CN105278601A - Current source used for voltage stabilizers and voltage stabilizers - Google Patents
Current source used for voltage stabilizers and voltage stabilizers Download PDFInfo
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- CN105278601A CN105278601A CN201410347409.0A CN201410347409A CN105278601A CN 105278601 A CN105278601 A CN 105278601A CN 201410347409 A CN201410347409 A CN 201410347409A CN 105278601 A CN105278601 A CN 105278601A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a current source and voltage stabilizers. The current source is used for rapidly adjusting output current and comprises a current generating module, a capacitor coupled to an output end of the current source, a current-varying detection module and a transconductance amplifier. The current generating module is coupled to one control node, which is used for generating rated current passing through the control node for the purpose of controlling voltage at the control node. The current-varying detection module is coupled between the control node and the capacitor so that voltage at the control node varies via the capacitor when the output end of the current source receives variation in instantaneous current. The transconductance amplifier is coupled between the control node and the output end so that magnitude of output current at the output end is correspondingly varied when voltage at the control node varies.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of current source for voltage stabilizer and voltage stabilizer thereof, particularly relate to a kind of can the current source of output current of rapid adjustment voltage stabilizer and voltage stabilizer thereof.
Background technology
Voltage stabilizer (voltageregulator) normally utilize feedback circuit to lock its output voltage that produces of wish, and the voltage stabilizing ability that electric capacity of voltage regulation carrys out auxiliary stabilizer is set at the output terminal of voltage stabilizer.Wherein, the setting of electric capacity of voltage regulation, mainly when the demand current of the load that voltage stabilizer drives produces rapid change, the charge conversion it prestored becomes drive current to be provided to load, to maintain the degree of stability of the output voltage of the output terminal of voltage stabilizer.In other words, if enable voltage stabilizer bear the change of heavy demand electric current, large-sized electric capacity of voltage regulation must be used, thus add the cost of voltage stabilizer, and reduce the reaction rate of voltage stabilizer.
Therefore, industry develops the various voltage stabilizer not needing to use electric capacity of voltage regulation gradually, and these voltage stabilizers often have complicated circuit for detecting, be used for detecting the dynamic change of load end output voltage, and carry out the drive current of dynamic conditioning voltage stabilizer according to the change of the output voltage detected.A kind of common mode adopts N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor (N-typemetaloxidesemiconductorfield-effecttransistor, NMOS) P type metal-oxide half field effect transistor (P-typemetaloxidesemiconductorfield-effecttransistor, PMOS) is replaced as supplying electric transistor.But, the output voltage setting range of N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor is less, and when the rapid rising of the demand current of load end, the grid-source voltage (Vgs) of N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor can significantly increase, cause source voltage to decline fast, stable output voltage cannot be reached.Therefore, U.S. Patent Publication No. US2009/0212753A1 and United States Patent (USP) certificate number US7,105,033 teaches another kind of circuit structure respectively, its main concept is all utilize comparer to compare output voltage and reference voltage, when dropping to certain level to be subject to the impact of load extraction immediate current at output voltage, open the current needs that moment is supplied in instantaneous electric current source, and adopt another comparer to compare output voltage and another reference voltage, with output current is excessive cause output voltage too high time close this immediate current source.But the voltage stabilizer of this type often needs more complicated circuit design, thus improve circuit cost and extra electrical source consumption, and immediate current source just must be opened after output voltage produces comparatively obviously decline, the limited efficiency of its regulated output voltage.In addition, the circuit due to this type has two groups of comparers, and uses two groups of control loops to control, and is easier to stability problem occurs.
Along with the progress of technique, the density of digital circuit is more and more high, and functional more and more strong, the immediate current produced is also more and more large.Therefore, the existing reaction velocity not comprising the voltage stabilizer of electric capacity of voltage regulation is limited, is not inconsistent demand.Even comprise the voltage stabilizer of electric capacity of voltage regulation, when load end demand current is more and more large, its voltage regulation result is more easily subject to the impact of the spurious impedance of chip exterior or internal circuit and reduces.Given this, real necessity having improvement of prior art.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, fundamental purpose of the present invention be namely to provide a kind of can the current source of rapid adjustment output current and voltage stabilizer (voltageregulator), with when load end needs a large amount of immediate current, the size of rapid adjustment output current, and then reach the effect of regulated output voltage, avoid output voltage to be dragged down by load current simultaneously and cause circuit malfunction.
