CN105424360A - Detection method for transmission accuracy of rotary motion - Google Patents
Detection method for transmission accuracy of rotary motion Download PDFInfo
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- CN105424360A CN105424360A CN201510852438.7A CN201510852438A CN105424360A CN 105424360 A CN105424360 A CN 105424360A CN 201510852438 A CN201510852438 A CN 201510852438A CN 105424360 A CN105424360 A CN 105424360A
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- output terminal
- error
- light
- autocollimator
- circular gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/021—Gearings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
Abstract
The invention relates to a detection method for transmission accuracy of rotary motion. High-precision measurement of transmission accuracy of a transmission system is realized by employing structures of a circular grating measurement module and an autocollimation unit simultaneously. The circular grating measurement module can measure a transmission error of the transmission system precisely but the autocollimation unit can not measure a transmission error component caused by an eccentric error of the output terminal. However, on the basis of simultaneous utilization of the circular grating measurement module and the autocollimation unit, the total transmission error of the system can be measured precisely and the transmission error caused by the eccentric error of the output terminal can be effectively extracted and thus the eccentric error of the output terminal can be obtained. Therefore, processes of designing, manufacturing, and assembling of the rotary transmission system can be guided and thus the basis can be provided for improving the transmission precision of the rotary transmission system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pick-up unit, particularly relate to a kind of detection method of gyration transmission accuracy.
Background technology
The device of the transmission accuracy of existing detection gyration, as Circular gratings and autocollimator etc., also invention is had to solve the problem of the transmission accuracy detecting gyration, as application number " CN201410034893 " name in Chinese invention patent application prospectus is called " accurate retarding machine drive error testing system ", this test macro comprises accurate retarding machine experimental apparatus for testing and software system, its design feature utilizes two high accuracy circular gratings to record the angular signal of reductor input end and output terminal respectively, left Circular gratings, tested reductor, right Circular gratings is separately fixed on three supports, these three supports are positioned in same precise guide rail, the distance of three supports can adjust along guide rail, the depth of parallelism of three can be ensured, left Circular gratings and right Circular gratings connect tested reductor input end and output terminal respectively by accurate shaft coupling, the angular signal that Circular gratings is measured is transferred in computing machine by data collecting card, by the testing software of independent development, the signal collected is processed, its software is the testing software of exploitation based on Windows operating system, by multi-communication agreement interface image data, the corner collected by input end converts output terminal by ratio of gear, the corner collected with output terminal does difference, draw driving error curve map, and determine the driving error maximal value of a period of motion thus, in Chinese invention patent application prospectus, application number " CN201310684134 " name is called " a kind of method of prototype gear driving error ", a kind of method of prototype gear driving error of this disclosure of the invention, first obtained the angular velocity of driving gear by the measurement of an angular velocity scrambler, and then try to achieve angular displacement, then carry it in kinetics equation, by corresponding calculating, can try to achieve the driving error of gear, its cardinal principle utilizes angular encoder to survey main drive gear angular velocity, converted by kinetics equation and other formula, then compare the driving error obtaining gear with theoretical value, application number " CN201410182373 " " a kind of gear-driven accuracy is test bed " in Chinese invention patent application prospectus, this invention is by the height and position of vertical ball-screw adjustment criteria gear, by the horizontal level of horizontal ball screw adjustment criteria gear, ensure that master gear engages with the accurate of tested gear, achieved 90 degree of upsets of master gear by switching mechanism easily, meet the transmission accuracy test of cylindrical gear or bevel gear, gathered the signal produced in master gear and tested gears meshing rotation process by hollow scrambler, achieving driving error between gear is worth test, realizes the simulation of no-load condition and loading condition, improves the authenticity of gear-driven accuracy test.
Above-mentioned prior art weak point: above-mentioned three kinds of patents of invention can realize detection kinematic train being carried out to driving error, but all can not isolate the driving error composition caused by eccentric error of kinematic train output terminal, and obtain the eccentric error of kinematic train output terminal.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of detection method of gyration transmission accuracy, the Circular gratings measurement module that this detection method adopts precision suitable simultaneously and autocollimator carry out precision measurement to gear train assembly, solve the driving error composition caused by eccentric error that existing pick-up unit can not isolate gear train assembly output terminal, gear train assembly total transmission error accurately can not only be obtained, gear train assembly output terminal eccentric error can also be isolated.
