CN105272755A - Compound fertilizer special for tobacco growth - Google Patents
Compound fertilizer special for tobacco growth Download PDFInfo
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- CN105272755A CN105272755A CN201510755298.1A CN201510755298A CN105272755A CN 105272755 A CN105272755 A CN 105272755A CN 201510755298 A CN201510755298 A CN 201510755298A CN 105272755 A CN105272755 A CN 105272755A
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- tobacco
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- fertilizer special
- fermentation
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Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides compound fertilizer special for tobacco growth. The compound fertilizer is prepared from organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, soil structure conditioners and traditional Chinese medicine powder. According to the compound fertilizer special for the tobacco growth, the application quantity of chemicals in tobacco production can be decreased, the quality and safety can be improved, the colletotricum destructivum can be prevented and controlled, and the very important significance on promoting the sustainable development of tobacco production is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, particularly relate to tobacco growing compound fertilizer special.
Background technology
Tobacco is extraordinary leaf that a kind of economic worth is higher with cash crop, and tobacco planting industry occupies an important position in Chinese national economy, in some areas using as topmost cash crop.Because the requirement of tobacco to quality is far longer than the requirement to output, and along with China joined WTO, the research how improving Flue-cured tobacco Quality is seemed especially important.And the growth of High Quality Tobacco has comparatively strict requirement to soil type and character thereof.Along with people's life and the raising of the level of consumption, the demand of high-quality, high-grade cigarette is increased day by day, how to improve yield of flue-cured tobacco and quality is one of main research of tobacco industry always.
In recent years, for the consideration to vega disease and pest and cigarette strain growth aspect, generally do not advocate using of fertilizer at this season of tobacco, the fertilising of tobacco is based on inorganic states nutrient.Vega is used formula chemical fertilizer and is rolled up, and organic fertilizer application significantly reduces with giving back, and this predatoriness uses the method in soil that soil organic matter content is reduced, soil compaction, and utilization rate of fertilizer is on the low side, and the production performance in biological activity and arable land declines.Because soil multiple crop index is high, soil total quality is degenerated serious, and organic content reduces, and soil physical and chemical property worsens the reality having become China's tobacco-growing soil, the Sustainable development of serious threat tobacco.Secondly, the single chemical fertilizer of long-term application, cause various trace element in soil to consume excessively, moreover using of single fertilizer also causes utilization rate of fertilizer, the reduction of contribution to yield rate, and causes certain environmental pollution.
Organic fertilizer kind is many, and nutrient is comprehensive, and fertilizer efficiency is lasting, not only containing macroelement, trace element that plant is required, also containing abundant organic nutrient.Fertilizer can not only improve the nutritional needs of flue-cured tobacco to trace element, the Balance Absorption of macroelement can also be promoted, nutritive ingredient is coordinated more, tobacco leaf chemical composition can be made to coordinate, interior quality improves, biological organic fertilizer then has increases soil fertility, improve soil microorganisms environment, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, strengthen the advantages such as cigarette strain resistance against diseases, study its promotion and application on tobacco, meet the developing direction of nuisanceless leaf tobacco production.
From tobacco leaf production Sustainable development to the protection needs of ploughing; organic matter is rich in by handle; humic acid, active organic fertilizer and the mineral nutrient fertilizer of amino acids are reasonably combined, supplement the organic nutrient of tobacco-growing soil from fertilising means; improve Variation of Integrated Soil Fertility; promote that cigarette strain is to the Balance Absorption of mineral nutrition, improves tobacco plant nutrition and soil physico-chemical property, improve quality of tobacco and utilization rate of fertilizer; increase fertilising benefit, reach the object of sustainable development of leaf tobacco production.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of tobacco growing compound fertilizer special, it can reduce the amount of application of chemical in tobacco leaf production, improving quality and security, prevent and treat Colletotricum destructivum, improving promoting that the Sustainable development of tobacco leaf production has very important significance.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of tobacco growing compound fertilizer special, its raw material comprises organic fertilizer, mineral manure, soil conditioner and Chinese medicinal powder.
Wherein, described mineral manure part comprises urea, potassium primary phosphate and potassium sulfate.
Wherein, described organic fertilizer part comprises dregs of beans, humic acid, swine excrement, maize straw, swelling agent, wheat bran, EM fermenting agent.
