CN103658668A - Method for preparing iron-based prealloy powder - Google Patents

Method for preparing iron-based prealloy powder Download PDF

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CN103658668A
CN103658668A CN201310655469.4A CN201310655469A CN103658668A CN 103658668 A CN103658668 A CN 103658668A CN 201310655469 A CN201310655469 A CN 201310655469A CN 103658668 A CN103658668 A CN 103658668A
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CN103658668B (en
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郭殿月
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Believe Diamond New Material In Hubei Province LLC
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Hubei E-Xin Diamond Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing iron-based prealloy powder. The method includes the steps that (1) iron-based bulk metal is prepared, the content of Fe is 30wt%-90wt%, the content of Cu is 10wt%-70wt%, and the melting point is no more than 1,800 DEG C; (2) smelting water atomization powder process treatment is conducted on the metal, so that the iron-based prealloy powder is obtained; (3) the treated powder is dried; (4) after drying of the atomization powder is completed, low-melting metal simple substance powder is added, the melting point is no more than 500 DEG C, and the content is no more than 15wt%; (5) the low-melting metal powder and the dried powder are evenly mixed; (6) reduction treatment is carried out on the mixed powder through a reduction furnace, hydrogen flow is controlled to be 20m<3>/h-30m<3>/h, and reduction time is no less than 2h; (7) large particles are sieved and removed to obtain the iron-based prealloy powder. The method is easy to implement and simple and convenient to operate, by the aid of a high-temperature diffusion and evaporation cohesion principle in the reduction process, the content of produced Zn is 2-15% that of the iron-based prealloy powder, and the iron-based prealloy powder has the advantages of being low in oxygen content, simple in preparation mode and good in cold pressing formability.

