CN105482548B - 一种环保pvc装饰膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种环保pvc装饰膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105482548B
CN105482548B CN201511016310.3A CN201511016310A CN105482548B CN 105482548 B CN105482548 B CN 105482548B CN 201511016310 A CN201511016310 A CN 201511016310A CN 105482548 B CN105482548 B CN 105482548B
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张赟
徐樟良
徐昆
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Foshan Nanhai Tianyuan Maoxin New Material Co ltd
Guangdong Tianyuan Huibang New Material Co ltd
T&c Decorative Material Co ltd
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HANGZHOU TIANYUAN CHENGDA DECORATIVE MATERIAL CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种环保PVC装饰膜,其包括环保PVC基材、印刷在环保PVC基材上的水性油墨印刷层和压贴在水性油墨印刷层上的环保PVC面膜。所述水性油墨为无机纳米改性丙烯酸酯复合涂料,原料组分主要包括:纳米二氧化硅丙烯酸酯复合乳液18~22份、自交联苯丙乳液42~55份、高固体含量颜料滤饼20~32、阴离子表面活性剂0.3~1份等,其具有着色力好、干燥快、成膜性好、附着力强等优点。同时该环保PVC装饰膜具有无毒无味、热稳定性良好等优异性能。本发明还公开了一种环保PVC装饰膜的制备方法,其生产工艺简单、实用性强,有利于工业化生产。

Description

一种环保PVC装饰膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种PVC装饰膜,特别是涉及一种环保PVC装饰膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们对装饰家居的需求量越来越大,对环保材料亦越来越重视。传统的家居行业装饰膜以PVC膜为基材,采用溶剂型油墨来印刷饰层。而为了提高PVC膜作为印刷基材及贴合面膜的性能,如要求PVC膜透明度高、强度大、耐受低高温、自粘性好、具有一定的透氧和透湿能力等,需要添加大量的增塑剂、稳定剂,同时在生产PVC膜过程中会残留一定量的单体和分解产物,这些分解的氯化产物释放出来后会形成难闻的气味,并对人体造成多种危害。目前报道的有危害的助剂主要是用作增塑剂的邻苯二甲酸酯类和抗氧化剂双酚A及印刷油墨中的溶剂等。
VOC(挥发性有机气体)被公认为当今全球大气污染的主要污染源之一,溶剂型油墨会散发出大量的低浓度VOC。由于水性油墨用水作溶解载体,所以无论是在其生产过程中,还是被用于印刷时,几乎不会向大气散发VOC。这是溶剂型油墨所无法比拟的。随着水性油墨技术的发展,部分装饰膜的制备已选用环保水性油墨印刷技术,然而PVC膜因其材料本身具有的特性,如热稳定性较低,对水性油墨附着力较差等,因此限制了环保水性油墨在PVC膜上的应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:针对上述现有技术的不足,提供一种环保PVC装饰膜,其采用水性油墨印刷而成。
本发明的另一个目的在于:提供一种环保PVC装饰膜的制备方法。
本发明所采取的技术方案是:
一种环保PVC装饰膜,包括环保PVC基材、印刷在环保PVC基材上的水性油墨印刷层和压贴在水性油墨印刷层上的环保PVC面膜。所述水性油墨为无机纳米改性丙烯酸酯复合涂料。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述无机纳米改性丙烯酸酯复合涂料的原料组分按重量份计如下:
具体地,消泡剂为聚醚改性有机硅烷类,润湿流平剂为炔二醇双子基表活性剂,增稠剂为非离子聚氨酯增稠剂。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述纳米二氧化硅丙烯酸酯复合乳液为含2%纳米二氧化硅的改性丙烯酸酯复合乳液。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述阴离子表面活性剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠。
