CN105463291B - Fully-prealloyed powder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fully-prealloyed powder and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 198
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 112
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229960004643 cupric oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 27
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001272 pressureless sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009692 water atomization Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 33
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 59
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 31
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 23
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 7
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009747 press moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005551 mechanical alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000320 mechanical mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001145 Ferrotungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007771 core particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 has atomization Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000713 high-energy ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009766 low-temperature sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPJYAXCTOHRFDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L tetracopper;2,4,6-trioxido-1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriarsinane;diacetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.[O-][As]1O[As]([O-])O[As]([O-])O1.[O-][As]1O[As]([O-])O[As]([O-])O1 BPJYAXCTOHRFDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/17—Metallic particles coated with metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/20—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from solid metal compounds
- B22F9/22—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from solid metal compounds using gaseous reductors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/04—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing tin or lead
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
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- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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Abstract
The invention discloses fully-prealloyed powder. The fully-prealloyed powder is prepared from, by weight percentage, 30%-65% of Fe, 15%-45% of Cu, 1%-15% of Sn, 0%-15% of Ni, 1%-30% of Co, 0%-5% of Qt and the balance inevitable impurities, wherein Qt is selected from one or more of Mn, Cr, Ti, P and W. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the fully-prealloyed powder. The formability and sintering strength of the fully-prealloyed powder are improved, and the sintering density of the fully-prealloyed power is increased; in the whole process, only the fully-prealloyed powder is used as a bonding agent in a diamond tool bit; and the advantages that the fully-prealloyed powder is low in sintering temperature, wide in process range and good in pullout strength on diamond are brought into full play.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to powder metallurgical technology, especially a kind of full pre-alloying powder and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Diamond tool is the overwhelming majority is made using powder metallurgic method, is first mutually mixed bonding agent with synthetic diamond particles
Close, then repressed shaping, sintering are formed.
Bonding agent (also known as carcass) affects the performance of diamond tool to a great extent, usually by cobalt, copper, stannum,
The allotment of the multiple elements such as ferrum, nickel is formed, and after mixing homogeneously with diamond particles, reaches the shape, close of setting by swaging, sintering
Degree and mechanical property, this multielement mechanical mixture powder have that sintering temperature is higher, element alloyed insufficient, metallographic structure
Uneven, sintering is difficult to the shortcomings of sintering wayward when reaching complete densification, element fusing point great disparity, causes the wear-resisting of carcass
Property, hold property cannot should have performance, while higher temperature sintering to diamond properties have infringement and it is uneconomical.
For improving the performance of bonding agent, people propose pre-alloyed powder concept in the nineties in 20th century, will multielement
By the leading alloying of certain technique, as pre-alloyed powder alloying is abundant, even tissue, mechanical mixture can be so overcome
The shortcoming of powder, can greatly improve resistance to compression, the bending strength of sintered article, and can reduce sintering temperature, shorten sintering time,
The system that such as same component is constituted, hot pressed sintering temperature can decline 80～150 DEG C, not only the high temperature to diamond original performance
Damage and reduce, and power saving, saving graphite jig, production cost is reduced in the case of cutting performance identical.Even if relatively low
Temperature is sintered, and can also obtain the sintered body of uniform microstructure and complete densification, and low-melting-point metal therein also will not be compared with
It is early to be lost in, so that the wearability of sintered body and holding property are not fully exerted.
The preparation method of pre-alloyed powder mainly has atomization, chemical coprecipitation and mechanical alloying method, chemical coprecipitation
Shallow lake method is that, using the technique for being co-precipitated oxide reduction, the particle diameter of powder is little, loose than low, is conducive to the sintering of cutter head, but total oxygen
Content is higher, and technology controlling and process is more difficult, and price occupies height, and has pollution to environment；Mechanical alloying method is using high-energy ball milling
Technique, can realize the alloying of some special elementses, and the free energy of powder is higher, but efficiency is low, and follow-up Passivation Treatment is in technology
On have any problem；Atomization is that using melting atomization process, production capacity is big, low cost, and the alloying level height of powder, composition are uniform,
But Song Bigao, formability are poor.
It is in above-mentioned three kinds of preparation methoies, the most extensive in commercial Application with atomization, pre- conjunction prepared by water atomization
Combination property can be improved than congruent simple substance mixed-powder in bronze end, but as formability is poor, pre-alloyed powder accounting exceedes
When 50%, compacting percent defective substantially increases, and used in carcass, ratio is restricted.
The formability for how improving atomized powder becomes the striving direction of prealloy powder maker.Urgently develop without adding which
The full prealloy powder of his powder.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the invention is to provide a kind of full pre-alloying powder and preparation method thereof, improves complete pre-
The formability of alloying powder, sintered density and sintering strength, all using full pre-alloying powder in diamond tool bit
As bonding agent, low full pre-alloyed powder sintering temperature, processing range width, the advantage good to diamond hold is given full play to.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
Full pre-alloying powder, the constituent of the full pre-alloying powder and weight percentage be,
Fe 30～65%, Cu 15～45%, Sn 1～15%, Ni 0～15%, Co 1～30%, Qt 0～5%, its
One of which or several of the middle Qt selected from Mn, Cr, Ti, P, W, balance of inevitable impurity.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement is that：The constituent of the full pre-alloying powder and weight percent
Content is,
Fe 35～62%, Cu 15～40%, Sn 3～12%, Ni 0～12%, Co 3～30%, Qt 0～2%, its
One of which or several of the middle Qt selected from Mn, Cr, Ti, P, W, balance of inevitable impurity.
