CN105462479B - 一种环保型耐候自分层单组分防水涂料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种环保型耐候自分层单组分防水涂料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种环保型耐候自分层单组分防水涂料，所述的防水涂料包括以下原料组分：水性聚氨酯乳液、水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液、杀菌剂、消泡剂。所述防水涂料的原料组分，以质量份计，含量为：水性聚氨酯乳液65~70份、水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液30~35份、杀菌剂0.2~0.4份、消泡剂0.5~1份。本发明防水涂料具有自分层特性，一次涂刷得到传统涂料多层涂刷后的性能，而且不会出现剥离现象，使用寿命可达70年。
Description
技术领域
本发明主要涉及一种防水涂料，可用于建筑外墙和顶板的防水，具体的涉及一种环保型耐候自分层单组分防水涂料，属于建筑防水涂料领域。
背景技术
防水涂料因其适用范围广，防水层整体性强等特点在防水材料中所占的比重越来越大。
然而目前市面上大部分的防水涂料都存在着一定的短板，很难同时满足我们对环保性能、施工简易程度、与基材粘结、物理性能、耐候性能等要求，特别是挥发性有机污染物的挥发，对环境和人体都有危害。
为了满足人们对防水涂料与基材粘结、物理性能、防水效果等的要求，需要对两种或两种以上涂料搭配使用，但这样的后果是：一方面致使施工成本成倍上涨，另一方面时间长了底涂、中涂、面涂之间附着力下降，耐候性等性能明显不足，涂层寿命缩短。
现有技术具有以下缺陷：（1）需要涂刷多层；（2）使用寿命较短；（3）物理性能差，断裂伸长率、拉伸强度、粘结强度较差；（4）不耐洗刷，且，耐候性差；（5）挥发有害有机物，污染环境，危害身体健康。
发明内容
针对以上情况，本发明提供一种环保型耐候自分层单组分防水材料及其制备方法，以实现以下发明目的：
1、使防水涂料具有自分层功能，实现一次涂刷得到传统涂料多层涂刷后的性能，延长使用寿命；
2、提高防水涂料的物理性能；
3、提高防水涂料的耐洗刷性能；
4、提高防水涂料的耐候性；
5、减少涂料的有机物挥发量，减少涂料对环境的污染。
为解决上述技术问题，采用以下技术方案：
一种环保型耐候自分层单组分防水涂料，所述的防水涂料包括以下原料组分：水性聚氨酯乳液、水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液、杀菌剂、消泡剂。
以下是对上述技术方案的进一步改进：
所述防水涂料的原料组分，以质量份计，含量为：水性聚氨酯乳液65~70份、水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液30~35份、杀菌剂0.2~0.4份、消泡剂0.5~1份。
所述防水涂料的原料组分，以质量份计，含量为：水性聚氨酯乳液70份、水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液30份、杀菌剂0.3份、消泡剂0.8份。
所述的水性聚氨酯乳液包括以下质量份的组分：聚醚二元醇 28~32份、聚醚三元醇 18~22份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯 20~24份、催化剂 0.2~0.4份、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸 2~2.5份、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯 1~1.5份、乳化剂 0.2~0.4份、去离子水 98~102份。
所述的水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液包括以下质量份的组分：羟基氟碳树脂 33~36份、IPDI 19~21份、催化剂 0.4~0.6份、DMPA 4.5~5份、中和剂 0.8~1.2份、二乙烯三胺2~2.5份、去离子水 98~102份、乳化剂 0.9~1.1份。
所述聚醚二元醇的相对分子质量为2000；
所述聚醚三元醇的型号为330N；
所述催化剂为T-12；
所述乳化剂为OP-10。
所述催化剂为T-12；所述中和剂为三乙胺；所述乳化剂为OP-10。
一种环保型耐候自分层单组分防水涂料的制备方法，所述的制备方法包括制取水性聚氨酯乳液、制取水性聚氨酯改性碳氟树脂乳液步骤。
所述的制取水性聚氨酯乳液：
将聚醚二元醇和聚醚三元醇加入三孔烧瓶，搅拌，升温至85±5℃；加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和催化剂在85±5℃条件下，反应1.5～2.5h；加入2,2-二羟甲基丙酸，在85±5℃条件下，反应2.5～3.5h；加入甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯，在85±5℃条件下，反应1.5～2.5h；冷却，加入乳化剂和去离子水，分散。
所述的制取水性聚氨酯改性碳氟树脂乳液：
