CN110480022B - FeNiCuSn prealloying powder, preparation method and application - Google Patents
FeNiCuSn prealloying powder, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
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- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
Abstract
The invention discloses FeNiCuSn prealloying powder, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30.0-40.0% of Cu, 2.0-5.0% of Ni, 2.0-6.0% of Sn, 0.1-2.0% of Si, 0.5-3.0% of Ti, 0-2.0% of Cr, 0.5-1.5% of Mo and the balance of Fe; the powder components correspond to two precursors which meet the following conditions: a CuSn15 prealloyed powder precursor and a superfine FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder precursor; wherein, the CuSn15 prealloying powder precursor accounts for 2-10% of the total weight. The FeNiCuSn prealloying powder prepared by the invention has low oxygen content, good compression formability, high sintering activity and uniform and fine alloy components and tissue structure; the relative density, hardness, bending strength and other mechanical properties of the prepared diamond product matrix are greatly improved, the matrix has better mechanical embedding effect and metallurgical bonding force on diamond particles, and the prepared diamond tool has sharper cutting effect and longer service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of prealloyed powder, in particular to FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder, a preparation method and application.
Background
Since the 90 s of the 20 th century, pre-alloyed powders have found wide application in the diamond tool industry due to their specific properties. The pre-alloyed powder is used in a certain proportion in the manufacturing process of products such as diamond circular saw blades, grinding wheels, thin-wall drill bits and the like, and the application field of the pre-alloyed powder is continuously widened. In recent years, studies on Fe-based pre-alloyed powders have been widely conducted by scholars at home and abroad, and the main research directions on Fe-based pre-alloyed powders for diamond tools are mainly classified into the following two categories: firstly, optimizing and designing alloy components; secondly, ultra-fine diamond prealloyed powder is used.
The morphology, particle size and distribution of the prealloyed powder have a large impact on the pressing process. In general, the smaller the powder particle size, the more point contacts between particles increase the contact area, the more easily bridging occurs, resulting in poor flowability, and the more difficult it is to fill a cavity, the poor compaction properties. And because the loose packing density of the fine powder is low, the filling volume is large in the compression molding process, so that the movement distance of a punch and the internal friction force between the powder are simultaneously increased in the compression process, the pressure loss is increased, the density of a pressed compact is not uniformly distributed, and the mechanical property is obviously deteriorated.
Currently, the chemical method for preparing prealloyed powder for the ultra-fine diamond tool pollutes the environment, so the chemical method for producing metal powder is prohibited at home and abroad. And the two concepts of the superfine prealloy powder for the diamond tool and the component design are increasingly paid attention and paid attention to the research and development of the high-iron-based diamond tool matrix.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide FeNiCuSn prealloying powder, a preparation method and application, and solves the problems in the prior art in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the invention is:
a FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder comprises the following powder components in percentage by weight: 30.0-40.0% of Cu, 2.0-5.0% of Ni, 2.0-6.0% of Sn, 0.1-2.0% of Si, 0.5-3.0% of Ti, 0-2.0% of Cr, 0.5-1.5% of Mo and the balance of Fe; the powder components correspond to two precursors which meet the following conditions: a CuSn15 prealloyed powder precursor and a superfine FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder precursor; wherein, the CuSn15 prealloying powder precursor accounts for 2-10% of the total weight.
The FeNiCuSn prealloying powder comprises the following powder components in percentage by weight: 30.00% of Cu, 3.0% of Ni, 4.0% of Sn, 0.3% of Si, 1.0% of Ti, 0.5% of Cr, 0.8% of Mo and the balance of Fe; wherein the ratio of the CuSn15 pre-alloyed powder precursor to the superfine FeNiCuSn pre-alloyed powder precursor is 5: 95.
