CN101922287A - Method for making natural gas by underground coal bed microorganism - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for making natural gas by underground coal bed microorganism. Mainly, culture solution is utilized to cultivate and activate flora existing in the coal bed to convert underground methane flora into methane gas. The invention not only can convert coal into methane to serve as natural gas but also can improve the air permeability of the coal bed in the gas making process, so that the invention has an important meaning for improving the drainage capability of methane and ensuring upper safe extraction; more importantly, percent conversion is high, and converted coal bed resource can be reused so as to overcome the defects of the existing hot gasification method that percent conversion is low, and coal resource in the gasification area can not be reused after gasification ends.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to underground coal changes the gas technology, especially utilizes underground coal bed microorganism self to produce the technology of natural gas (its main component is a methane gas).This method utilizes microorganism coal to be absorbed the purpose that reaches coal commentaries on classics gas with degradation.
Background technology
At present, coal mainly is to utilize by exploitation as a kind of valuable energy resources, in order to realize the abundant recovery of difficult coal seam resource of exploiting, as one of project of this plan, China has dropped into a large amount of funds and has carried out exploration and the research that long-term coal changes the gas technology.
It mainly is hot gasification that existing underground coal changes the gas technology.This method is at underground structure combustion furnace or gasification furnace, realizes coal gasification.The deficiency that this method exists is that the coal gasification conversion ratio is lower, generally is lower than 70%, and rate of energy is not reached optimum, and the gasification zone coal resources after the gasification end can not reuse.
Microorganism is ubiquitous at nature as a kind of life entity, even buried no exception in underground coal seam.This microorganism is to be present in the coal seam with group's form, and has followed the coal seam by being generated to present whole historical process.They utilize the organic principle in underground water and the coal as nutrient source life to be continued in the coal seam, and follow metabolism to produce a large amount of methane gass, have formed our present said coal bed gas in the lump with heating gas.The existence of having found large number of biological methane in the research to the coal bed gas forming process has also proved this point.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of utilization and be present in the method that microorganism species in the subterranean coal is converted into coal natural gas, this method not only can improve methane output and quality, and in conversion process, because biological methane is to the degradation of coal, the gas permeability of coal is significantly improved, for later gas drainage under suction, reduce harmfulness that carbon dioxide geological seals up for safekeeping and the back production in later stage coalfield provides advantage.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
The first step: at first delimit the zone, coal seam that the implementing plan coal changes gas, get through an isolation strip interregional, and circulation injection air, the injection rate of air should guarantee that isolation strip coal surface hydrogen reduction electromotive force requires to be higher than 500mV.
Second step: treat ature of coal, the ground temperature in the coal seam of gasification zone, hydrologic regime, oxygen content etc. is analyzed, and obtains coal seam environmental characteristic data, for next step bacterium is activated, cultivates ready.
The 3rd step: the preparation nutrient solution requires must contain element N, P, S, K, Mg, Na, Ca in the nutrient solution.
The 4th step: in treating the gasification zone, drill through coal sample, utilize above-mentioned nutrient solution the flora in the coal sample to be cultivated among a small circle, analyze the active situation that down-hole methane flora changes into methane gas aboveground.
The 5th step: utilize the 4th step analysis result that underground bioanalysis vaporization ability is made assessment, draw the down-hole gas deliverability.
The 6th step: utilize steaming process, the coal seam that ground temperature is lower than 30 degrees centigrade feeds steam in intensification among a small circle, activates the flora in the coal seam.
The 7th step: with the nutrient solution for preparing in the 3rd step, slowly inject the coal seam among a small circle after the 6th step heated up, the injection rate of nutrient solution should guarantee to be enough to activate the methane flora, utilizes sensor monitors methane output capacity in injection process, grasps the coal bed microorganism transforming degree.Aerogenesis is steady in treating among a small circle, nutrient solution is injected in the zone around again, enlarges the influence basin of nutrient solution in the coal seam, more microorganism is come into play change into methane gas, up to the nutrient solution of annotating zone, complete coal seam, realize the coal gasification in whole zone.
The 8th step: the underground methane gas extraction after will transforming is to ground, as natural gas so that utilization.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, bacterial classification follows the formation of coal to be present among the coal seam, and there is not the introducing of outside bacterium in whole process, can not cause germ contamination.
2, by activation to microorganism, utilize the process of microorganism to the degradation realization coal commentaries on classics gas of coal, average conversion can reach more than 90% of content of organics in the coal, and the coal after the conversion still can be used as high-grade energy and is used.Therefore this technology is much better than existing hot gasification.
3, in the conversion process,, improved the gas permeability of coal, not only provided convenience, also established important foundation simultaneously for the coalfield back production safety in later stage for gas drainage under suction owing to the decomposition of microorganism.
4, biological decomposition process consumes some impurity in the coal seam simultaneously, has improved the quality of coal.