Technical scheme also includes：
The preparation method of full pre-alloying powder, the preparation method comprise the following steps that,
A, the raw material of full pre-alloying powder is separated a part of Cu as clad raw material, remainder is parent core
Raw material；
B, the parent core raw material in step A is made into parent core powder using hydraulic atomized milling method；
C, by the clad raw material in step A in the form of the cupric oxide powder with the parent core powder for preparing in step B
It is placed in mixing apparatus and mixes to color even, obtains mixed-powder；
D, the mixed-powder in step C is placed in reduction furnace carries out vat blue RS, obtain caking material；
E, the caking material in step D is carried out crushing, sieves prepared full pre-alloying powder.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement is that：In step A, the Cu as clad raw material for separating is accounted for
The weight percentage of full pre-alloying powder is 10～25%.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement is that：The technique bar of the step B mesohigh water atomization pulverization method
Part is that the degree of superheat is 100～150 DEG C, a diameter of 4～6mm of leakage eye, and high water pressure is 50～70MPa, and vacuum drying temperature is 90
～110 DEG C, the granularity of parent core powder is less than 270 mesh, and oxygen content is less than 0.6%.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement is that：In step C, the granularity of cupric oxide powder is less than 325 mesh,
Mixing apparatus are ball mill, and the charge of ball mill is the 1/2～2/3 of volume, and sphere diameter is 6～10mm, ratio of grinding media to material 2：1～5：1,
It is dry-mixed, 1～2h of incorporation time.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement is that：In step D, the protection of vat blue RS is carried out in reduction furnace
Atmosphere is liquefied ammonia hydrogen manufacturing decomposition gas or hydrogen.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement is that：In step D, the temperature of vat blue RS is carried out in reduction furnace
For 600～750 DEG C, the time of vat blue RS is 2～6h, and after vat blue RS, material is cooled to less than 50 DEG C in protective atmosphere
Come out of the stove.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement is that：In step E, the granularity of full pre-alloying powder is less than
200 mesh, oxygen content are less than 0.4%.
Technical solution of the present invention further improvement is that：The full pre-alloying powder that the preparation method is prepared it is cold
Molded pressure is 350～450MPa, and green strength is 15.0～25.0MPa, and 830～900 DEG C of pressureless sintering temperature, sintering are caused
Density reaches more than 98%.
As a result of above-mentioned technical proposal, the technological progress that the present invention is obtained is：
The full pre-alloying powder that the present invention is prepared is used as the bonding agent of diamond tool, with excellent wear-resisting
Property, the holding higher to diamond particles, good low-temperature sintering, good formability and excellent weldability.
In the preparation method of the full pre-alloying powder of the present invention, using easy reproducibility and the good modeling of copper of copper oxide
Property, the alloy of powder is divided into into two steps, parent core composition is made parent by hydraulic atomized milling method by the first step
Core powder, used as the core of second step diffusion-alloying；Second step is by small part copper with copper oxide form and core in ball milling
Mix homogeneously in machine, then moving to reduction furnace carries out vat blue RS, the copper after reduction is diffused on core, using the good of copper
Plasticity improves formability, so as to full pre-alloying powder is obtained.
The preparation method of the present invention, during the vat blue RS in reduction furnace, the oxide on parent core surface and mixed
The copper oxide for entering is seized the oxygen in oxide by hydrogen reducing, and the surface of parent core particle and copper granule after reduction is pure
Net, activity is high, simultaneously because being accompanied by the generation of vapor in reduction process, promotes the moistening of copper so as to uniform shakedown
Exhibition is on parent core surface, then through High temperature diffusion, copper forms certain metallurgical binding with parent core.
The preparation method of the present invention, accounts for the percentage by weight of full pre-alloying powder and should be 10 as the copper of clad raw material
～25%, when less than 10%, the copper film on surface is too thin, does not have the cementation to parent core in compacting；When exceeding
When 25%, copper can it is fully wrapped around live parent core, in addition to the diffusion bond of parent core, the copper of enrichment can reduce powder compacting
Density, and the hold of powder and diamond particles can be reduced in sintering.
Pre-alloying powder of the invention complete has the advantages that composition is uniform, formability is good, and full pre-alloyed powder is in bonding agent
In accounting can reach more than 80%, directly can add diamond make diamond tool, suppress it is good with sintering process, and
And the present invention is relatively low to the purity requirement for preparing environment and raw material, environmentally safe, it is adaptable to industrialized production.
Specific embodiment
The invention discloses full pre-alloying powder, the constituent of full pre-alloying powder and weight percentage are,
Fe 30～65%, Cu 15～45%, Sn 1～15%, Ni 0～15%, Co 1～30%, Qt 0～5%, its
One of which or several of the middle Qt selected from Mn, Cr, Ti, P, W, balance of inevitable impurity.
Preferably, the constituent of full pre-alloying powder and weight percentage are,
Fe 35～62%, Cu 15～40%, Sn3～12%, Ni 0～12%, Co 3～30%, Qt 0～2%, its
One of which or several of the middle Qt selected from Mn, Cr, Ti, P, W, balance of inevitable impurity.
It is highly preferred that the constituent of full pre-alloying powder and weight percentage are,
Fe 40～60%, Cu 20～35%, Sn3～10%, Ni 3～10%, Co 8～20%, Qt 0～2%, its
One of which or several of the middle Qt selected from Mn, Cr, Ti, P, W, balance of inevitable impurity.