The FeNiCuSn prealloying powder comprises the following powder components in percentage by weight: 35.00% of Cu, 4.0% of Ni, 3.0% of Sn, 0.2% of Si, 1.0% of Ti, 0.5% of Cr, 1.2% of Mo and the balance of Fe; wherein the ratio of the CuSn15 pre-alloyed powder precursor to the superfine FeNiCuSn pre-alloyed powder precursor is 7: 93.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of FeNiCuSn prealloying powder, which adopts an ultrahigh pressure water-gas combined atomization powder preparation mode to prepare two precursors: a CuSn15 prealloyed powder precursor and a superfine FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder precursor; then, fully and uniformly mixing the two prepared precursors according to a certain proportion, wherein the weight percentages are as follows: 2-10% of a CuSn15 pre-alloyed powder precursor and 90-98% of a superfine FeNiCuSn pre-alloyed powder precursor; and then high-temperature reduction diffusion is carried out to finally prepare the FeNiCuSn prealloying powder.
A preparation method of FeNiCuSn prealloying powder comprises the following steps:
1) alloy smelting: the alloy is prepared from pure iron, pure nickel, ferrotitanium, ferromolybdenum, pure copper, pure tin, high-purity silicon and ferrochromium according to design components, and two precursors are respectively smelted in an intermediate frequency furnace: a CuSn15 prealloyed powder precursor and a superfine FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder precursor; the alloy comprises the following design components in percentage by weight: 30.0-40.0% of Cu, 2.0-5.0% of Ni, 2.0-6.0% of Sn, 0.1-2.0% of Si, 0.5-3.0% of Ti, 0-2.0% of Cr, 0.5-1.5% of Mo and the balance of Fe;
2) carrying out water-gas combined atomization, namely respectively carrying out water-gas combined atomization treatment on the two smelted precursors to respectively obtain two precursor alloy powders;
3) and (3) vacuum drying: respectively carrying out vacuum drying treatment on the two precursor alloy powders;
4) reduction and diffusion: fully and uniformly mixing the prepared two precursor alloy powders according to a certain proportion, and carrying out high-temperature reduction diffusion to prepare FeNiCuSn prealloying powder; the two precursor alloy powders are in a certain proportion and comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 2-10% of CuSn15 pre-alloyed powder precursor and 90-98% of superfine FeNiCuSn pre-alloyed powder precursor.
In the step 1), alloy smelting adopts medium-frequency induction smelting, smelting is carried out in a medium-frequency furnace, the smelting power is controlled to be 100-300KW, the smelting time is 40.0-70.0 minutes, the power is reduced to be 60-80KW when the temperature of the molten steel reaches or exceeds 1620 ℃, the time of the molten steel alloying process is 5.0-10.0 minutes, then slag is removed completely, and a pump is started to cast steel.
In the step 2), the tundish for the water-gas combined atomization adopts medium-frequency induction heating, so that the temperature of the molten steel is ensured to be consistent with that of the molten steel in the medium-frequency furnace.
In the step 2), nitrogen is used as the process protective atmosphere for atomization, the size of a leakage hole at the bottom of the tundish is 3.0-4.0mm, the atomization pressure is 110-140 MPa, and the atomization water flow is 100-140L/min.
In the step 3), the alloy powder is dried by a double-cone vacuum dryer in vacuum drying at the drying temperature of 130 ℃ and 170 ℃ and the vacuum degree of less than or equal to-0.09 MPa.
In the step 3), after vacuum drying, powder grading treatment is also carried out, the powder granularity and distribution are controlled by air flow grading, and the powder laser granularity D50 is controlled: 3-6 μm.
In the step 4), the reduction diffusion adopts a push boat type powder reduction furnace for high-temperature reduction diffusion, and the reduction diffusion process comprises the following steps: 400 ℃ and 700 ℃ for 1-3 hours, and 6-8 kg/boat load.
And after the step 4), carrying out crushing and vibration screening treatment.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a use of the FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder for diamond tools.
