CN105456648A - 一种复方五藤消痛贴 - Google Patents

一种复方五藤消痛贴 Download PDF

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CN105456648A
CN105456648A CN201610038768.7A CN201610038768A CN105456648A CN 105456648 A CN105456648 A CN 105456648A CN 201610038768 A CN201610038768 A CN 201610038768A CN 105456648 A CN105456648 A CN 105456648A
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马武开
姚血明
周静
梁江
宁乔怡
唐芳
徐晖
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Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Abstract

一种复方五藤消痛贴由下述份量的原料药制成,具体包括大血藤80,鸡血藤80,青风藤80,雷公藤45,黑骨藤45,乳香50,没药50,地龙40,蚤休40,冰片20,薄荷脑20。本发明具有消肿止痛,祛风除湿,活血化瘀的功效;用于预防和治疗骨关节炎等各种关节炎,有明显效果。

Description

一种复方五藤消痛贴
技术领域
本发明属于中药领域,涉及一种治疗骨关节炎的外用贴剂。
背景技术
骨关节炎一种以关节软骨退行性改变为核心,累及骨质,并包括骨膜、关节软骨及关节其它结构的全方位、多层次、不同程度的慢性炎症,具体病因尚不全明了,病变常累及整个关节和周围组织并由此引起关节疼痛、僵直、畸形和关节障碍。国外调查指出,有明显骨关节炎X线证据者,在45-64岁年龄组中,男性占25%,女性占30%;而在65岁以上年龄组中,男性上升为58%,女性上升为65%。我国临床调查也证实,骨关节炎的发生率在59-69岁之间占29%,而在75岁或以上的占70%。1999年世界卫生组织把OA与心血管疾病及癌症列为危害人类健康的三大杀手,随着人口老龄化程度的加深,这一问题将会愈加突出。现代医学采用口服非甾抗炎药(NSAIDS)及镇静剂、局部激素注射、手术治疗、激光疗法、冲击波疗法等手段来治疗本病。与西医疗法相比较,祖国医学在治疗OA方面有着悠久的历史,积累了丰富的治疗经验,特别是在中医外治方面,更是独树一帜,临床上有着疗效高、治疗成本低、创伤小、患者愿意接受的特点。中药是治疗骨关节炎常用而有效的治疗方法之一。
骨关节炎属中医学“痹证”范畴,又有称“历节病”、“白虎病”、“骨痹”等,传统中医药对其治疗的研究已有上千年的历史,在临床实践中我们体会到大多数骨关节炎存在“血瘀”证候。唐代王焘在《外台秘要》中说:“白虎病者,大都是风寒暑湿之毒,因虚所致,将摄失理,受此风邪,经脉结滞,血气不行,蓄于骨节之间……。”提出痹证与瘀血有直接关系;《杂病源流犀烛·诸痹源流》曰:“痹者,闭也,三气杂至,壅闭经络,气血不行,不能随时祛散,故久而为痹。”说明气血运行不畅是痹症的主要病理环节。“瘀血”不但包括现代研究的血液循环障碍所致的缺血、瘀血、出血、血栓和水肿等病理改变,还包括炎症所致的组织渗出、变性、坏死、萎缩或增生,以及代谢障碍所引起的组织病理反应等。现代医学研究表明,所有膝骨关节炎患者及动物模型中,都存在骨内高压和骨内静脉癖滞这两种病理改变。两者导致骨内动脉灌注减少,骨内血流动力状态改变以致氧供不足,酸性代谢产物增加。关节内高压还可使滑膜的血流量减少,静脉瘀积致使滑膜分泌酸性滑液,关节软骨因此而发生退变。黄涛等用结扎静脉的方法可以诱导出膝骨关节炎的动物模型,同时测得局部骨髓血红细胞压积升高,全血粘度、血浆粘度、纤维蛋白原等均较正常对照组升高,出现静脉癖滞。这说明血液的流动性减小,使血液的粘滞性增加,浓稠度增大,凝固性和聚集性增强,血液流变学的变化又可进一步促使血液动力学异常,从而加重骨关节炎的局部血液癖滞状况。这与“瘀血”这一病理存在于骨关节炎的认识是汇通的。临床研究也证明活血化瘀药能够明显缓解骨关节炎疼痛症状,改善软骨细胞的功能,促进新骨生成及修补。
