CN105360172A - Botanical pesticide for controlling crop aphids, and preparation method for botanical pesticide - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a botanical pesticide for controlling crop aphids, and a preparation method for the botanical pesticide. An extracting solution of field sowthistle herb, wormwood and xanthium sibiricum is used as a raw material, and the extracting solution comprises a preservative. According to the botanical pesticide, rhizome and leaves of field sowthistle herb, wormwood and xanthium sibiricum are used as the raw material, and the extracting solution is obtained through juicing field sowthistle herb, wormwood and xanthium sibiricum; then, the extracting solution is diluted with water, and the diluted extracting solution is sprayed to greenhouse crops to play a prevention effect on the crops free of the aphids and to play a well treatment effect on the crops suffering from the aphids. Field trials show that the control effect can reach up to 98.95% or above. The botanical pesticide not only can control the aphids, but also has an obvious prevention and treatment effect on piercing-sucking pests such as spider mites and thrips; in addition, field sowthistle herb, wormwood and xanthium sibiricum are edible and medicinal wild plants, so that during practical use, problems of pesticide residue, environmental pollution and the like can be avoided; as aphid harm is reduced, the yield is increased by 6.35-9.95%.

Description

A kind of medicine based on herbs for preventing and treating crops aphid and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to crop pests Prevention Technique field, especially a kind of medicine based on herbs for preventing and treating crops aphid and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Aphid, also known as aphid, aphid etc., belongs to Homoptera Aphidiadae more, is the insect of sucking mouth parts, is often clustered in the positions such as blade, tender stem, bud, terminal bud, and thorn inhales juice, makes leaf-shrinkage, curling, lopsided, causes the even whole strain of die back dead time serious.Aphid secretion honeydew also can bring out sooty mould, spread disease the harm such as viral disease.Aphid body is little and soft, belly has tubular protrusion, sucking plant juice, because the fertility of aphid is very strong, female aphid one is born and can gives birth to soon, within 1 year, can breed 10 ~ 30 generations, generation overlap phenomenon is serious, after aphid make inroads on crop, growth rate reduction, generation tikka, yellowing, depauperation, leaf roll, output reduction, quality degradation can be caused, withered and dead, and aphid can also between crops transmitted virus, cause the further disease of crops to occur.

In actual production, people are in order to prevent and treat and reduce the harm of aphid, the method for integrated control of general employing number of ways, comprise: eliminate the aphid of Wintering Period, cultivate clean seedling, strengthen monitoring, the new crops introduced are rigid in checking up, prune residual flower deadwood in time, choose there is insect pest variety of crops, chemicals deinsectization, the rational deployment of carrying out field and cleaning to reduce aphid source, release natural enemy etc., to set up insect-sticking plate, plant and drive the methods such as aphid plant and prevent and treat.

The natural enemy kind of aphid and quantity have a lot, mainly contain Stethorus punctillum, Spacial distribution pattern, harmonia axyridia, Scolothrips takahashii, large and small Chrysopa, minute pirate bugs etc., and they play positive role to the population quantity controlling aphid.Thus, when carrying out control of aphids, Protect natural enemies as far as possible.

In chemical control: aphid all to produces higher resistance to multiple conventional medicament, as Avermectin 1500 times of liquid, Avermectin 1500 times of liquid are used to add emamectin benzoate 1000 times of liquid, Imidacloprid 2500 times of liquid and Te Fu power 5000 times of liquid are sprayed, control efficiency is about 90%, and aphid recurrence rate is higher.

In aforesaid way, medicine deinsectization is Initiative defence, and other is auxiliary methods, but a large amount of chemical agent that uses is prevented and treated, and the high amount of drug in farming object can be caused to remain, and control efficiency is not fine.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, environmental protection, noresidue, a kind of medicine based on herbs for preventing and treating crops aphid that control efficiency is good and preparation method thereof are provided.

The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

A kind of medicine based on herbs for preventing and treating crops aphid and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that: its raw material is field sowthistle herb grass ,the extract liquid of wormwood and Siberian cocklebur.

Further, described extract comprises preservative, adds the washing powder of 0.1% during use, opens up effect to increase.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of medicine based on herbs for preventing and treating crops aphid and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

(1) by field sowthistle herb grass ,wormwood and Siberian cocklebur gather together with root, stem and leaf, impurity elimination, clean after for subsequent use;

(2) step product is (1) added in cracker and squeeze the juice;

(3) filtered by the solidliquid mixture after squeezing the juice, namely filtering residue makes extract.And, to preservative be added in the extract after described filtering residue, store for future use.

