CN105359959A

CN105359959A - White large-fruited strawberry germplasm innovation method

Info

Publication number: CN105359959A
Application number: CN201510661037.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵密珍; 袁华招; 庞夫花; 蔡伟建; 于红梅; 王静; 王庆莲
Original assignee: Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2015-10-10
Filing date: 2015-10-10
Publication date: 2016-03-02

Abstract

The invention relates to a white large-fruited strawberry germplasm innovation method and belongs to the technical field of plant breeding. A cultivated variety 'Toyonoka' of large-fruited strawberries having sweet and sour flavor are used as a female parent, a wild white-fruited yellow-hairy strawberry variety 'white bubble' originally from Yunnan in our country is used as a male parent to perform hybridization, the obtained hybrid generation undergoes colchicine processing and directional selections, such as fruit characteristics and features, and the novel white large-fruited strawberry germplasm is bred. By adopting the novel germplasm 'FB02', obtained fruits are conical, and the whole fruits are uniform and regular. The average fruit weight is about 13.4 g, the longitudinal diameter of each fruit is 3.5 cm, and the transverse diameter of each fruit is 2.7 cm. The fruits have white surfaces and low glossiness. Fruit pulp and cores are white. The sweet and sour flavor is agreeable, the fragrance is heavy, and the fruits have rich peach fragrance and moderate hardness. The growth vigor of plants is moderately strong, plant shapes are semi-upright, and the plant height is about 30 cm. Leaves are subround, large and thick, and leaf color is green. Flowers are moderately large, and the crown diameter is about 2.8 cm. The plants are similar to the Toyonoka in resistance, are quite resistant to anthracnose and can be used as a parent material for white strawberry breeding.

Description

A kind of innovative approach of large fruit white strawberry germplasm

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of innovative approach of large fruit white strawberry germplasm, belong to field of plant variety breeding technology, the especially white New Strawberry Variety seed selection of a kind of large fruit.

Background technology

Strawberry (Fragariaspp.) is rose family strawberry plants, about there are 20 kinds, have the ploidies such as 2x, 4x, 6x, 8x, but only have one of them 8x kind pineapple strawberry (F.ananassaDuch.) extensively to be cultivated because its commodity is good, other is all in wild state.

Strawberry berry fragrance succulence, sour and sweet palatability, nutritious, have the laudatory title of " fruit queen ", deeply like by consumer, occupy an important position in international fruit market all the time.The strawberry production cycle is short, instant effect, income are high, becomes the important component part of China's high-efficiency agriculture, plays an important role in growth of agricultural efficiency, increasing peasant income.

Along with improving constantly of the level of consumption, the requirement of people to strawberry fresh fruit is more and more higher, is not only satisfied with Cooking Quality, but wishes the organoleptic quality enriched.The fruit look of modern large fruit planting strawberry kind is red series, color is single, and be in adularescent strawberry in the Hypoploidy strawberry kind of wild state, but little only 1 to the 2g of fruit, lack commodity, therefore, create the white strawberry new germ plasm of large fruit and cultivate white large fruit high-quality New Strawberry Variety, its wide market.The method of existing New Strawberry Variety seed selection mostly is the hybridization between cultivated species kind, this method is difficult to obtain fruit color other colour systems except red colour system as the kind of white color system, therefore, innovation sets up the method for the white strawberry germplasm of large fruit and the good yellowhairy strawberry herb kind of seed selection commodity has great importance.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem

The object of the invention is to overcome the little deficiency of existing wild white strawberry fruit, provide a kind of germplasm innovation method of white strawberry, the white strawberry new germ plasm formulated by this method has the advantages such as really large, of fine quality, disease-resistant, degeneration-resistant, both for the breeding of new variety of white strawberry provides new germ plasm resource, also commerial growing can be directly used in.