The present invention discloses a kind of current source, is used for rapid adjustment one first output current, and described current source comprises certain current generating module, is coupled to a Controlling vertex, is used for generation one rated current to flow through described Controlling vertex, to determine a voltage of described Controlling vertex; One electric capacity, is coupled to an output terminal of described current source; One curent change detecting module, is coupled between described Controlling vertex and described electric capacity, is used for, when the described output terminal of described current source receives instantaneous electric current change, making the described voltage of described Controlling vertex produce a change by described electric capacity; And a transconcluctance amplifier, be coupled between described Controlling vertex and described output terminal, be used for, when the described voltage of described Controlling vertex produces described change, changing the size of described first output current of described output terminal accordingly.
The present invention also discloses a kind of voltage stabilizer, comprises an impact damper, a current source and a voltage stabilizing amplifier.Described impact damper is coupled between an output terminal of described voltage stabilizer and a rapid reaction control end, is used for generation one output current.Described current source is coupled to described impact damper, and described current source comprises certain current generating module, is coupled to a Controlling vertex, is used for generation one rated current to flow through described Controlling vertex, to determine a voltage of described Controlling vertex; One electric capacity, is coupled to the described output terminal of described voltage stabilizer; One curent change detecting module, is coupled between described Controlling vertex and described electric capacity, is used for, when the described output terminal of described voltage stabilizer receives instantaneous electric current change, making the described voltage of described Controlling vertex produce a change by described electric capacity; And a transconcluctance amplifier, be coupled between described Controlling vertex and described rapid reaction control end, be used for when the described voltage of described Controlling vertex produces described change, a corresponding output signal is produced, to control the size that described impact damper changes described output current at described rapid reaction control end.Described voltage stabilizing amplifier is coupled between the described output terminal of described voltage stabilizer and described rapid reaction control end, is used for locking a steady state voltage of described output terminal, and determines a bias voltage of described rapid reaction control end.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one current source.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of current source.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the another kind of embodiment of current source.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the another kind of embodiment of current source.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one voltage stabilizer.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of the voltage stabilizer of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of another voltage stabilizer of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of the voltage stabilizer of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of another voltage stabilizer of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of the voltage stabilizer of Fig. 9.
Wherein, description of reference numerals is as follows:
10 current sources
102 determine current generating module
104 curent change detecting modules
106 transconcluctance amplifiers
C1, CMP1, CMN1, CMP2, CMN2 electric capacity
R1, RDCP, RDCN resistance
N_CTRL, N_CTRL1, N_CTRL2 Controlling vertex
N_OUT output terminal
IOUT output current
MP1, MP2, MP3, MP3 ', MP4, P type metal-oxide half field effect transistor
MP5
MN1, MN2, MN3, MN3 ', MN4, N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor
MN5、MN0
NDP1, NDN1, NDP4, NDN4 node
50,70,90 voltage stabilizers
500,700,900 voltage stabilizing amplifiers
502,702,902 amplifiers
504,506,704,706,904,906 divider resistances
Vref reference voltage
VOUT output voltage
708,908 impact dampers
710 transfer resistances
N_FAST rapid reaction control end
V_FAST control voltage
Embodiment
Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one current source 10.As shown in Figure 1, current source 10 comprises certain current generating module 102, electric capacity C1, curent change detecting module 104 and a transconcluctance amplifier 106.Determine current generating module 102 and be coupled to a Controlling vertex N_CTRL, being used for generation one rated current flows through Controlling vertex N_CTRL, to determine the voltage of Controlling vertex N_CTRL.The fundamental purpose of rated current is used to the bias voltage adjusting Controlling vertex N_CTRL, and when avoiding too much power consumption, rated current can be set as less electric current.Electric capacity C1 is coupled between an output terminal N_OUT of current source 10 and curent change detecting module 104.Curent change detecting module 104 is coupled between Controlling vertex N_CTRL and electric capacity C1, and it can, when the output terminal N_OUT of current source 10 receives instantaneous electric current change, make the voltage of Controlling vertex N_CTRL produce corresponding change by electric capacity C1.Transconcluctance amplifier 106 is coupled between Controlling vertex N_CTRL and output terminal N_OUT, when the voltage of Controlling vertex N_CTRL changes, transconcluctance amplifier 106 according to the change in voltage of Controlling vertex N_CTRL, can change the size of the output current IO UT of output terminal N_OUT accordingly.In one embodiment, current source 10 also comprises a resistance R1, and resistance R1 is coupled to Controlling vertex N_CTRL and determines between current generating module 102, can produce the change in voltage that another immediate current offsets Controlling vertex N_CTRL in order to avoid determining current generating module 102.