5, this methanogen group plants and belongs to absolute anaerobe, and during back production coal, under draught effect, this bacterial classification can be dead rapidly.Chamber checking by experiment, this bacterial classification belongs to harmless flora, can not work the mischief to the environment and the mankind.
6, utilize the regional coal resources after the inventive method transforms to reuse.
In a word, the present invention is as a kind of novel coal-bed gas preparation technique, to the utilization in coal bed gas volume increase, low-quality coal seam and improve the coal resources availability and all have important meaning.It not only can be converted into methane with coal and use as natural gas, but also can in gas-making process, improve the gas permeability in coal seam, for the extraction ability that improves methane and the safe back production that ensures the later stage all significant, the more important thing is the conversion ratio height, and the coal seam resource after transforming can repeat to use again, the defective that overcome that existing hot gasification vaporization conversion ratio is low, the gasification zone coal resources of gasification after finishing can not reuse has obvious improvement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a reaction mechanism flow chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Narrate technical scheme of the present invention below by an embodiment according to detailed process.
The first step: the pre-exploiting field in selected certain coalfield is for implementing coal and change the zone of gas, interregionally gets through an isolation strip with other districts isolate at this, circulation injection air in this district, and the injection rate of air should guarantee that coal surperficial hydrogen reduction electromotive force in isolation strip is higher than 500mV.
Second step: to ature of coal, the ground temperature in the coal seam of first step gasification zone, hydrologic regime, oxygen contents etc. are analyzed, and obtain coal seam environmental characteristic data.
The 3rd step: the preparation nutrient solution, each elemental composition is as shown in the table in the conventional nutrient solution.
| Element | Concentration Mol/L |
| N? | 0.0187? |
| P? | 0.0042? |
| S? | 0.0198? |
| K? | 0.0107? |
| Mg? | 0.0008? |
| Na? | 0.0269? |
| Ca? | 0.0003? |
The 4th step: drill through coal sample in treating the gasification zone, utilize above-mentioned nutrient solution to adopt conventional method aboveground the down-hole flora to be cultivated, analyze the current activity of down-hole methane flora, specific analytical method is:
Get the 20g coal, under 35 degrees celsius, utilize above-mentioned nutrient solution prescription that coal sample was cultivated 30 days, monitor the methane output capacity in real time.
The 5th step: utilized for the 4th step cultivated the result underground bioanalysis vaporization ability is made assessment,, draw flora down-hole gas deliverability (m according to field with "nine squares" area and coal seam thickness
3/ t/d).
The 6th step: according to the second step coal seam environmental characteristic data,, then need to utilize steaming process, at first heated up among a small circle in the coal seam, be warming up between 35～40 degrees centigrade, and require in 10 day time, to keep this temperature if the field with "nine squares" temperature is lower than 30 degrees centigrade.
The 7th step: with the nutrient solution for preparing in the 3rd step, slowly inject the coal seam among a small circle after the 6th step heated up, require in every cubic metre of coal to inject and be not less than the 50L nutrient solution, carry out among a small circle that the methane flora activates, in injection process, utilize sensor monitors methane output capacity.Treat that aerogenesis is steady, nutrient solution is injected in the zone around again, enlarges the influence basin of nutrient solution in the coal seam, and more microorganism is come into play; By that analogy, realize the coal gasification (reaction mechanism as shown in the figure) in whole zone up to the injection of finishing whole coal seam nutrient solution.
The 8th step: the methane gas extraction after will transforming utilizes as natural gas to ground, and the carbon dioxide that produces can be refilled the coal seam, when improving the gas output capacity, accomplishes economic environmental protection.
Reaction mechanism of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1: the microorganism of the original existence back that is activated produces a large amount of hydrolysis bacterium, zymophyte, product hydroacetic acid bacterium, consumption hydroacetic acid bacterium etc. in the coal seam, hydrolysis bacterium that is activated and zymophyte are collaborative to be converted into acetate, LCFA with the macromolecular compound in the coal, carbon dioxide and hydrogen etc.; Acetic acid bacteria then can utilize carbon dioxide and hydrogen to produce more acetate, and consuming the hydroacetic acid bacterium simultaneously can also be decomposed into acetate with the lignin such as hydroxylation aromatic in the coal; Produce the hydroacetic acid bacterium and then aliphatic acid, alcohols, aromatic compound and amino acid can be converted into the utilization of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and acetate for methanogen.
