CN105330982A - 一种耐高压抗拉绝缘电缆 - Google Patents

一种耐高压抗拉绝缘电缆 Download PDF

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CN105330982A
CN105330982A CN201510495639.6A CN201510495639A CN105330982A CN 105330982 A CN105330982 A CN 105330982A CN 201510495639 A CN201510495639 A CN 201510495639A CN 105330982 A CN105330982 A CN 105330982A
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turns
cable
borax
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high pressure
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刘子彦
孙永波
马英士
赵永贵
宋卫虎
彭籽萱
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STATE GRID SHANDONG FEIXIAN POWER SUPPLY Co
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Linyi Power Supply Co of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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STATE GRID SHANDONG FEIXIAN POWER SUPPLY Co
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Linyi Power Supply Co of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于电缆技术领域,公开了一种耐高压抗拉绝缘电缆,其由绝缘外层包裹导体制备而成,所述绝缘外层由如下原料制备而得:三元乙丙橡胶,氯化丁基橡胶,溴化聚苯乙烯,聚乙烯蜡,鸡蛋壳,柠檬酸三正丁酯,磷酸三苯酯,碳化硅,硼砂,镁橄榄石,氮化硅,玻璃纤维,锂基膨润土,凸凹棒土,二硫化钼,氮化铝。本发明电缆具备较好的耐高压抗拉伸性能和断裂伸长率。