Specifically, current source 10 can be used to the electric current provided needed for chip system, and the circuit that therefore in system, any needs are powered all can be considered the load of current source 10.When load current changes instantaneously, electric capacity C1 meeting immediate response, makes the voltage of Controlling vertex N_CTRL change.Then, transconcluctance amplifier 106 according to the voltage swing of Controlling vertex N_CTRL, can export corresponding output current IO UT.For example, when load transients needs a large amount of electric current, from Circuits System, any stray capacitance that there is electric charge can extract electric current, therefore also can extract electric current from electric capacity C1, cause the voltage drop of the Controlling vertex N_CTRL being coupled to electric capacity C1.When transconcluctance amplifier 106 detects the voltage drop of Controlling vertex N_CTRL, the size of output current IO UT can be promoted, make output current IO UT meet the load current demand of moment, and then avoid output voltage dragged down by load current and cause circuit malfunction.On the other hand, when the demand current instantaneous reduction of load end, because output current IO UT is comparatively large, superfluous electric current can cause the voltage rise of Controlling vertex N_CTRL by electric capacity C1.When transconcluctance amplifier 106 detects the voltage rise of Controlling vertex N_CTRL, the size of output current IO UT can be reduced, even can extract superfluous output current IO UT, excessively rise to avoid output voltage and cause circuit malfunction or produce harmful effect.
It should be noted that, in existing current source or voltage regulator circuit, DC loop and ac circuit are normally built in same feedback circuit, if when improving loop bandwidth for the reaction velocity in motor current source, the often stability of sacrifice circuit.On the other hand, under the consideration of stability, its reaction velocity will inevitably be therefore limited.In comparison, according to the circuit structure of Fig. 1, determining current generating module 102 and resistance R1 can construction DC loop, and electric capacity C1, curent change detecting module 104 and transconcluctance amplifier 106 can construction ac circuits (small-signal loop).In the case, DC loop and ac circuit are what to separate.Therefore, if the reaction velocity in wish motor current source, only need the bandwidth of lifting ac circuit and do not need to adjust DC loop, making the stability that DC loop can reach higher.
Please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of current source 10.As shown in Figure 2, the circuit structure of current source 10 can comprise P type metal-oxide half field effect transistor (P-typemetaloxidesemiconductorfield-effecttransistor, PMOS) MP1, MP2 and MP3, N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor (N-typemetaloxidesemiconductorfield-effecttransistor, NMOS) MN1, MN2 and MN3, electric capacity CMP1 and CMN1 and resistance RDCP.In the circuit structure of Fig. 2, P type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MP1 and MP3 is with the configuration of current mirror (currentmirror) form, and N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MN1 and MN3 is then used for sinking to the electric current of (sink) P type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MP1 and MP3 respectively.P type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MP2 and N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MN2 is coupled between transistor MP1 and MN1, Controlling vertex N_CTRL1 then between transistor MP2 and MN2, to be controlled the voltage swing of Controlling vertex N_CTRL1 by transistor MP2 and MN2.Electric capacity CMP1 is coupled between output terminal N_OUT and node NDP1, and wherein, output terminal N_OUT is between transistor MP3 and MN3, and node NDP1 is between transistor MP1 and MP2.Electric capacity CMN1 is coupled between output terminal N_OUT and node NDN1, and wherein, node NDN1 is between transistor MN1 and MN2.Electric capacity CMP1 and CMN1 can be considered a part of the electric capacity C1 of Fig. 1.Between the grid that resistance RDCP is coupled to transistor MP1 and Controlling vertex N_CTRL1, it can be considered a part of the resistance R1 of Fig. 1.
According to the current mirror that transistor MP1 and MP3 is formed, under stable state, the size of output current IO UT (namely by the electric current of transistor MP3) can be substantially equal to the size of the rated current by transistor MP1 and Controlling vertex N_CTRL1.When load transients extracts a large amount of electric current, the charge extraction that load can store from electric capacity CMP1 and CMN1 via output terminal N_OUT, the voltage of node NDP1 and NDN1 is caused to decline fast, the voltage drop of node NDP1 can cause transistor MP2 to close rapidly, and the voltage drop of node NDN1 can be caused and significantly increased by the electric current of transistor MN2, this electric current can cause the voltage of Controlling vertex N_CTRL1 fast and decline significantly, makes transistor MP3 export a large amount of electric current.By above-mentioned running, transistor MP3 can provide a large amount of electric currents needed for load instantaneously.It should be noted that, resistance RDCP is there is between the grid of transistor MP1 and Controlling vertex N_CTRL1, its object is to, when the voltage of Controlling vertex N_CTRL1 declines fast, resistance RDCP can avoid the grid voltage of transistor MP1 to decline thereupon and fast, and causes transistor MP1 to make the voltage of Controlling vertex N_CTRL1 go up (change in voltage namely offsetting Controlling vertex N_CTRL1) fast quickly through a large amount of electric current.In other words, resistance RDCP can reduce the reaction velocity of transistor MP1, makes the voltage of Controlling vertex N_CTRL1 export enough electric currents at output terminal N_OUT and gos up after meeting loading demand again.