Technical scheme

The germplasm innovation method of the white large fruited strawberry that the present invention provides, is characterized in that, comprising:

(1), local flavor sour-sweet cultivated species strawberry cultivars " Feng Xiang " large with fruit is maternal, " steeps in vain ", for male parent, hybridize with the wild gingko proso millet prolamin kind of original Yunnan Province of China;

(2) colchicine process is carried out to hybrid seed and vernalization cultivate;

(3) filial generation is cultivated;

(4) filial generation is screened, select white, that fruit is large, local flavor is fragrant and sweet individual plant, be large fruit yellowhairy strawberry herb kind matter.

The germplasm innovation method of described a kind of white large fruited strawberry, it is characterized in that, the concrete steps of step (2) are: the seed tweezers on hybridization fruit take off, dry rear low temperature (5 DEG C) storage 2 weeks, rear taking-up seed clear water rinses 2 to 3 times, then be seeded in and be lined with in the culture dish of filter paper through what sterilize, after having inoculated, be till 0.1% colchicine solution drips profit of being got wet by filter paper on filter paper by concentration, after culture dish is sealed, put vernalization in culturing room to cultivate, condition of culture: temperature 22 ~ 26 DEG C, intensity of illumination is 3000lx, light application time 14h/d.

The germplasm innovation method of described a kind of white large fruited strawberry, is characterized in that: the hybridization carried out in described step (1), is artificial emasculation, pollination, bagging, when hybridize fruit be 90% red time, can cut and get kind.

The germplasm innovation method of described a kind of white large fruited strawberry, it is characterized in that: the filial generation carried out in described step (3) is cultivated, namely when the seed germination in step (2) becomes 2 cotyledons, transplant when radicle is about 0.5cm, transplanting medium is 70% peat composed of rotten mosses+15% perlite+15% vermiculite, within the 1st week after transplanting, with thick 0.3mm diaphragm seal moisturizing, takes off film every day period ventilative 2 ~ 3 times, each 3 ~ 5 minutes, environmental temperature controlled at 15 ~ 25 DEG C.

The innovative approach of described a kind of large fruit white strawberry germplasm, it is characterized in that: the filial generation screening carried out in described step (4), be chooser for the individual plant that fruit is white, fruit is large, after carry out field proliferating, general planting, and or better proterties close with cultivated species " Feng Xiang " to its ripening rate, selection such as fruit shape, local flavor, resistance etc. further.

Beneficial effect

Compared with the prior art, this project combines the objective trait of two parents by interspecific hybridization and Systematic selection, and its beneficial effect is:

1, cultivated " FB02 " white obtained by the present invention, fruit is large, mean fruit weight 13.4g, and local flavor is fragrant and sweet, meets China's mass consumption custom;

2, in the present invention, colchicine process is carried out to hybrid seed, the problem of the solid rate variance of Different Ploidy Interspecific Hybrids can be overcome, effectively can obtain target variety.

3, use the method for the invention can make full use of domestic fraises des bois resource, cultivate the New Strawberry Variety providing independent intellectual property right.This new strawberry cultivars has that white, large fruit, taste are fragrant and sweet, resistance, the most area plantation of suitable China.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 Feng Xiang

Fig. 2 steeps in vain

Fig. 3 FB02

Specific implementation method

1, the source of hybrid strain and feature

The cultivar that maternal " Feng Xiang " is Japanese seed selection, precocious, fruit is conical, mean fruit weight 15.6g; Fruit face is scarlet; Pulp is light red, and juice fleshiness is thin, and be rich in fragrance, the sweet acid of local flavor is moderate; Pulp is comparatively hard, storage tolerance; Early maturing and high yield, plant type is opened a business, leaf Jinyuan Garden shape; Warm tolerance is comparatively strong, and nursery is easy, not mildew-resistance.

Male parent " is steeped " in vain for originating in the wild species proso millet prolamin in Yunnan.This kind is late-maturing, and fruit is oblate spherical, and fruit is little, mean fruit weight 0.6g; Fruit face, pulp are white; Juice is few, and be rich in peach fragrance, local flavor is sweet; Fruit is soft; Leaf is circular, little.