Description

A kind of preparation method of iron-based prealloy powder
Technical field
The present invention relates to diamond carcass material field, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of iron-based prealloy powder, be applicable in Diamond Tools Industry, diamond adds with low melting point element in iron-based prealloy powder.
Technical background
Prealloy powder is defined as: a kind of metal powder is comprised of two kinds or more element, and these elements are by mechanical means or the fusion completely of other means.In iron-based prealloy powder preparation process, the plumbous grade in the preparation of low-melting-point metal wet method of zinc is difficult for adding because not reducing after being very easily oxidized, being oxidized, present stage is all to adopt simple substance powder to add, and in dry production process, because these metal boiling points are lower, in fusion process, volatilization is serious, also very easily oxidation simultaneously, can not add, low-melting-point metal has a segregation phenomena in diamond tool is made, and it easily runs off in diamond tool sintering process simultaneously.
Tradition diamond tool is mainly produced by mechanical mixture simple substance powder, development along with technology, the present stage production of diamond tool enters the production model with simple substance powder mixing prealloy powder completely, in the pre-alloyed process of these simple substance powder, should not add the low boiling elements such as Zn, Pb.Diamond tool iron-based prealloy powder is produced in water atomization, and the low-melting-point metals such as zinc, lead add difficulty, and the application postscript of these elements in diamond tool it is extensive.Water atomization is at present produced prealloyed powder for diamond tools and is had following shortcoming
1) cold moudling ability;
2) metal such as Zn, Pb adds difficulty, mainly with simple substance powder, add at present, and its skewness, product stability is poor;
3) sintering process is more complicated, need at high temperature carry out diffusion-alloying, then just enters sintering stage sintering temperature wayward;
4) powder size needs strict control;
5) in sintering process, loss is large.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to be to provide a kind of preparation method of iron-based prealloy powder, easy to implement the method, easy and simple to handle, take water atomization iron-based prealloy powder as basis, by High temperature diffusion, evaporation-condensation principle in reduction process, produce zinc content at 2%~15% iron-based prealloy powder, the advantage such as it is low that it has oxygen content, and processing performance is superior, preparation method is simple, cold moudling is good.
In order to realize above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts following technical measures:
A preparation method for iron-based prealloy powder, the steps include:
1) preparation iron-based prealloy powder, comprises following composition: Fe content 30wt%~90wt%, and Cu content 10wt%~70wt%, all the other metals add arbitrarily, and fusing point is no more than 1800 ℃;
2) to the powder of above-mentioned preparation, utilize atomization plant to carry out water atomization processing;
3) vacuum desiccator is to step 2) powder after processing dries, and bake out temperature is controlled at 150~200 ℃, and drying time is controlled at 2~4h;
4) atomized powder, after drying, adds low-melting-point metal simple substance powder, and fusing point is no more than 500 ℃, and its content is no more than 15wt%;
5) metal powder with low melting point mixes with oven dry powder;
6) utilize reduction furnace to do reduction to mixed powder and process, reduction temperature is 400~800 ℃, and hydrogen flowing quantity is controlled at 20m 3/ h~30m 3/ h, the recovery time can not be lower than 2h;
7) bulky grain, iron-based prealloy powder are removed in screening.
All the other metals described in step 1) are a kind of or 2 to the 3 kinds of any combination in Co, Ni, Sn.
Described low-melting-point metal is zinc or lead.
In step 7) ,-200 mesh sieve are used in screening.
The present invention adds the low boiling elements such as Zn, Pb in prealloy powder, make the low boiling elements such as Zn, Pb melt completely with prealloy powder in, form a kind of containing Zn, the New Pre alloyed powder of Pb, its performance characteristics compared with prior art, has the following advantages and effect:
1) cold moudling ability is good;
2) element such as Zn, Pb is evenly distributed, and product is stable;
3) sintering process is simple, easily controls;
4) powder size claimed range is wide, does not need strictly to control granularity;
5) in sintering process, lose little.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
For a better understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, further illustrate content of the present invention, a kind of preparation method of iron-based prealloy powder, the steps include:
1) prealloy powder is prepared in water atomization, constituent content in alloyed powder: Fe quality percentage composition is 30% or 40% or 60% or 90%, Cu quality percentage composition is 10% or 40% or 55% or 70%, all the other add arbitrarily Co, Ni, Sn metallic element, preparation 100~200kg, fusing point is no more than 1800 ℃, and the water atomization complete set of equipments that adopts Handan blue moral powder by atomization equipment Co., Ltd to produce is prepared iron-based prealloy powder;
2) utilize SZG series double cone rotating vacuum drier to carry out drying and processing to prealloy powder, bake out temperature is
150 ℃ or 180 ℃ or 200 ℃, drying time is 2h or 3h or 4h;
3) low melting point simple substance zinc metal dust mixes with oven dry powder;
4) utilize RDTQ-20-8 model reduction furnace to do reduction to mixed powder and process, reduction temperature is 400 or 450 or 500 or 560 or 610 or 670 or 720 or 780 or 800 ℃, and hydrogen flowing quantity is 20m 3/ h or 25m 3/ h or 30m 3/ h, the recovery time is 2h or 2.5h;
5) adopt the screening of XF triple unit vibration screen to remove bulky grain, obtain meeting-200 order prealloy powder of demand.
The present invention, according to principles such as diffusion, evaporation-condensations, is prepared.Three kinds of powder of invention preparation are as detecting contrast test, in Table 1:
Table 1
Figure BDA0000431470690000031
Take equally simple substance powder Zn to mix with prealloy powder, test specimen as a comparison, the composition of pre-alloyed powder is:
Table 2
No. 1 powder and the zinc powder that adds 10%, obtain premix powder No. 1;
No. 2 powder and the zinc powder that adds 8%, obtain premix powder No. 2;
No. 1 powder and the zinc powder that adds 12%, obtain premix powder No. 3;
Its method of testing and comparing result are as described below:
Diamond tool powder, its oxygen content has important effect to the performance of carcass, in the present invention, adopts RO-306 nitrogen oxygen analyzer to measure oxygen content.
Table 3
Figure BDA0000431470690000042
Therefore oxygen content in power of the present invention is obviously better than premixed powder.
Utilize abrasion test to measure the green strength of carcass, forming ability namely, concrete mode is the pressure that adopts 35mpa, 10mm is high in compacting, the cylinder that diameter is 10mm, putting into the gap that thin Fe silk is worked out is 1mm 2prototype rotary barrel in (long 92mm, diameter is 95mm), with the 1200 speed rotations 12min that turn, using the loss of weight as intensity index, wear intensity account form is as follows:
Figure BDA0000431470690000043
Adopting the cold press compacting appearance and size that the Changjiang river Seiko is produced is 55x10x10mm 3caking, pressing pressure is 80Mpa, carries out wear test:
Table 4
Figure BDA0000431470690000044
As can be seen here, green strength is obviously strengthened, and the inventive method is produced its forming ability of powder and is better than premixed powder.
In powder metallurgy, a sintering reaction performance that important index is metal dust, good sintering character is exactly that powder can be at a lower temperature or reach at short notice higher density.The powder that sintering character is good, its minimum sintering temperature is not preferably higher than 850 ℃, and high sintering temperature can cause the reduction in sintered body life-span, and diamond carbonization comes off and high energy consumption.A raising that good index is its relative density of agglutinating property, its relative density at least should arrive solid density 96% or higher, its account form:
Figure BDA0000431470690000051
Appearance and size is 55x10x10mm 3clavate complex in graphite grinding tool, carry out hot pressed sintering 1min, temperature is 820 ℃, pressure is 35mpa, measures density, its result is as table 5:
Table 5
Figure BDA0000431470690000052
As can be seen here, the powder that the inventive method is produced, its density and sintering character obviously increase.
During diamond tool is produced, most hardness all adopts Rockwell hardness to carry out the test of hardness, according to GB/T230-91 standard, tests.Appearance and size is 55x10x10mm 3clavate complex in graphite grinding tool, carry out hot pressed sintering 1min, temperature is 820 degrees Celsius, pressure is 35mpa, measures hardness, result is as table 6:
Table 6
Figure BDA0000431470690000053
According to hardness, detect, it is substantially little that its hardness differs, and its hardness number is applicable to the demand of diamond tool;
Mass loss in diamond tool sintering process is called diamond tool flow, and powder mass flow of the present invention obviously reduces, as shown in table 7, and this has also illustrated that sintering character is stable simultaneously.
Appearance and size is 55x10x10mm 3clavate complex in graphite grinding tool, carry out hot pressed sintering 1min, temperature is 820 degrees Celsius, pressure is 35mpa, measurement quality loss: result is as table 7:
Table 7
As seen from the above table: sintering loss, obviously reduce, further illustrating sintering stability increases.

