CN105384663B - 一种对硝基苯磺酸的合成方法 - Google Patents

一种对硝基苯磺酸的合成方法 Download PDF

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CN105384663B
CN105384663B CN201510722068.5A CN201510722068A CN105384663B CN 105384663 B CN105384663 B CN 105384663B CN 201510722068 A CN201510722068 A CN 201510722068A CN 105384663 B CN105384663 B CN 105384663B
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sulfonic acid
benzene
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CN105384663A (zh
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高建堂
吴立新
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Beijing Gao Hang United Technology Co ltd
Beijing Xing'anjie Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C303/00Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides
    • C07C303/02Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of sulfonic acids or halides thereof
    • C07C303/22Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of sulfonic acids or halides thereof from sulfonic acids, by reactions not involving the formation of sulfo or halosulfonyl groups; from sulfonic halides by reactions not involving the formation of halosulfonyl groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C303/00Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides
    • C07C303/02Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of sulfonic acids or halides thereof
    • C07C303/04Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of sulfonic acids or halides thereof by substitution of hydrogen atoms by sulfo or halosulfonyl groups
    • C07C303/06Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of sulfonic acids or halides thereof by substitution of hydrogen atoms by sulfo or halosulfonyl groups by reaction with sulfuric acid or sulfur trioxide

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种对硝基苯磺酸的合成方法,属于有机化学合成技术领域。本发明以苯为原材料,与硫酸进行磺化,得到苯磺酸,再将苯磺酸中通入氯气,加入去离子水和二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌搅拌,接着再向其加入硝酸和乙酸酐,进行水浴加热后,再利用冰水降温,最后向其缓慢滴入氢氧化钠溶液,滴加反应完成后,并进行加热回流,冷却至室温,经分离,回收,干燥即可。本发明的有益效果:反应时间缩短了间硝基苯酸合成方法所需时间的30%,反应中不会产生污染,操作步骤简单。