将羟基氟碳树脂、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和催化剂混合，85±5℃恒温反应1.5～2.5h；加入2,2-二羟甲基丙酸，搅拌反应2.5～3.5h；降温至35±5℃，加入中和剂，搅拌30±5min，加入丙酮，再加入二乙烯三胺，加入去离子水总量的一半，升温至85±5℃反应1.5～2.5h；脱去丙酮，加入乳化剂，加入剩余的一半去离子水，搅拌反应1.5～2.5h。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明防水涂料具有自分层特性，一次涂刷得到传统涂料多层涂刷后的性能，而且不会出现剥离现象，使用寿命可达70年；
2、本发明防水涂料具有优良的物理性能：断裂伸长率为470～520%，拉伸强度达6.8～7.0MPa，粘结强度为2.3～2.4MPa；
3、本发明防水涂料具有优异的耐候性：低温性能-35℃无裂纹，耐沾污性能好，小于8%，耐洗刷性能耗，耐洗次数大于20000次，酸、碱、人工气候老化处理后性能保持率高；
4、本发明防水涂料不会挥发出有机化合物，无污染，为环境友好型涂料。
本发明防水涂料利用氟碳树脂和聚氨酯树脂表面张力不同，在以水为介质的混合体系成膜过程中相分离、迁移，达到一次涂刷获得类似多层涂料性能的特性。
具体实施方式
实施例1 一种环保型耐候自分层单组分防水涂料
一、防水涂料的原料
所述防水涂料的原料，以质量份计，包括：水性聚氨酯乳液65份、水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液35份、杀菌剂0.3份、消泡剂1份。
（1）所述的水性聚氨酯乳液包括以下质量份的组分：
聚醚二元醇 30份、聚醚三元醇 20份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯 22份、催化剂0.3份、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸 2.5份、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯 1份、乳化剂0.3份、去离子水100份；
所述聚醚二元醇的相对分子质量为2000；
所述聚醚三元醇的型号为330N；
所述催化剂为T-12；
所述乳化剂为OP-10。
（2）所述的水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液包括以下质量份的组分：
羟基氟碳树脂35份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯 20份、催化剂 0.5份、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸 4.5份、中和剂 1份、二乙烯三胺2.5份、去离子水 100份、乳化剂 1份；
所述催化剂为T-12；
所述中和剂为三乙胺；
所述乳化剂为OP-10。
（3）所述杀菌剂型号为A266，购自山东潍坊大东化工有限公司；
（4）所述消泡剂型号为A10，购自巴斯夫股份公司。
二、防水涂料的制备方法
所述防水涂料的制备方法：
步骤1、制取水性聚氨酯乳液
（1）按配方比例称取聚醚二元醇、聚醚三元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、催化剂、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、乳化剂、去离子水；
（2）将聚醚二元醇和聚醚三元醇加入三孔烧瓶，以800r/min搅拌；
（3）给三孔烧瓶加热，升温至85℃；加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和催化剂在85℃条件下，反应2h；
（4）加入2,2-二羟甲基丙酸，控制在85℃条件下，反应3h；
然后加入甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯，控制在85℃条件下，恒温反应2h，以达到封端—NCO的效果；
（5）自然冷却降温至20℃，加入乳化剂和去离子水，以2000r/min高速分散1h，得到水性聚氨酯乳液。
步骤2、制取水性聚氨酯改性碳氟树脂乳液
（1）按配方比例称取羟基氟碳树脂、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、催化剂、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸、中和剂、二乙烯三胺、去离子水、乳化剂；
（2）将羟基氟碳树脂、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和催化剂混合，以800r/min搅拌，使混合物均匀；
（3）将上述混合物升温至85℃恒温反应2h；
（4）加入2,2-二羟甲基丙酸，搅拌，反应3h；降温至35℃，加入中和剂，800r/min搅拌30min；
（5）加入少量丙酮，调低粘度；加入二乙烯三胺，加入去离子水总量的一半，升温至85℃反应2h；
（6）脱去丙酮：采用真空度-0.09MPa、恒温85℃、800r/min搅拌30min的条件，至脱去丙酮；
加入乳化剂，缓慢加入剩余的一半去离子水，并以2000r/min高速搅拌，乳化反应2h，得到水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液。
步骤3、制得成品
