CN105440476A - 一种塑料薄膜的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种塑料薄膜的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105440476A
CN105440476A CN201510842839.4A CN201510842839A CN105440476A CN 105440476 A CN105440476 A CN 105440476A CN 201510842839 A CN201510842839 A CN 201510842839A CN 105440476 A CN105440476 A CN 105440476A
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李莉玲
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种塑料薄膜的制备方法,原料中增加的无机填料碳酸钙晶须、氧化锌和六钛酸钾晶须能够增强PVC薄膜的塑性,同时在工艺中增加电聚合硫瑾,硫瑾在PVC流延膜片表面形成网状结构,能够有效增强薄膜的韧性,而抗静电处理直接采用浸泡的方式,使得该工艺过程更为高效,母料在混合之前,进行预热,温度为80℃,这样能够便于母料的高搅混合;母料中添加5%的纳米活性炭粉,这种纳米级的活性炭能够使得本发明的塑料薄膜具备高效的吸附性能;电聚合硫瑾的电源电压为交流电压,范围在-300-300V,这样能够加快硫瑾的聚合速度;ASA抗静电剂溶液的浓度为1.2%,这种浓度下能够有效的在薄膜表面形成抗静电膜。

Description

一种塑料薄膜的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及化学领域,特别是涉及一种塑料薄膜的制备方法。
背景技术
PVC薄膜可分为PVC软薄膜和PVC硬薄膜。其中硬PVC大约占市场的2/3,软PVC占1/3。软PVC一般用于地板、天花板以及皮革的表层,但由于软PVC中含有柔软剂(这也是软PVC与硬PVC的区别),容易变脆,不易保存,所以其使用范围受到了局限。硬PVC不含柔软剂,因此柔韧性好,易成型,不易脆,无毒无污染,保存时间长,因此具有很大的开发应用价值。目前市场上对于该种薄膜的生产工艺雷同于传统的薄膜生产工艺,这样不利于PVC薄膜性能的发挥。
发明内容
一种塑料薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,其步骤包括:
(1)无机填料偶联处理
碳酸钙晶须∶氧化锌∶六钛酸钾晶须重量配比为1∶1∶2,均匀混合的无机填料在偶联剂KH-550醇溶液中浸润处理,所得物料在鼓风烘箱内40-60℃处理2-3h,80℃处理烘干待用;
(2)母料制备
经偶联处理的混合无机填料50-70重量份与PVC颗粒20-30重量份经高搅共混,再经双螺杆挤出后制成母料,工艺参数为:螺杆转速为60-80r/min,模口温度为220-240℃;
(3)制流延膜片
将经过一次造粒的PVC粒料树脂80-100重量份,由(2)得到的母料8-10重量份供给给螺杆直径为10mm,长径比为40,并带有过滤装置的的双螺杆挤出机,熔融塑化温度为280-320℃的,T型模头温度280-310℃,向表面温度为25-30℃的施加静电荷冷辊输送的同时进行密合冷却固化,制造未拉伸的PVC流延膜片;
(4)电聚合硫瑾
将制成的流延膜片放入电解池中,电解液为2.5mol/L的硫瑾溶液,在电极的正负极接入电源,持续5-10分钟,再将流延膜片取出烘干,烘干温度为40-50℃;
(5)成膜
使用纵向拉伸机在100-113℃下在膜的纵向方向上以1.5-2.7倍的倍率进行拉伸;然后引向拉幅机,在100-113℃下,在宽度方向上进行1.5-2.7倍拉伸,在150-173℃进行30-60s的热处理后,进行第二次纵、横向拉伸和热处理,拉伸温度110-130℃,拉伸倍率1.2-2.3,热处理温度110-165℃,时间1.5-2min,最后冷却至室温,得到双向拉伸PVC薄膜产品;
