CN105408152A - 带有附加电动机器的混合动力变速器 - Google Patents

带有附加电动机器的混合动力变速器 Download PDF

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CN105408152A
CN105408152A CN201480041901.3A CN201480041901A CN105408152A CN 105408152 A CN105408152 A CN 105408152A CN 201480041901 A CN201480041901 A CN 201480041901A CN 105408152 A CN105408152 A CN 105408152A
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torque
additional
driving machine
electric driving
hybrid gearbox
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CN105408152B (zh
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A·凯特菲-谢里夫
K·奈尔
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New H Power Transmission System Holdings Ltd
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Renault SAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K6/485—Motor-assist type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B60W10/113—Stepped gearings with two input flow paths, e.g. double clutch transmission selection of one of the torque flow paths by the corresponding input clutch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units, or advanced driver assistance systems for ensuring comfort, stability and safety or drive control systems for propelling or retarding the vehicle
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/19—Improvement of gear change, e.g. by synchronisation or smoothing gear shift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/006—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion power being selectively transmitted by either one of the parallel flow paths
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B60Y2400/421—Dog type clutches or brakes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/909—Gearing

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于机动车辆的混合动力变速器，该机动车辆配备有一个热力发动机(1)和一个电驱动机器(7)，该混合动力变速器包括：-两个同心的主轴(1，6)，这两个主轴(1，6)之间的一个第一联接装置(5)能够占据至少三个位置，在该至少三个位置中：该热力发动机(1)与将该电驱动机器(7)连接到这些车轮上的运动链解除联接，该热力发动机(1)在有或没有该电驱动机器(7)的额外帮助下驱动车轮，以及该热力发动机(1)与该电驱动机器(7)联接以便将它们的转矩朝向这些车轮增加；以及-一个与该车辆的这些车轮相连的副轴(10)，该副轴支撑一个第二联接装置(13)，该第二联接装置能够将两个次级小齿轮(11，12)中的任何一个连接到该副轴上。此变速器包括一个附加轴(17)，该附加轴连接到一个能够为该变速器提供一个发动机转矩或一个抵抗转矩的附加电动机器(18)上。