The diamond tool is a diamond circular saw blade, and the matrix material comprises the following components: 60-65% of the above FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder, 5-15%The pre-alloyed powder with low melting point is prepared,25-35% brittle prealloyed powder.
After the scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the FeNiCuSn prealloy powder, the preparation method and the application have the beneficial effects that: two pre-alloyed powder precursors of superfine diamond FeNiCuSn and CuSn15 are prepared by a water-gas combined atomization powder preparation method, and are fully and uniformly mixed according to a certain proportion and subjected to high-temperature reduction diffusion treatment. The scheme particularly designs CuSn15 superfine low-melting-point pre-alloyed powder as a diffusion medium, so that the diffusion effect is excellent; the proportion of the precursor is controlled to be between 2 and 10 percent, so that the mutual diffusion process among powder particles can be promoted, and the precursor of the superfine prealloyed powder is agglomerated to generate larger secondary particles, thereby solving the problems of poor cold pressing formability of the superfine powder, poor mechanical property caused by uneven density distribution of a pressed compact and the like; meanwhile, pre-sintering caused by serious powder agglomeration in the powder reduction diffusion process due to excessive addition of the low-melting-point pre-alloyed powder precursor is avoided.
The FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder of the present invention is particularly useful in diamond tools and provides direct theoretical guidance and practical basis for the development of high quality diamond tool articles of high sharpness, long service life and excellent cut edge quality.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The scheme relates to FeNiCuSn prealloying powder which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30.0-40.0% of Cu, 2.0-5.0% of Ni, 2.0-6.0% of Sn, 0.1-2.0% of Si, 0.5-3.0% of Ti, 0-2.0% of Cr, 0.5-1.5% of Mo and the balance of Fe; the powder components correspond to two precursors which meet the following conditions: a CuSn15 prealloyed powder precursor and a superfine FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder precursor; wherein, the CuSn15 prealloying powder precursor accounts for 2-10% of the total weight ratio, namely the weight percentages of the two precursors are as follows: 2-10% of CuSn15 pre-alloyed powder precursor and 90-98% of superfine FeNiCuSn pre-alloyed powder precursor. In other words, the certain weight percent of the ultra fine FeNiCuSn, CuSn15 two pre-alloyed powder precursors are blended into a FeNiCuSn pre-alloyed powder having the composition weight percent as described above.
The FeNiCuSn prealloying powder contains elements Fe, Ni, Cu, Sn and other trace metal and nonmetal elements. In order to improve the service performance of the alloy, after the contents of main elements of Ni, Cu and Sn are determined, a proper amount of modifying elements are required to be added for further improving the formula. The modifying element is especially strong carbide forming element capable of producing interface reaction with diamond to form metallurgical combination and strengthen the holding force of diamond. The invention particularly adds proper amounts of Ti, Cr and Mo elements, and mainly considers the synergistic effect of the Ti, Cr and Mo elements on the pre-alloy powder matrix microstructure and the elements thereof:
ti is used as a strong carbide forming element and has the characteristics of easy oxidation and difficult reduction, and a specific small amount of Ti is added into a diamond tool matrix, so that not only can grains be refined to ensure that the microstructure of the matrix is fine and uniform, but also other metal sulfides, oxides and the like can be reduced into metal, and the cleanness and the sintering property of the matrix are enhanced;
secondly, the special small amount of Cr can obviously improve the creep limit and the high-temperature endurance strength limit of the tire body, and has high-temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance.
The addition of Mo can refine the grain size of the tire body and improve the hardenability and the heat strength of the tire body, but carbide in the tire body is decomposed and separated out when the tire body only containing Mo is in a high-temperature state for a long time, so that the processing performance of the tire body is deteriorated. In order to eliminate the phenomenon, elements Ti and Cr are added into the matrix at the same time, and the Ti and Cr dissolved in cementite can prevent the decomposition of carbide, improve the stability of the carbide and strengthen the effect of dispersion strengthening of trace elements in the matrix.