Except meeting rapidly load end demand current, current source of the present invention also when output current is excessive, can provide the path sinking to excess current rapidly.Please refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the another kind of embodiment of current source 10.As shown in Figure 3, the circuit structure of current source 10 can comprise P type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MP3 ', MP4 and MP5, N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MN3 ', MN4 and MN5, electric capacity CMP2 and CMN2 and resistance RDCN.In the circuit structure of Fig. 3, N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MN3 ' and MN4 is with the configuration of current mirror form, and P type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MP3 ' and MP4 is then respectively as the current source (source) of N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MN3 ' and MN4.P type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MP5 and N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MN5 is coupled between transistor MP4 and MN4, Controlling vertex N_CTRL2 then between transistor MP5 and MN5, to be controlled the voltage swing of Controlling vertex N_CTRL2 by transistor MP5 and MN5.Electric capacity CMP2 is coupled between output terminal N_OUT and node NDP4, and wherein, output terminal N_OUT is positioned between transistor MP3 ' and MN3 ', and node NDP4 is between transistor MP4 and MP5.Electric capacity CMN2 is coupled between output terminal N_OUT and node NDN4, and wherein, node NDN4 is between transistor MN4 and MN5.Electric capacity CMP2 and CMN2 can be considered a part of the electric capacity C1 of Fig. 1.Between the grid that resistance RDCN is coupled to transistor MN4 and Controlling vertex N_CTRL2, it can be considered a part of the resistance R1 of Fig. 1.
According to the current mirror that transistor MN3 ' and MN4 is formed, under stable state, the size of output current IO UT (namely by the electric current of transistor MN3 ') can be substantially equal to the size of the rated current by transistor MN4 and Controlling vertex N_CTRL2.When the demand current instantaneous reduction of load, superfluous electric current can pour in electric capacity CMP2 and CMN2 via output terminal N_OUT, the voltage of node NDP4 and NDN4 is caused to rise fast, the voltage rise of node NDN4 can cause transistor MN5 to close rapidly, and the voltage rise of node NDP4 can be caused and significantly increased by the electric current of transistor MP5, this electric current can cause the voltage of Controlling vertex N_CTRL2 fast and rise significantly, makes transistor MN3 ' sink to a large amount of electric current.By above-mentioned running, transistor MN3 ' can form the path can sinking to a large amount of electric current instantaneously.It should be noted that, resistance RDCN is there is between the grid of transistor MN4 and Controlling vertex N_CTRL2, its object is to, when the voltage of Controlling vertex N_CTRL2 rises fast, resistance RDCN can avoid the grid voltage of transistor MN4 to rise thereupon and fast, and causes transistor MN4 the voltage of Controlling vertex N_CTRL2 to be returned fast fall (namely offsetting the change in voltage of Controlling vertex N_CTRL2) quickly through a large amount of electric current.In other words, resistance RDCN can reduce the reaction velocity of transistor MN4, makes the voltage of Controlling vertex N_CTRL2 sink to transistor MN3 ' at the excess current of output terminal N_OUT and returns later again and fall.
It should be noted that current source 10 also can possess Quick for a large amount of electric current and the function sinking to a large amount of electric current fast simultaneously.Please refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the another kind of embodiment of current source 10.The circuit structure of Fig. 4 can be considered the combination of the circuit structure of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, and the assembly that therefore function is identical and signal all represent with same-sign.Wherein, the function of transistor MP3 and MN3 of Fig. 4 and function mode are identical with transistor MP3 and MN3 of Fig. 2 respectively, are also same as transistor MP3 ' and the MN3 ' of Fig. 3.Detailed Operation mode about the circuit structure of Fig. 4 with reference to the above-mentioned explanation being relevant to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, can be not repeated herein.