(6)抗静电处理
将所得的PVC薄膜浸入到0.5-2.0%的ASA抗静电剂溶液中,持续10-20分钟,然后取出干燥即为成品。
优选的,步骤(1)采用的碳酸钙晶须平均长度2.5μm,长径比8,氧化锌平均粒径为0.15μm,六钛酸钾晶须平均直径为0.85μm,平均长度25μm。
优选的,步骤(2)中母料在混合之前,进行预热,温度为80℃。
优选的,步骤(2)母料中添加5%的纳米活性炭粉。
优选的,步骤(4)中电聚合硫瑾的电源电压为交流电压,范围在-300-300V。
优选的,步骤(5)中ASA抗静电剂溶液的浓度为1.2%。
有益效果:本发明提供了一种塑料薄膜的制备方法,原料中增加的无机填料碳酸钙晶须、氧化锌和六钛酸钾晶须能够增强PVC薄膜的塑性,同时在工艺中增加电聚合硫瑾,硫瑾在PVC流延膜片表面形成网状结构,能够有效增强薄膜的韧性,而抗静电处理直接采用浸泡的方式,使得该工艺过程更为高效,本发明中采用的碳酸钙晶须平均长度2.5μm,长径比8,氧化锌平均粒径为0.15μm,六钛酸钾晶须平均直径为0.85μm,平均长度25μm,由此这些无机填料均是纳米级,这样使得无机填料的各项机能得到提高;母料在混合之前,进行预热,温度为80℃,这样能够便于母料的高搅混合;母料中添加5%的纳米活性炭粉,这种纳米级的活性炭能够使得本发明的塑料薄膜具备高效的吸附性能;电聚合硫瑾的电源电压为交流电压,范围在-300-300V,这样能够加快硫瑾的聚合速度;ASA抗静电剂溶液的浓度为1.2%,这种浓度下能够有效的在薄膜表面形成抗静电膜。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体实施方式,进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1:
一种塑料薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,其步骤包括:
(1)无机填料偶联处理
碳酸钙晶须∶氧化锌∶六钛酸钾晶须重量配比为1∶1∶2,采用的碳酸钙晶须平均长度2.5μm,长径比8,氧化锌平均粒径为0.15μm,六钛酸钾晶须平均直径为0.85μm,平均长度25μm,均匀混合的无机填料在偶联剂KH-550醇溶液中浸润处理,所得物料在鼓风烘箱内40℃处理2h,80℃处理烘干待用;
(2)母料制备
母料中添加5%的纳米活性炭粉,经偶联处理的混合无机填料50重量份与PVC颗粒20重量份经高搅共混,母料在混合之前,进行预热,温度为80℃,再经双螺杆挤出后制成母料,工艺参数为:螺杆转速为60r/min,模口温度为220℃;
(3)制流延膜片
将经过一次造粒的PVC粒料树脂80重量份,由(2)得到的母料8重量份供给给螺杆直径为10mm,长径比为40,并带有过滤装置的的双螺杆挤出机,熔融塑化温度为280℃的,T型模头温度280℃,向表面温度为25℃的施加静电荷冷辊输送的同时进行密合冷却固化,制造未拉伸的PVC流延膜片;
(4)电聚合硫瑾
将制成的流延膜片放入电解池中,电解液为2.5mol/L的硫瑾溶液,在电极的正负极接入电源,电聚合硫瑾的电源电压为交流电压,范围在-300-300V,持续5分钟,再将流延膜片取出烘干,烘干温度为40℃;
(5)成膜
使用纵向拉伸机在100℃下在膜的纵向方向上以1.5倍的倍率进行拉伸;然后引向拉幅机,在100℃下,在宽度方向上进行1.5倍拉伸,在150℃进行30s的热处理后,进行第二次纵、横向拉伸和热处理,拉伸温度110℃,拉伸倍率1.2,热处理温度110℃,时间1.5min,最后冷却至室温,得到双向拉伸PVC薄膜产品;
(6)抗静电处理
将所得的PVC薄膜浸入到1.2%的ASA抗静电剂溶液中,持续10分钟,然后取出干燥即为成品。
实施例2:
一种塑料薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,其步骤包括:
(1)无机填料偶联处理