Example one
The FeNiCuSn prealloying powder comprises the following powder components in percentage by weight: 30.00% of Cu, 3.0% of Ni, 4.0% of Sn, 0.3% of Si, 1.0% of Ti, 0.5% of Cr, 0.8% of Mo and the balance of Fe; wherein the ratio of the CuSn15 pre-alloyed powder precursor to the superfine FeNiCuSn pre-alloyed powder precursor is 5: 95. The corresponding superfine FeNiCuSn pre-alloy powder precursor comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
3.16 wt% Ni-27.1 wt% Cu-3.4 wt% Sn-0.31 wt% Si-1.05 wt% Ti-0.53 wt% Cr-0.84 wt% Mo, the balance being Fe.
Example two
The FeNiCuSn prealloying powder comprises the following powder components in percentage by weight: 35.00% of Cu, 4.0% of Ni, 3.0% of Sn, 0.2% of Si, 1.0% of Ti, 0.5% of Cr, 1.2% of Mo and the balance of Fe; wherein the ratio of the CuSn15 pre-alloyed powder precursor to the superfine FeNiCuSn pre-alloyed powder precursor is 7: 93. The corresponding superfine FeNiCuSn pre-alloy powder precursor comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
4.3 wt% Ni-31.24 wt% Cu-2.1 wt% Sn-0.22 wt% Si-1.07 wt% Ti-0.54 wt% Cr-1.3 wt% Mo, the balance being Fe.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the FeNiCuSn prealloying powder, which adopts an ultrahigh pressure water-gas combined atomization powder preparation mode to prepare two precursors: a CuSn15 prealloyed powder precursor and a superfine FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder precursor; then, fully and uniformly mixing the two prepared precursors according to a certain proportion, wherein the weight percentages are as follows: 2-10% of a CuSn15 pre-alloyed powder precursor and 90-98% of a superfine FeNiCuSn pre-alloyed powder precursor; and then high-temperature reduction diffusion is carried out to finally prepare the FeNiCuSn prealloying powder.
Further, a preparation method of FeNiCuSn prealloying powder comprises the following steps:
1) alloy smelting: the alloy is prepared from pure iron, pure nickel, ferrotitanium, ferromolybdenum, pure copper, pure tin, high-purity silicon and ferrochromium according to design components, and two precursors are respectively smelted in an intermediate frequency furnace: a CuSn15 prealloyed powder precursor and a superfine FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder precursor; the alloy comprises the following design components in percentage by weight: 30.0-40.0% of Cu, 2.0-5.0% of Ni, 2.0-6.0% of Sn, 0.1-2.0% of Si, 0.5-3.0% of Ti, 0-2.0% of Cr, 0.5-1.5% of Mo and the balance of Fe;
2) carrying out water-gas combined atomization, namely respectively carrying out water-gas combined atomization treatment on the two smelted precursors to respectively obtain two precursor alloy powders;
3) and (3) vacuum drying: respectively carrying out vacuum drying treatment on the two precursor alloy powders;
4) reduction and diffusion: fully and uniformly mixing the prepared two precursor alloy powders according to a certain proportion, and carrying out high-temperature reduction diffusion to prepare FeNiCuSn prealloying powder; the two precursor alloy powders are in a certain proportion and comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 2-10% of CuSn15 pre-alloyed powder precursor and 90-98% of superfine FeNiCuSn pre-alloyed powder precursor.
And 4) after the step 4), carrying out crushing and vibration screening treatment, and finally carrying out batch combination treatment.
The preparation method of the FeNiCuSn prealloying powder provided by the invention comprises the steps of preparing two prealloying powder precursors of superfine FeNiCuSn and CuSn through medium-frequency induction smelting and water-gas combined atomization, and then matching with the subsequent powder mixing, high-temperature reduction diffusion and other processes, so that the prepared prealloying powder is low in oxygen content, good in compression molding property, high in sintering activity, and uniform and fine in alloy components and organization structure. When the diamond tool is used for preparing the diamond tool, the mechanical properties such as relative density, hardness, bending strength and the like of the prepared diamond product matrix are greatly improved, the matrix has better mechanical embedding effect and metallurgical bonding force on diamond particles, and the prepared diamond tool has sharper cutting effect and longer service life.