Current source 10 of the present invention can be applicable to various types of voltage stabilizer, with for system requirements, stably export a rated voltage to load end, in the case, the output terminal of current source 10 also can be coupled to amplifier, divider resistance and other associated component, to form the framework of voltage stabilizer.Please refer to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one voltage stabilizer 50.As shown in Figure 5, voltage stabilizer 50 comprises current source 10 and a voltage stabilizing amplifier 500.Voltage stabilizing amplifier 500 can be used to the output voltage VO UT locking voltage stabilizer 50 output terminal, and it comprises an amplifier 502 and divider resistance 504,506.The output terminal of amplifier 502 is coupled to the output terminal of current source 10, using the output terminal as voltage stabilizer 50, is used to provide output voltage VO UT to load.Divider resistance 504,506 can form a feedback circuit, with according to a reference voltage Vref, the steady state output voltage VOUT of voltage stabilizer 50 output terminal is locked in a predetermined value.When the demand current of load end is fixed (under stable state), the value of output voltage VO UT is controlled by voltage stabilizing amplifier 500, and current source 10 does not affect the value of output voltage VO UT; When rapid change occurs the demand current of load end, be then supply a large amount of electric current by current source 10 Quick or sink to a large amount of electric current.
Please refer to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of voltage stabilizer 50.As shown in Figure 6, the circuit structure that current source 10 adopts Fig. 4 to illustrate, and the amplifier 502 of arranging in pairs or groups in voltage stabilizing amplifier 500 and divider resistance 504,506 are to realize the circuit structure of voltage stabilizer 50.Detailed Operation mode about the circuit structure of Fig. 6 with reference to the above-mentioned explanation being relevant to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, can be not repeated herein.
In one embodiment, current source 10 can not direct output current, but the electric current exported is fast-changing output voltage by an impedance transformation, and then control an impact damper output current, and promoted the speed of load for induced current by the thrust of impact damper.Please refer to Fig. 7, Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of another voltage stabilizer 70 of the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 7, voltage stabilizer 70 comprises current source 10, voltage stabilizing amplifier 700, impact damper 708 and a transfer resistance 710.Voltage stabilizing amplifier 700 can be used to the output voltage VO UT locking voltage stabilizer 70 output terminal, and it comprises an amplifier 702 and divider resistance 704,706.The output terminal of amplifier 702 is coupled to the output terminal of impact damper 708, using the output terminal as voltage stabilizer 70, is used to provide output voltage VO UT to load.Divider resistance 704,706 can form a feedback circuit, with according to a reference voltage Vref, the steady state output voltage VOUT of voltage stabilizer 70 output terminal is locked in a predetermined value.Current source 10 can be carried out the immediate current that rapid reaction exports and be converted to voltage by transfer resistance 710, and produces change in voltage fast at a rapid reaction control end N_FAST.Rapid reaction control end N_FAST and then controller buffer 708 output current to load.When the demand current of load end is fixed (under stable state), the value of output voltage VO UT is controlled by voltage stabilizing amplifier 700, and current source 10 and impact damper 708 do not affect the value of output voltage VO UT; When rapid change occurs the demand current of load end, be then supply a large amount of electric current by current source 10 and rapid reaction control end N_FAST controller buffer 708 Quick.
Please refer to Fig. 8, Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of voltage stabilizer 70.As shown in Figure 8, the circuit structure that current source 10 adopts Fig. 4 to illustrate but connected mode is slightly different, impact damper 708 can be a N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MN0, and the amplifier 702 of arranging in pairs or groups in voltage stabilizing amplifier 700 and divider resistance 704,706 and transfer resistance 710 are to realize the circuit structure of voltage stabilizer 70.The one end of electric capacity CMP1, CMP2, CMN1 and CMN2 in current source 10 is coupled to the output terminal of voltage stabilizer 70, and the other end is coupled to node NDP1, NDP4, NDN1 and NDN4 respectively.The drain electrode of transistor MP3 and MN3 is then coupled to rapid reaction control end N_FAST.The grid of N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MN0 is coupled to rapid reaction control end N_FAST, and drain electrode is coupled to power source supply end, and source electrode is coupled to the output terminal of voltage stabilizer 70.In fig. 8, it is a resistance that transfer resistance 710 illustrates, but in other embodiments, the transistor (diode-connectedtransistor) of transfer resistance 710 also by connecting into diode-connected realizes, the electric current that current source 10 exports to be converted to by its equivalent resistance a control voltage V_FAST of rapid reaction control end N_FAST, and be not limited thereto.