The invention also discloses the preparation method of full pre-alloying powder, comprises the following steps that,
A, the raw material of full pre-alloying powder is separated a part of Cu as clad raw material, remainder is parent core
Raw material.
Specifically, the Cu as clad raw material for separating account for full pre-alloying powder weight percentage be 10～
25%, fed in the form of copper oxide as the Cu of clad raw material.
B, the parent core raw material in step A is made into parent core powder using hydraulic atomized milling method.
Specifically, the detailed process and process conditions of hydraulic atomized milling method is：According to each in parent core raw material
The weight percentage of component carries out dispensing, preferably block, rod dress or flaky raw material；The melting raw material in the mid-frequency melting furnace,
On the basis of melting down temperature, continue heat up 100～150 DEG C, i.e. 100～150 DEG C of the degree of superheat, leakage eye diameter is preferably 4～6mm,
High water pressure is preferably 50～70MPa；Nitrogen protection is passed through in atomization process in atomizing cup；Pigment mixture Jing after atomization
Filter-press dehydration, after 90～110 DEG C of vacuum drying, screens out coarse granule of the particle diameter more than 270 mesh, obtains granularity and contain less than 270 mesh, oxygen
Amount is less than 0.6% parent core powder.
C, by the clad raw material in step A in the form of the cupric oxide powder with the parent core powder for preparing in step B
It is placed in mixing apparatus and mixes to color even, obtains mixed-powder.
Specifically, the granularity of cupric oxide powder is less than 325 mesh, and mixing apparatus are ball mill, and the charge of ball mill is appearance
Long-pending 1/2～2/3, sphere diameter be 6～10mm, ratio of grinding media to material 2：1～5：1, dry-mixed, 1～2h of incorporation time, mix to color even one
Cause.
D, the mixed-powder in step C is placed in reduction furnace carries out vat blue RS, obtain caking material.
Specifically, the protective atmosphere for carrying out vat blue RS in reduction furnace is liquefied ammonia hydrogen manufacturing decomposition gas or hydrogen, liquefied ammonia hydrogen manufacturing
The composition of decomposition gas is the nitrogen of the hydrogen of 3/4 volume fraction and 1/4 volume fraction.The temperature of vat blue RS is carried out in reduction furnace
For 600～750 DEG C, the time of vat blue RS is 2～6h, and after vat blue RS, material is cooled to less than 50 DEG C in protective atmosphere
Come out of the stove.
E, the caking material in step D is carried out crushing, sieves prepared full pre-alloying powder.
Specifically, the granularity of full pre-alloying powder is less than 200 mesh, and oxygen content is less than 0.4%.
The cold moudling pressure of full pre-alloying powder prepared by the inventive method is 350～450MPa, and green strength is
15.0～25.0MPa, pressureless sintering temperature are 830～900 DEG C, and sintered density reaches more than 98%.
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, the embodiment
It is only used for explaining the present invention, does not constitute the restriction to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The composition and weight percentage of full pre-alloying powder manufactured in the present embodiment is predefined for：Fe62%, Cu20%,
Sn4%, Ni8%, Co6%.I.e. the present embodiment prepares the full pre-alloying powders of 100kg, and Fe accounts for 62kg, and Cu accounts for 20kg, and Sn is accounted for
4kg, Ni account for 8kg, and Co accounts for 6kg.
The preparation method of the full pre-alloying powder of the present embodiment comprises the following steps that,
A, the raw material of full pre-alloying powder is separated a part of Cu as clad raw material, remainder is parent core
Raw material.
The Cu as clad raw material separated in the present embodiment accounts for the weight percentage of full pre-alloying powder
15%.I.e. in the present embodiment, clad raw material contains the Cu of 15kg, Fe of the parent core raw material by 62kg, the Cu of 5kg, 4kg's
The Co compositions of the Ni of Sn, 8kg, 6kg.
B, the parent core raw material in step A is made into parent core powder using hydraulic atomized milling method.High pressure
The detailed process and process conditions of water atomization pulverization method be：Entered according to the weight percentage of each component in parent core raw material
Row dispensing, selects cathode plate, pure iron rod, tin slab, sheet nickel, electrolytic cobalt piece；The melting above-mentioned raw materials in the mid-frequency melting furnace,
Melting down temperature is 1480 DEG C, and smelting temperature is 1590 DEG C, a diameter of 5.5mm of leakage eye, and high water pressure is 65MPa；In atomization process
Nitrogen protection is passed through in middle atomizing cup；Pigment mixture Jing filter-press dehydrations after atomization, after 90～110 DEG C of vacuum drying, screen out
Coarse granule of the particle diameter more than 270 mesh, obtains parent core powder of the granularity less than 270 mesh, oxygen content less than 0.6%.
C, the clad raw material in step A is added in the form of cupric oxide powder, the matter of the cupric oxide powder after converting into
Measure as 18.75kg, be placed in mixing apparatus with the parent core powder prepared in step B and mix to color even, mixed
Powder.The granularity of cupric oxide powder is less than 325 mesh, and mixing apparatus are ball mill, and the charge of ball mill is the 1/2 of volume, ball
Footpath is 6mm, ratio of grinding media to material 2：1, dry-mixed, incorporation time 2h mixes consistent to color even.
D, the mixed-powder in step C is placed in reduction furnace carries out vat blue RS, obtain caking material.Carry out in reduction furnace
The protective atmosphere of vat blue RS is hydrogen.The temperature for carrying out vat blue RS in reduction furnace is 700 ± 10 DEG C, the time of vat blue RS
For 2h, after vat blue RS, material is cooled to less than 50 DEG C in protective atmosphere and comes out of the stove.