The water-gas combined atomization method is used for preparing a superfine FeNiCuSn and CuSn15 pre-alloyed powder precursor, and the powder laser granularity is D50: 3-6 μm. The oxygen content of the superfine FeNiCuSn precursor is less than or equal to 3500ppm, and the oxygen content of the CuSn15 precursor is less than or equal to 2000 ppm. After high-temperature reduction diffusion, the particle size of FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder is D50: 15-20 μm, oxygen content less than or equal to 2500ppm, and apparent density of 2.0-2.5g/cm3。
Preferred embodiment 1
In the step 1) of the preparation method, the alloy is smelted by adopting medium-frequency induction smelting, smelting is carried out in a medium-frequency furnace, the smelting power is controlled to be 300KW, the smelting time is 40.0-70.0 minutes, the power is reduced to 60-80KW when the temperature of molten steel reaches or exceeds 1620 ℃, the time of the molten steel alloying process is 5.0-10.0 minutes, then slag is completely removed, and a pump is started to cast steel.
Preferred embodiment 2
In the step 2) of the preparation method, the tundish for water-gas combined atomization adopts medium-frequency induction heating to ensure that the temperature of the molten steel is consistent with that of the molten steel in the medium-frequency furnace. Preferably, the heating power is controlled to be 25-40 KW. This preferred scheme adopts the temperature drop of package molten steel in the middle of the mode compensation of intermediate frequency induction heating, has avoided the molten steel to pour into the process heat loss of middle package in the stove into from the stove, and the best superheat degree of accurate control molten steel ensures that the molten steel temperature is stable in the middle package, avoids leading to the molten steel viscosity to increase because of the temperature drop, and the molten steel is easy follow-up broken.
Preferred embodiment III
In the step 2) of the preparation method, the water-gas combined atomization refers to that under the protection of nitrogen, the alloy liquid flows into an atomization area through a leakage hole at the bottom of the tundish, the alloy liquid is powerfully crushed into a large number of fine metal molten drops through two atomization media of supersonic gas and ultrahigh pressure atomized water, and then the molten drops are cooled and solidified into alloy powder. The alloy powder prepared by the method has the advantages of superfine powder granularity, low oxygen content and the like.
Specifically, nitrogen is used as the process protective atmosphere for atomization, the size of a leak hole at the bottom of the tundish is 3.0-4.0mm, the atomization pressure is 110-120MPa, and the atomization water flow is 100-140L/min.
Preferred embodiment four
In the step 3), the alloy powder is dried by a double-cone vacuum dryer in vacuum drying at the drying temperature of 130 ℃ and 170 ℃ and the vacuum degree of less than or equal to-0.09 MPa.
Preferred embodiment five
In step 3) of the preparation method, after vacuum drying, powder classification treatment is further performed, and in a specific preferred embodiment, the particle size and distribution of the powder are controlled by air classification, and the laser particle size of the powder is controlled by D50: 3-6 μm.
Preferred embodiment six
In the step 4) of the preparation method, the reduction diffusion adopts a push boat type powder reduction furnace for high-temperature reduction diffusion, and the reduction diffusion process comprises the following steps: 400 ℃ and 700 ℃ for 1-3 hours, and 6-8 kg/boat load.