Specifically, when the load transients of voltage stabilizer 70 extracts a large amount of electric current, by the rapid reaction of current source 10, transistor MP3 can export a large amount of electric current instantaneously.This electric current can flow to transfer resistance 710 via rapid reaction control end N_FAST, the control voltage V_FAST of rapid reaction control end N_FAST is made to increase fast, and then control N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MN0 exports a large amount of electric current to load, instantaneously with Quick for the electric current needed for load.Compared to the mode directly being outputed current to load by current source 10, voltage stabilizer 70 promotes the ability promoting load by the impact damper 708 that thrust is stronger, can promote the speed of output current further.On the other hand, when the demand current of load declines instantaneously, by the rapid reaction of current source 10, transistor MN3 can sink to a large amount of electric current instantaneously.This electric current can be absorbed by current source 10 from transfer resistance 710 via rapid reaction control end N_FAST, the control voltage V_FAST of rapid reaction control end N_FAST is declined fast, and then control transistor MN0 closes instantaneously, to reduce rapidly the size of output current or to stop supply output current.
It should be noted that the running making rapid reaction control end N_FAST control transistor MN0 reaches optimization, the control voltage V_FAST of rapid reaction control end N_FAST should be locked in a particular level under stable state.Preferably, control voltage V_FAST can be set as the size of the critical voltage (thresholdvoltage) adding transistor MN0 equal or close to output voltage VO UT.In other words, rough the equaling of control voltage V_FAST makes the critical value of transistor MN0 between opening and closing.Therefore, in a steady-state condition, control voltage V_FAST is positioned at the level can opening N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MN0 just, makes transistor MN0 export a small amount of electric current.When load transients extracts a large amount of electric current, control voltage V_FAST only needs to promote a little and can control transistor MN0 and export a large amount of electric current instantaneously.When output current is excessive, control voltage V_FAST also only needs to decline a little and can control transistor MN0 and close.In the case, the reaction of voltage stabilizer 70 and current source 10 pairs of load transients curent changes can reach the fastest.If the level of control voltage V_FAST setting is too low, when load transients extracts a large amount of electric current, control voltage V_FAST start to rise to have a bit of time transistor MN0 before transistor MN0 opens cannot output current; On the other hand, if the level of control voltage V_FAST setting is too high, except steady-state current may excessive except, when current source 10 detect output current excessive time, control voltage V_FAST has a bit of time transistor MN0 before dropping to and closing transistor MN0 still can continue output current.
In voltage stabilizer 70 circuit structure of Fig. 8, the steady state voltage of control voltage V_FAST is by the rated current of current source 10 under lower state and the resistance decision of transfer resistance 710.Due to technologic skew, no matter transfer resistance 710 is realized by any type of resistance or the transistor connecting into diode-connected, all can there is error to a certain degree in its resistance, rated current also has error simultaneously, causes the accuracy of the steady state voltage of control voltage V_FAST lower.Therefore, in one embodiment, also voltage stabilizing amplifier can be coupled to rapid reaction control end N_FAST, to lock control voltage V_FAST bias voltage in a steady-state condition.
Please refer to Fig. 9, Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of another voltage stabilizer 90 of the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 9, voltage stabilizer 90 comprises current source 10, voltage stabilizing amplifier 900 and an impact damper 908.Voltage stabilizing amplifier 900 can be used to the output voltage VO UT locking voltage stabilizer 90 output terminal, and it comprises an amplifier 902 and divider resistance 904,906.The output terminal of amplifier 902 is coupled to a rapid reaction control end N_FAST, and divider resistance 904,906 is coupled to the output terminal of impact damper 908, using the output terminal as voltage stabilizer 90, is used to provide output voltage VO UT to load.Divider resistance 904,906 can form a feedback circuit, with according to a reference voltage Vref, the steady state output voltage VOUT of voltage stabilizer 90 output terminal is locked in a predetermined value.When the demand current of load end is fixed (under stable state), the value of output voltage VO UT is controlled by voltage stabilizing amplifier 900, and current source 10 does not affect the value of output voltage VO UT; When rapid change occurs the demand current of load end, be then supply a large amount of electric current by current source 10 and rapid reaction control end N_FAST controller buffer 908 Quick.
Voltage stabilizer 90 is with the Main Differences of voltage stabilizer 70, in voltage stabilizer 70, the output terminal of amplifier 702 is coupled to the output terminal of voltage stabilizer 70, and in voltage stabilizer 90, the output terminal of amplifier 902 is then be coupled to rapid reaction control end N_FAST, is used for controlling the bias voltage (the control voltage V_FAST namely under stable state) of rapid reaction control end N_FAST.In the case, voltage stabilizing amplifier 900 can, by the bias voltage control of rapid reaction control end N_FAST at preferably level, make control voltage V_FAST add the size of the critical voltage of transistor MN0 equal or close to output voltage VO UT.In addition, the equivalent output impedance of amplifier 902 provides the equivalent resistance of rapid reaction control end N_FAST to earth terminal, and therefore voltage stabilizer 90 does not need to comprise transfer resistance again.