The present invention is realized by following steps,
First the light that sends of the light source of Circular gratings measurement module (1), directional light is become through light path system, on the moving grid being incident upon Circular gratings (1) and fixed grid, now moving grid is followed output terminal (100) and is rotated together, and fixed grid is motionless, then through light can form Moire fringe, photosensitive tube detects the light signal that transmission is come, and export near sinusoidal voltage signal, this signal is through the amplification of disposal system, pulse signal is formed after shaping and differentiating circuit process, by umber of pulse total in gage work process, convert and obtain the total transmission error (angular displacement) of gear train assembly, and show on the display unit of Circular gratings (11) measurement module, autocollimator (2) uses autocollimation method to be ultimate principle afterwards, coordinate polygon prism (21) to use simultaneously, precision measurement is carried out by the angular displacement of photoelectronic collimating to the polygon prism (21) on gear train assembly output terminal (100), the light that rotating drive shaft makes one of them minute surface of the prism on output terminal and light pipe voluntarily send is vertical, and using this minute surface as initial surface, start to carry out the detection to gear train assembly, the light therethrough that the light source of autocollimator (2) sends is positioned at the cross curve in focal plane of lens, and by after object lens, becoming a branch of directional light directive parallel with optical axis is arranged on the minute surface of the polygon prism (21) on output terminal (100), if the upper minute surface just right with craspedodrome light pipe of polygon prism (21) is vertical with optical axis, then light returns by former road, after object lens, be still imaged on former cross curve resemble, overlap with former target, if out of plumb, minute surface and optical axis run-off the straight, the cross curve then fired back resembles and just produces a corresponding displacement △ S, the tilt quantity △ α of the minute surface of polygon prism (21) can be drawn by △ S, by reflection law and geometric optical theory, light its deflection after reflection be 2 times, the angle of inclination of catoptron, the signal acquiring system of autocollimator (2) gathers the light reflected, and by signal by Circuits System process, wherein Circuits System is primarily of oscillator, main amplifier, phase-sensitive detector (PSD), single chip circuit, the part such as experimental circuit composition, main amplifier carries out amplification filtering to raw measured signal, detecting circuit is to the extraction of the angle signal be included in measuring-signal, and send A/D to change, single chip circuit completes the final process of measuring-signal and shows the driving error (angular displacement) of autocollimator to system detected by gear train assembly over the display, the above is the measuring principle of Circular gratings (11) and autocollimator (2), in measuring process, necessarily there is driving error in gear train assembly, namely the minute surface of polygon prism (21) must produce with the optical axis of craspedodrome light pipe, because polygon prism (21) is that 36 catoptrons are evenly distributed on output terminal (100), so output terminal (100) often rotates 10 °, autocollimator (2) detects once and acquisition process data, because the distance between the mirror surface of craspedodrome light pipe and polygon prism (21) is not strict with, and do not have anything to affect on the result measured, when there is eccentric error in output terminal (100), output terminal often turns over 10 °, the just minute surface that output terminal (100) eccentric error brings and craspedodrome light pipe vertical between distance, and the light that catoptron can not be made to send relative to autocollimator produces, namely output terminal (100) is in state without acceptance of persons with under having eccentric state, after rotating 10 °, minute surface is identical with the angle that the light that autocollimator sends is formed, the light reflected back overlaps, there is no relative angle, namely autocollimator (2) inspection does not measure the driving error caused by eccentric error of output terminal (100), and output terminal (100) is in state without acceptance of persons with there be the measurement result of eccentric state to Circular gratings measurement module (1) to be different, namely Circular gratings measurement module (1) can detect the driving error composition caused by the eccentric error comprising output terminal (100), therefore the difference of Circular gratings measurement module (1) and the driving error detected by straight collimator (2), be the driving error caused by output terminal (100) eccentric error.Data handling system completes the last process to driving error, the total transmission error of system is measured by Circular gratings measurement module (1), because Circular gratings measurement module (1) can complete pair signals process and convert and obtain the total transmission error of system, so the total transmission error of system can directly show on the display unit; Because Circular gratings rotates Real-Time Monitoring with output terminal, and autocollimator measurement is 36 points, so need from Circular gratings measure that output terminal rotates a circle total transmission error take out the driving error that 36 corresponding point values and autocollimator (2) measure and compare, and access data process system obtains their difference, the maximal value of taking out absolute difference also converts and obtains the eccentric error of output terminal (100), shows on the display unit.