E, the caking material in step D is carried out crushing, sieves prepared full pre-alloying powder.
The granularity of the full pre-alloying powder of the present embodiment is less than 200 mesh, and oxygen content is less than 0.4%.To the powder after screening
End carries out closing criticizes, checks, measuring and packaging and storage.
Comparative example 1
The composition and weight percentage of pre-alloying powder prepared by this comparative example is predefined for：Fe62%, Cu20%,
Sn4%, Ni8%, Co6%.It is that this comparative example prepares 100kg pre-alloying powders, Fe accounts for 62kg, and Cu accounts for 20kg, and Sn accounts for 4kg,
Ni accounts for 8kg, and Co accounts for 6kg.
The preparation method of the present embodiment pre-alloying powder is full atomization, is comprised the following steps that,
1) dispensing is carried out according to the weight percentage of each component in prealloyed powders powder stock.
2) the melting above-mentioned raw materials in the mid-frequency melting furnace, melting down temperature are 1470 DEG C, and smelting temperature is 1580 DEG C.
3) in the leakage a diameter of 5.5mm of eye, high water pressure is to be atomized under conditions of 65MPa；It is atomized in atomization process
Nitrogen protection is passed through in cylinder.
4) the pigment mixture Jing filter-press dehydrations after being atomized, after 90～110 DEG C of vacuum drying, screen out particle diameter more than 270 mesh
Coarse granule, obtain granularity less than 270 mesh, oxygen content less than 0.6% parent core powder.
The following is the performance test data of embodiment 1 and comparative example 1.
1) cold-press moulding
Note：The method of testing of green strength is according to GB/T 5160-2002《The measure rectangle pressure of metal dust green strength
Base transverse breakage method》.
2) pressureless sintering performance
The pressed compact obtained under 400MPa forming pressures (30mm × 12mm × 6mm) is placed in well formula sintering furnace, by setting
Temperature, time carry out pressureless sintering, then the density of sample, hardness and bending strength after test sintering.
Embodiment 2
The composition and weight percentage of full pre-alloying powder manufactured in the present embodiment is predefined for：Fe38%, Cu40%,
Sn10%, Ni8%, Co4%.I.e. the present embodiment prepares the full pre-alloying powders of 100kg, and Fe accounts for 38kg, and Cu accounts for 40kg, and Sn is accounted for
10kg, Ni account for 8kg, and Co accounts for 4kg.
The preparation method of the full pre-alloying powder of the present embodiment comprises the following steps that,
A, the raw material of full pre-alloying powder is separated a part of Cu as clad raw material, remainder is parent core
Raw material.
The Cu as clad raw material separated in the present embodiment accounts for the weight percentage of full pre-alloying powder
25%.I.e. in the present embodiment, clad raw material contains the Cu of 25kg, Fe of the parent core raw material by 38kg, the Cu of 15kg, 10kg
Sn, the Ni of 8kg, 4kg Co composition.
B, the parent core raw material in step A is made into parent core powder using hydraulic atomized milling method.High pressure
The detailed process and process conditions of water atomization pulverization method be：Entered according to the weight percentage of each component in parent core raw material
Row dispensing, selects cathode plate, pure iron rod, tin slab, sheet nickel, electrolytic cobalt piece；The melting above-mentioned raw materials in the mid-frequency melting furnace,
Melting down temperature is 1460 DEG C, 1580 DEG C of smelting temperature, a diameter of 4.5mm of leakage eye, and high water pressure is 60MPa；In atomization process
Nitrogen protection is passed through in atomizing cup；Pigment mixture Jing filter-press dehydrations after atomization, after 90～110 DEG C of vacuum drying, screen out grain
Coarse granule of the footpath more than 270 mesh, obtains parent core powder of the granularity less than 270 mesh, oxygen content less than 0.5%.
C, the clad raw material in step A is added in the form of cupric oxide powder, the matter of the cupric oxide powder after converting into
Measure as 31.25kg, be placed in mixing apparatus with the parent core powder prepared in step B and mix to color even, mixed
Powder.The granularity of cupric oxide powder is less than 325 mesh, and mixing apparatus are ball mill, and the charge of ball mill is the 1/2 of volume, ball
Footpath is 8mm, ratio of grinding media to material 5：1, dry-mixed, incorporation time 1h mixes consistent to color even.
D, the mixed-powder in step C is placed in reduction furnace carries out vat blue RS, obtain caking material.Carry out in reduction furnace
The protective atmosphere of vat blue RS is hydrogen.The temperature for carrying out vat blue RS in reduction furnace is 620 ± 10 DEG C, the time of vat blue RS
For 4h, after vat blue RS, material is cooled to less than 50 DEG C in protective atmosphere and comes out of the stove.
E, the caking material in step D is carried out crushing, sieves prepared full pre-alloying powder.
The granularity of the full pre-alloying powder of the present embodiment is less than 200 mesh, and oxygen content is less than 0.3%.To the powder after screening
End carries out closing criticizes, checks, measuring and packaging and storage.
Comparative example 2
The composition and weight percentage of pre-alloying powder prepared by this comparative example is predefined for：Fe38%, Cu40%,
Sn10%, Ni8%, Co4%.It is that this comparative example prepares 100kg pre-alloying powders, Fe accounts for 38kg, and Cu accounts for 40kg, and Sn is accounted for
10kg, Ni account for 8kg, and Co accounts for 4kg.