Please refer to Figure 10, Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of voltage stabilizer 90.As shown in Figure 10, the circuit structure that current source 10 adopts Fig. 4 to illustrate, its connected mode is same as the current source 10 of Fig. 8, impact damper 908 can be a N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MN0, and the amplifier 902 of arranging in pairs or groups in voltage stabilizing amplifier 900 and divider resistance 904,906 are to realize the circuit structure of voltage stabilizer 90.In Fig. 10, the function mode of N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MN0 and effect are same as the N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MN0 of Fig. 8, therefore represent with same-sign.Because voltage stabilizer 90 does not comprise transfer resistance, the equivalent output impedance of amplifier 902 provides the function being same as transfer resistance.Specifically, when the load transients of voltage stabilizer 90 extracts a large amount of electric current, by the rapid reaction of current source 10, transistor MP3 can export a large amount of electric current instantaneously.This electric current can flow to the equivalent output impedance of amplifier 902 via rapid reaction control end N_FAST, the control voltage V_FAST of rapid reaction control end N_FAST is made to increase fast, and then control N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor MN0 exports a large amount of electric current to load, instantaneously with Quick for the electric current needed for load.On the other hand, when the demand current of load declines instantaneously, by the rapid reaction of current source 10, transistor MN3 can sink to a large amount of electric current instantaneously.This electric current can be absorbed by current source 10 from the equivalent output impedance of amplifier 902 via rapid reaction control end N_FAST, the control voltage V_FAST of rapid reaction control end N_FAST is declined fast, and then control transistor MN0 closes instantaneously, to reduce rapidly the size of output current or to stop supply output current.
Existing current source and voltage stabilizer are (as U.S. Patent Publication No. US2009/0212753A1 and United States Patent (USP) certificate number US7,105,033) all must detect output voltage, with produce heavy demand electric current at load transients and detect output voltage drop to a certain degree time, open instantaneous electric current source and supply the current needs of load end.Be adjust output current according to change in voltage compared to existing current source, the present invention adjusts output current according to load current, and therefore reaction velocity is very fast.Specifically, the change due to output voltage is that loading demand electric current changes the result caused, and therefore, compared to the change of detecting output voltage, directly can reach reaction velocity faster according to load current adjustment output current.Ideally, when circuit reaction velocity is enough fast, do not need to wait for that output voltage changes, the electric current needed for load can be provided before the change of output current causes output voltage to produce fluctuation.Thus, the fluctuation that output voltage produces because load current changes will minimize, and make the voltage regulation result that voltage stabilizer reaches best.
It should be noted that, current source of the present invention can when there is heavy demand electric current in load, generation output current provides and gives load rapidly, and the fluctuation that output voltage is produced because load current changes minimizes, and then makes the voltage regulation result of voltage stabilizer reach optimization.Those skilled in the art when carrying out according to this modifying or changing, and is not limited thereto.For example, the realization of current source 10 according to system requirements, can adopt the circuit structure shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 or Fig. 4, or adopts other circuit structure to export rapid-action electric current.In addition, the implementation of voltage stabilizer is also not limited to above-mentioned voltage stabilizer 50,70 and 90.Current source of the present invention can arrange in pairs or groups the mu balanced circuit of various different structure to realize dissimilar voltage stabilizer, and is not limited thereto.
For example, for reaching better stability, also a miller compensation (Millercompensation) electric capacity can be configured between the anti-phase output stage in the output terminal of voltage stabilizer 90 and amplifier 902.Miller compensation electric capacity can be used to the stability improving the loop that voltage stabilizing amplifier 900 is formed with impact damper 908, reduces the bandwidth in described loop simultaneously, and then reduces the reaction velocity of voltage stabilizing amplifier 900.As mentioned above, when there is rapid change in the demand current of load, be produce rapid reaction by current source 10, and adjust the control voltage V_FAST of rapid reaction control end N_FAST by the output current of current source 10, with controller buffer 908 Quick for a large amount of electric current.Therefore, the reaction velocity reducing voltage stabilizing amplifier 900 can avoid voltage stabilizing amplifier 900 to affect control voltage V_FAST in short-term, and its controller buffer 908 Quick is affected for the effect of electric current.