Technique effect of the present invention is: the present invention adopts the structure of Circular gratings measurement module and straight collimator to carry out high-acruracy survey to the transmission accuracy of gear train assembly simultaneously, accurately can not only measure the total transmission error of system, effectively can also isolate the driving error caused by output terminal eccentric error, and obtain output terminal eccentric error, in order to instruct revolution kinematic train manufacture and design the processes such as assembling, be improve revolution kinematic train transmission accuracy foundation is provided.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present system structural principle process flow diagram.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of pick-up unit of the present invention.
In the drawings, 1, Circular gratings measurement module 2, straight collimator 11, Circular gratings 21, polygon prism 22, straight collimation zero diopter pipe 100, output terminal.
Embodiment
Composition graphs 1, 2 concrete the present invention, first the light that sends of the light source of Circular gratings measurement module (1), directional light is become through light path system, on the moving grid being incident upon Circular gratings (1) and fixed grid, now moving grid is followed output terminal (100) and is rotated together, and fixed grid is motionless, then through light can form Moire fringe, photosensitive tube detects the light signal that transmission is come, and export near sinusoidal voltage signal, this signal is through the amplification of disposal system, pulse signal is formed after shaping and differentiating circuit process, by umber of pulse total in gage work process, convert and obtain the total transmission error (angular displacement) of gear train assembly, and show on the display unit of Circular gratings (11) measurement module, autocollimator (2) uses autocollimation method to be ultimate principle afterwards, coordinate polygon prism (21) to use simultaneously, precision measurement is carried out by the angular displacement of photoelectronic collimating to the polygon prism (21) on gear train assembly output terminal (100), the light that rotating drive shaft makes one of them minute surface of the prism on output terminal and light pipe voluntarily send is vertical, and using this minute surface as initial surface, start to carry out the detection to gear train assembly, the light therethrough that the light source of autocollimator (2) sends is positioned at the cross curve in focal plane of lens, and by after object lens, becoming a branch of directional light directive parallel with optical axis is arranged on the minute surface of the polygon prism (21) on output terminal (100), if the upper minute surface just right with craspedodrome light pipe of polygon prism (21) is vertical with optical axis, then light returns by former road, after object lens, be still imaged on former cross curve resemble, overlap with former target, if out of plumb, minute surface and optical axis run-off the straight, the cross curve then fired back resembles and just produces a corresponding displacement △ S, the tilt quantity △ α of the minute surface of polygon prism (21) can be drawn by △ S, by reflection law and geometric optical theory, light its deflection after reflection be 2 times, the angle of inclination of catoptron, the signal acquiring system of autocollimator (2) gathers the light reflected, and by signal by Circuits System process, wherein Circuits System is primarily of oscillator, main amplifier, phase-sensitive detector (PSD), single chip circuit, the part such as experimental circuit composition, main amplifier carries out amplification filtering to raw measured signal, detecting circuit is to the extraction of the angle signal be included in measuring-signal, and send A/D to change, single chip circuit completes the final process of measuring-signal and shows the driving error (angular displacement) of autocollimator to system detected by gear train assembly over the display, the above is the measuring principle of Circular gratings (11) and autocollimator (2), in measuring process, necessarily there is driving error in gear train assembly, namely the minute surface of polygon prism (21) must produce with the optical axis of craspedodrome light pipe, because polygon prism (21) is that 36 catoptrons are evenly distributed on output terminal (100), so output terminal (100) often rotates 10 °, autocollimator (2) detects once and acquisition process data, because the distance between the mirror surface of craspedodrome light pipe and polygon prism (21) is not strict with, and do not have anything to affect on the result measured, when there is eccentric error in output terminal (100), output terminal often turns over 10 °, the just minute surface that output terminal (100) eccentric error brings and craspedodrome light pipe vertical between distance, and the light that catoptron can not be made to send relative to autocollimator produces, namely output terminal (100) is in state without acceptance of persons with under having eccentric state, after rotating 10 °, minute surface is identical with the angle that the light that autocollimator sends is formed, the light reflected back overlaps, there is no relative angle, namely autocollimator (2) inspection does not measure the driving error caused by eccentric error of output terminal (100), and output terminal (100) is in state without acceptance of persons with there be the measurement result of eccentric state to Circular gratings measurement module (1) to be different, namely Circular gratings measurement module (1) can detect the driving error composition caused by the eccentric error comprising output terminal (100), therefore the difference of Circular gratings measurement module (1) and the driving error detected by straight collimator (2), be the driving error caused by output terminal (100) eccentric error.Data handling system completes the last process to driving error, the total transmission error of system is measured by Circular gratings measurement module (1), because Circular gratings measurement module (1) can complete pair signals process and convert and obtain the total transmission error of system, so the total transmission error of system can directly show on the display unit; Because Circular gratings rotates Real-Time Monitoring with output terminal, and autocollimator measurement is 36 points, so need from Circular gratings measure that output terminal rotates a circle total transmission error take out the driving error that 36 corresponding point values and autocollimator (2) measure and compare, and access data process system obtains their difference, the maximal value of taking out absolute difference also converts and obtains the eccentric error of output terminal (100), shows on the display unit.