Example 1
A method of making a FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder suitable for use in diamond tools comprising:
1) intermediate frequency induction smelting: the alloy components of the FeNiCuSn prealloying powder are Fe-3.0 wt% Ni-30.0 wt% Cu-4.0 wt% Sn-0.3 wt% Si-1.0 wt% Ti-0.5 wt% Cr-0.8 wt% Mo. Wherein the prepared FeNiCuSn pre-alloy powder precursor comprises the following components in percentage by weight: fe-3.16 wt% Ni-27.1 wt% Cu-3.4 wt% Sn-0.31 wt% Si-1.05 wt% Ti-0.53 wt% Cr-0.84 wt% Mo, CuSn15 pre-alloyed powder precursor component is Cu-15 wt% Sn.
Selecting pure iron, pure nickel, ferrotitanium, ferromolybdenum, pure copper, pure tin, high-purity silicon and ferrochromium as raw materials according to two precursor alloy components, smelting the raw materials in an intermediate frequency furnace, controlling the smelting power to be 100 plus one charge of 300KW, the smelting time to be 40.0-70.0 minutes, when the temperature of molten steel reaches to be more than or equal to 1620 ℃, reducing the power to be 60-80KW, and the time in the molten steel alloying process to be 5.0-10.0 minutes, then, completely slagging off, and pumping to cast steel;
2) water-gas combined atomization: the tundish adopts medium-frequency induction heating, and the heating power is controlled to be 30 KW; the atomization adopts nitrogen as process protective atmosphere, the hole size of the bottom of the tundish is 4.0mm, the atomization pressure is 110MPa, and the atomization water flow is 120L/min;
3) and (3) vacuum drying: drying the alloy powder by a double-cone vacuum dryer at the drying temperature of 150 ℃ and the vacuum degree of less than or equal to-0.09 MPa;
4) powder grading: controlling the powder granularity and distribution by adopting air flow classification, and controlling the powder laser granularity D50: 3-6 μm;
5) reduction and diffusion: preparing a precursor of the superfine FeNiCuSn and CuSn15 pre-alloyed powder according to the proportion of 95: 5, fully and uniformly mixing in proportion, and reducing and diffusing the alloy powder at high temperature by using a push boat type powder reducing furnace, wherein the reducing and diffusing process comprises the following steps: the time is 2 hours at 500 ℃, and the load capacity of the boat is 7 kg;
6) crushing and vibrating screening;
7) and (5) carrying out batch combination treatment.
Example 2
The present embodiment 2 differs from embodiment 1 in that: in this example 2, the components of the FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder for diamond tools are adjusted, and the prepared alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Fe-4.0wt％Ni-35.0wt％Cu-3.0wt％Sn-0.2wt％Si-1.0wt％Ti-0.5wt％Cr-1.2wt％Mo。
wherein the prepared FeNiCuSn pre-alloy powder precursor comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Fe-4.3wt％Ni-31.24wt％Cu-2.1％Sn-0.22wt％Si-1.07wt％Ti-0.54wt％Cr-1.3wt％Mo；
the precursor component of the CuSn15 prealloying powder is Cu-15 wt% Sn.
Wherein the precursor of the superfine FeNiCuSn and CuSn15 pre-alloyed powder accounts for 93: 7.
example 3
The present embodiment 3 differs from embodiment 1 in that: in example 3, a high temperature reduction diffusion process for preparing a FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder suitable for use in diamond tools was adjusted. The specific reduction diffusion process comprises the following steps: a680 ℃ C.was used for 3 hours with a 6 kg/boat load.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that: in comparative example 1, metal powder was prepared by a conventional water atomization powder preparation process. Sequentially carrying out processes of medium-frequency induction smelting, conventional water atomization, vacuum drying, high-temperature reduction diffusion, crushing, powder grading and screening, batch processing and the like to prepare granular alloy powder. The influence of the preparation of the superfine pre-alloyed powder precursor by water-gas combined atomization in cooperation with subsequent reduction diffusion and conventional water atomization powder preparation on the performance of the diamond tool is compared.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that: in the comparative example 2, the components of the FeNiCuSn prealloying powder are adjusted, and the components of the alloy do not contain strong carbide forming elements such as Ti, Cr, Mo and the like; the alloy composition in this comparative example 1 was designed as: fe-3.0 wt% Ni-30.0 wt% Cu-4.0 wt% Sn-0.3 wt% Si.
The FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder prepared by the embodiments 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-2 of the invention and the performance characteristics of the diamond cutter prepared by the powder are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, examples 1-3 of the present invention each produced a FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder suitable for use in diamond tools. The comparative example 1 shows that the combination of the water and gas atomization and atomization for preparing the precursor of the superfine prealloyed powder and the subsequent high-temperature reduction and diffusion process better ensures that the prepared FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder has low oxygen content, good compression molding property and high powder sintering activity. The relative density, hardness, bending strength and other mechanical properties of the diamond product matrix are greatly improved.
According to the comparative example 2, the addition of a small amount of Ti, Cr and Mo trace strong carbide forming elements effectively improves the wettability of the binder in the matrix to diamond and the mechanical property of the microstructure of the matrix, and the matrix has better mechanical embedding effect and metallurgical bonding force to diamond particles.
The superfine diamond prealloying powder is used, and has the advantages of fine granularity, large specific surface energy, low sintering temperature, shortened densification and heat preservation time, greatly reduced power consumption and reduced graphite die loss; meanwhile, fine and uniform grains can be obtained more easily by fine powder sintering products, and the abrasive resistance of the matrix and the holding force to diamond are improved.
In conclusion, the diamond tool prepared by adopting the FeNiCuSn prealloying powder has sharper cutting effect and longer service life.
Based on the same invention idea, the invention also provides an application of the FeNiCuSn prealloying powder, and the FeNiCuSn prealloying powder is used in diamond tools. The diamond tool made of the matrix material has excellent comprehensive performance in the aspects of sharpness, wear resistance, bending strength, hardness and the like.
In the specific embodiment, the diamond tool is (D350) diamond circular saw blade, and the matrix material comprises the following components: 60-65% of the FeNiCuSn prealloying powder, 5-15% of the low-melting-point prealloying powder and 25-35% of the brittle prealloying powder. The preparation method comprises the steps of wetting and uniformly mixing the obtained matrix material with diamond particles and a trace amount of forming agent to obtain a mixture, carrying out cold press forming on the mixture, and carrying out hot press sintering in a graphite mold to obtain the diamond fan-shaped cutter head; and finally, welding the cutter head on a 65Mn steel substrate to obtain the D350 diamond circular saw blade. The saw blade is used for cutting Fujianningde peach blossom red G687 granite on an SQC-600-4D four-guide-post infrared bridge type stone cutting machine, the average service life of a cutter head is more than or equal to 15m2/mm, the noise is less than or equal to 90LPN/dB, the edge cutting quality is good, and edge breakage is avoided.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of FeNiCuSn prealloying powder is characterized in that two precursors are prepared by adopting an ultrahigh pressure water-gas combined atomization powder preparation mode: a CuSn15 prealloyed powder precursor and an ultra-fine FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder precursor, the powder laser particle size of the two precursors is D50: 3-6 μm; the oxygen content of the superfine FeNiCuSn precursor is less than or equal to 3500ppm, and the oxygen content of the CuSn15 precursor is less than or equal to 2000 ppm; then, fully and uniformly mixing the two prepared precursors according to a certain proportion, wherein the weight percentages are as follows: 2-10% of a CuSn15 pre-alloyed powder precursor and 90-98% of a superfine FeNiCuSn pre-alloyed powder precursor; then carrying out high-temperature reduction diffusion to finally prepare FeNiCuSn prealloying powder; the FeNiCuSn prealloying powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30.0-40.0% of Cu, 2.0-5.0% of Ni, 2.0-6.0% of Sn, 0.1-2.0% of Si, 0.5-3.0% of Ti, 0-2.0% of Cr, 0.5-1.5% of Mo and the balance of Fe; FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder particle size D50: 15-20 μm, oxygen content less than or equal to 2500ppm, and apparent density of 2.0-2.5g/cm3。