In sum, current source of the present invention can when the demand current of load increases instantaneously, and generation output current provides and gives load fast, also when the demand current instantaneous reduction of load, can reduce the size of output current fast or provide the path sinking to a large amount of electric current.Current source can directly export immediate current to load end, also can provide output current instantaneously by controller buffer, to promote the speed of load for induced current.Use the voltage stabilizer of above-mentioned current source according to the demand current of load, output current can be produced rapidly and produce big ups and downs to avoid output voltage, reach best voltage regulation result whereby, avoid output voltage to be dragged down by load current simultaneously and cause circuit malfunction.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a current source, is used for rapid adjustment one first output current, and described current source comprises:
Certain current generating module, is coupled to a Controlling vertex, is used for generation one rated current to flow through described Controlling vertex, to determine a voltage of described Controlling vertex;
One electric capacity, is coupled to an output terminal of described current source;
One curent change detecting module, is coupled between described Controlling vertex and described electric capacity, is used for, when the described output terminal of described current source receives instantaneous electric current change, making the described voltage of described Controlling vertex produce a change by described electric capacity; And
One transconcluctance amplifier, is coupled between described Controlling vertex and described output terminal, is used for, when the described voltage of described Controlling vertex produces described change, changing the size of described first output current of described output terminal accordingly.
2. current source as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise:
One resistance, is coupled to described Controlling vertex, is used for avoiding describedly determining current generating module and producing the described change that another immediate current offsets the described voltage of described Controlling vertex.
3. current source as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described output terminal of described current source is coupled to an impact damper, exports one second output current to control described impact damper.
4. current source as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described impact damper is a N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor, one drain electrode is coupled to a power source supply end, one source pole is coupled to described electric capacity and a grid is coupled to described output terminal, described current source, according to a load change of the described source electrode of described N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor, controls described N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor and exports described second output current.
5. current source as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, describedly determines current generating module and comprises a current mirror, and with under stable state, the size controlling described first output current equals the size of described rated current.
6. a voltage stabilizer, comprising:
One impact damper, is coupled between an output terminal of described voltage stabilizer and a rapid reaction control end, is used for generation one output current;
One current source, is coupled to described impact damper, and described current source comprises:
Certain current generating module, is coupled to a Controlling vertex, is used for generation one rated current to flow through described Controlling vertex, to determine a voltage of described Controlling vertex;
One electric capacity, is coupled to the described output terminal of described voltage stabilizer;
One curent change detecting module, is coupled between described Controlling vertex and described electric capacity, is used for, when the described output terminal of described voltage stabilizer receives instantaneous electric current change, making the described voltage of described Controlling vertex produce a change by described electric capacity; And
One transconcluctance amplifier, be coupled between described Controlling vertex and described rapid reaction control end, be used for when the described voltage of described Controlling vertex produces described change, a corresponding output signal is produced, to control the size that described impact damper changes described output current at described rapid reaction control end; And
One voltage stabilizing amplifier, is coupled between the described output terminal of described voltage stabilizer and described rapid reaction control end, is used for locking an output voltage of described output terminal, and determines a bias voltage of described rapid reaction control end.
7. voltage stabilizer as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described current source also comprises:
One resistance, is coupled to described Controlling vertex, is used for avoiding describedly determining current generating module and producing the described change that another immediate current offsets the described voltage of described Controlling vertex.
8. voltage stabilizer as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described impact damper is a N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor, and the described output terminal that a drain electrode of described N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor is coupled to a power source supply end, one source pole is coupled to described voltage stabilizer and a grid are coupled to described rapid reaction control end.
9. voltage stabilizer as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described rapid reaction control end is coupled to an output terminal of described voltage stabilizing amplifier, adds the size of a critical voltage of described N-type metal-oxide half field effect transistor with the described bias voltage controlling described rapid reaction control end equal or close to described output voltage.
10. voltage stabilizer as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprise:
One miller compensation electric capacity, is coupled between the anti-phase output stage in the described output terminal of described voltage stabilizer and described voltage stabilizing amplifier, is used for improving the stability in the loop that described voltage stabilizing amplifier and described impact damper are formed.
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| CN103186158A (en) * | 2012-01-03 | 2013-07-03 | 南亚科技股份有限公司 | Voltage regulator with Improved voltage regulator response and reduced voltage drop |
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| US6054901A (en) * | 1997-10-02 | 2000-04-25 | Motorola, Inc. | Low noise preamplifier |
| CN1432885A (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2003-07-30 | 威盛电子股份有限公司 | Voltage stabilizing circuit with current mirror to compensate current and prevent initial overcurrent and its contol method |
| US20090212753A1 (en) * | 2008-02-21 | 2009-08-27 | Mediatek Inc. | Voltage regulator having fast response to abrupt load transients |
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