CN104073445A - Microbial agent for pretreatment of straws and manure biogas - Google Patents
Microbial agent for pretreatment of straws and manure biogas Download PDFInfo
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- CN104073445A CN104073445A CN201410257058.4A CN201410257058A CN104073445A CN 104073445 A CN104073445 A CN 104073445A CN 201410257058 A CN201410257058 A CN 201410257058A CN 104073445 A CN104073445 A CN 104073445A
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- stalk
- cfu
- ight soil
- microbiobacterial agent
- fermentation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/20—Sludge processing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a microbial agent for pretreatment of straws and manure biogas. The microbial agent jointly comprises the following strains: 2-8*10<10>cfu/g of Penicillium glaucum, 2-8*10<10>cfu/g of Rhizopus oryzae, 2-8*10<10>cfu/g of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, 2-8*10<10>cfu/g of Aspergillus flavus and 2-8*10<10>cfu/g of Spirillospora. By virtue of the microbial agent, the mixed anaerobic fermentation process of straws and manure can be promoted, the fermentation period is shortened, the biodegradation of organic materials can be accelerated, and a preparation method of the microbial agent is simple and easily implemented, the content of flora in feedstock per unit is large and the activity is high. The microbial agent can be used for the fermentation of different manure and straw raw materials in biogas fermentation enterprises and thus the harmless, reduction and resource utilization of manure and straws are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural waste fermentation pre-treatment microbial inoculum technical field, be specifically related to a kind of stalk and ight soil biogas fermentation pre-treatment microbiobacterial agent.
Background technology
At present, approximately 700,000,000 tons of the stalks of the annual output of China, approximately 17.3 hundred million tons of livestock and poultry breeding industry ight soil quantity dischargeds.A large amount of agricultural wastes can not get rational utilization, are mostly directly burned or are discarded in field, river, so not only caused the waste of resource but also ecotope has been caused to serious destruction.Research shows, is about 0.45m taking stalk as fermenting raw materials production potential
3/ (KgTs), suitable with manure fermentation rate, its production potential is very huge.Produce biogas taking stalk as fermenting raw materials, both solved the problem of rural energy deficiency, opened up a new approach for solving " crop straw burning " problem again.Simultaneously the natural pond slag after biogas fermentation can production high-quality biogas residue organic fertilizer, for improving soil physical and chemical property, increases soil fertility, and can reduce the use of chemical fertilizer, promotes ecological agriculture construction.But because the main component in stalk is Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose and xylogen, if by direct stalk pit entry fermentation, the not destroyed and easy floating crust of the wax layer on stalk surface, causes aerogenesis not good.Therefore needed it to carry out pre-treatment before stalk enters pond.In recent years, correlative study report about degrading straw is more, but mostly concentrate on the research of physics, chemical process and enzyme solution etc., the research of screening, qualification and combination of deeply carrying out straw degradative bacterium is less, and the conventional straw degradative microbial inoculum in market mostly is the composite fungus agent that is applicable to field at present, but not the special bacteria agent of stalk marsh gas Biological Pretreatment.Stalk and ight soil biogas fermentation pre-treatment microbiobacterial agent also face following problem at present:
(1) source of microorganism is extensive not enough.
Microbe species is various, distributed more widely, almost ubiquitous on earth.The place that germs collect is maximum is soil, and soil is the base camp of various microorganism growth breedings, gets arbitrarily handful of soil or a soil, be exactly a microbial world 1, no matter quantity or kind are all a lot.In fertile soil, every gram of soil contains 2,000,000,000 microorganisms, even dead soil also contains hundred million microorganisms of 3-5 in every gram of soil.Up to now, the microorganism known to us approximately has 100,000 kinds, but has only developed and found 1% of microbial species number in human being's production and life.When laboratory gathers bacterial classification sample, the principle of following is that the source of material is more extensive, more likely obtains new bacterial classification.Therefore, the efficient biogas fermentation pre-treatment of development of new microbial inoculum, must extensively draw materials, and sets certain specific environmental factors in laboratory, as characteristic of temperature, selected materials etc., so just can filter out microbial strains a large amount of and that contribute to fermenting process.