The preparation method of this comparative example pre-alloying powder is full atomization, and concrete technology step is identical with comparative example 1.
The following is the performance test data of embodiment 2 and comparative example 2.
1) cold-press moulding
Note：The method of testing of green strength is according to GB/T 5160-2002《The measure rectangle pressure of metal dust green strength
Base transverse breakage method》.
2) pressureless sintering performance
The pressed compact obtained under 400MPa forming pressures (30mm × 12mm × 6mm) is placed in well formula sintering furnace, by setting
Temperature, time carry out pressureless sintering, then the density of sample, hardness and bending strength after test sintering.
Embodiment 3
The composition and weight percentage of full pre-alloying powder manufactured in the present embodiment is predefined for：Fe45%, Cu30%,
Sn5%, Co20%.I.e. the present embodiment prepares the full pre-alloying powders of 100kg, and Fe accounts for 45kg, and Cu accounts for 30kg, and Sn accounts for 5kg, and Co is accounted for
20kg。
The preparation method of the full pre-alloying powder of the present embodiment comprises the following steps that,
A, the raw material of full pre-alloying powder is separated a part of Cu as clad raw material, remainder is parent core
Raw material.
The Cu as clad raw material separated in the present embodiment accounts for the weight percentage of full pre-alloying powder
20%.I.e. in the present embodiment, clad raw material contains the Cu of 20kg, Fe of the parent core raw material by 45kg, the Cu of 10kg, 5kg's
The Co compositions of Sn, 20kg.
B, the parent core raw material in step A is made into parent core powder using hydraulic atomized milling method.High pressure
The detailed process and process conditions of water atomization pulverization method be：Entered according to the weight percentage of each component in parent core raw material
Row dispensing, selects cathode plate, pure iron rod, tin slab, electrolytic cobalt piece；The melting above-mentioned raw materials in the mid-frequency melting furnace, melting down temperature
For 1490 DEG C, smelting temperature is 1620 DEG C, a diameter of 5.0mm of leakage eye, and high water pressure is 65MPa；The atomizing cup in atomization process
In be passed through nitrogen protection；Pigment mixture Jing filter-press dehydrations after atomization, after 90～110 DEG C of vacuum drying, screen out particle diameter and are more than
The coarse granule of 270 mesh, obtains parent core powder of the granularity less than 270 mesh, oxygen content less than 0.6%.
C, the clad raw material in step A is added in the form of cupric oxide powder, the matter of the cupric oxide powder after converting into
Measure as 25kg, be placed in mixing apparatus with the parent core powder prepared in step B and mix to color even, obtain mixed powder
End.The granularity of cupric oxide powder is less than 325 mesh, and mixing apparatus are ball mill, and the charge of ball mill is the 2/3 of volume, sphere diameter
For 6mm, ratio of grinding media to material 4：1, dry-mixed, incorporation time 1.5h mixes consistent to color even.
D, the mixed-powder in step C is placed in reduction furnace carries out vat blue RS, obtain caking material.Carry out in reduction furnace
The protective atmosphere of vat blue RS is liquefied ammonia hydrogen manufacturing decomposition gas, the composition of liquefied ammonia hydrogen manufacturing decomposition gas be the hydrogen of 3/4 volume fraction and
The nitrogen of 1/4 volume fraction.The temperature for carrying out vat blue RS in reduction furnace is 650 ± 10 DEG C, and the time of vat blue RS is 5h, also
After former diffusion, material is cooled to less than 50 DEG C in protective atmosphere and comes out of the stove.
E, the caking material in step D is carried out crushing, sieves prepared full pre-alloying powder.
The granularity of the full pre-alloying powder of the present embodiment is less than 200 mesh, and oxygen content is less than 0.3%.To the powder after screening
End carries out closing criticizes, checks, measuring and packaging and storage.
Comparative example 3
The composition and weight percentage of pre-alloying powder prepared by this comparative example is predefined for：Fe45%, Cu30%,
Sn5%, Co20%.I.e. the present embodiment prepares 100kg pre-alloying powders, and Fe accounts for 45kg, and Cu accounts for 30kg, and Sn accounts for 5kg, and Co is accounted for
20kg。
The preparation method of this comparative example pre-alloying powder is full atomization, and concrete technology step is identical with comparative example 1.
The following is the performance test data of embodiment 3 and comparative example 3.
1) cold-press moulding
Note：The method of testing of green strength is according to GB/T 5160-2002《The measure rectangle pressure of metal dust green strength
Base transverse breakage method》.
2) pressureless sintering performance
The pressed compact obtained under 400MPa forming pressures (30mm × 12mm × 6mm) is placed in well formula sintering furnace, by setting
Temperature, time carry out pressureless sintering, then the density of sample, hardness and bending strength after test sintering.
Embodiment 4
The composition and weight percentage of full pre-alloying powder manufactured in the present embodiment is predefined for：Fe60%, Cu18%,
Sn3%, Ni15%, Co3%, Mn0.5%, Cr0.5%.I.e. the present embodiment prepares the full pre-alloying powders of 100kg, and Fe is accounted for
60kg, Cu account for 18kg, and Sn accounts for 3kg, and Ni accounts for 15kg, and Co accounts for 3kg, and Mn accounts for 0.5kg, and Cr accounts for 0.5kg.
The preparation method of the full pre-alloying powder of the present embodiment comprises the following steps that,
A, the raw material of full pre-alloying powder is separated a part of Cu as clad raw material, remainder is parent core
Raw material.
