CN105462908A - Technology and method for rapid degradation of organic matters by using microbial community in coal seam - Google Patents
Technology and method for rapid degradation of organic matters by using microbial community in coal seam Download PDFInfo
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- CN105462908A CN105462908A CN201410431725.6A CN201410431725A CN105462908A CN 105462908 A CN105462908 A CN 105462908A CN 201410431725 A CN201410431725 A CN 201410431725A CN 105462908 A CN105462908 A CN 105462908A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a technology and method for rapid degradation of organic matters by using a microbial community in a coal seam, belonging to the fields of biofermentation of coal, clean coal technology, innocent treatment of municipal kitchen garbage, production of a variety of organic fertilizers, treatment and comprehensive utilization of straw, treatment of saline land, sewage treatment, etc. The technology and method utilize the characteristics of strong degradation capability, high efficiency and good stability of bacteria in the coal seam to realize rapid decomposition and digestion of substances like organic matters, protein and carbohydrates and achieves the purpose of rapid degradation of organic matters by increasing the degradation rate of organic components. The method provided by the invention can save production time by 30% and enables water-soluble colloidal components in a degraded mixture to be increased by 1.5 times compared with a traditional degradation method. The technology and method can be applied to the fields of biofermentation of coal, clean coal technology, innocent treatment of municipal kitchen garbage, production of a variety of organic fertilizers, treatment and comprehensive utilization of straw, treatment of saline land, sewage treatment, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one and come from coal bed microorganism system, can carry out fast organic substrates such as all kinds of animal/vegetable protein, Mierocrystalline cellulose, carbohydrate and fat fast after domestication, the technology of depth degradation and method, relate to coal biological fermentation, clean coal technology, city rubbish from cooking harmless treatment, all kinds of fertilizer and bacterial manure is produced, stalk is administered and fully utilize, the field such as Saline-alkali Field Control and sewage disposal.
Background technology
Microorganism is dispersed throughout all over the world throughout widest in area, individual trickle unique life entity as a kind of.Wherein in coal seam, tax has one can take matrix of coal as nutrition source, maintains the peculiar microorganism flora of microbial ecosystem running.Research finds, the bacterial classification after domestication has the organic ability of carrying out fast deep degraded such as all kinds of animal/vegetable protein, Mierocrystalline cellulose, carbohydrate and fat.
Through domestication, cultivate, this bacterial classification can be successfully applied to the projects such as coal biological fermentation, clean coal technology, city rubbish from cooking harmless treatment, all kinds of organic fertilizer production, stalk improvement and comprehensive utilization, Saline-alkali Field Control and sewage disposal.The degradation capability higher in conjunction with bacterial classification and corresponding technology implementation method form a kind of novel organic matter degradation and utilize technology and method.
Summary of the invention
Based on to the research of the coal bed microorganism ecosystem and the lifting to this peculiar microorganism group cognition, in conjunction with the development of modern industrial technology, create one bacterial classification based on coal bed microorganism group, with a kind of novel organic rapid deep zone degradation method that double oxygen-anaerobism is cultivated and splice method of cultivation is technical support.The invention of this technological method effectively can promote China's stalk improvement, animal excrement harmless treatment, city rubbish from cooking harmless treatment, all kinds of organic fertilizer production, Organic farming state of the art.This technological method still promotes the technical development bases such as coal in China biological fermentation, clean coal technology, Saline-alkali Field Control and sewage disposal simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: utilize the dark fresh coal sample taking from subterranean coal to obtain source flora (1), the pending organism of fine grinding is utilized to carry out bacterial classification pre-incubation (2), bacterial classification after cultivating is placed in 15 ~ 85 DEG C of alternating temperature Anaerobic culturel systems and carries out anaerobism---oxygen of holding concurrently hands over compound spread cultivation (3), by the bacterial classification after spreading cultivation according to every cubic metre 1 × 10
12introduce fermentation system (4), utilize splice zymotechnique, complete bacterial classification by a fermentation group to another fermentation group transfer (5) flowchart process as shown in Figure 1.
The dark fresh coal sample that subterranean coal is taken from described utilization obtains source flora, and bacterial classification needs to be sealed in anaerobism, aseptic, dry sampling thief after obtaining, and keeps the primordial condition of flora.
The pending organism of described utilization fine grinding carries out bacterial classification pre-incubation, it is characterized in that: select pending organism by fine grinding (particle diameter is less than 60 orders), the organic powder after fine grinding is made substratum, for domestication and the amplification of target flora.By artificial induction, microorganism is enable to adapt to existence and the procreation of non-coal environment.
Anaerobism is carried out in described being placed in 15 ~ 85 DEG C of alternating temperature Anaerobic culturel systems by the bacterial classification after cultivation---and oxygen of holding concurrently hands over compound spreading cultivation, utilize temperature variation and system oxygen level to change to carry out screening and tame to bacterial classification, filter out qualified Mixed cultures, the change of Working Environments can be adapted to, technology implementation requirement can be met.