碳酸钙晶须∶氧化锌∶六钛酸钾晶须重量配比为1∶1∶2,采用的碳酸钙晶须平均长度2.5μm,长径比8,氧化锌平均粒径为0.15μm,六钛酸钾晶须平均直径为0.85μm,平均长度25μm,均匀混合的无机填料在偶联剂KH-550醇溶液中浸润处理;所得物料在鼓风烘箱内55℃处理2.5h,80℃处理烘干待用;
(2)母料制备
母料中添加5%的纳米活性炭粉,经偶联处理的混合无机填料65重量份与PVC颗粒27重量份经高搅共混,母料在混合之前,进行预热,温度为80℃,再经双螺杆挤出后制成母料,工艺参数为:螺杆转速为68r/min,模口温度为235℃;
(3)制流延膜片
将经过一次造粒的PVC粒料树脂100重量份,由(2)得到的母料10重量份供给给螺杆直径为10mm,长径比为40,并带有过滤装置的的双螺杆挤出机,熔融塑化温度为295℃的,T型模头温度300℃,向表面温度为28℃的施加静电荷冷辊输送的同时进行密合冷却固化,制造未拉伸的PVC流延膜片;
(4)电聚合硫瑾
将制成的流延膜片放入电解池中,电解液为2.5mol/L的硫瑾溶液,在电极的正负极接入电源,电聚合硫瑾的电源电压为交流电压,范围在-300-300V,持续8分钟,再将流延膜片取出烘干,烘干温度为46℃;
(5)成膜
使用纵向拉伸机在105℃下在膜的纵向方向上以2.3倍的倍率进行拉伸,然后引向拉幅机,在105℃下,在宽度方向上进行2.3倍拉伸,在160℃进行40s的热处理后,进行第二次纵、横向拉伸和热处理,拉伸温度115℃,拉伸倍率1.5,热处理温度135℃,时间1.8min,最后冷却至室温,得到双向拉伸PVC薄膜产品;
(6)抗静电处理
将所得的PVC薄膜浸入到1.2%的ASA抗静电剂溶液中,持续15分钟,然后取出干燥即为成品。
实施例3:
一种塑料薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,其步骤包括:
(1)无机填料偶联处理
碳酸钙晶须∶氧化锌∶六钛酸钾晶须重量配比为1∶1∶2,采用的碳酸钙晶须平均长度2.5μm,长径比8,氧化锌平均粒径为0.15μm,六钛酸钾晶须平均直径为0.85μm,平均长度25μm,均匀混合的无机填料在偶联剂KH-550醇溶液中浸润处理;所得物料在鼓风烘箱内60℃处理2-3h,80℃处理烘干待用。
(2)母料制备
母料中添加5%的纳米活性炭粉,经偶联处理的混合无机填料70重量份与PVC颗粒30重量份经高搅共混,母料在混合之前,进行预热,温度为80℃,再经双螺杆挤出后制成母料,工艺参数为:螺杆转速为80r/min,模口温度为240℃;
(3)制流延膜片
将经过一次造粒的PVC粒料树脂80重量份,由(2)得到的母料10重量份供给给螺杆直径为10mm,长径比为40,并带有过滤装置的的双螺杆挤出机,熔融塑化温度为320℃的,T型模头温度310℃,向表面温度为30℃的施加静电荷冷辊输送的同时进行密合冷却固化,制造未拉伸的PVC流延膜片;
(4)电聚合硫瑾
将制成的流延膜片放入电解池中,电解液为2.5mol/L的硫瑾溶液,在电极的正负极接入电源,电聚合硫瑾的电源电压为交流电压,范围在-300-300V,持续10分钟,再将流延膜片取出烘干,烘干温度为50℃;
(5)成膜
使用纵向拉伸机在113℃下在膜的纵向方向上以2.7倍的倍率进行拉伸;然后引向拉幅机,在113℃下,在宽度方向上进行2.7倍拉伸,在173℃进60s的热处理后,进行第二次纵、横向拉伸和热处理,拉伸温度130℃,拉伸倍率2.3,热处理温度165℃,时间2min,最后冷却至室温,得到双向拉伸PVC薄膜产品;
(6)抗静电处理
将所得的PVC薄膜浸入到1.2%的ASA抗静电剂溶液中,持续20分钟,然后取出干燥即为成品。
根据上述表格数据可以得出,当实施实施例2参数时,得到的塑料薄膜,其密度为1.38g/cm3,水汽透过量为1.5g/(cm2.24h),氧气透过量为18cm3/(cm2.24h),拉伸强度为67MPa,而现有技术标准为密度为1.56g/cm3,水汽透过量为2.2g/(cm2.24h),氧气透过量为23cm3/(cm2.24h),拉伸强度为48MPa,相较而言本发明具有显著地优越性。
