CN105365325B - 一种纸蜂窝夹芯结构复合板材及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种纸蜂窝夹芯结构复合板材及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105365325B
CN105365325B CN201510962113.4A CN201510962113A CN105365325B CN 105365325 B CN105365325 B CN 105365325B CN 201510962113 A CN201510962113 A CN 201510962113A CN 105365325 B CN105365325 B CN 105365325B
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CN105365325A (zh
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杨小俊
兰青山
张昌汉
叶竹君
覃路韦
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Hubei University of Technology
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Abstract

本发明提供一种纸蜂窝夹芯结构复合板材，包括上面板（1）、纸蜂窝内芯（2）、下面板（3）；所述复合板材上分别均匀分布有凸起，其中复合板材的厚度不变。本发明方法对蜂窝纸芯材料进行加工，通过凹凸结构的模具加热加压，使其一体成型为泡状结构蜂窝纸芯板材，通过改变纸板造型来改变纸板力学性能，从而使该蜂窝板材获得较高的减震、缓冲性能。本发明既保留了传统纸蜂窝夹芯板的原有优良特性，又提升了其在吸能减震、防水方面的能力，尤其适用于一些需要较高抗压强度,又具备良好吸能减震、防水特性要求的机电产品包装材料。同时，该泡状新型蜂窝纸板结构简单，在原生产线上只需小范围改造即可批量生产，是一种具有高性能和良好发展前景的环保型材料。

Description

一种纸蜂窝夹芯结构复合板材及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及包装材料领域，尤其涉及一种纸蜂窝夹芯结构复合板材及其制备方法。
背景技术
近年来包装材料日新月异，蜂窝纸芯板材已在日常包装中大量使用，广泛应用于包装行业，其抗压强度高，质量轻，环保和可再生材质等特性广受好评，但边压强度、横向冲击强度、耐戳穿强度与弹性及缓冲性较差，同时其在防潮性能方面也有所欠缺，受潮后强度减弱，经不起撞击和震动，严重影响使用效果和产品性能。虽然通过特殊处理后可以使其达到一定的防潮要求，但成本也会相应增加。
发明内容
为了解决纸基蜂窝夹芯板在吸能减震、防水方面的问题，本发明提出了一种纸蜂窝夹芯结构复合板材及其制备方法。
该新型复合板不仅仅具有传统纸基蜂窝夹芯板的优良特性，而且在抗戳穿性、可降解性、密封性、吸能抗震及防水性等均比传统纸蜂窝结构板有很大的提高。
本发明的具体技术方案如下：
一种纸蜂窝夹芯结构复合板材，包括上面板（1）、纸蜂窝内芯（2）、下面板（3）；所述复合板材上分别均匀分布有凸起，其中复合板材的厚度不变。
所述凸起的形状为泡状、半球体、圆柱体或多棱台。
所述上面板（1）和下面板（3）的材质是植物纤维或合成纤维。
所述凸起的宽度为80~100mm，高度为10~12mm，密度为20~30个/平方米。
本发明还提供制备上述一次成型的纤维-纸蜂窝芯复合板的方法：
步骤如下：通过粘合剂依次将上面板（1）、纸蜂窝内芯（2）、下面板（3）粘合在一起，在60-70摄氏度，模压压力在4MPa或40bar条件下通过模压模具（4）压制成型，冷却固化即得。
所述模压模具（4）包括上部模具（5）和下部模具（6），所述上部模具（5）和下部模具（6）分别均匀分布有位置和大小相对应的凸起；所述上部模具（5）和下部模具（6）上设置有加热装置和控压装置；所述上部模具（5）上设置有带动其上下运动的气泵。
所述上部模具（5）上凸起的尺寸不小于下部模具（6）上凸起的尺寸。
所述粘合剂为聚氨酯胶粘剂。
所述凸起的形状为泡状、半球体、圆柱体或多棱台。
本发明制备的纤维-纸蜂窝芯复合板，是由植物纤维或合成纤维的面板以及纸基蜂窝夹芯，用聚氨酯粘合剂高温模压而成，即将上面板、下底板与纸蜂窝芯，通过有泡状凸起的模具，在一定温度下模压固化成所需大小尺寸的复合板。
本发明方法对蜂窝纸芯材料进行加工，通过凹凸结构的模具加热加压，使其一体成型为泡状结构蜂窝纸芯板材，通过改变纸板造型来改变纸板力学性能，从而使该蜂窝板材获得较高的减震、缓冲性能。
本发明的有益效果是：
该纤维-纸蜂窝芯复合板既保留了传统纸蜂窝夹芯板的原有优良特性，又提升了其在吸能减震、防水方面的能力。植物纤维或合成纤维的面板在模压过程中能根据模具形状更容易形成泡状结构，有利于提高板材的吸能减震能力。同时在生产的过程中还能直接封边，提高其防水防潮性能，甚至还能做成曲面异型结构，尤其适用于一些需要较高抗压强度,又具备良好吸能减震、防水特性要求的机电产品包装材料。同时，该泡状新型蜂窝纸板结构简单，在原生产线上只需小范围改造即可批量生产，是一种具有高性能和良好发展前景的环保型材料。
本发明方法将纸蜂窝材料一次成型为泡状结构蜂窝板材，使该蜂窝板材的减震缓冲性能得到提升，同时获得较高的生产效率。
附图说明
图1是蜂窝纸芯与上下板面示意图；
图2是将图1组合后的原始板材示意图；
图3是将图2所示板材放入模具中示意图；
图4是将图2所示板材进行加热加压处理示意图；
图5是将图4加热加压完成后的板材进行冷却、固化处理示意图；
图6是为本工艺方法加工完成后的板材示意图；
图7是本发明模压模具的结构示意图；
图8为本发明工艺方法的流程示意图；
其中，1.上面板，2. 纸蜂窝内芯，3.下底板，4模压模具，5上部模具，6下部模具。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明做进一步说明。
本产品由上面板、纸蜂窝内芯、下底板组成蜂窝结构板材，加工工艺特征是：纸蜂窝内芯为单层蜂窝纸芯，将纸蜂窝内芯填充于上面板与下面板之间，用聚氨酯粘接发泡，在一定温度和较低压力下模压，模压模具为凹凸结构，加热模压一步成型，使其为泡状结构，其附件和装饰层等可与坯材一步合成、无需化学粘接和后续加工。
面板是天然纤维，纸蜂窝内芯与上面板和面板之间用聚氨酯胶粘剂发泡粘接模压而成。
天然纤维，主要指植物纤维，如亚麻、黄麻、大麻、剑麻、洋麻等麻纤维及椰壳纤维等。
模压模具为有圆形等形状的凹凸结构和加热装置，下部模具固定，上部模具连接气泵等装置，可上下移动。
流程为：粘接板材后进入模具，模具上板下压，同时加热。
其封边加工特征是：纸蜂窝内芯的周边密封是通过挤压蜂窝芯纸，并通过高温与上下面材一步模压复合成型，随后冷却固化。
实施例1
通过粘合剂依次将上面板（1）、纸蜂窝内芯（2）、下面板（3）粘合在一起，在60-70摄氏度，模压压力在4MPa或40bar条件下通过模压模具（4）压制成型，冷却固化即得。
所述模压模具（4）包括上部模具（5）和下部模具（6），所述上部模具（5）和下部模具（6）分别均匀分布有位置和大小相对应的凸起；所述上部模具（5）和下部模具（6）上设置有加热装置和控压装置；所述上部模具（5）上设置有带动其上下运动的气泵。
所述上部模具（5）上凸起的尺寸不小于下部模具（6）上凸起的尺寸。
所述凸起的宽度为80~100mm，高度为10~12mm，密度为20~30个/平方米。
所述粘合剂为聚氨酯胶粘剂。
所述凸起的形状为泡状、半球体、圆柱体或多棱台。
所述上面板（1）和下面板（3）的材质是植物纤维或合成纤维，植物纤维包括植物纤维，如亚麻、黄麻、大麻、剑麻、洋麻等麻纤维及椰壳纤维等。
上述过程中，模压模具为凹凸结构，凹凸结构可以不仅仅为圆形，也可以为其他几何图形，泡状、半球体、圆柱体或多棱台。
纸蜂窝内芯可在市场上直接购买。