A kind of field sowthistle herb grass ,wormwood and Siberian cocklebur are squeezed the juice the application of extract in crops control of aphids, should to put prevention first.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of medicine based on herbs for preventing and treating crops aphid and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

(1) extract is mixed with water, then add the washing powder of 0.1%, be prepared into spray;

(2), when preventing eliminating aphis, choose the sunny date, spraying is carried out 1 ~ 2 time to complete stool;

(3), time as prevention aphid, choose the sunny date, spraying is carried out 1 time to complete stool.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of field sowthistle herb grass ,wormwood and the application of Siberian cocklebur extract in crops control of aphids.

Advantage of the present invention and good effect are:

In the present invention, with field sowthistle herb grass ,wormwood and Siberian cocklebur are raw material together with root, stem and leaf, by acquisition extract of squeezing the juice, then by the spraying of laggard for extract dilute with water row crop, crop can play the effect of prevention when there is not aphid, good preventive and therapeutic effect can be played during crop generation aphid, through practical application test, prevent and treat efficiency and reach more than 98.95%, this field sowthistle herb grass ,the extract liquid of wormwood and Siberian cocklebur, except can preventing eliminating aphis, also has obvious preventive effect to other sucking insect pest, as thrips, tetranychid etc., and field sowthistle herb grass ,wormwood and Siberian cocklebur are edible wild vegetable and medicinal plant, so can not produce the problem of medicament residue in actual use, because decrease the harm of insect, and have the effect of increasing production of 6.35-9.95%.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described, and following embodiment is illustrative, is not determinate, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with following embodiment.

A kind of medicine based on herbs for preventing and treating crops aphid and preparation method thereof, innovation of the present invention is: its raw material is field sowthistle herb grass ,the extract of wormwood and Siberian cocklebur, in order to long-term storage, to ensure drug effect, also can add appropriate preservative in extract.

This extract is by the field sowthistle herb grass just gathered in ,wormwood and Siberian cocklebur are made together with root, stem and leaf, and this preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) by field sowthistle herb grass ,wormwood and Siberian cocklebur gather together with root, stem and leaf, impurity elimination, clean after for subsequent use;

(2) step product is (1) added in cracker and squeeze the juice;

(3) filtered by the solidliquid mixture after squeezing the juice, filtering residue, adds the potassium sorbate of liquid weight 0.35 ‰, namely makes extract.

Embodiment 1

Choose 3 greenhouses of plantation frame beans, each greenhouse is 0.07 hectare, is divided into three groups, often organizes one mu, respectively called after A, B, C; Formation, the acid-base value of A, B and the soil of C are identical, and the temperature of residing region, humidity, wind-force, illumination are all identical, and water source is identical, and field adopts same way to manage.

A, B are identical with the frame beans kind of planting in C, and the density of plant is identical with management method.

A uses medicament of the present invention, and B uses traditional chemical medicament, and C does not use any medicament.

In A: with field sowthistle herb grass ,wormwood and Siberian cocklebur are raw material together with root, stem and leaf, use by the following method:

(1) be that the ratio of 1:14-15 mixes with water with weight ratio by extract, then add the washing powder of 0.1%, be prepared into spray;

(2), when preventing eliminating aphis, choose the sunny date, utilize and sooner or later carry out carrying out spraying 1 ~ 2 time to complete stool, every mu of consumption is 45 kilograms;

(3) when preventing aphid, choose the sunny date, utilize and sooner or later carry out carrying out 1 spraying to complete stool.

Through the test in field, aphid obtains prevention and cure completely, control efficiency 98.95%.

In B: traditionally use Avermectin 1500 times of liquid to add emamectin benzoate 1000 times of liquid, Imidacloprid 2500 times of liquid and Te Fu power 5000 times of liquid carry out rotation use, spraying, and control efficiency is about 90%, and aphid recurrence rate is higher.

In C: do not spray any medicament, drop in production over a large area, part field has no harvest.

Statistics after results, the output in A district is than the output increased 8.89% in B district.

Embodiment 2

Choose 3 booths of plantation cucumber, each booth is 0.07 hectare; Be divided into three groups, often organize one mu, one of them booth called after A, another one booth called after B, another one booth called after C; Formation, the acid-base value of A, B and the soil of C are identical, and kind is identical, and the temperature of residing region, humidity, wind-force, illumination are all identical, and water source is identical, and booth adopts same way to manage.