本发明提供了一种塑料薄膜的制备方法,原料中增加的无机填料碳酸钙晶须、氧化锌和六钛酸钾晶须能够增强PVC薄膜的塑性,同时在工艺中增加电聚合硫瑾,硫瑾在PVC流延膜片表面形成网状结构,能够有效增强薄膜的韧性,而抗静电处理直接采用浸泡的方式,使得该工艺过程更为高效,本发明中采用的碳酸钙晶须平均长度2.5μm,长径比8,氧化锌平均粒径为0.15μm,六钛酸钾晶须平均直径为0.85μm,平均长度25μm,由此这些无机填料均是纳米级,这样使得无机填料的各项机能得到提高;母料在混合之前,进行预热,温度为80℃,这样能够便于母料的高搅混合;母料中添加5%的纳米活性炭粉,这种纳米级的活性炭能够使得本发明的塑料薄膜具备高效的吸附性能;电聚合硫瑾的电源电压为交流电压,范围在-300-300V,这样能够加快硫瑾的聚合速度;ASA抗静电剂溶液的浓度为1.2%,这种浓度下能够有效的在薄膜表面形成抗静电膜。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种塑料薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,其步骤包括:
(1)无机填料偶联处理
碳酸钙晶须∶氧化锌∶六钛酸钾晶须重量配比为1∶1∶2,均匀混合的无机填料在偶联剂KH-550醇溶液中浸润处理,所得物料在鼓风烘箱内40-60℃处理2-3h,80℃处理烘干待用;
(2)母料制备
经偶联处理的混合无机填料50-70重量份与PVC颗粒20-30重量份经高搅共混,再经双螺杆挤出后制成母料,工艺参数为:螺杆转速为60-80r/min,模口温度为220-240℃;
(3)制流延膜片
将经过一次造粒的PVC粒料树脂80-100重量份,由(2)得到的母料8-10重量份供给给螺杆直径为10mm,长径比为40,并带有过滤装置的的双螺杆挤出机,熔融塑化温度为280-320℃的,T型模头温度280-310℃,向表面温度为25-30℃的施加静电荷冷辊输送的同时进行密合冷却固化,制造未拉伸的PVC流延膜片;
(4)电聚合硫瑾
将制成的流延膜片放入电解池中,电解液为2.5mol/L的硫瑾溶液,在电极的正负极接入电源,持续5-10分钟,再将流延膜片取出烘干,烘干温度为40-50℃;
(5)成膜
使用纵向拉伸机在100-113℃下在膜的纵向方向上以1.5-2.7倍的倍率进行拉伸;然后引向拉幅机,在100-113℃下,在宽度方向上进行1.5-2.7倍拉伸,在150-173℃进行30-60s的热处理后,进行第二次纵、横向拉伸和热处理,拉伸温度110-130℃,拉伸倍率1.2-2.3,热处理温度110-165℃,时间1.5-2min,最后冷却至室温,得到双向拉伸PVC薄膜产品;
(6)抗静电处理
将所得的PVC薄膜浸入到0.5-2.0%的ASA抗静电剂溶液中,持续10-20分钟,然后取出干燥即为成品。
2.一种权利要求1所述的塑料薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)采用的碳酸钙晶须平均长度2.5μm,长径比8,氧化锌平均粒径为0.15μm,六钛酸钾晶须平均直径为0.85μm,平均长度25μm。
3.一种权利要求1所述的塑料薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中母料在混合之前,进行预热,温度为80℃。
4.一种权利要求1所述的塑料薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)母料中添加5%的纳米活性炭粉。
5.一种权利要求1所述的塑料薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中电聚合硫瑾的电源电压为交流电压,范围在-300-300V。
6.一种权利要求1所述的塑料薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)中ASA抗静电剂溶液的浓度为1.2%。
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