称取水性聚氨酯乳液、水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液、杀菌剂、消泡剂；
将水性聚氨酯乳液和水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液、杀菌剂、消泡剂混合，以800r/min搅拌30min；
分散均匀，制得成品。
实施例2 一种环保型耐候自分层单组分防水涂料
一、防水涂料的原料
所述防水涂料的原料，以质量份计，包括：水性聚氨酯乳液70份、水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液30份、杀菌剂0.3份、消泡剂0.8份。
（1）所述的水性聚氨酯乳液包括以下质量份的组分：
聚醚二元醇 30份、聚醚三元醇 20份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯 22份、催化剂0.3份、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸 2份、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯 1.5份、乳化剂 0.3份、去离子水100份；
所述聚醚二元醇的相对分子质量为2000；
所述聚醚三元醇的型号为330N；
所述催化剂为T-12；
所述乳化剂为OP-10。
（2）所述的水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液包括以下质量份的组分：
羟基氟碳树脂 35份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯 20份、催化剂 0.5份、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸 5份、中和剂 1份、二乙烯三胺 2份、去离子水 100份、乳化剂 1份；
所述催化剂为T-12；
所述中和剂为三乙胺；
所述乳化剂为OP-10。
（3）所述杀菌剂型号为A266，购自山东潍坊大东化工有限公司；
（4）所述消泡剂型号为A10，购自巴斯夫股份公司。
二、防水涂料的制备方法
所述防水涂料的制备方法：
步骤1、制取水性聚氨酯乳液
（1）按配方比例称取聚醚二元醇、聚醚三元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、催化剂、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、乳化剂、去离子水；
（2）将聚醚二元醇和聚醚三元醇加入三孔烧瓶，以800r/min搅拌；
（3）给三孔烧瓶加热，升温至85℃；加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和催化剂在85℃条件下，反应2h；
（4）加入2,2-二羟甲基丙酸，控制在85℃条件下，反应3h；
然后加入甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯，控制在85℃条件下，恒温反应2h，以达到封端—NCO的效果；
（5）自然冷却降温至20℃，加入乳化剂和去离子水，以2000r/min高速分散1h，得到水性聚氨酯乳液。
步骤2、制取水性聚氨酯改性碳氟树脂乳液
（1）按配方比例称取羟基氟碳树脂、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、催化剂、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸、中和剂、二乙烯三胺、去离子水、乳化剂；
（2）将羟基氟碳树脂、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和催化剂混合，以800r/min搅拌，使混合物均匀；
（3）将上述混合物升温至85℃恒温反应2h；
（4）加入2,2-二羟甲基丙酸，搅拌，反应3h；降温至35℃，加入中和剂，800r/min搅拌30min；
（5）加入少量丙酮，调低粘度；加入二乙烯三胺，加入去离子水总量的一半，升温至85℃反应2h；
（6）脱去丙酮：采用真空度-0.09MPa、恒温85℃、800r/min搅拌30min的条件，至脱去丙酮；
加入乳化剂，缓慢加入剩余的一半去离子水，并以2000r/min高速搅拌，乳化反应2h，得到水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液。
步骤3、制得成品
称取水性聚氨酯乳液、水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液、杀菌剂、消泡剂；
将水性聚氨酯乳液和水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液、杀菌剂、消泡剂混合，以800r/min搅拌30min；
分散均匀，制得成品。
实验结果：
对上述实施例产品进行性能检测，检测方法有GB/T16777-2008，GB/T9266-2009，GB/T9780-2013，JC1066-2008。
实施例1-2的性能检测结果见表1；
表1 性能测试结果
由表1可见，本发明防水涂料具有一次涂刷达到传统防水涂料多层涂刷的性能；具体为：
拉伸强度达6.8～7.0MPa，断裂伸长率为470～520%；