Above-described embodiment is only be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; under not departing from the present invention and designing the prerequisite of spirit; the various distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art make technical scheme of the present invention and improvement, all should fall in protection domain that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (1)
1. the detection method of a gyration transmission accuracy, it is characterized in that, first the light that sends of the light source of Circular gratings measurement module (1), directional light is become through light path system, on the moving grid being incident upon Circular gratings (1) and fixed grid, now moving grid is followed output terminal (100) and is rotated together, and fixed grid is motionless, then through light can form Moire fringe, photosensitive tube detects the light signal that transmission is come, and export near sinusoidal voltage signal, this signal is through the amplification of disposal system, pulse signal is formed after shaping and differentiating circuit process, by umber of pulse total in gage work process, convert and obtain the total transmission error (angular displacement) of gear train assembly, and show on the display unit of Circular gratings (11) measurement module, autocollimator (2) uses autocollimation method to be ultimate principle afterwards, coordinate polygon prism (21) to use simultaneously, precision measurement is carried out by the angular displacement of photoelectronic collimating to the polygon prism (21) on gear train assembly output terminal (100), the light that rotating drive shaft makes one of them minute surface of the prism on output terminal and light pipe voluntarily send is vertical, and using this minute surface as initial surface, start to carry out the detection to gear train assembly, the light therethrough that the light source of autocollimator (2) sends is positioned at the cross curve in focal plane of lens, and by after object lens, becoming a branch of directional light directive parallel with optical axis is arranged on the minute surface of the polygon prism (21) on output terminal (100), if the upper minute surface just right with craspedodrome light pipe of polygon prism (21) is vertical with optical axis, then light returns by former road, after object lens, be still imaged on former cross curve resemble, overlap with former target, if out of plumb, minute surface and optical axis run-off the straight, the cross curve then fired back resembles and just produces a corresponding displacement △ S, the tilt quantity △ α of the minute surface of polygon prism (21) can be drawn by △ S, by reflection law and geometric optical theory, light its deflection after reflection be 2 times, the angle of inclination of catoptron, the signal acquiring system of autocollimator (2) gathers the light reflected, and by signal by Circuits System process, wherein Circuits System is primarily of oscillator, main amplifier, phase-sensitive detector (PSD), single chip circuit, the part such as experimental circuit composition, main amplifier carries out amplification filtering to raw measured signal, detecting circuit is to the extraction of the angle signal be included in measuring-signal, and send A/D to change, single chip circuit completes the final process of measuring-signal and shows the driving error (angular displacement) of autocollimator to system detected by gear train assembly over the display, the above is the measuring principle of Circular gratings (11) and autocollimator (2), in measuring process, necessarily there is driving error in gear train assembly, namely the minute surface of polygon prism (21) must produce with the optical axis of craspedodrome light pipe, because polygon prism (21) is that 36 catoptrons are evenly distributed on output terminal (100), so output terminal (100) often rotates 10 °, autocollimator (2) detects once and acquisition process data, because the distance between the mirror surface of craspedodrome light pipe and polygon prism (21) is not strict with, and do not have anything to affect on the result measured, when there is eccentric error in output terminal (100), output terminal often turns over 10 °, the just minute surface that output terminal (100) eccentric error brings and craspedodrome light pipe vertical between distance, and the light that catoptron can not be made to send relative to autocollimator produces, namely output terminal (100) is in state without acceptance of persons with under having eccentric state, after rotating 10 °, minute surface is identical with the angle that the light that autocollimator sends is formed, the light reflected back overlaps, there is no relative angle, namely autocollimator (2) inspection does not measure the driving error caused by eccentric error of output terminal (100), and output terminal (100) is in state without acceptance of persons with there be the measurement result of eccentric state to Circular gratings measurement