(2) composition of microbiobacterial agent is simple
At present microbiobacterial agent is taking screening simple function bacterium as main, or difference in functionality bacterium carried out simply composite.There is larger problem in this mode: first these single bacterium really have certain function in the time of laboratory culture, but at the complex condition fermenting, be but difficult to reach ideal effect.This be due to many single fungus strains can not be in actual environment growth and breeding or be easily limited by other microbial growths; Secondly,, owing to existing many kinds to interact between different microbial populations, the single bacterium of certain function that what laboratory screening got have can not fully prove that it has identical effect in a complicated colony; The 3rd, some microorganism biogas fermentation microbial inoculum, just fermentation strain is simply mixed, not thorough to the antagonistic action research between bacterial strain, this has just caused microbial strains during the fermentation because the antagonistic action between bacterial strain does not reach desired effect; The 4th, can not effectively utilize the effect of the various enzymes of microorganisms.In organic degradation process, the Degradation of enzyme is very crucial, therefore, only contains microorganism, and the microbiobacterial agent that does not contain enzyme can not be brought into play larger effect.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of stalk and ight soil biogas fermentation pre-treatment microbiobacterial agent, promote stalk ight soil mixing anaerobic biogas fermentation process, shorten fermentation period, accelerate the organic biological degradation of raw material.For the fermentation of different ight soil and stalk, make that ight soil and stalk are innoxious, minimizing, resource utilization.Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of mentioned microorganism microbial inoculum.
Technical scheme: in order to realize foregoing invention object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of stalk and ight soil biogas fermentation pre-treatment microbiobacterial agent, be made up of jointly following bacterial classification: Penicillum glaucum (
penicillium glaucum) 2 ~ 8 × 10
10cfu/g, Rhizopus oryzae (
rhizopus oryzae) 2 ~ 8 × 10
10cfu/g, Phanerochaete chrysosporium (
phanerochaete chrysosporium) 2 ~ 8 × 10
10cfu/g, flavus (
aspergillus flavus) 2 ~ 8 × 10
10cfu/g, spiral shell spore bacterium (
spirillospora) 2 ~ 8 × 10
10cfu/g.
A fermentation process for stalk and ight soil biogas fermentation pre-treatment microbiobacterial agent, specific as follows:
1) glucose is dissolved in water, then adds microbial inoculum fully to stir evenly, microbial inoculum is melted, then diluent is evenly splashed on stalk, and fully stir evenly;
2) stalk after treatment step 1) is dropped in fermentor tank, add ight soil, carry out the producing methane through anaerobic fermentation of stalk and ight soil;
Wherein, the part by weight of material composition: ight soil 20% ~ 25%, stalk 1% ~ 2%, glucose 0.01% ~ 0.02%, microbiobacterial agent 0.01% ~ 0.02%, tap water 70% ~ 80%; Material total moisture should be controlled at 90 ~ 92%, pH and be neutrality or weakly alkaline, and material particular diameter is at 5 ~ 20mm.
By regulate the pH value of material with soda-lime or acetic acid.
Leavening temperature is 37 DEG C, and stir 1-2 every day.
The mass ratio of microbiobacterial agent and stalk is 1:50.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, stalk of the present invention and ight soil biogas fermentation pre-treatment microbiobacterial agent, can promote stalk ight soil hybrid anaerobic fermentation process, shorten fermentation period, can accelerate the organic biological degradation of raw material, and the making method of microbial inoculum is simple, easy to implement, in unit raw material, micro-flora content is large, active high.Can be applicable to the fermentation of biogas fermentation enterprise for different ight soil and stalk, thereby make ight soil and stalk is innoxious, minimizing, resource utilization.There are following performance index:
(1) product appearance and the quality guaranteed period: product is that khaki color is Powdered, odorless, shady and cool (20 DEG C are following) dry place preserves, validity period 1 year.
(2) use fermentation maturity phase of microbial inoculum: stalk (mixing with ight soil) is 10-16 days.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
Mainly various cellulose-degrading bacterias, the lignin-degrading bacteria from fermentation biogas liquid of microorganism in stalk and ight soil biogas fermentation pre-treatment microbiobacterial agent, screenings such as various bacteriums in ripe compost, trees soil, actinomycetes, fungi and obtaining.
(1) isolation and screening of microorganism
The isolation and screening of cellulose-degrading bacteria, lignin-degrading bacteria, it is microbe-derived getting the existing marsh-gas fermentation tank in laboratory, make sole carbon source with stalk powder, preparation minimal medium, adopt dilution-plate method to separate different microorganisms, 32 DEG C of cultivations, isolate each 12 strains of aerobic and double type anerobe.Then, stalk is carried out to pre-treatment with every kind of microorganism, by measuring its overall degradation rate to Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen, filter out higher six kinds of effect, be numbered h4, h10, h13, y2, y7 and y11.