低温-35℃无裂纹，不透水性可达0.3MPa，120min不透水；
粘结强度为2.3～2.4MPa；
吸水率为0.1%；
耐洗刷性好，可耐洗刷大于20000次；
耐沾污性能：小于8%；
本发明防水涂料，未检测出挥发性有机化合物，环保无污染；
人工气候老化1000h后，拉伸强度保持率为99%；断裂伸长率为465～517%； 低温弯折性能好：-35℃，无裂纹；
经2%H2SO4溶液168h的酸处理后，拉伸强度保持率为100%，断裂伸长率为472～523%；温弯折性能好：-35℃，无裂纹；
经0.1%NaOH和饱和Ca（CO3）2溶液168h的碱处理后，拉伸强度保持率为100～101%，断裂伸长率为468～521%；温弯折性能好：-35℃，无裂纹；
上述百分数均为质量百分数。
以上仅为本发明实施例的几个实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明实施例，凡在本发明实施例的精神和原理之内，所做的任何修改、同等替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明实施例的保护范围之类。
Claims (6)
1.一种环保型耐候自分层单组分防水涂料，其特征在于：所述的防水涂料包括以下原料组分：水性聚氨酯乳液、水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液、杀菌剂、消泡剂；
所述防水涂料的原料组分，以质量份计，含量为：水性聚氨酯乳液65~70份、水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液30~35份、杀菌剂0.2~0.4份、消泡剂0.5~1份；
所述的水性聚氨酯乳液包括以下质量份的组分：聚醚二元醇 28~32份、聚醚三元醇18~22份、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯 20~24份、催化剂 0.2~0.4份、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸 2~2.5份、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯 1~1.5份、乳化剂0.2~0.4份、去离子水98~102份；
所述的水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液包括以下质量份的组分：羟基氟碳树脂 33~36份、IPDI 19~21份、催化剂 0.4~0.6份、DMPA 4.5~5份、中和剂 0.8~1.2份、二乙烯三胺2~2.5份、去离子水 98~102份、乳化剂 0.9~1.1份；
所述聚醚二元醇的相对分子质量为2000；
所述聚醚三元醇的型号为330N；
所述催化剂为T-12；
所述乳化剂为OP-10。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种环保型耐候自分层单组分防水涂料，其特征在于：所述防水涂料的原料组分，以质量份计，含量为：水性聚氨酯乳液70份、水性聚氨酯改性氟碳树脂乳液30份、杀菌剂0.3份、消泡剂0.8份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种环保型耐候自分层单组分防水涂料，其特征在于：所述中和剂为三乙胺。
4.一种如权利要求1所述的环保型耐候自分层单组分防水涂料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的制备方法包括制取水性聚氨酯乳液、制取水性聚氨酯改性碳氟树脂乳液步骤。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种环保型耐候自分层单组分防水涂料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的制取水性聚氨酯乳液：
将聚醚二元醇和聚醚三元醇加入三孔烧瓶，搅拌，升温至85±5℃；加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和催化剂在85±5℃条件下，反应1.5～2.5h；加入2,2-二羟甲基丙酸，在85±5℃条件下，反应2.5～3.5h；加入甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯，在85±5℃条件下，反应1.5～2.5h；冷却，加入乳化剂和去离子水，分散。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种环保型耐候自分层单组分防水涂料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的制取水性聚氨酯改性碳氟树脂乳液：
将羟基氟碳树脂、IPDI和催化剂混合，85±5℃恒温反应1.5～2.5h；加入DMPA，搅拌反应2.5～3.5h；降温至35±5℃，加入中和剂，搅拌30±5min，加入丙酮，再加入二乙烯三胺，加入去离子水总量的一半，升温至85±5℃反应1.5～2.5h；脱去丙酮，加入乳化剂，加入剩余的一半去离子水，搅拌反应1.5～2.5h。
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