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder comprises, in weight percent: 30.00% of Cu, 3.0% of Ni, 4.0% of Sn, 0.3% of Si, 1.0% of Ti, 0.5% of Cr, 0.8% of Mo and the balance of Fe; wherein the ratio of the CuSn15 pre-alloyed powder precursor to the superfine FeNiCuSn pre-alloyed powder precursor is 5: 95.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the steps of preparing the FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder are as follows:
1) alloy smelting: the alloy is prepared from pure iron, pure nickel, ferrotitanium, ferromolybdenum, pure copper, pure tin, high-purity silicon and ferrochrome according to design components, and two precursors are respectively smelted in an intermediate frequency furnace: a CuSn15 prealloyed powder precursor and a superfine FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder precursor; the alloy comprises the following design components in percentage by weight: 30.0-40.0% of Cu, 2.0-5.0% of Ni, 2.0-6.0% of Sn, 0.1-2.0% of Si, 0.5-3.0% of Ti, 0-2.0% of Cr, 0.5-1.5% of Mo and the balance of Fe;
2) carrying out water-gas combined atomization, namely respectively carrying out water-gas combined atomization treatment on the two smelted precursors to respectively obtain two precursor alloy powders;
3) and (3) vacuum drying: respectively carrying out vacuum drying treatment on the two precursor alloy powders;
4) reduction and diffusion: fully and uniformly mixing the prepared two precursor alloy powders according to a certain proportion, and carrying out high-temperature reduction diffusion to prepare FeNiCuSn prealloying powder; the two precursor alloy powders are in a certain proportion, and the weight percentage is as follows: 2-10% of CuSn15 pre-alloyed powder precursor and 90-98% of superfine FeNiCuSn pre-alloyed powder precursor.
4. The method for preparing FeNiCuSn prealloying powder of claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the alloy is smelted by medium frequency induction smelting in a medium frequency furnace, the smelting power is controlled to be 100 and 300KW, the smelting time is 40.0-70.0 minutes, when the temperature of the molten steel reaches to or more than 1620 ℃, the power is reduced to be 60-80KW, the time of the molten steel alloying process is 5.0-10.0 minutes, then the slag is completely removed, and the pump is started to cast steel.
5. The method for preparing FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder of claim 1, wherein in step 2), the tundish for the combined atomization of water and gas is heated by medium frequency induction to ensure that the temperature of the molten steel is consistent with that of the molten steel in the medium frequency furnace.
6. The method for preparing FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder of claim 1, wherein in the step 2), nitrogen is used for atomization as a process protective atmosphere, the bottom hole size of the tundish is 3.0-4.0mm, the atomization pressure is 110-120MPa, and the atomization water flow is 100-140L/min.
7. The method for preparing FeNiCuSn prealloying powder of claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the reduction diffusion adopts a push boat type powder reducing furnace for high temperature reduction diffusion, and the reduction diffusion process is as follows: 400-700 ℃ for 1-3 hours, and 6-8 kg/boat load.
8. Use of a FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder obtained by the method of making a FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder of any of claims 1-7 in a diamond tool.
9. The use of a FeNiCuSn prealloyed powder according to claim 8 wherein the diamond tool is a diamond circular saw blade and the matrix material comprises: 60-65% of the FeNiCuSn prealloying powder, 5-15% of the low-melting-point prealloying powder and 25-35% of the brittle prealloying powder.
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| CN111014657B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-08-27 | 吉林大学 | FeCuNiSn alloy powder for diamond product and preparation method thereof |
| CN111558720B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2022-05-13 | 郑州机械研究所有限公司 | Metal powder material, bronze-based diamond grinding wheel and preparation method thereof |
| CN112725674A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-04-30 | 中南大学 | Diamond composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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