中医药外治疗法是中国一种古老而可靠的治病方法。据清·吴尚先《理擒骄文》云:“外治之理,即内治之理,外治之药,亦即内治之药,所异者法耳。”即是说外治和内治用药机制相同,只是给药途径不同而已,中药外治法是中医治疗学的重要组成部分。它与内治法并重、并行,且能弥补内治法之不足。祖国医学认为,人体是不可分割的统一整体,脏腑与体表有着密不可分的联系,体表有病变可影响脏腑,而内脏病变也可在体表相关部位有所表现。“视其外应,以别其内脏”、“有诸内者,必形诸于外”,根据这一规律,外治疗法既可治疗身体外部病变,直接就近驱邪,又可通过体表吸收药物,达到内病外治的目的,而有效调整体内的脏腑功能。众多文献记载中药外治法途径是很丰富的,如泡、洗、薰、贴、敷、涂、擦、灸、气味(香枕、香垫、药袋佩戴等),以及敷脐、灸脐疗法等。贴敷疗法是把药物熬膏或成末调敷作用于身体一定部位或穴位的一种方法。贴敷药的配制一般是根据临床上有效的汤剂或丸剂改做的一种新剂型。如叶天士用平胃散炒热熨帖之法治疗痢疾;吴师机用养心膏治疗忧愁思虑伤心,用清肝膏治疗肝热等。因此,可以根据临床实际定夺方药,并不限于成方。骨关节炎属中医“历节风”、“白虎病”、“骨痹”范畴,是由于“风寒湿三气杂至”造成气血运行不畅,经脉阻滞而成。可以根据情况,采用活血通络、消肿止痛配合祛风除湿的治疗原则组方治疗,将药物制成散剂或膏剂,直接敷贴于患处的方法,可以借助药物的渗透力达到疗效,并且可以维持恒定持久治疗效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的是根据中医学理论,提供一种复方五藤消痛贴,利用中药的配伍实现缓解疼痛的目的。
一种复方五藤消痛贴,按照份量计,由下述原料药制成:大血藤50-100,鸡血藤50-100,青风藤50-100,雷公藤30-60,黑骨藤30-60,生乳香30-60,生没药30-60,地龙30-60,蚤休30-60,冰片10-40,薄荷脑10-35。
一种复方五藤消痛贴,按照份量计,由下述原料药制成:大血藤80,鸡血藤80,青风藤80,雷公藤45,黑骨藤45,乳香50,没药50,地龙40,蚤休40,冰片20,薄荷脑20。
所述消痛贴采用常规方法制成贴剂,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)按组成原料的重量份称取各原料,研磨粉碎,混合均匀,过滤,滤出细粉,干燥处理,备用;
(2)取上述细粉加入油桂油搅拌均匀,备用;
(3)将上述中药细粉撒在胶布中间,再用塑料薄膜,覆盖于胶布和药物上方,即可贴用。
本发明药材的药理药性及功效:
大血藤:性味苦,平;具有清热解毒,活血通络,祛风止痉的作用。
鸡血藤:味苦微甘、性温,归肝、心、肾经;具有活血舒筋,养血调经的功效;主治风湿痹痛,手足麻木,肢体瘫痪,月经不调,经行不畅,痛经,经闭,白细胞减少症;
青风藤:性平、味苦及辛;归肝、脾经;具有祛风湿、通经络及利小便的功效;主治风湿痹痛,关节肿胀,麻痹瘙痒;
雷公藤:味苦、辛,性凉,大毒;归肝、肾经;具有祛风除湿、通络止痛、消肿止痛、解毒杀虫;
黑骨藤:性苦、凉、有小毒;具有通经络、驱风湿、活血及消炎的作用;
乳香:性温、味辛、苦;归心、肝、脾经;具有活血行气止痛及消肿生肌的作用;
没药:味辛、苦,性平;归心、肝、脾经;具有散瘀定痛及消肿生肌的作用;
地龙:具有清热、镇痉、利尿、解毒、通行经络的功效;主治热病惊狂、小儿惊风、咳喘、头痛目赤、咽喉肿痛、小便不通、风湿关节疼痛,半身不遂等症;