In described compound manure, the weight of each raw material is respectively dregs of beans 30 weight part ~ 40 weight part, humic acid 5 weight part ~ 10 weight part, swine excrement 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part, maize straw 30 weight part ~ 40 weight part, swelling agent 0.5 weight part ~ 2 weight part, wheat bran 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, EM fermenting agent 0.05 weight part ~ 0.1 weight part, urea 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part, potassium primary phosphate 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part and potassium sulfate 5 weight part ~ 10 weight part, soil conditioner 0.5 weight part ~ 1 weight part and Chinese medicinal powder 2 weight part ~ 5 weight part.
Wherein, soil conditioner is specially high molecular polymer β-thioether ester-epsilon-caprolactone copolymer.
Wherein, described Chinese medicinal powder is prepared from by mysorethorn, river paddy root, Root of Java Campanumoea, Stem of Sargentgloryvine, Fructus Cnidii, safflower, golden cypress and Rhizome of Glabrous Greenbrier.
Wherein, in described Chinese medicinal powder, the weight part of each raw material is respectively mysorethorn 30 weight part ~ 40 weight part, paddy root 25 weight part ~ 35, river weight part, Root of Java Campanumoea 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part, Stem of Sargentgloryvine 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, Fructus Cnidii 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, safflower 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part, golden cypress 30 weight part ~ 40 weight part and Rhizome of Glabrous Greenbrier 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of above-mentioned tobacco growing compound fertilizer special, it comprises:
The first step, the fermentation of organic fertilizer;
Second step, the preparation of Chinese medicinal powder;
3rd step, prepares soil conditioner;
4th step, is uniformly mixed urea, potassium primary phosphate and potassium sulfate, obtains mineral manure mixture;
5th step, the organic fertilizer fermentation product of the first step, the Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material medicinal powder that second step obtains, send in dry type Squeezinggranulator after the soil conditioner that 3rd step obtains and the mineral manure mixture that the 4th step obtains carry out mixing and stirring and carry out parcel granulation, obtain composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle;
6th step, carries out drying treatment to the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle of the 5th step, drying temperature 35 ~ 40 DEG C, and time of drying is 18 ~ 20h, pack after cooling.
Wherein, the described the first step is specially further and is evenly smashed to pieces by swine excrement, and moisture regulation is 55% ~ 65%, particle diameter is advisable with 0.5 ~ 1cm, above-mentioned swine excrement is mixed into swelling agent, then puts into bulking machine, control temperature 200 DEG C, and pressure is 10kg/cm
2, carry out puffing, make faecal pellet, faecal pellet pulverizer is pulverized and sieved, the expanded fine powder of cut-off footpath < 1.0mm, by above-mentioned expanded fine powder, dregs of beans, maize straw, wheat bran, humic acids, EM fermenting agent is uniformly mixed and forms fermentation materials together, fermentation vat is transported to after being uniformly mixed, in fermentation vat, bank is high 1 meter, the lagging material of the topped ventilation property in surface, leavening temperature Discrete control is at 30 ~ 35 DEG C, fermentation time is 8 ~ 10 days, in fermenting process, pH controls 5 ~ 6.5, pH4.5 ~ 4.7 are down to before taking off film, stablize the air flow between yeast phase, after two-stage fermentation, fermented-material is dried by reactor startup, and during oven dry, temperature of charge is not higher than 90 DEG C, obtaining moisture content is by weight percentage after the fermentation materials of 10% ~ 12%, then pulverizing obtains pulverous organic fertilizer composition.