Description

带有附加电动机器的混合动力变速器
本发明涉及混合动力变速器的领域。
本发明涉及用于配备有热力发动机和电驱动机器的机动车辆的混合动力变速器。
更确切地，本发明涉及一种混合动力变速器，包括：
-两个同心的主轴，这两个主轴之间的第一联接装置能够占据至少三个位置，在这三个位置中：该热力发动机与将该电驱动机器连接到车轮上的运动链解除联接，该热力发动机在有或没有该电驱动机器的额外帮助下驱动这些车轮，或者该热力发动机与该电驱动机器相联接以便将它们的转矩朝向这些车轮增加，以及
-一个与车辆的这些车轮相连接的副轴，该副轴支撑一个第二联接装置，该第二联接装置能够将两个次级小齿轮中的任何一个连接到所述的轴上。
公开文件WO2012/131259披露了一种上述类型的混合动力变速器，使得可以在电动模式和混合动力模式提供至少两个单独档位以及一个在热力模式下专用于快速行进的高档位。装备有这种变速器的混合动力车辆的行进自主性取决于期望的车辆性能，并取决于包括电动机器在内的其部件的尺寸。
混合动力车辆的电动机器或蓄电池的尺寸直接影响车辆的总质量。它是由布局和成本的约束来决定的，特别是在电动机器必须作为发电机发挥作用从而允许在车辆停止时对牵引用蓄电池充电的情况下。
本发明旨在增加混合动力车辆的自主性，其变速器包括与热力发动机以及与电驱动机器相连接的两个同心的主轴，各主轴支撑着与车辆的车轮相连接的副轴上的至少一个减速小齿轮。
以此目标，该变速器包括一个附加轴，该附加轴连接到一个能够为发动机提供转矩或为该变速器提供抵抗转矩的附加电动机器上。
该附加轴优选地支撑着主轴上的两个减速小齿轮，一个第三联接装置可以使这些减速小齿轮中的任何一个交替地与该附加轴相连接。
通过阅读对参照附图给出的本发明的非限制性实施例的以下描述将更好地理解本发明，在这些附图中混合动力变速器被示出：
-在图1中的空档位置上，
-在图2中的其长档“助推”的混合动力模式下，
-在图3中的其中档“助推”的电动模式下
-在图4中的同时有蓄电池充电的短档电动模式下，
-在图5中的长档中的热力发动机的启动情况下，
-在图6A至图6E中的在电动模式下从短档到中档的转换，并且
-图7示出了在换档过程中向车轮传递的转矩的变化。
这些附图所展示的变速器包括一个实心主轴1，该主轴通过一个过滤系统(减振轮毂、“阻尼器”、双质量飞轮或其他器件)而被直接连接到热力发动机2的飞轮上。该实心轴1支撑一个惰小齿轮3，该惰小齿轮能够经由一个第一联接系统5(牙嵌式离合器、同步器或其他形式的可以是渐进的或可以是非渐进式的联接器)而与该实心轴相连。一个中空主轴6连接到第一电动机器的转子或电驱动机器7上。空心轴6可以通过联接系统5而连接到实心主轴1上。一个副轴10支撑两个惰小齿轮11和12。一个第二联接系统13(牙嵌式离合器、同步器或其他形式的可以是渐进的或可以是非渐进式的联接器)可以将惰小齿轮11、12连接到中空主轴6上。副轴10还支撑一个固定小齿轮14和一个朝向差速器(未示出)方向的减速小齿轮15，该差速器与该车辆的车轮相连。最后，主轴1支撑一个固定齿圈16，该齿圈连接到一个附加轴17上。
这两个主轴1、6是同心的。第一联接装置5可以占据至少三个位置，在这些位置中：
-该热力发动机与将电动机器7连接到车轮上的运动链解除联接(位置1)，
-该热力发动机在有或没有该电动机器的额外帮助下驱动这些车轮(位置2)，以及
-该热力发动机与该电动机器7联接，以便将它们的转矩朝向这些车轮增加(位置3)。
连接到车辆的车轮上的副轴10支撑一个第二联接装置13，该第二联接装置可占据三个位置，在这三个位置中：两个次级小齿轮11、12中的一个连接到副轴10上或这两个次级小齿轮都不连接到该副轴上。在不考虑后一种的情况下，第一联接装置5的三个位置以及第二联接装置13的联合干预确保该变速器具有三个档：电动模下的短档和中档、混合动力模式下的三个档、以及热力模式下的长档。
附加轴17机械地连接到一个能够为该变速器提供发动机转矩或抵抗转矩的第二电动机器或附加电动机器18上。该附加轴支撑两个惰小齿轮19、21，这两个惰小齿轮是减速小齿轮、分别与主轴1的固定齿圈16以及其惰小齿轮3相啮合。第一减速小齿轮21通过实心主轴1的惰小齿轮3来驱动一个次级小齿轮14。该第一减速小齿轮确保附加电动机器18的转矩朝向副轴10传输。第二减速小齿轮19确保转矩在附加电动机器18与实心主轴1之间传输。附加轴17支撑一个第三联接装置22，该第三联接装置使减速小齿轮19、21中的任何一个能够交替地与该附加轴相连接。该第三联接装置可以占据三个位置，其中的一个位置是空档位置、以及两个接合位置，在这两个接合位置中，这两个惰小齿轮19、21中的一个连接到附加轴17上或者这两个惰小齿轮都不连接到该附加轴上。在空档(见图1)，电动机器18与变速器断开连接。在这些附图的第三联接器22的右侧位置上(见图2和图3)，第三联接器提供转矩，该转矩直接施加到与车轮相连的副轴10上。在联接器22的左侧位置上(见图4和图5)，该联接器为该热力发动机提供附加转矩，并且还可用于更快地启动所述发动机。
在图2中，该变速器处于混合动力模式：第一联接器5处于位置(2)，在该位置中热力发动机2联接到这些车轮上。第二联接器13将小齿轮12连接到轴10上。第三联接器22将小齿轮21连接到附加轴22上。第二电动机器18提供附加转矩。该变速器在混合动力模式下的长档，被称为“高速公路”档，其中将热力发动机2的转矩以及这两个电动机器7、18的转矩加在一起。第二电动机器18因而有可能得益于此档中的能量过剩或“助推”，或者通过两个电动机器之间的转矩的最佳分布而对电能的使用进行优化。
在图3中，该变速器是处于电动模式。第一联接器5是处于空档(位置0)。第二联接器13将小齿轮12连接到轴10上。第三联接器22将小齿轮21连接到附加轴17上。该变速器处于带有电动“助推”的中档或“公路”档的电动模式。该电动短档或混合动力短档和中档还可得益于附加电动机器18的“助推”。附加电动机器18的转矩因而可在变速器的混合动力模式或电动模式的所有档位中被增加到驱动机器7的转矩上。