Described by the bacterial classification after spreading cultivation according to every cubic metre 1 × 10
12introduce fermentation system, it is characterized in that: once by the bacterial classification drawing-in system of q.s, be introduce bacterial classification can to form dominant bacteria fast within the specific limits, and ferment with decomposition process according to strain properties foundation organic matter, build microbial ecosystem.
Described utilizes splice zymotechnique, completes bacterial classification by the transfer of a fermentation group to another fermentation group
, it is characterized in that: flora has higher nutrition proneness, when there being fresh nutrition source to be introduced into decomposing system, microorganism can by the motion of self proneness to the diffusion of high nutrition district.In technology implementation process, splice production technique can be utilized to realize autonomous transfer and the continuous application of bacterial classification.
accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the workflow diagram of the quick organic degradation technology and method utilizing coal bed microorganism flora.The workflow getting application and recycling method from flora is described in this figure.
1. this technology is by utilizing coal bed microorganism flora, can more effectively degrade to organic matter, and its degradation efficiency comparatively routine techniques can improve more than 30%.
2. the screening of high-temperature group can make this bacterial classification long term operation higher than in the hot environment of 50 DEG C with domestication, can meet the Production requirement of agricultural, coalification industry.
3. the technological method that oxygen-anaerobism pulsating of holding concurrently ferments realizes deep layer, fast degradation to organic matter, can improve the utilization ratio to nutritive element, lower the loss to nutritive element;
4. the technology that oxygen-anaerobism pulsating of holding concurrently ferments can significantly reduce equipment cost and technical matters implements difficulty, contributes to the energy-saving and cost-reducing level developed skill.
5. bacterial classification and fermentation technique can reduce system to material purity and the restriction forming change to quick, the adaptable feature of organic substrate response, make technology possess usage space more widely.
6. technology adopt bacterial classification to possess stronger diffusion property enable system more be easy to realize the multiplexing of bacterial classification, reduce the running cost of technology and handling cost.
Embodiment
The design and implementation of the quick organic matter degradation technology and method of coal bed microorganism flora is utilized to be the crystallization of the engineering discipline such as biotechnology, ecological systems engineering synthetic innovation.Its specific implementation method is as follows:
The dark fresh coal sample that subterranean coal is taken from described utilization obtains source flora, needs to obtain in the new coal seam disclosed, and the coal seam time that discloses is no more than 8 hours.Bacterial classification needs to be sealed in anaerobism, aseptic, dry sampling thief after obtaining, and utilizes nitrogen wash sampling thief internal space to get rid of oxygen, keeps the primordial condition of flora.
The longest shelf time under bacterial classification room temperature after sampling is no more than 30 days.Long-time preservation need adopt very low temperature cold preserving method to preserve.
To refine with pending organic simple substance or mixture, the particle dynamics after screening is less than 60 orders.
Coal sample, organic powder are mixed according to mass ratio 1:2:5 with domestication basic medium, inserts in anaerobic petri diss.
Wherein taming basic medium collocation method is:
Culture dish is inserted anaerobic culture box.Arranging culture temperature is that 15 ~ 85 DEG C of gradient temperature become cultivation, and temperature variation method is 10 DEG C/hour, until 85 DEG C, then lowers the temperature with same thermograde, near 15 DEG C, enters second circulation afterwards.Each temperature keeps 60 minutes, circulates 5 times.
The bacterial classification of screening and cultivation is above put into fixed temperature and humidity anaerobism incubator, and temperature is set to 45 DEG C, humidity 80%, and constant temperature cultivates 30 days, until flora mean density is higher than 1 × 10
10/ mL.
By the bacterial classification that cultivates according to every cubic metre of 100mL(that is 1 × 10
12) drawing-in system, start fermentation.
Fermenting process keeping system can be in open state.To agricultural application direction, periodically can pump into a small amount of air to system, make system held at double oxygen and anaerobism alternating state, be conducive to the degraded of organic matter, with conversion and the synthesis of soluble small molecular compound.
To energy field application, then can after the initial stage to hold concurrently aerobe fermentation, system is airtight, and system through the double oxygen condition of short period of time, independently can enter anaerobic state.Until fluctuation appears in gas deliverability, pump into oxygen in system, be that system enters double aerobe fermentation, repeat above process.More can be conducive to the fermentation of macromole organic matter, and produce biological methane, biological hydrogen equal energy source gas.
Need after completing fermentation to evaluate and test the reliability of bacterial classification at every turn.The repeatable method of breeding strain of evaluating method when the inoculum density after cultivating does not reach requirement, is then aging bacterial classification.If still can meet bacterial classification to introduce requirement, then the bacterial classification in former fermentation system is active bacteria, can carry out multiplexing.
For the degradation technique of SOLID ORGANIC matter, after first group of organic matter completes degraded, new organic matter is stacked in the organic matter completing degraded and piles one end, bacterial classification can according to nutritious, and the organic matter heap direction new from trend is spread.