The Cu as clad raw material separated in the present embodiment accounts for the weight percentage of full pre-alloying powder
15%.I.e. in the present embodiment, clad raw material contains the Cu of 15kg, Fe of the parent core raw material by 60kg, the Cu of 3kg, 3kg's
The Cr compositions of the Mn of the Co of the Ni of Sn, 15kg, 3kg, 0.5kg, 0.5kg.
B, the parent core raw material in step A is made into parent core powder using hydraulic atomized milling method.High pressure
The detailed process and process conditions of water atomization pulverization method be：Entered according to the weight percentage of each component in parent core raw material
Row dispensing, selects cathode plate, pure iron rod, tin slab, sheet nickel, electrolytic cobalt piece, low-carbon ferromanganese to be electrolysed chromium piece；It is molten in intermediate frequency
Melting above-mentioned raw materials in furnace, melting down temperature are 1520 DEG C, 1630 DEG C of smelting temperature, a diameter of 6.0mm of leakage eye, and high water pressure is
70MPa；Nitrogen protection is passed through in atomization process in atomizing cup；Pigment mixture Jing filter-press dehydrations after atomization, 90～110 DEG C
After vacuum drying, coarse granule of the particle diameter more than 270 mesh is screened out, obtain parent of the granularity less than 270 mesh, oxygen content less than 0.4%
Core powder.
C, the clad raw material in step A is added in the form of cupric oxide powder, the matter of the cupric oxide powder after converting into
Measure as 18.75kg, be placed in mixing apparatus with the parent core powder prepared in step B and mix to color even, mixed
Powder.The granularity of cupric oxide powder is that, less than 325 mesh, mixing apparatus are ball mill, and the charge of ball mill is the 1/2 of volume,
Sphere diameter is 10mm, ratio of grinding media to material 4：1, dry-mixed, incorporation time 2h mixes consistent to color even.
D, the mixed-powder in step C is placed in reduction furnace carries out vat blue RS, obtain caking material.Carry out in reduction furnace
The protective atmosphere of vat blue RS is hydrogen.The temperature for carrying out vat blue RS in reduction furnace is 750 ± 10 DEG C, the time of vat blue RS
For 6h, after vat blue RS, material is cooled to less than 50 DEG C in protective atmosphere and comes out of the stove.
E, the caking material in step D is carried out crushing, sieves prepared full pre-alloying powder.
The granularity of the full pre-alloying powder of the present embodiment is less than 200 mesh, and oxygen content is less than 0.4%.To the powder after screening
End carries out closing criticizes, checks, measuring and packaging and storage.
Comparative example 4
The composition and weight percentage of pre-alloying powder manufactured in the present embodiment is predefined for：Fe60%, Cu18%,
Sn3%, Ni15%, Co3%, Mn0.5%, Cr0.5%.I.e. the present embodiment prepares 100kg pre-alloying powders, and Fe accounts for 60kg,
Cu accounts for 18kg, and Sn accounts for 3kg, and Ni accounts for 15kg, and Co accounts for 3kg, and Mn accounts for 0.5kg, and Cr accounts for 0.5kg.
The preparation method of this comparative example pre-alloying powder is full atomization, and concrete technology step is identical with comparative example 1.
The following is the performance test data of embodiment 4 and comparative example 4.
1) cold-press moulding
Note：The method of testing of green strength is according to GB/T 5160-2002《The measure rectangle pressure of metal dust green strength
Base transverse breakage method》.
2) pressureless sintering performance
The pressed compact obtained under 400MPa forming pressures (30mm × 12mm × 6mm) is placed in well formula sintering furnace, by setting
Temperature, time carry out pressureless sintering, then the density of sample, hardness and bending strength after test sintering.
Embodiment 5
The composition and weight percentage of full pre-alloying powder manufactured in the present embodiment is predefined for：Fe30%, Cu40%,
Sn10%, Ni10%, Co8%, W2%.I.e. the present embodiment prepares the full pre-alloying powders of 100kg, and Fe accounts for 30kg, and Cu accounts for 40kg,
Sn accounts for 10kg, and Ni accounts for 10kg, and Co accounts for 8kg, and W accounts for 2kg.
The preparation method of the full pre-alloying powder of the present embodiment comprises the following steps that,
A, the raw material of full pre-alloying powder is separated a part of Cu as clad raw material, remainder is parent core
Raw material.
The Cu as clad raw material separated in the present embodiment accounts for the weight percentage of full pre-alloying powder
25%.I.e. in the present embodiment, clad raw material contains the Cu of 25kg, Fe of the parent core raw material by 30kg, the Cu of 15kg, 10kg
Sn, the Ni of 10kg, the Co of 8kg, 2kg W composition.
B, the parent core raw material in step A is made into parent core powder using hydraulic atomized milling method.High pressure
The detailed process and process conditions of water atomization pulverization method be：Select cathode plate, pure iron rod, tin slab, sheet nickel, electrolytic cobalt
Piece, ferrotungsten；The melting above-mentioned raw materials in the mid-frequency melting furnace, melting down temperature are 1540 DEG C, and 1670 DEG C of smelting temperature, leakage eye are a diameter of
4.0mm, high water pressure are 55MPa；Nitrogen protection is passed through in atomization process in atomizing cup；Pigment mixture Jing pressures after atomization
Filter dehydration, after 90～110 DEG C of vacuum drying, screens out coarse granule of the particle diameter more than 270 mesh, obtains granularity less than 270 mesh, oxygen content
Parent core powder less than 0.5%.