The isolation and screening of various bacteriums in ripe compost, trees soil, actinomycetes, fungi, getting compost and soil is bacterial classification source, adopt dilution-plate method to separate different microorganisms, wherein substratum adopts respectively beef-protein medium, Gause I substratum, Cha Shi substratum and PDA substratum to isolate respectively bacterium, actinomycetes, mould and fungi.32 DEG C of cultivations, and measure by increment, filter out respectively the microorganism of increment maximum, and number consecutively is n4, n6, g1, g8, zd5, zd10, zt4, m2, m9 and m10.
(2) microorganism is sieved again
Above-mentioned 16 kinds of microbial inoculants that filter out are grown in the liquid substratum of the inorganic salt of making sole carbon source with stalk powder, then measure cellulase activity and the laccase activity of bacterium liquid.By the size of living of enzyme relatively, filter out larger 12 kinds of Enzyme activity: h4, h10, h13, y2, y11, m9, m10, zd5, zd10, zt4, g1 and g8.
(3) antagonistic experiment between different microorganisms
Above-mentioned 12 kinds of microorganisms that filter out are inoculated in agar nutrition flat board between two, 30 DEG C of illumination cultivation, through the cultivation of three days, observe the growing state of different microorganisms, wherein there is microorganism to grow if found, illustrate that its growth is subject to the inhibition of other microorganisms, can filter out thus competitive strong microorganism.Experimental result discovery, competitive strong microorganism is wherein 10 kinds: h4, h10, h13, y2, y11, m9, m10, zd10, g1 and g8.
(4) bacterial classification Experiment of Compatibility
Above-mentioned 10 kinds of microorganisms that filter out are carried out to compatibility, have 12 groups (as table 1).
Table 1 bacterial strain compatibility
These 12 groups of microorganisms are inoculated into respectively to the mixed-culture medium (mass ratio of basic medium and wheat bran, substratum: wheat bran=10:1) in, carrying out common fermentation enlarged culturing, culture condition is shaking table shaking culture, 30 DEG C of illumination, then measure cellulase activity and the laccase activity of bacterium liquid.By relatively enzyme is alive big or small, filter out 4 groups of microorganism compatibilities that Enzyme activity is larger.Again nutrient solution is carried out to centrifugation (5000r/min rotating speed), obtain microbial cells, finally vacuum-drying 5h at 60 DEG C, obtain 4 kinds of microbiobacterial agents, it is respectively No. 2 microbial inoculums (containing bacterium m10, g8, h13, g1 and y2), No. 6 microbial inoculums (containing bacterium y11, h13, zd10, h10 and g1), No. 8 microbial inoculums (containing bacterium m10, h8, zd10 and h10) and No. 12 microbial inoculums (containing bacterium m10, m9, h4, h13 and h10).
Product is that khaki color is Powdered, odorless, and shady and cool (20 DEG C are following) dry place preserves, validity period 1 year.
Embodiment 2
4 kinds of microbial bacterias prepared by Application Example 1 carry out pre-treatment to stalk, more pretreated stalk is dropped in fermentor tank and carries out anaerobically fermenting, filter out the one that gas production rate is the highest.Specific as follows:
1) weight of material ratio composition
(wetting) ight soil 20% ~ 25%, stalk 1% ~ 2%, glucose 0.01% ~ 0.02%, microbiobacterial agent 0.01% ~ 0.02%, tap water 70% ~ 80%.
2) making processes
(1) reactivation process of microbial inoculum
First glucose is dissolved in water, then adds microbial inoculum fully to stir evenly, microbial inoculum is melted, then diluent is evenly splashed on stalk, and fully stir (with stirrer) evenly.
(2) fermenting process
Pretreated stalk is dropped in fermentor tank and carries out anaerobically fermenting.Taking the identical material that do not add microbiobacterial agent as contrast, carry out stalk and swine waste marsh gas fermentation, the size of contrast gas production rate every day.
Material moisture should be controlled at 90 ~ 92%, pH and be neutrality or weakly alkaline, and material particular diameter is at 5 ~ 20mm.When anaerobically fermenting, microbial inoculum, the stalk of smashing, pig manure and tap water will fully be uniformly mixed.The end of collecting methane pipe is immersed in water.Fermentor tank is placed in 37 DEG C of thermostats, and from fermentation, stir 1-2 every day certainly.
By regulate the pH value of material with soda-lime or acetic acid.
Gas production rate size is shown in Fig. 1, visible stalk of the present invention and ight soil biogas fermentation pre-treatment microbiobacterial agent (No. 6 microbial inoculums) can promote stalk ight soil hybrid anaerobic fermentation process, shorten fermentation period (10-16 days), can accelerate the organic biological degradation of raw material, and the making method of microbial inoculum is simple, easy to implement, in unit raw material, micro-flora content is large, active high.Can be applicable to the fermentation of biogas fermentation enterprise for different ight soil and stalk, thereby make ight soil and stalk is innoxious, minimizing, resource utilization.