To liquid fermenting system, only need completed fermentor tank and new clothes to join fermentor tank tubes connection, can complete bacterial classification from main diffusion.
Claims (7)
1. " utilize the quick organic matter degradation technology and method of coal bed microorganism flora ", it is characterized in that: the main bacteria seed that organic matter degradation adopts comes from the coal bed microorganism ecosystem (1) surviving in underground; The most high ambient temperature that the engineering strain adopted can tolerate can reach 89 DEG C (2); Microorganism, to matrix strong adaptability, can make response (3) to the change of primer matrix fast; This technological method adopt hold concurrently oxygen and anaerobism pulsation zymotechnique, deep fermentation good, stability is high, nutrition composition loss little (4); The fermentation system of this technological method design can adopt splice to ferment, and bacterial classification is possessed and once introduces, the ability (5) of recycling.
2. the main bacteria seed of organic matter degradation employing according to claim 1 is from the coal bed microorganism ecosystem surviving in underground, it is characterized in that: to survive in deeper subsurface in technology, and the bacterial classification fauna had in the coal bed microorganism ecosystem of matrix of coal degradation capability is Main Bacteria provenance, with its strong organic matter decomposition fermentation capacity, all a kind of stable, efficient, the reliable engineering strain uses of energy conduct of the flora bacterial classification after taming, screen, increasing training.
3. the domestication according to right 2, increasing training process, it is characterized in that: utilize the organic starting material (more than 60 orders) that ferment waited of fine grinding to make basic medium, make microorganism under artificial guiding, selection can shake down fast, and the high temperature tolerance bacterial classification fauna that can incorporate in new ecotope is target bacterial classification carries out turning to and cultivating qualitatively; Bacterial classification after domestication is hydrolyzed bacterium, matrix of coal zymophyte, milk-acid bacteria, acetic acid bacteria, vinelandii etc. for forming main body primarily of matrix of coal, and the highest tolerable temperature of flora after optimizing can reach 89 DEG C.
4. the microorganism according to right 1, to matrix strong adaptability, can be made response to the change of primer matrix fast, it is characterized in that: the flora that this technological method adopts possesses stronger matrix adaptive faculty; This adaptive faculty is mainly manifested in, and when change of component appears in fermented substrate component, flora can make rapid reaction to new nutrient environment, by independently adjusting the Structure and composition relation of flora, realizes the adaptation to new nutraceutical matrix environment and response.
5. the primer matrix described by right 4, is characterized in that: matrix mainly comprises the organic matters such as all kinds of animal/vegetable protein, Mierocrystalline cellulose, carbohydrate and fat, but does not comprise the organic compound such as chemical industry synthetic plastics, regenerated rubber.
6. this technological method according to right 1 adopts hold concurrently oxygen and anaerobism pulsation zymotechnique, deep fermentation good, stability is high, nutrition composition loss is little, it is characterized in that: in this process implementing process, according to the change of the components such as system temperature, potential of hydrogen, sugar, acetic acid, carbonic acid gas, methane, hydrogen, hold concurrently oxygen and anaerobism is adopted to pulse zymotechnique, by making to hold concurrently in system oxygen bacterium and anerobe collaboration type operating mode, depth degradation is realized to matrix, it is good that this technological method has deep fermentation, the features such as fermenting stability is high, and nutrition composition loss is little.
7. the fermentation system of this technological method design according to right 1 can adopt splice to ferment, bacterial classification is possessed once introduce, the ability of recycling, it is characterized in that: bacterial classification has higher nutrition proneness, decomposing system is introduced into when there being fresh nutrition source, microorganism can be spread to high nutrition district by self proneness, in technology implementation process, adopt splice production technique to realize autonomous transfer and the continuous application of bacterial classification, only need fresh organic matter or fermentation tank to continue after former fermentation system.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114958924A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Coal-based biomass dark fermentation hydrogen production method with function of coal bed flora remodeling |
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| CN102559772A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2012-07-11 | 北京科技大学 | Method for increasing production of coal bed methane by using exogenous microorganisms |
| CN102676492A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-09-19 | 上海交通大学 | Efficient straw degrading composite fungicide and organic fertilizer preparing method thereof |
| CN103060245A (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2013-04-24 | 江苏加德绿色能源有限公司 | Compound microorganism bacterium agent of biological coalbed methane prepared by coal bed organic impurities and application thereof |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101922287A (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2010-12-22 | 肖栋 | Method for making natural gas by underground coal bed microorganism |
| CN102559772A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2012-07-11 | 北京科技大学 | Method for increasing production of coal bed methane by using exogenous microorganisms |
| CN102676492A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-09-19 | 上海交通大学 | Efficient straw degrading composite fungicide and organic fertilizer preparing method thereof |
| CN103060245A (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2013-04-24 | 江苏加德绿色能源有限公司 | Compound microorganism bacterium agent of biological coalbed methane prepared by coal bed organic impurities and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114958924A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Coal-based biomass dark fermentation hydrogen production method with function of coal bed flora remodeling |
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Application publication date: 20160406 |