Claims (4)

1. a preparation method for iron-based prealloy powder, the steps include:
1) preparation iron-based reguline metal, comprises following composition: Fe content 30 wt % ~ 90wt%, and Cu content 10 wt % ~ 70 wt %, all the other metals add arbitrarily, and fusing point is no more than 1800 ℃;
2) metal of above-mentioned preparation is carried out to the processing of melting water atomization pulverization, obtain iron-based prealloyed powder;
3) to step 2) powder after processing dries, and bake out temperature is controlled at 150 ~ 200 ℃, and drying time is 2 ~ 4h;
4) atomized powder, after drying, adds low-melting-point metal simple substance powder, and fusing point is no more than 500 ℃, and its content is no more than 15 wt %;
5) metal powder with low melting point mixes with oven dry powder;
6) utilize reduction furnace to do reduction to mixed powder and process, reduction temperature is 400 ~ 800 ℃, and hydrogen flowing quantity is controlled at 20m3/h ~ 30m3/h, and the recovery time is not less than 2h;
7) bulky grain is removed in screening, obtains iron-based prealloy powder.
2. the preparation method of a kind of iron-based prealloy powder as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: all the other metals described in step 1) are a kind of or 2 to the 3 kinds of any combination in Co, Ni, Sn.
3. the preparation method of a kind of iron-based prealloy powder as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described low-melting-point metal is zinc or lead.
4. the preparation method of a kind of iron-based prealloy powder as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 7) ,-200 mesh sieve are used in screening.
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CN104907732A (en) * 2015-06-18 2015-09-16 鄂州市金刚石技术研发中心 Prealloy powder used for laser welding diamond saw blade transition layer and preparation method
CN105463291A (en) * 2015-12-09 2016-04-06 博深工具股份有限公司 Fully-prealloyed powder and preparation method thereof
CN106222566A (en) * 2016-08-23 2016-12-14 秦皇岛市雅豪新材料科技有限公司 A kind of superhard material products rare earth special regulation water atomization Fe Cu pre-alloyed powder and preparation method thereof
CN106270540A (en) * 2016-08-30 2017-01-04 湖北鄂信钻石科技股份有限公司 The nickel cobalt of a kind of recovery prepares iron-based prealloyed powder and preparation method
CN106670454A (en) * 2017-01-24 2017-05-17 昆山德泰新材料科技有限公司 Iron-copper alloy powder and preparation method thereof
CN108637241A (en) * 2018-05-15 2018-10-12 陕西凯恩宝德新材料有限公司 A kind of mining industry survey acquisition tool alloy powder and preparation method thereof
CN109128145A (en) * 2018-11-02 2019-01-04 石家庄海川工具有限公司 A kind of preparation method of diamond engineering thin-walled drill cutter head powdered metallurgical material and cutter head
CN110480022A (en) * 2019-09-04 2019-11-22 泉州天智合金材料科技有限公司 A kind of FeNiCuSn pre-alloyed powder, preparation method and application
WO2020142671A1 (en) * 2019-01-04 2020-07-09 Tenneco Inc. Hard powder particles with improved compressibility and green strength
CN111687424A (en) * 2020-05-19 2020-09-22 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 Preparation method and application of copper-iron alloy powder
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CN102133640A (en) * 2011-04-08 2011-07-27 河北小蜜蜂工具集团有限公司 Method for preparing diamond tool bit from iron-based pre-alloyed powder
CN103056374A (en) * 2011-10-22 2013-04-24 湖南省冶金材料研究所 Method for preparing prealloy powder for low-oxygen-content micro-diamond product and using ultrahigh-pressure water atomization
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CN104907732A (en) * 2015-06-18 2015-09-16 鄂州市金刚石技术研发中心 Prealloy powder used for laser welding diamond saw blade transition layer and preparation method
CN105463291A (en) * 2015-12-09 2016-04-06 博深工具股份有限公司 Fully-prealloyed powder and preparation method thereof
CN106222566B (en) * 2016-08-23 2018-10-09 秦皇岛市雅豪新材料科技有限公司 A kind of superhard material products rare earth special adjusts water atomization Fe-Cu pre-alloyed powders and preparation method thereof
CN106222566A (en) * 2016-08-23 2016-12-14 秦皇岛市雅豪新材料科技有限公司 A kind of superhard material products rare earth special regulation water atomization Fe Cu pre-alloyed powder and preparation method thereof
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WO2020142671A1 (en) * 2019-01-04 2020-07-09 Tenneco Inc. Hard powder particles with improved compressibility and green strength
CN110480022A (en) * 2019-09-04 2019-11-22 泉州天智合金材料科技有限公司 A kind of FeNiCuSn pre-alloyed powder, preparation method and application
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CN111687424A (en) * 2020-05-19 2020-09-22 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 Preparation method and application of copper-iron alloy powder
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