C, the clad raw material in step A is added in the form of cupric oxide powder, the matter of the cupric oxide powder after converting into
Measure as 31.25kg, be placed in mixing apparatus with the parent core powder prepared in step B and mix to color even, mixed
Powder.The granularity of cupric oxide powder is less than 325 mesh, and mixing apparatus are ball mill, and the charge of ball mill is the 1/2 of volume, ball
Footpath is 6mm, ratio of grinding media to material 2：1, dry-mixed, incorporation time 2h mixes consistent to color even.
D, the mixed-powder in step C is placed in reduction furnace carries out vat blue RS, obtain caking material.Carry out in reduction furnace
The protective atmosphere of vat blue RS is liquefied ammonia hydrogen manufacturing decomposition gas, the composition of liquefied ammonia hydrogen manufacturing decomposition gas be the hydrogen of 3/4 volume fraction and
The nitrogen of 1/4 volume fraction.The temperature for carrying out vat blue RS in reduction furnace is 650 ± 10 DEG C, and the time of vat blue RS is 3h, also
After former diffusion, material is cooled to less than 50 DEG C in protective atmosphere and comes out of the stove.
E, the caking material in step D is carried out crushing, sieves prepared full pre-alloying powder.
The granularity of the full pre-alloying powder of the present embodiment is less than 200 mesh, and oxygen content is less than 0.4%.To the powder after screening
End carries out closing criticizes, checks, measuring and packaging and storage.
Comparative example 5
The composition and weight percentage of pre-alloying powder prepared by this comparative example is predefined for：Fe30%, Cu40%,
Sn10%, Ni10%, Co8%, W2%.It is that this comparative example prepares 100kg pre-alloying powders, Fe accounts for 30kg, and Cu accounts for 40kg, Sn
10kg is accounted for, Ni accounts for 10kg, and Co accounts for 8kg, and W accounts for 2kg.
The preparation method of this comparative example pre-alloying powder is full atomization, and concrete technology step is identical with comparative example 1.
The following is the performance test data of embodiment 5 and comparative example 5.
1) cold-press moulding
Note：The method of testing of green strength is according to GB/T 5160-2002《The measure rectangle pressure of metal dust green strength
Base transverse breakage method》.
2) pressureless sintering performance
The pressed compact obtained under 400MPa forming pressures (30mm × 12mm × 6mm) is placed in well formula sintering furnace, by setting
Temperature, time carry out pressureless sintering, then the density of sample, hardness and bending strength after test sintering.
Embodiment 6
The composition and weight percentage of full pre-alloying powder manufactured in the present embodiment is predefined for：Fe35%, Cu15%,
Sn12%, Ni6%, Co30%, P1%, Ti1%.I.e. the present embodiment prepares the full pre-alloying powders of 100kg, and Fe accounts for 35kg, Cu
15kg is accounted for, Sn accounts for 12kg, and Ni accounts for 6kg, and Co accounts for 30kg, and P accounts for 1kg, and Ti accounts for 1kg.
The preparation method of the full pre-alloying powder of the present embodiment comprises the following steps that,
A, the raw material of full pre-alloying powder is separated a part of Cu as clad raw material, remainder is parent core
Raw material.
The Cu as clad raw material separated in the present embodiment accounts for the weight percentage of full pre-alloying powder
10%.I.e. in the present embodiment, clad raw material contains the Cu of 10kg, Fe of the parent core raw material by 35kg, the Cu of 5kg, 12kg's
The Ti compositions of the P of the Co of the Ni of Sn, 6Kg, 30kg, 1kg, 1kg.
B, the parent core raw material in step A is made into parent core powder using hydraulic atomized milling method.High pressure
The detailed process and process conditions of water atomization pulverization method be：Entered according to the weight percentage of each component in parent core raw material
Row dispensing, selects cathode plate, pure iron rod, tin slab, sheet nickel, electrolytic cobalt piece, ferrophosphorus, ferrotianium；Melt in mid-frequency melting furnace
Refining above-mentioned raw materials, melting down temperature are 1480 DEG C, and smelting temperature is 1610 DEG C, a diameter of 6.0mm of leakage eye, and high water pressure is 50MPa；
Nitrogen protection is passed through in atomization process in atomizing cup；Pigment mixture Jing filter-press dehydrations after atomization, 90～110 DEG C of vacuum are done
After dry, coarse granule of the particle diameter more than 270 mesh is screened out, obtain parent core powder of the granularity less than 270 mesh, oxygen content less than 0.5%
End.
C, the clad raw material in step A is added in the form of cupric oxide powder, the matter of the cupric oxide powder after converting into
Measure as 12.5kg, be placed in mixing apparatus with the parent core powder prepared in step B and mix to color even, obtain mixed powder
End.The granularity of cupric oxide powder is less than 325 mesh, and mixing apparatus are ball mill, and the charge of ball mill is the 2/3 of volume, sphere diameter
For 6mm, ratio of grinding media to material 4：1, dry-mixed, incorporation time 1.5h mixes consistent to color even.
D, the mixed-powder in step C is placed in reduction furnace carries out vat blue RS, obtain caking material.Carry out in reduction furnace
The protective atmosphere of vat blue RS is hydrogen.The temperature for carrying out vat blue RS in reduction furnace is 600 ± 10 DEG C, the time of vat blue RS
For 5h, after vat blue RS, material is cooled to less than 50 DEG C in protective atmosphere and comes out of the stove.