Claims (7)

1.一种纸蜂窝夹芯结构复合板材，包括上面板（1）、纸蜂窝内芯（2）、下面板（3）；其特征在于：所述复合板材上均匀分布有凸起，其中复合板材的厚度不变；所述上面板（1）和下面板（3）的材质是植物纤维或合成纤维；所述凸起的宽度为80~100mm，高度为10~12mm，密度为20~30个/平方米。
2.如权利要求1所述的纸蜂窝夹芯结构复合板材，其特征在于：所述凸起的形状为半球体、圆柱体或多棱台。
3.一种制备如权利要求1所述的纸蜂窝夹芯结构复合板材的方法，其特征在于：步骤如下：通过粘合剂依次将上面板（1）、纸蜂窝内芯（2）、下面板（3）粘合在一起，在60-70摄氏度，模压压力在4MPa或40bar条件下通过模压模具（4）压制成型，冷却固化即得；所述模压模具（4）包括上部模具（5）和下部模具（6），所述上部模具（5）和下部模具（6）分别均匀分布有位置和大小相对应的凸起。
4.如权利要求3所述的制备纸蜂窝夹芯结构复合板材的方法，其特征在于：所述上部模具（5）和下部模具（6）上设置有加热装置和控压装置；所述上部模具（5）上设置有带动其上下运动的气泵。
5.如权利要求3所述的制备纸蜂窝夹芯结构复合板材的方法，其特征在于：所述上部模具（5）上凸起的尺寸不小于下部模具（6）上凸起的尺寸。
6.如权利要求3所述的制备纸蜂窝夹芯结构复合板材的方法，其特征在于：所述粘合剂为聚氨酯胶粘剂。
7.如权利要求3所述的制备纸蜂窝夹芯结构复合板材的方法，其特征在于：所述凸起的形状为半球体、圆柱体或正多边体。
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