module (1) to be different, namely Circular gratings measurement module (1) can detect the driving error composition caused by the eccentric error comprising output terminal (100), therefore the difference of Circular gratings measurement module (1) and the driving error detected by straight collimator (2), be the driving error caused by output terminal (100) eccentric error, data handling system completes the last process to driving error, the total transmission error of system is measured by Circular gratings measurement module (1), because Circular gratings measurement module (1) can complete pair signals process and convert and obtain the total transmission error of system, so the total transmission error of system can directly show on the display unit, because Circular gratings rotates Real-Time Monitoring with output terminal, and autocollimator measurement is 36 points, so need from Circular gratings measure that output terminal rotates a circle total transmission error take out the driving error that 36 corresponding point values and autocollimator (2) measure and compare, and access data process system obtains their difference, the maximal value of taking out absolute difference also converts and obtains the eccentric error of output terminal (100), shows on the display unit.
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| CN201510852438.7A CN105424360B (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | A kind of detection method of gyration transmission accuracy |
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Cited By (8)
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| CN106568597A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-04-19 | 江苏大学 | High precision measurement method for roller gear tooth surface comprehensive meshing rigidity |
| CN106769015A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-31 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of Dynamic Characteristics of Drive System experimental bench measurement apparatus and detection method |
| CN106840653A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-06-13 | 天津大学 | The error calibrating method of precision speed reduction device combination property detector |
| CN107764209A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-03-06 | 北京科瑞思创测控科技有限公司 | A kind of sleeve rotation angle detecting apparatus |
| CN109238693A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-18 | 东莞理工学院 | A kind of Mechanical Manufacture System gear spin balancing degree detection device |
| CN111238805A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-05 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | Driving mechanism transmission precision testing method based on angular displacement and rotating speed control |
| CN112414322A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-26 | 中国计量大学 | Turntable positioning error separation method |
| CN115541225A (en) * | 2022-10-29 | 2022-12-30 | 通用技术集团机床工程研究院有限公司 | Online precision analysis method and system for main shaft of ultra-precision machine tool |
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| CN106568597A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-04-19 | 江苏大学 | High precision measurement method for roller gear tooth surface comprehensive meshing rigidity |
| CN106769015A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-31 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of Dynamic Characteristics of Drive System experimental bench measurement apparatus and detection method |
| CN106840653A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-06-13 | 天津大学 | The error calibrating method of precision speed reduction device combination property detector |
| CN107764209A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-03-06 | 北京科瑞思创测控科技有限公司 | A kind of sleeve rotation angle detecting apparatus |
| CN109238693A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-18 | 东莞理工学院 | A kind of Mechanical Manufacture System gear spin balancing degree detection device |
| CN109238693B (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-06-09 | 东莞理工学院 | Gear rotation balance degree detection device for machine manufacturing system |
| CN111238805A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-05 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | Driving mechanism transmission precision testing method based on angular displacement and rotating speed control |
| CN112414322A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-26 | 中国计量大学 | Turntable positioning error separation method |
| CN112414322B (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2022-02-18 | 中国计量大学 | Turntable positioning error separation method |
| CN115541225A (en) * | 2022-10-29 | 2022-12-30 | 通用技术集团机床工程研究院有限公司 | Online precision analysis method and system for main shaft of ultra-precision machine tool |
| CN115541225B (en) * | 2022-10-29 | 2023-09-05 | 通用技术集团机床工程研究院有限公司 | Method and system for analyzing online precision of spindle of ultra-precise machine tool |
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