Finally, 5 kinds of microorganisms in No. 6 microorganism compatibilities are identified, it is respectively: Penicillum glaucum (
penicillium glaucum) 2 ~ 8 × 10
10cfu/g, Rhizopus oryzae (
rhizopus oryzae) 2 ~ 8 × 10
10cfu/g, Phanerochaete chrysosporium (
phanerochaete chrysosporium) 2 ~ 8 × 10
10cfu/g, flavus (
aspergillus flavus) 2 ~ 8 × 10
10cfu/g, spiral shell spore bacterium (
spirillospora) 2 ~ 8 × 10
10cfu/g.Be common bacterial classification.
Embodiment 3
The advantage microbial inoculum (No. 6 microorganisms of embodiment 2) filtering out according to gas production rate size, mixes with stalk by different ratios, carries out pre-treatment, puts into 37 DEG C of constant incubators, anaerobically fermenting.By the size of biogas amount, finally determine the optimum charging ratio (mass ratio) of microbial inoculum and stalk.
The mass ratio of dry bacteria and stalk is got respectively No. 1 1:1000, No. 2 1:500, No. 3 1:100, No. 4 1:50 and No. 5 1:20, wherein the unified 15g that adds of stalk.
Experiment shows: when the mass ratio of dry bacteria and stalk is 1:50, gas production rate is the highest.Therefore, selecting 1:50 is optimum charging ratio.
Claims (5)
1. stalk and an ight soil biogas fermentation pre-treatment microbiobacterial agent, is characterized in that, is jointly made up of: Penicillum glaucum 2 ~ 8 × 10 following bacterial classification
10cfu/g, Rhizopus oryzae 2 ~ 8 × 10
10cfu/g, Phanerochaete chrysosporium 2 ~ 8 × 10
10cfu/g, flavus 2 ~ 8 × 10
10cfu/g, spiral shell spore bacterium 2 ~ 8 × 10
10cfu/g.
2. the fermentation process of stalk claimed in claim 1 and ight soil biogas fermentation pre-treatment microbiobacterial agent, its feature is specific as follows:
1) glucose is dissolved in water, then adds microbial inoculum fully to stir evenly, microbial inoculum is melted, then diluent is evenly splashed on stalk, and fully stir evenly;
2) stalk after treatment step 1) is dropped in fermentor tank, add ight soil, carry out the producing methane through anaerobic fermentation of stalk and ight soil;
Wherein, the part by weight of material composition: ight soil 20% ~ 25%, stalk 1% ~ 2%, glucose 0.01% ~ 0.02%, microbiobacterial agent 0.01% ~ 0.02%, tap water 70% ~ 80%; Material total moisture should be controlled at 90 ~ 92%, pH and be neutrality or weakly alkaline, and material particular diameter is at 5 ~ 20mm.
3. the compost method of stalk according to claim 2 and ight soil hybrid composting microbiobacterial agent, is characterized in that: by regulate the pH value of material with soda-lime or acetic acid.
4. the compost method of stalk according to claim 2 and ight soil hybrid composting microbiobacterial agent, is characterized in that: leavening temperature is 37 DEG C, and stir 1-2 every day.
5. the compost method of stalk according to claim 2 and ight soil hybrid composting microbiobacterial agent, is characterized in that: the mass ratio of microbiobacterial agent and stalk is 1:50.
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Cited By (4)
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CN105543287A (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2016-05-04 | 齐芳 | Treatment method for preparing methane from brewing wastewater |
CN109328514A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-02-15 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | A kind of saline and alkali land improvement method and its application |
CN110002706A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-12 | 上海舒圣投资管理有限公司 | A kind of pig farm excreta method for innocent treatment |
CN113088464A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-09 | 张掖兰标生物科技有限公司 | Efficient microbial compound microbial inoculum for decomposing and treating feces and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105543287A (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2016-05-04 | 齐芳 | Treatment method for preparing methane from brewing wastewater |
CN109328514A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-02-15 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | A kind of saline and alkali land improvement method and its application |
CN109328514B (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2021-11-30 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | Saline-alkali soil improvement method and application thereof |
CN110002706A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-12 | 上海舒圣投资管理有限公司 | A kind of pig farm excreta method for innocent treatment |
CN110002706B (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2022-08-16 | 上海舒圣投资管理有限公司 | Harmless treatment method for excrement of pig farm |
CN113088464A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-09 | 张掖兰标生物科技有限公司 | Efficient microbial compound microbial inoculum for decomposing and treating feces and preparation method thereof |
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