其中,水性油墨制备中的连接料是最基础的材料,对油墨的印刷效果以及使用性能具有至关重要的作用,而连接料的研究及选用会直接影响水性油墨印刷的发展。而聚丙烯酸由于具有良好的耐候性、粘接性、耐光性以及成膜性能等优点,主要应用于高档水性油墨的制备,并且其改性技术的进展较大。本发明选用纳米二氧化硅丙烯酸酯复合乳液作为主要连接料,能有效地解决普通水性油墨在PVC基材上附着力较差的问题,同时乳液混合物能使水性油墨涂料中的各个成分分散更均匀,其成膜后综合性能更优。
另外,本发明中选用了具有良好着色力和分散体稳定性的高固体含量颜料滤饼,在消除了粉尘对环境污染的同时,简化了水性油墨的制造工艺。因高固体含量颜料滤饼分散性很好,只需高速分散就可达到油墨的细度要求,大大提高了生产效率。同时基于水性油墨的挥发速度较慢,干燥时间较长,容易在印刷过程中造成堵版、暗影等缺陷,因此本发明在配方中添加入阴离子表面活性剂,以有效提高水性油墨的干燥速度。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述无机纳米改性丙烯酸酯复合涂料的制备方法为:
1)分散:按重量份直接将高固体含量颜料滤饼加入到纳米二氧化硅丙烯酸酯复合乳液和自交联苯丙乳液的混合乳液中,然后加入消泡剂、润湿流平剂、转移助剂、工业酒精、水混合均匀后分散,控制分散速度为1000r/min,分散时间为20min;
2)调制:向步骤1)所得混合物中加入原料组分重量份的阴离子表面活性剂,再加入增稠剂调整粘度,控制分散速度为700r/min,分散时间为10min。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述环保PVC基材和环保PVC面膜的原料组分按重量份计如下:
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述增塑剂为经硫化钠改性的聚己二酸丙二醇酯;所述热稳定性剂选自硬脂酸锌和硬脂酸钙中的其中一种。
其中热稳定剂的作用为降低PVC材料在受热条件下的分解,选用金属皂类作为热稳定剂,具有无毒、良好的光稳定性和耐候性等优点,使制备得的PVC材料更环保。同时选用经改性的增塑剂,能有效地防止存在适当相转移物质的水性油墨中增塑剂的迁移现象。本发明制备得的环保PVC基材和环保PVC面膜具有VOC释放量低,无毒无味、环保等优点。
作为上述方案的进一步改进,所述环保PVC基材和环保PVC面膜的制备方法如下:将PVC树脂溶于适量环己酮/四氢呋喃(体积比为1:1)混合溶剂中,浓度为1g/10ml,加入增塑剂及其它原料,搅拌均匀,在PET膜上流延成一定厚度的膜;然后将薄膜放在通风橱中挥发溶剂,待大量溶剂挥发后放入60℃的鼓风干燥箱中,使溶剂挥发完全,即得环保PVC膜。
本发明采取的另一个技术方案是:一种环保PVC装饰膜的制备方法,包括如下工艺步骤:
1)基材表面处理:环保PVC基材表面进行高压电晕处理;
2)水性油墨印刷:将无机纳米改性丙烯酸酯复合涂料用溶剂稀释至25~30s/涂4杯25℃,采用凹版印刷方法将其印刷于环保PVC基材表面;
3)压贴面膜:将环保PVC面膜压贴于水性油墨印刷层上。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明的环保PVC装饰膜具有三层结构,其中选用环保PVC涂料制备的薄膜作为基材和面膜,中间印刷层为水性油墨印刷层,使制备得的环保PVC装饰膜具有无毒无味、热稳定性良好等优异性能。
本发明通过原料选择、调整配方及工艺优化,制备出适用于PVC膜上印刷的水性油墨,该水性油墨具有着色力好、干燥快、成膜性好、附着力强等优点。
本发明中的环保PVC装饰膜的制备方法生产工艺简单、实用性强,有利于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面将结合具体的实施例1~3对本发明作进一步说明。
一种环保PVC装饰膜,其包括环保PVC基材、印刷在环保PVC基材上的水性油墨印刷层和压贴在水性油墨印刷层上的环保PVC面膜。
其中环保PVC基材和环保PVC面膜的原料组分按重量份计如下:
所述环保PVC基材和环保PVC面膜的制备方法如下:
将PVC树脂溶于适量溶剂,如环己酮/四氢呋喃(体积比为1:1)的混合溶剂中,浓度为1g/10ml,加入增塑剂及其它原料,搅拌均匀,在PET膜上流延成一定厚度的膜;然后将薄膜放在通风橱中挥发溶剂,待大量溶剂挥发后放入60℃的鼓风干燥箱中,使溶剂挥发完全,即得环保PVC膜。
实施例1
水性油墨原料组分及其制备方法:其水性油墨为无机纳米改性丙烯酸酯复合涂料,原料组分按重量份计如下:
水性油墨按如下制备方法制备:
1)分散:按重量份直接将高固体含量颜料滤饼加入到纳米二氧化硅丙烯酸酯复合乳液和自交联苯丙乳液的混合乳液中,然后加入消泡剂、润湿流平剂、转移助剂、工业酒精、水混合均匀后分散,控制分散速度为1100r/min,分散时间为20min;