图4示出了第二电动机器18的用于在充电模式中对蓄电池23进行充电的另一种应用。第一联接器5处于空档(位置0)。第二联接器13将小齿轮11连接到该副轴上。在该附图中，该第三联接器处于左侧位置，其中该第三联接器经由小齿轮16和19将实心主轴1连接到附加轴17上。第二电动机器18使得可以将充电模式转变成串联式混合动力模式，该串联式混合动力模式使该车辆的行进能够在空的牵引用蓄电池的情况下增加自主性。热力发动机2被连接到附加电动机器18上。此电动机器对该蓄电池23充电，该电动机器用作发电机。所提出的体系结构的优点之一因而在于使用第一电动机器7来驱动车辆的可能性，而由热力发动机2驱动的附加电动机器22用作发电机。因而有可能将该变速器置于该热力发动机的有利的屈服点(例如约2000转每分钟)处，而以非常低的速度转动车轮，因为是电驱动机器7使这些车轮转动。
图5示出了另一种运行模式。该变速器在此仅仅在该长档中处于热力模式(第一联接器5处于位置1，第二联接器13处于空档)。第三联接器22处于左侧位置，在该位置该第三联接器经由小齿轮19和16将附加轴17连接到实心主轴1上。将附加电动机器18的转矩送到热力发动机2上来启动所述发动机。附加电动机器18的转矩使得可以执行该热力发动机的超快启动，特别是该车辆正在行进时。
所提出的措施对于所讨论的混合动力变速器的运行提供了进一步的可能性。这些措施尤其使得可以在电动模式或混合动力模式在档位之间的转换过程中进行动力换档。因而进一步改善了这种诉求。在图6A到图6E的实例中证明了这种益处，展示了在“城镇电动”模式与“道路电动”模式之间变换的情况。
在图6A中，只有第二联接器13是关闭的，从而将中空主轴10连接到第一齿轮11的次级小齿轮上。该变速器是在电动模式短档。在图6B中，由于处于右侧位置上的第三联接器22使附加轴17与该副轴联接，该附加电动机器22被接合。使用减速小齿轮21、3和14。因而第二联接器13可以置于空档(图6C)，然后移位到左侧以便将中档的次级小齿轮12连接到轴10上(图6D)，同时在其断开之前仍然得益于附加电动机器18的转矩(图6E)。通过附加电动机器18，在转换过程中与电驱动机器7的暂时断开相关联的转矩损失得到补偿。在相似的情况下，附加电动机器18的辅助可益于反向变换(在电动模式下从中档变换到短档)，或在混合动力模式在短档与中档之间变换。
图7展示了在此转换过程中总转矩的曲线。可以看出，附加电动机器18的转矩CME2是如何在使第二联接器13能够在相应的转换时期(t1，t2)对由驱动机器7提供的转矩CME1的暂时的中断进行补偿的。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于机动车辆的混合动力变速器，该机动车辆配备有一个热力发动机(1)和一个电驱动机器(7)，该混合动力变速器包括：
-两个同心的主轴(1，6)，这两个主轴(1，6)之间的一个第一联接装置(5)能够占据至少三个位置，在该至少三个位置中：该热力发动机(1)与将该电驱动机(7)连接到这些车轮上的运动链解除联接，该热力发动机(1)在有或没有该电驱动机器(7)的额外帮助下驱动这些车轮，以及该热力发动机(1)与该电驱动机(7)联接以便将它们的转矩朝向这些车轮增加，以及
-一个与该车辆的这些车轮相连的副轴(10)，该副轴支撑一个第二联接装置(13)，该第二联接装置能够将两个次级小齿轮(11，12)中的任何一个连接到所述的轴上，
其特征在于，所述变速器包括一个附加轴(17)，该附加轴连接到一个能够为该变速器提供发动机转矩或抵抗转矩的附加电动机器(18)上。
2.如权利要求1所述的混合动力变速器，其特征在于，该附加轴(17)支撑这些主轴(1，6)上的两个减速小齿轮(19，21)，并且一个第三联接装置(22)可以使这些减速小齿轮(19，21)中的任何一个交替地与该附加轴(17)相连接。
3.如权利要求2所述的混合动力变速器，其特征在于，一个第一减速小齿轮(21)确保转矩从该附加电动机器(18)朝向该副轴(10)传输。
4.如权利要求3所述的混合动力变速器，其特征在于，该第一减速小齿轮(21)通过一个在实心主轴(1)上旋转的惰小齿轮(3)而驱动一个次级小齿轮(14)。
5.如权利要求2、3或4所述的混合动力变速器，其特征在于，一个第二减速小齿轮确保该附加电动机器(18)与连接到该热力发动机(2)上的实心主轴(1)之间的转矩传输。
6.如以上权利要求之一所述的混合动力变速器，其特征在于，该附加电动机器(18)的转矩在该变速器的混合动力模式或电动模式的所有档位中被增加到该驱动机器(7)的转矩上。
7.如以上权利要求之一所述的混合动力变速器，其特征在于，该附加电动机器(18)用作一个发电机，以便将该热力发动机(2)的电机能量转化成用于对该车辆的蓄电池(23)进行充电的电能。
8.如以上权利要求之一所述的混合动力变速器，其特征在于，该附加电动机器(22)的转矩用于启动该热力发动机(2)，特别是在该车辆行进时。
9.如以上权利要求之一所述的混合动力变速器，其特征在于，该附加电动机器(18)用于在电动模式与混合动力模式的档位转换过程中对该电驱动机器(7)的转矩的中断进行补偿。
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RU2016102254A (ru) 2017-07-31
EP3013618B1 (fr) 2018-08-08
FR3007696B1 (fr) 2015-06-26
WO2014207332A2 (fr) 2014-12-31
BR112015032427B1 (pt) 2022-08-09
RU2661300C2 (ru) 2018-07-13
BR112015032427A2 (pt) 2017-07-25
JP6392336B2 (ja) 2018-09-19
US20160144704A1 (en) 2016-05-26
CN105408152B (zh) 2018-03-02
EP3013618A2 (fr) 2016-05-04
JP2016535695A (ja) 2016-11-17
WO2014207332A3 (fr) 2015-10-15

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