2, the configuration of hybrid combination and the cultivation of filial generation

Be maternal with " Feng Xiang ", with " steeping in vain " for male parent carries out artificial emasculation, pollination, bagging, when hybridize fruit be 90% red time, cut and get kind, acquisition hybrid seed.Hybrid seed is dried rear low temperature (5 DEG C) storage 2 weeks, rear taking-up clear water rinses 2 to 3 times, then be seeded in and be lined with in the culture dish of filter paper through what sterilize, after having inoculated, be till 0.1% colchicine solution drips profit of being got wet by filter paper on filter paper by concentration, after culture dish is sealed, being placed on temperature is 22 ~ 26 DEG C, intensity of illumination is cultivate in the culturing room of 3000lx, light application time 14h/d.When seed germination becomes 2 cotyledons, transplant when radicle is about 0.5cm, transplanting medium is 70% peat composed of rotten mosses+15% perlite+15% vermiculite, the 1st week after transplanting with thick 0.3mm diaphragm seal moisturizing, take off film every day period ventilative 2 ~ 3 times, each 3 ~ 5 minutes, environmental temperature controlled at 15 ~ 25 DEG C.

3, the seed selection of FB02

Select when the offspring obtained after colchicine process is yielded positive results, the individual plant that fruit is white, ripening rate is good, fruit is large is selected to have 5,5 individual plants are carried out the numerous seedling in field respectively and cultivates its sub-seedling, general planting, with " Feng Xiang " for contrast, identify according to the proterties such as Plant state, ripening rate, fruit shape, fruit look, local flavor, resistance, wherein strain 2 shows optimum, names as " FB02 ".

The feature of " FB02 ":

Fruit is conical, and fruit is individual evenly neat; Mean Fruit Weight is about 13.4g, and fruit indulges footpath 3.5cm, transverse diameter 2.7cm; Fruit colourless look, gloss is weak; Pulp white, medulla white; Local flavor sour-sweet is moderate, and fragrance is dense, and be rich in peach fragrance, hardness is moderate.

Strong in plant growing way, strain state half is upright, plant height about 30cm; Blade subcircular, large and thick, leaf look green; Hua Zhong great, about crown diameter 2.8cm; Plant resistance is similar to Feng Xiang, more anti-anthracnose, can be used as the parent material of white Strwberry Breeding.

Claims

1. an innovative approach for the white strawberry germplasm of large fruit, is characterized in that following steps:

(3) filial generation is cultivated;

2. the innovative approach of a kind of large fruit white strawberry germplasm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete steps of described step (2) are: the seed tweezers on hybridization fruit take off, dry rear low temperature (5 DEG C) storage 2 weeks, rear taking-up seed clear water rinses 2 to 3 times, then be seeded in and be lined with in the culture dish of filter paper through what sterilize, after having inoculated, be till 0.1% colchicine solution drips profit of being got wet by filter paper on filter paper by concentration, after culture dish is sealed, put vernalization in culturing room to cultivate, condition of culture: temperature 22 ~ 26 DEG C, intensity of illumination is 3000lx, light application time 14h/d.

3. the innovative approach of a kind of large fruit white strawberry germplasm according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the hybridization carried out in described step (1), is artificial emasculation, pollination, bagging, when hybridize fruit be 90% red time, can cut and get kind.

4. the innovative approach of a kind of large fruit white strawberry germplasm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the filial generation carried out in described step (3) is cultivated, namely when the seed germination in step (2) becomes 2 cotyledons, transplant when radicle is about 0.5cm, transplanting medium is 70% peat composed of rotten mosses+15% perlite+15% vermiculite, after transplanting the 1st week with thick 0.3mm diaphragm seal moisturizing, take off film every day period ventilative 2 ~ 3 times, each 3 ~ 5 minutes, environmental temperature controlled at 15 ~ 25 DEG C.

5. the innovative approach of a kind of large fruit white strawberry germplasm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the filial generation screening carried out in described step (4), be chooser for the individual plant that fruit is white, fruit is large, after carry out field proliferating, general planting, and or better proterties close with cultivated species " Feng Xiang " to its ripening rate, selection such as fruit shape, local flavor, resistance etc. further.