2)调制:向步骤1)所得混合物中加入原料组分重量份的阴离子表面活性剂,再加入增稠剂调整粘度,控制分散速度为700r/min,分散时间为10min,得水性油墨a。
一种环保PVC装饰膜的制备方法:包括如下工艺步骤:
1)基材表面处理:环保PVC基材表面进行高压电晕处理;
2)水性油墨印刷:将水性油墨a用溶剂稀释至26s/涂4杯25℃,采用凹版印刷方法将其印刷于环保PVC基材表面;
3)压贴面膜:将环保PVC面膜压贴于水性油墨印刷层上。
实施例2
水性油墨原料组分及其制备方法:其水性油墨为无机纳米改性丙烯酸酯复合涂料,原料组分按重量份计如下:
水性油墨按如下制备方法制备:
1)分散:按重量份直接将高固体含量颜料滤饼加入到纳米二氧化硅丙烯酸酯复合乳液和自交联苯丙乳液的混合乳液中,然后加入消泡剂、润湿流平剂、转移助剂、工业酒精、水混合均匀后分散,控制分散速度为1100r/min,分散时间为20min;
2)调制:向步骤1)所得混合物中加入原料组分重量份的阴离子表面活性剂,再加入增稠剂调整粘度,控制分散速度为700r/min,分散时间为10min,得水性油墨b。
一种环保PVC装饰膜的制备方法:包括如下工艺步骤:
1)基材表面处理:环保PVC基材表面进行高压电晕处理;
2)水性油墨印刷:将水性油墨b用溶剂稀释至30s/涂4杯25℃,采用凹版印刷方法将其印刷于环保PVC基材表面;
3)压贴面膜:将环保PVC面膜压贴于水性油墨印刷层上。
实施例3
水性油墨原料组分及其制备方法:其水性油墨为无机纳米改性丙烯酸酯复合涂料,原料组分按重量份计如下:
水性油墨按如下制备方法制备:
1)分散:按重量份直接将高固体含量颜料滤饼加入到纳米二氧化硅丙烯酸酯复合乳液和自交联苯丙乳液的混合乳液中,然后加入消泡剂、润湿流平剂、转移助剂、工业酒精、水混合均匀后分散,控制分散速度为1100r/min,分散时间为20min;
2)调制:向步骤1)所得混合物中加入原料组分重量份的阴离子表面活性剂,再加入增稠剂调整粘度,控制分散速度为700r/min,分散时间为10min,得水性油墨c。
一种环保PVC装饰膜的制备方法:包括如下工艺步骤:
1)基材表面处理:环保PVC基材表面进行高压电晕处理;
2)水性油墨印刷:将水性油墨c用溶剂稀释至28s/涂4杯25℃,采用凹版印刷方法将其印刷于环保PVC基材表面;
3)压贴面膜:将环保PVC面膜压贴于水性油墨印刷层上。
按GB/T13217.7-2009《液体油墨附着牢度检验方法》对上述实施例1~3分别制备得的水性油墨进行水性油墨附着力性能测试,其测试结果如下:
测试样品 油墨附着牢度(%)
实施例1 99.2
实施例2 99.5
实施例3 99.1
由测试结果可得,本发明制备出的水性油墨适用于环保PVC基材的印刷,并具有良好的附着力。

Claims (2)

1.一种环保PVC装饰膜,其特征在于包括环保PVC基材、印刷在环保PVC基材上的水性油墨印刷层和压贴在水性油墨印刷层上的环保PVC面膜,所述水性油墨为无机纳米改性丙烯酸酯复合涂料;
其中,无机纳米改性丙烯酸酯复合涂料的原料组分按重量份计如下:
无机纳米改性丙烯酸酯复合涂料的制备方法为:
1)分散:按重量份将高固体含量颜料滤饼加入到纳米二氧化硅丙烯酸酯复合乳液和自交联苯丙乳液的混合乳液中,然后加入消泡剂、润湿流平剂、转移助剂、工业酒精、水混合均匀后分散,控制分散速度为1100r/min,分散时间为20min;
2)调制:向步骤1)所得混合物中加入原料组分重量份的阴离子表面活性剂,再加入增稠剂调整粘度,控制分散速度为700r/min,分散时间为10min;
所述纳米二氧化硅丙烯酸酯复合乳液为含2%纳米二氧化硅丙烯酸酯复合乳液;所述阴离子表面活性剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠;
其中,环保PVC基材和环保PVC面膜的原料组分按重量份计如下:
所述环保PVC基材和环保PVC面膜的制备方法如下:将PVC树脂溶于适量体积比为1:1的环己酮/四氢呋混合溶剂中,浓度为1g/10ml,加入增塑剂及其它原料,搅拌均匀,在PET膜上流延成一定厚度的膜;然后将薄膜放在通风橱中挥发溶剂,待大量溶剂挥发后放入60℃的鼓风干燥箱中,使溶剂挥发完全,即得环保PVC膜;
所述增塑剂为经硫化钠改性的聚己二酸丙二醇酯;所述热稳定性剂选自硬脂酸锌和硬脂酸钙中的其中一种。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的环保PVC装饰膜的制备方法,其特征在于包括如下工艺步骤:
1)基材表面处理:环保PVC基材表面进行高压电晕处理;
2)水性油墨印刷:将无机纳米改性丙烯酸酯复合涂料用溶剂稀释至25~30s/涂4杯25℃,采用凹版印刷方法将其印刷于环保PVC基材表面;
3)压贴面膜:将环保PVC面膜压贴于水性油墨印刷层上。
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