A canopy uses medicament of the present invention, and B canopy uses traditional chemical medicament, and C canopy does not use any medicament.

A canopy control efficiency 99.52%, in whole stubble, aphid obtains prevention and corntrol completely.

B canopy control efficiency about 91.85%, recurrence rate is higher.

Drop in production over a large area in C, part cucumber is without commodity value.

Statistics after results, the output in A district is than the output increased 9.85% in B district.

Embodiment 3

Choose 3 booths of plantation watermelon, each canopy is 0.07 hectare, is divided into three groups, often organizes one mu, one of them canopy is A, another one canopy is B, and another one canopy is that C, A, the formation of soil of B with C, acid-base value are identical, the temperature of residing region, humidity, wind-force, illumination are all identical, water source is identical, and kind is identical, and booth adopts same way to carry out daily management.

A canopy uses medicament of the present invention, and B canopy uses traditional chemical medicament, and C canopy does not use any medicament.

A canopy control efficiency 99.69%, in whole stubble, aphid obtains good prevention and cure.

B canopy control efficiency 92.25%, aphid recurrence rate is higher, has carried out repeatedly dispenser control.

Drop in production over a large area in C canopy, plant part has no harvest.

Statistics after results, the output in A district is than the output increased 9.95% in B district.

Embodiment 4

Choose 3 booths of the large green pepper of plantation, each canopy is 0.07 hectare, is divided into three groups, often organizes one mu, one of them canopy is A, another one canopy is B, and another one canopy is that C, A, the formation of soil of B with C, acid-base value are identical, the temperature of residing region, humidity, wind-force, illumination are all identical, water source is identical, and kind is identical, and booth adopts same way to carry out daily management.

A canopy uses medicament of the present invention, and B canopy uses traditional chemical medicament, and C canopy does not use any medicament.

A canopy control efficiency 99.35%, in whole stubble, aphid obtains prevention and therapy completely.

B canopy control efficiency 93.15%, aphid recurrence rate is higher, has carried out repeatedly dispenser control.

Drop in production over a large area in C, plant part has no harvest.

Statistics after results, the output in A district is than the output increased 6.35% in B district.

In the present invention, with field sowthistle herb grass ,wormwood and Siberian cocklebur are raw material together with root, stem and leaf, by acquisition extract of squeezing the juice, then by the spraying of laggard for extract dilute with water row crop, the effect of prevention when aphid does not occur crop, can be played, during crop generation aphid, good preventive and therapeutic effect can be played, through field trial, control efficiency reaches more than 98.95%, and this medicament, except can preventing eliminating aphis, also has obvious preventive effect to other sucking insect pest, such as tetranychid, thrips etc., and field sowthistle herb grass ,wormwood and Siberian cocklebur are edible wild vegetable and medicinal plant, edible, so there will not be the problem of medicament residue, contaminated environment in actual use, because decrease the harm of insect, and have the effect of increasing production of 6.35-9.95%.

Claims (6)

1. one kind for preventing and treating medicine based on herbs of crops aphid and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that: its raw material is field sowthistle herb grass ,the extract of wormwood and Siberian cocklebur.

2. a kind of medicine based on herbs for preventing and treating crops aphid according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that: described extract comprises preservative.

3. a kind of medicine based on herbs for preventing and treating crops aphid according to claim 2 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

(1) by field sowthistle herb grass ,wormwood and Siberian cocklebur gather together with root, stem and leaf, impurity elimination, clean after for subsequent use;

(2) step product is (1) added in cracker and squeeze the juice;

(3) filtered by the solidliquid mixture after squeezing the juice, filtering residue, namely makes extract.

4. a kind of medicine based on herbs for preventing and treating crops aphid according to claim 3 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that: the extract after described filtering residue, add preservative, store for future use.

5. a kind of medicine based on herbs for preventing and treating crops aphid according to claim 1 and 2 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

(1) extract is mixed with water, then add the washing powder of 0.1%, be prepared into spray;

(2), when preventing eliminating aphis, choose the sunny date, spraying is carried out 1 ~ 2 time to complete stool;

(3), time as prevention aphid, choose the sunny date, spraying is carried out 1 time to complete stool.

6. prevent and treat the application of medicine based on herbs in the control of aphid for crops aphid, should to put prevention first.