得蚕丝解舒剂;
S26:将步骤S24制得的蚕丝柔顺剂和步骤S25制得的蚕丝解舒剂混合,即制得蚕丝膨化剂。
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