Claims (2)
1. method of utilizing underground coal bed microorganism to produce natural gas is characterized in that step is as follows:
The first step: at first delimit the zone, coal seam that the implementing plan coal changes gas, get through an isolation strip interregional, and circulation injection air, the injection rate of air should guarantee that isolation strip coal surface hydrogen reduction electromotive force requires to be higher than 500mV;
Second step: treat ature of coal, the ground temperature in the coal seam of gasification zone, hydrologic regime and oxygen content are analyzed, and obtain coal seam environmental characteristic data, for next step bacterium is activated, cultivates ready;
The 3rd step: the preparation nutrient solution requires must contain element N, P, S, K, Mg, Na and Ca in the nutrient solution;
The 4th step: in treating the gasification zone, drill through coal sample, utilize above-mentioned nutrient solution the flora in the coal sample to be cultivated among a small circle, analyze the active situation that down-hole methane flora changes into methane gas aboveground;
The 5th step: utilize the 4th step analysis result that underground bioanalysis vaporization ability is made assessment, draw the down-hole gas deliverability;
The 6th step: utilize steaming process, the coal seam that ground temperature is lower than 30 degrees centigrade feeds steam in intensification among a small circle, activates the flora in the coal seam;
The 7th step: with the nutrient solution for preparing in the 3rd step, slowly inject the coal seam among a small circle after the 6th step heated up, the injection rate of nutrient solution should guarantee to be enough to activate the methane flora, utilizes sensor monitors methane output capacity in injection process, grasps the coal bed microorganism transforming degree; Aerogenesis is steady in treating among a small circle, nutrient solution is injected in the zone around again, enlarges the influence basin of nutrient solution in the coal seam, more microorganism is come into play change into methane gas, up to the nutrient solution of annotating zone, complete coal seam, realize the coal gasification in whole zone;
The 8th step: the underground methane gas extraction after will transforming is to ground, as natural gas so that utilization.
2. the method for utilizing underground coal bed microorganism to produce natural gas as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that step is as follows:
The first step: the pre-exploiting field in selected certain coalfield is for implementing coal and change the zone of gas, interregionally gets through an isolation strip with other districts isolate at this, circulation injection air in this district, and the injection rate of air should guarantee that coal surperficial hydrogen reduction electromotive force in isolation strip is higher than 500mV;
Second step: ature of coal, ground temperature, hydrologic regime and oxygen content to the coal seam of first step gasification zone are analyzed, and obtain coal seam environmental characteristic data;
The 3rd step: the preparation nutrient solution, each elemental composition is in the conventional nutrient solution:
N 0.0187 Mol/L
P 0.0042 Mol/L
S 0.0198 Mol/L
K 0.0107 Mol/L
Mg 0.0008 Mol/L
Na 0.0269 Mol/L
Ca 0.0003 Mol/L
The 4th step: drill through coal sample in treating the gasification zone, utilize above-mentioned nutrient solution to adopt conventional method aboveground the down-hole flora to be cultivated, analyze the current activity of down-hole methane flora, specific analytical method is:
Get the 20g coal, under 35 degrees celsius, utilize above-mentioned nutrient solution prescription that coal sample was cultivated 30 days, monitor the methane output capacity in real time;
The 5th step: utilized for the 4th step cultivated the result underground bioanalysis vaporization ability is made assessment,, draw flora down-hole gas deliverability according to field with "nine squares" area and coal seam thickness;
The 6th step: according to the second step coal seam environmental characteristic data,, then need to utilize steaming process, at first heated up among a small circle in the coal seam, be warming up between 35～40 degrees centigrade, and require in 10 day time, to keep this temperature if the field with "nine squares" temperature is lower than 30 degrees centigrade;
The 7th step: with the nutrient solution for preparing in the 3rd step, slowly inject the coal seam among a small circle after the 6th step heated up, require in every cubic metre of coal to inject and be not less than the 50L nutrient solution, carry out among a small circle that the methane flora activates, in injection process, utilize sensor monitors methane output capacity; Treat that aerogenesis is steady, nutrient solution is injected in the zone around again, enlarges the influence basin of nutrient solution in the coal seam, and more microorganism is come into play; By that analogy, up to the injection of finishing whole coal seam nutrient solution, realize the coal gasification in whole zone;
The 8th step: the methane gas extraction after will transforming utilizes as natural gas to ground, and the carbon dioxide that produces can be refilled the coal seam.
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| CN102900407A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-01-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for converting residual CO2 in oil reservoirs after CO2 flooding into methane |
| CN102900411A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-01-30 | 河南理工大学 | Biological permeability-increasing method for coal reservoir |
| CN104234737A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2014-12-24 | 肖栋 | Enzymolysis-boosted coal-seam methane desorption technique and method |
| CN104884569A (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2015-09-02 | 联邦科学技术研究组织 | Nutrient composition, process and system for enhancing biogenic methane production from a carbonaceous material |
| CN105063093A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-18 | 河南理工大学 | Method for preparation of coalbed methane from microorganisms |
| CN105462908A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-04-06 | 肖栋 | Technology and method for rapid degradation of organic matters by using microbial community in coal seam |
| CN105756637A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-07-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for increasing coal-bed gas recovery ratio by using coal-bed indigenous microbes |
| US9428978B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2016-08-30 | Carbon Energy Limited | Method for shortening an injection pipe for underground coal gasification |
| US9435184B2 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2016-09-06 | Carbon Energy Limited | Sacrificial liner linkages for auto-shortening an injection pipe for underground coal gasification |
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