Description

一种耐高压抗拉绝缘电缆
技术领域
本发明属于电缆技术领域,尤其涉及一种耐高压抗拉高压电缆。
背景技术
高压电缆是电力电缆的一种,是指用于传输10KV-35KV之间的电力电缆,多应用于电力传输的主干道,对输送电力尤为重要。普通高压电缆主要用于地埋,但是不能抵抗地面上高强度的压迫,不能防止其他外力损坏,更不能应对高温或低温天气,而且抗拉强度低,容易出现老化的现象。因此,需要提供一种抗拉高压电缆来解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决现有技术中电缆材料的诸多缺陷,经过大量试验和探索,改变现有的原料组成及制备方法,提供一种耐高压抗拉高压电缆,该电缆具备较好的耐高压抗拉伸性能,机械硬度以及断裂伸长率。
为了实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案通过如下方式来实现的:
一种耐高压抗拉高压电缆,其由绝缘外层包裹导体制备而成,所述绝缘外层由如下重量份的的原料制备而得:
三元乙丙橡胶50-70份,氯化丁基橡胶40-60份,溴化聚苯乙烯10-12份,聚乙烯蜡8-10份,鸡蛋壳8-9份,柠檬酸三正丁酯(3-羟基-3-羧基戊二酸三丁酯)7-8份,磷酸三苯酯6-7份,碳化硅5-6份,硼砂5-6份,镁橄榄石3-4份,氮化硅3-4份,玻璃纤维2-3份,锂基膨润土2-3份,凸凹棒土1-2份,二硫化钼1-2份,氮化铝1-2份;
优选地,碳化硅,硼砂,氮化硅,锂基膨润土、二硫化钼以及氮化铝的粒径均为100目;玻璃纤维的长度为30-50um,直径为5-20um;
所述绝缘外层的制备方法包括如下步骤:
步骤1):按照重量份取各原料备用;
步骤2):往锂基膨润土中添加同等重量的70%(v/v)的乙醇,500转/min搅拌3min,然后静置30min,即为物料A;
步骤3):往凸凹棒土中依添加同等重量的1M盐酸,500转/min搅拌5min,80℃烘干,研磨至粒径为100目,即为物料B;
步骤4):将鸡蛋壳以及镁橄榄石添加到破碎机中进行破碎,然后进行研磨,得到粒径为100目的粉末,即为物料C;
步骤5):将碳化硅,硼砂,氮化硅,玻璃纤维、二硫化钼以及氮化铝依次投入到搅拌机中,300转/min搅拌10min,得到物料D;
步骤6):将三元乙丙橡胶,氯化丁基橡胶,溴化聚苯乙烯,聚乙烯蜡,柠檬酸三正丁酯以及磷酸三苯酯依次投入到反应罐中,反应罐温度控制在60℃,搅拌处理,搅拌时间为15min,搅拌速度为200转/min,然后静置30min,得到物料E;
步骤7):将物料A,物料B,物料C,物料D以及物料E依次投入到离心机中,2000转/min离心搅拌3分钟,混合均匀后,进入双螺杆挤出机挤压成熔融状态,然后挤出到注塑机中,最后注塑成型即得。
本发明对电缆导体没有任何限制,它可以是现有技术中常用的用于导电的材料,例如铜线、铜包铝以及铜包钢等,也可以是其他常规的导电材料。
本发明取得的有益效果主要包括:
三元乙丙橡胶是乙烯、丙烯和少量的非共轭二烯烃的共聚物,耐臭氧、耐热、耐候等耐老化性能优异;氯化丁基橡胶具良好的耐热耐曲以及耐天候性能;鸡蛋壳属于生活废弃物,本发明对其进行了有效利用,原料低廉,提高了机械性能,变废为宝,一举两得;溴化聚苯乙烯是一种溴系有机阻燃剂,具有高阻燃性、热稳定性及光稳定性等良好的机械物理和化学性质;本发明还对锂基膨润土进行了改性,提高了原料之间的结合力,增加了机械性能;对凸凹棒土进行了改性,提高了绝热性能和耐腐蚀性能;本发明选择磷酸三苯酯属于环保阻燃剂;柠檬酸三正丁酯属于环保型增塑剂;玻璃纤维可以提高材料的耐腐蚀性能和机械性能;碳化硅,硼砂,氮化硅以及氮化铝可以大大提高机械性能,提高耐压强度以及绝缘性能;聚乙烯蜡又称高分子蜡简,具备优良的耐寒性、耐热性、耐化学性和耐磨性;本发明制备的绝缘外层具备耐压抗拉伸等机械性能高,较好的绝缘性能和耐腐蚀性能;本发明制备工艺简单,适合大规模工业化生产。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请中的技术方案,下面将结合本申请具体实施例,对本发明进行更加清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种耐高压抗拉高压电缆,其由绝缘外层包裹导体制备而成,所述绝缘外层由如下重量份的的原料制备而得:
三元乙丙橡胶50份,氯化丁基橡胶40份,溴化聚苯乙烯10份,聚乙烯蜡8份,鸡蛋壳8份,柠檬酸三正丁酯(3-羟基-3-羧基戊二酸三丁酯)7份,磷酸三苯酯6份,碳化硅5份,硼砂5份,镁橄榄石3份,氮化硅3份,玻璃纤维2份,锂基膨润土2份,凸凹棒土1份,二硫化钼1份,氮化铝1份;
其中,碳化硅,硼砂,氮化硅,锂基膨润土、二硫化钼以及氮化铝的粒径均为100目;玻璃纤维的长度为30um,直径为5um;
所述绝缘外层的制备方法包括如下步骤:
步骤1):按照重量份取各原料备用;
步骤2):往锂基膨润土中添加同等重量的70%(v/v)的乙醇,500转/min搅拌3min,然后静置30min,即为物料A;
步骤3):往凸凹棒土中依添加同等重量的1M盐酸,500转/min搅拌5min,80℃烘干,研磨至粒径为100目,即为物料B;
步骤4):将鸡蛋壳以及镁橄榄石添加到破碎机中进行破碎,然后进行研磨,得到粒径为100目的粉末,即为物料C;
步骤5):将碳化硅,硼砂,氮化硅,玻璃纤维、二硫化钼以及氮化铝依次投入到搅拌机中,300转/min搅拌10min,得到物料D;
步骤6):将三元乙丙橡胶,氯化丁基橡胶,溴化聚苯乙烯,聚乙烯蜡,柠檬酸三正丁酯以及磷酸三苯酯依次投入到反应罐中,反应罐温度控制在60℃,搅拌处理,搅拌时间为15min,搅拌速度为200转/min,然后静置30min,得到物料E;
步骤7):将物料A,物料B,物料C,物料D以及物料E依次投入到离心机中,2000转/min离心搅拌3分钟,混合均匀后,进入双螺杆挤出机挤压成熔融状态,然后挤出到注塑机中,最后注塑成型即得。
实施例2
一种耐高压抗拉高压电缆,其由绝缘外层包裹导体制备而成,所述绝缘外层由如下重量份的的原料制备而得:
三元乙丙橡胶70份,氯化丁基橡胶60份,溴化聚苯乙烯12份,聚乙烯蜡10份,鸡蛋壳9份,柠檬酸三正丁酯(3-羟基-3-羧基戊二酸三丁酯)8份,磷酸三苯酯7份,碳化硅6份,硼砂6份,镁橄榄石4份,氮化硅4份,玻璃纤维3份,锂基膨润土3份,凸凹棒土2份,二硫化钼2份,氮化铝2份;其中,碳化硅,硼砂,氮化硅,锂基膨润土、二硫化钼以及氮化铝的粒径均为100目;玻璃纤维的长度为50um,直径为20um;
所述绝缘外层的制备方法包括如下步骤:
步骤1):按照重量份取各原料备用;
步骤2):往锂基膨润土中添加同等重量的70%(v/v)的乙醇,500转/min搅拌3min,然后静置30min,即为物料A;
步骤3):往凸凹棒土中依添加同等重量的1M盐酸,500转/min搅拌5min,80℃烘干,研磨至粒径为100目,即为物料B;
步骤4):将鸡蛋壳以及镁橄榄石添加到破碎机中进行破碎,然后进行研磨,得到粒径为100目的粉末,即为物料C;
步骤5):将碳化硅,硼砂,氮化硅,玻璃纤维、二硫化钼以及氮化铝依次投入到搅拌机中,300转/min搅拌10min,得到物料D;
步骤6):将三元乙丙橡胶,氯化丁基橡胶,溴化聚苯乙烯,聚乙烯蜡,柠檬酸三正丁酯以及磷酸三苯酯依次投入到反应罐中,反应罐温度控制在60℃,搅拌处理,搅拌时间为15min,搅拌速度为200转/min,然后静置30min,得到物料E;
步骤7):将物料A,物料B,物料C,物料D以及物料E依次投入到离心机中,2000转/min离心搅拌3分钟,混合均匀后,进入双螺杆挤出机挤压成熔融状态,然后挤出到注塑机中,最后注塑成型即得。
实施例3
针对本发明实施例1和2制备的电缆绝缘外层进行各方面性能测试,以厚度2.0mm为例,具体结果见表1:
表1
组别 抗张强度(N/mm2 断裂伸长率(%) 硬度(A) 体积电阻率×10-15(Ω·cm) 氧指数(%)
实施例1 18.0 357 84 2.53 34
实施例2 18.3 362 85 2.57 35
结论:本发明电缆绝缘外层机械性能好,具备较好的硬度以及抗拉伸性能,能够耐挤压耐摩擦,有效地保护电缆免受外力损伤,提高了电缆的安全性能。
上面结合具体实施例对本发明进行了示例性的描述,显然本发明的实现并不受上述方式的限制,只要采用了本发明的方法构思和技术方案进行的各种改进,或未经改进将本发明的构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的,均在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (4)