Description

一种对硝基苯磺酸的合成方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种对硝基苯磺酸的合成方法,属于有机化学合成技术领域。
背景技术
苯磺酸,无色针状或片状晶体,易溶于水,易溶于乙醇,微溶于苯,不溶于乙醚、二硫化碳。用于经碱熔制苯酚,也用于制间苯二酚等,还用作催化剂。对硝基苯磺酸是化工产品及中间体,可应用于合成对硝基苯磺酸钠,对氨基苯磺酸,对氨基苯酚。而目前都是利用间硝基苯磺酸来来作为化工产品及中间体,且合成间硝基苯磺酸主要采用三氧化硫磺化法制备,也采用发烟硫酸磺化法,利用这两种方法合成间硝基苯磺酸,反应时间太长,存在安全隐患,同时会污染环境,因而对硝基苯磺酸的合成方法出现有利于解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种对硝基苯磺酸的合成方法,从而有效的代替了间硝基苯酸,反应时间缩短了间硝基苯酸合成方法所需时间的30%,反应中不会产生污染,操作步骤简单。
为达到上述目的,本发明对硝基苯磺酸的合成方法为:
本发明涉及的对硝基苯磺酸的合成过程包括以下步骤:
(1)将300~400mL质量分数为93%的硫酸加入磺化锅内,将100~150g的苯以20mL/s打入蒸发器内,经过蒸发及过热成温度为150~170℃的过热苯蒸汽,再通过鼓泡器在硫酸层中进行反应,控制温度为180~200℃,反应时间为10~12h后,得苯磺酸;
(2)将上述制得的苯磺酸置于500mL烧杯中,向其通入50~100mL的氯气,并加入50~75mL的去离子水后、冷却至0~5℃,加入苯磺酸质量的20%的二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌,搅拌10~15min,得2-氯苯磺酸;
(3)取上述制得50~80g的2-氯苯磺酸与100~150mL的质量分数为40%的硝酸混合置于250mL的圆底烧瓶中,再加入25~50mL的乙酸酐,沸水浴加热、回流,并搅拌30~45min后,倒入盛有250mL冰水的烧杯中,搅拌1~2h后,得到2-氯-4-硝基苯磺酸溶液;
(4)将2-氯-4-硝基苯磺酸溶液中缓慢滴加质量分数为5~10%的氢氧化钠溶液,滴加速度为1~2滴/s,边滴加边搅拌,滴加时间30~35min,控制温度为40~45℃,待滴加搅拌完成后,再向其中加入10~20mL的质量分数为20%乙醇溶液,并对其进行加热回流40~50min后,冷却至室温,置于离心机中离心分离,收集离心物,放入烘箱中干燥,即可得到对硝基苯磺酸。
具体实施方式
首先将300~400mL质量分数为93%的硫酸加入磺化锅内,将100~150g的苯以20mL/s打入蒸发器内,经过蒸发及过热成温度为150~170℃的过热苯蒸汽,再通过鼓泡器在硫酸层中进行反应,控制温度为180~200℃,反应时间为10~12h后,得苯磺酸;将上述制得的苯磺酸置于500mL烧杯中,向其通入50~100mL的氯气,并加入50~75mL的去离子水后、冷却至0~5℃,加入苯磺酸质量的20%的二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌,搅拌10~15min,得2-氯苯磺酸;取上述制得50~80g的2-氯苯磺酸与100~150mL的质量分数为40%的硝酸混合置于250mL的圆底烧瓶中,再加入25~50mL的乙酸酐,沸水浴加热、回流,并搅拌30~45min后,倒入盛有250mL冰水的烧杯中,搅拌1~2h后,得到2-氯-4-硝基苯磺酸溶液;接着将2-氯-4-硝基苯磺酸溶液中缓慢滴加质量分数为5~10%的氢氧化钠溶液,滴加速度为1~2滴/s,边滴加边搅拌,滴加时间30~35min,控制温度为40~45℃,待滴加搅拌完成后,再向其中加入10~20mL的质量分数为20%乙醇溶液,并对其进行加热回流40~50min后,冷却至室温,置于离心机中离心分离,收集离心物,放入烘箱中干燥,即可得到对硝基苯磺酸。
实例1
首先将400mL质量分数为93%的硫酸加入磺化锅内,将150g的苯以20mL/s打入蒸发器内,经过蒸发及过热成温度为170℃的过热苯蒸汽,再通过鼓泡器在硫酸层中进行反应,控制温度为200℃,反应时间为12h后,得苯磺酸;将上述制得的苯磺酸置于500mL烧杯中,向其通入100mL的氯气,并加入75mL的去离子水后、冷却至5℃,加入苯磺酸质量的20%的二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌,搅拌15min,得2-氯苯磺酸;取上述制得80g的2-氯苯磺酸与150mL的质量分数为40%的硝酸混合置于250mL的圆底烧瓶中,再加入50mL的乙酸酐,沸水浴加热、回流,并搅拌45min后,倒入盛有250mL冰水的烧杯中,搅拌2h后,得到2-氯-4-硝基苯磺酸溶液;接着将2-氯-4-硝基苯磺酸溶液中缓慢滴加质量分数为10%的氢氧化钠溶液,滴加速度为2滴/s,边滴加边搅拌,滴加时间35min,控制温度为45℃,待滴加搅拌完成后,再向其中加入20mL的质量分数为20%乙醇溶液,并对其进行加热回流50min后,冷却至室温,置于离心机中离心分离,收集离心物,放入烘箱中干燥,即可得到对硝基苯磺酸,该方法合成步骤简单,反应时间快,对硝基苯磺酸的得产率达90%。
实例2
首先将300mL质量分数为93%的硫酸加入磺化锅内,将100g的苯以20mL/s打入蒸发器内,经过蒸发及过热成温度为150℃的过热苯蒸汽,再通过鼓泡器在硫酸层中进行反应,控制温度为180℃,反应时间为10h后,得苯磺酸;将上述制得的苯磺酸置于500mL烧杯中,向其通入50mL的氯气,并加入50mL的去离子水后、冷却至0℃,加入苯磺酸质量的20%的二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌,搅拌10min,得2-氯苯磺酸;取上述制得50g的2-氯苯磺酸与100mL的质量分数为40%的硝酸混合置于250mL的圆底烧瓶中,再加入25mL的乙酸酐,沸水浴加热、回流,并搅拌30min后,倒入盛有250mL冰水的烧杯中,搅拌1h后,得到2-氯-4-硝基苯磺酸溶液;接着将2-氯-4-硝基苯磺酸溶液中缓慢滴加质量分数为5%的氢氧化钠溶液,滴加速度为1滴/s,边滴加边搅拌,滴加时间30min,控制温度为40℃,待滴加搅拌完成后,再向其中加入10mL的质量分数为20%乙醇溶液,并对其进行加热回流40min后,冷却至室温,置于离心机中离心分离,收集离心物,放入烘箱中干燥,即可得到对硝基苯磺酸。该方法合成步骤简单,反应时间快,对硝基苯磺酸的得产率达92%。
实例3
首先将350mL质量分数为93%的硫酸加入磺化锅内,将120g的苯以20mL/s打入蒸发器内,经过蒸发及过热成温度为160℃的过热苯蒸汽,再通过鼓泡器在硫酸层中进行反应,控制温度为190℃,反应时间为11h后,得苯磺酸;将上述制得的苯磺酸置于500mL烧杯中,向其通入70mL的氯气,并加入60mL的去离子水后、冷却至4℃,加入苯磺酸质量的20%的二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌,搅拌12min,得2-氯苯磺酸;取上述制得70g的2-氯苯磺酸与120mL的质量分数为40%的硝酸混合置于250mL的圆底烧瓶中,再加入40mL的乙酸酐,沸水浴加热、回流,并搅拌40min后,倒入盛有250mL冰水的烧杯中,搅拌1h后,得到2-氯-4-硝基苯磺酸溶液;接着将2-氯-4-硝基苯磺酸溶液中缓慢滴加质量分数为7%的氢氧化钠溶液,滴加速度为1滴/s,边滴加边搅拌,滴加时间32min,控制温度为42℃,待滴加搅拌完成后,再向其中加入15mL的质量分数为20%乙醇溶液,并对其进行加热回流45min后,冷却至室温,置于离心机中离心分离,收集离心物,放入烘箱中干燥,即可得到对硝基苯磺酸。该方法合成步骤简单,反应时间快,对硝基苯磺酸的得产率达93%。