E, the caking material in step D is carried out crushing, sieves prepared full pre-alloying powder.
The granularity of the full pre-alloying powder of the present embodiment is less than 200 mesh, and oxygen content is less than 0.4%.To the powder after screening
End carries out closing criticizes, checks, measuring and packaging and storage.
Comparative example 6
The composition and weight percentage of pre-alloying powder prepared by this comparative example is predefined for：Fe35%, Cu15%,
Sn12%, Ni6%, Co30%, P1%, Ti1%.It is that this comparative example prepares 100kg pre-alloying powders, Fe accounts for 35kg, and Cu is accounted for
15kg, Sn account for 12kg, and Ni accounts for 6kg, and Co accounts for 30kg, and P accounts for 1kg, and Ti accounts for 1kg.
The preparation method of this comparative example pre-alloying powder is full atomization, and concrete technology step is identical with comparative example 1.
The following is the performance test data of embodiment 6 and comparative example 6.
1) cold-press moulding
Note：The method of testing of green strength is according to GB/T 5160-2002《The measure rectangle pressure of metal dust green strength
Base transverse breakage method》.
2) pressureless sintering performance
The pressed compact obtained under 400MPa forming pressures (30mm × 12mm × 6mm) is placed in well formula sintering furnace, by setting
Temperature, time carry out pressureless sintering, then the density of sample, hardness and bending strength after test sintering.
Find out that from embodiment full pre-alloying powder prepared by the inventive method, due to the effect of surface copper, is being equivalent to
Under shape pressure, increase than full atomized powder green density, compact strength is significantly improved.In pressureless sintering performance, surface is micro
The presence of copper has no effect on sintering character, and under equal sintering temperature, cutter head density, hardness and intensity are basic with full atomized powder
Unanimously.
The beneficial effect of the inventive method is：Improve the formability of the prealloy powder of water atomization preparation so that Buddha's warrior attendant
Stone tool tyre case is entirely pre-alloyed to be possibly realized, and the present invention is complete, and use ratio of the pre-alloying powder in cutter head carcass reaches 80
～100%, low full pre-alloying powder sintering temperature, processing range width, good to diamond hold excellent can be given full play to
Point.
The inventive method processing technology is simple, and environmentally safe is suitable to industrialized production.
Claims (8)
1. full pre-alloying powder, it is characterised in that：The constituent of the full pre-alloying powder and weight percentage be,
Fe 30 ~ 65%, Cu 15 ~ 45%, Sn1 ~ 15%, Ni 0 ~ 15%, Co 1 ~ 30%, Qt 0 ~ 5%, wherein Qt selected from Mn, Cr, Ti,
The one of which of P, W is several, balance of inevitable impurity；
The preparation method of the full pre-alloying powder is as follows：
A, the raw material of full pre-alloying powder is separated account for the weight percentage of full pre-alloying powder and make for 10 ~ 25% Cu
For clad raw material, remainder is parent core raw material；
B, the parent core raw material in step A is made into parent core powder using hydraulic atomized milling method；
C, the clad raw material in step A is placed in the parent core powder for preparing in step B in the form of the cupric oxide powder
Mix in mixing apparatus to color even, obtain mixed-powder；
D, the mixed-powder in step C is placed in reduction furnace carries out vat blue RS, obtain caking material；
E, the caking material in step D is carried out crushing, sieves prepared full pre-alloying powder.
2. full pre-alloying powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The composition of the full pre-alloying powder into
Divide and weight percentage is, Fe 35 ~ 62%, Cu 15 ~ 40%, Sn3 ~ 12%, Ni 0 ~ 12%, Co 3 ~ 30%, Qt 0 ~ 2%, wherein
One of which or several of the Qt selected from Mn, Cr, Ti, P, W, balance of inevitable impurity.
3. full pre-alloying powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step B mesohigh water atomization pulverization
The process conditions of method are, the degree of superheat is 100 ~ 150 DEG C, a diameter of 4 ~ 6mm of leakage eye, and high water pressure is 50 ~ 70MPa, and vacuum is done
Dry temperature is 90 ~ 110 DEG C, and the granularity of parent core powder is less than 270 mesh, and oxygen content is less than 0.6%.
4. full pre-alloying powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step C, the grain of cupric oxide powder
Less than 325 mesh, mixing apparatus are ball mill to degree, and the charge of ball mill is the 1/2 ~ 2/3 of volume, and sphere diameter is 6 ~ 10mm, ball material
Than 2：1~5：1, dry-mixed, 1 ~ 2h of incorporation time.
5. full pre-alloying powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step D, carry out in reduction furnace also
The protective atmosphere of former diffusion is liquefied ammonia hydrogen manufacturing decomposition gas or hydrogen.
6. full pre-alloying powder according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In step D, carry out in reduction furnace also
The temperature of former diffusion is 600 ~ 750 DEG C, and the time of vat blue RS is 2 ~ 6h, and after vat blue RS, material is cooled down in protective atmosphere
Come out of the stove to less than 50 DEG C.
7. full pre-alloying powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step E, full pre-alloying powder
Granularity be less than 200 mesh, oxygen content be less than 0.4%.
8. full pre-alloying powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The complete pre- conjunction that the preparation method is prepared
The cold moudling pressure of aurification powder be 350 ~ 450MPa, green strength be 15.0 ~ 25.0MPa, pressureless sintering temperature 830 ~ 900
DEG C, sintered density reaches more than 98%.
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