1.一种耐高压抗拉绝缘电缆,其由绝缘外层包裹导体制备而成,其特征在于,所述绝缘外层由如下重量份的原料制备而得:
三元乙丙橡胶50-70份,氯化丁基橡胶40-60份,溴化聚苯乙烯10-12份,聚乙烯蜡8-10份,鸡蛋壳8-9份,柠檬酸三正丁酯7-8份,磷酸三苯酯6-7份,碳化硅5-6份,硼砂5-6份,镁橄榄石3-4份,氮化硅3-4份,玻璃纤维2-3份,锂基膨润土2-3份,凸凹棒土1-2份,二硫化钼1-2份,氮化铝1-2份;
2.根据权利要求1所述的电缆,优选地,所述碳化硅,硼砂,氮化硅,锂基膨润土、二硫化钼以及氮化铝的粒径均为100目。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电缆,优选地,所述玻璃纤维的长度为30-50um,直径为5-20um。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电缆,所述绝缘外层的制备方法包括如下步骤:
步骤1):按照重量份取各原料备用;
步骤2):往锂基膨润土中添加同等重量的70%的乙醇,500转/min搅拌3min,然后静置30min,即为物料A;
步骤3):往凸凹棒土中依添加同等重量的1M盐酸,500转/min搅拌5min,80℃烘干,研磨至粒径为100目,即为物料B;
步骤4):将鸡蛋壳以及镁橄榄石添加到破碎机中进行破碎,然后进行研磨,得到粒径为100目的粉末,即为物料C;
步骤5):将碳化硅,硼砂,氮化硅,玻璃纤维、二硫化钼以及氮化铝依次投入到搅拌机中,300转/min搅拌10min,得到物料D;
步骤6):将三元乙丙橡胶,氯化丁基橡胶,溴化聚苯乙烯,聚乙烯蜡,柠檬酸三正丁酯以及磷酸三苯酯依次投入到反应罐中,反应罐温度控制在60℃,搅拌处理,搅拌时间为15min,搅拌速度为200转/min,然后静置30min,得到物料E;
步骤7):将物料A,物料B,物料C,物料D以及物料E依次投入到离心机中,2000转/min离心搅拌3分钟,混合均匀后,进入双螺杆挤出机挤压成熔融状态,然后挤出到注塑机中,最后注塑成型即得。
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