Claims (1)

1.一种对硝基苯磺酸的合成方法,其特征在于具体合成方法为:
(1)将300~400mL质量分数为93%的硫酸加入磺化锅内,将100~150g的苯以20mL/s打入蒸发器内,经过蒸发及过热成温度为150~170℃的过热苯蒸汽,再通过鼓泡器在硫酸层中进行反应,控制温度为180~200℃,反应时间为10~12h后,得苯磺酸;
(2)将上述制得的苯磺酸置于500mL烧杯中,向其通入50~100mL的氯气,并加入50~75mL的去离子水后、冷却至0~5℃,加入苯磺酸质量的20%的二正丁基二硫代氨基甲酸锌,搅拌10~15min,得2-氯苯磺酸;
(3)取上述制得50~80g的2-氯苯磺酸与100~150mL的质量分数为40%的硝酸混合置于250mL的圆底烧瓶中,再加入25~50mL的乙酸酐,沸水浴加热、回流,并搅拌30~45min后,倒入盛有250mL冰水的烧杯中,搅拌1~2h后,得到2-氯-4-硝基苯磺酸溶液;
(4)将2-氯-4-硝基苯磺酸溶液中缓慢滴加质量分数为5~10%的氢氧化钠溶液,滴加速度为1~2滴/s,边滴加边搅拌,滴加时间30~35min,控制温度为40~45℃,待滴加搅拌完成后,再向其中加入10~20mL的质量分数为20%乙醇溶液,并对其进行加热回流40~50min后,冷却至室温,置于离心机中离心分离,收集离心物,放入烘箱中干燥,即可得到对硝基苯磺酸。
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1030308A (en) * 1964-01-23 1966-05-18 Eisaku Huruta Process for the isolation of aromatic nitrosulfonic acids
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GB1030308A (en) * 1964-01-23 1966-05-18 Eisaku Huruta Process for the isolation of aromatic nitrosulfonic acids
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