蚤休:蚤休为百合科植物七叶一枝花、金线重楼及其数种同属植物的根茎;其功能有:清热解毒,平喘止咳,熄风定惊,消肿止血;主治:痈肿,疔疮,瘰疬,喉痹,慢性气管炎,小儿惊风抽搐,蛇虫咬伤,妇女经血不调,跌打损伤。
冰片:味辛苦,微寒;归心、肝、肺经;具有开窍醒神,清热散毒,明目退翳的功效;
薄荷脑:外用用于局部止痛,止痒,头痛,眩晕,蚊虫叮咬;滴鼻用于伤风鼻塞,吸入或喷雾用于咽喉炎;口服可以健胃。
本发明所述药方的功效在于:通过大血藤祛风通络、消肿止痹痛为君药;鸡血藤、青风藤祛风除湿、通经活络;雷公藤、黑骨藤通络止痛,利关节;乳香、没药活血定痛为臣药;地龙活血通络、蚤休清热解毒为佐药;冰片、薄荷脑辛香走窜、气浮上扬、彻上彻下、无处不达,能通雍塞、避秽浊、散热节、为使药。即本发明所述的消痛贴具有消肿止痛,祛风除湿,活血化瘀的功效;用于预防和治疗骨关节炎等各种关节炎,有明显效果。
具体实施方式
实施例1
按照份量计,称取大血藤100,鸡血藤100,青风藤100,雷公藤60,黑骨藤60,生乳香60,生没药60,地龙60,蚤休60,冰片40,薄荷脑35,按常规方法制成贴片。
实施例2
按照份量计,称取大血藤50,鸡血藤50,青风藤50,雷公藤30,黑骨藤30,生乳30,生没药30,地龙30,蚤休30,冰片10,薄荷脑10,按常规方法制成贴片。
实施例3
按照份量计,由下述原料药制成:大血藤80,鸡血藤80,青风藤80,雷公藤45,黑骨藤45,乳香50,没药50,地龙40,蚤休40,冰片20,薄荷脑20,按常规方法制成贴片。
典型病例一
张某,女,65岁,双膝关节肿痛数月,被医院诊断为骨关节炎,服用西药数日不见效,经人介绍使用本贴剂半月后,关节肿痛症状即消失。
典型病例二
李某,男,71岁,双膝关节间断性痛10余年,近半月双腿不能伸直,活动有障碍。曾经四处求医诊治,双膝却始终不见好转,确诊为骨炎关节。
经过本发明贴剂治疗14天,患者双膝关节肿胀、疼痛明显减轻,屈伸功能较前明显改善。四个疗程的药物后双膝关节肿痛消失,临床痊愈,患者活动自如。随访至今未有复发迹象。
典型病例三
谢某,男,45岁,反复双踝疼痛1年,在医院西医诊治服西药数周不见效果,后经人介绍使用本发明贴剂半月余,症状消失。
典型病例四
邓某,女,62岁,多年骨关节炎患者,10年前出现双膝关节肿痛,反复发作。早期有关节红肿热痛,晚期出现双膝功能障碍,并伴有骨和骨骼肌的萎缩。经过本发明贴剂治疗3月,患者双膝关节肿痛消失,临床痊愈,患者活动自如。随访至今未有复发迹象。
典型病例五
王某,男,66岁,间断双膝关节疼痛3年,近半年有加重趋势,在某中医院内服中药1月余不见效果,后使用本发明贴剂3月余,症状消失,临床痊愈。

Claims (3)

1.一种复方五藤消痛贴,其特征在于,按照份量计,由下述原料药制成:大血藤50-100,鸡血藤50-100,青风藤50-100,雷公藤30-60,黑骨藤30-60,生乳香30-60,生没药30-60,地龙30-60,蚤休30-60,冰片10-40,薄荷脑10-35。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种复方五藤消痛贴,其特征在于,按照份量计,由下述原料药制成:大血藤80,鸡血藤80,青风藤80,雷公藤45,黑骨藤45,乳香50,没药50,地龙40,蚤休40,冰片25,薄荷脑20。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种复方五藤消痛贴,其特征在于,制备复方五藤消痛贴的步骤为:
(1)按组成原料的重量份称取各原料,研磨粉碎,混合均匀,过滤,滤出细粉,干燥处理,备用;
(2)取上述细粉加入油桂油搅拌均匀,备用;
(3)将上述中药细粉撒在胶布中间,再用塑料薄膜,覆盖于胶布和药物上方,即可贴用。
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