Wherein, the preparation method of described β-thioether ester-epsilon-caprolactone copolymer is specially methyl 3 – ((2-hydroxyethyl) sulfo-) propionic acid and 6-caprolactone uses according to the ratio of mol ratio 0.6:0.4, the phenyl ether relative to methyl 3 – ((2-hydroxyethyl) sulfo-) propionic acid and 6-caprolactone monomer mass sum 3 times is dropped in reaction vessel, subsequently methyl 3 – ((2-hydroxyethyl) sulfo-) propionic acid and 6-caprolactone are successively put in reaction vessel according to mol ratio, adding the candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) accounting for methyl 3 – ((2-hydroxyethyl) sulfo-) propionic acid and 6-caprolactone monomer mass sum 8% (mass percent), control at the temperature of 90 DEG C, to stir 70h under the reduced pressure of 350mbar, reduced pressure is controlled by vacuum pump, following reaction chloroform cancellation stops, enzyme is removed by filtering, filtrate after filtration is concentrated removes phenyl ether solvent, remaining phenyl ether solvent is washed away further with hexane, product adopts hexane and chloroform to precipitate 3 times according to the mixed solvent that volume ratio 50:50 is formed, dry under vacuo subsequently.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Tobacco growing compound fertilizer special provided by the invention, it can reduce the amount of application of chemical in tobacco leaf production, improves quality and security, prevents and treats Colletotricum destructivum, improves promoting that the Sustainable development of tobacco leaf production has very important significance.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of tobacco growing compound fertilizer special, its raw material comprises organic fertilizer, mineral manure, soil conditioner and Chinese medicinal powder.
Further preferably, described tobacco growing compound fertilizer special is only prepared from by above-mentioned raw materials.
Described mineral manure part comprises urea, potassium primary phosphate and potassium sulfate.
Further preferably, described mineral manure part is only made up of these three kinds of compositions.
Described organic fertilizer part comprises dregs of beans, humic acid, swine excrement, maize straw, swelling agent, wheat bran, EM fermenting agent.
Further preferably, described organic fertilizer part is only prepared from by above-mentioned raw materials.
In described compound manure, the weight of each raw material is respectively dregs of beans 30 weight part ~ 40 weight part, humic acid 5 weight part ~ 10 weight part, swine excrement 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part, maize straw 30 weight part ~ 40 weight part, swelling agent 0.5 weight part ~ 2 weight part, wheat bran 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, EM fermenting agent 0.05 weight part ~ 0.1 weight part, urea 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part, potassium primary phosphate 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part and potassium sulfate 5 weight part ~ 10 weight part, soil conditioner 0.5 weight part ~ 1 weight part and Chinese medicinal powder 2 weight part ~ 5 weight part.
Further preferably, in described compound manure, the weight part of each raw material is respectively dregs of beans 35 weight part, humic acid 8 weight part, swine excrement 20 weight part, maize straw 35 weight part, swelling agent 1 weight part, wheat bran 30 weight part, EM fermenting agent 0.1 weight part, urea 20 weight part, potassium primary phosphate 15 weight part and potassium sulfate 8 weight part, soil conditioner 0.5 weight part and Chinese medicinal powder 3 weight part.
The nitrogen provided in mineral manure is the most important element affecting cigarette strain g and D and quality of tobacco.Nitrogen deficiency can cause cigarette strain poor growth, and strain stem is short and small, and pitch is short, and blade is little, and unit leaf area weight is low, the biosynthesis block of the materials such as protein, nucleic acid, phosphatide, and leaf area reduces, the jaundice of leaf look.During serious nitrogen stress, inferior leads is that light brown seemingly burns shape, and withered gradually and dead.Blade after modulation is thin and light, yields poorly, the light or grey of tobacco leaf color, smooth and lack desirable weave construction.When nitrogen is too much, blade is large and dark green, crisp and easily broken, cigarette strain excessive growth.Amount of nitrogen is excessive, and often can cause cigarette strain over growth, nitrogen metabolism is excessively prosperous, delay of maturation, and is formed " black sudden and violent cigarette ".Tobacco growing compares the early stage of tricky time in breeding time to phosphorus element.The nitrogen nutrition that cigarette strain absorbs needs the participation of phosphorus in the process of synthesizing amino acid and protein, can produce restraining effect, cause cessation of growth cessation when the phosphorus element in body lacks to the synthesis of protein.Potassium element can be recycled in plant materials, and it is extensive and even at tobacco plant distribution in vivo.Result of study shows, along with the increase of applied amount, the average plant height of Flue-cured Tobacco strain increases, stem girth increases thick, leaf area increase in various degree.
In soil, apply maize straw can play the coordination of promotion chemical composition, improve the effect of tobacco aroma quality and perfume quantity, improve middle and upper part tobacco quality.
Humic acids can play improvement tobacco-growing soil ecotope, increases the effect of tobacco leaf dry-matter accumulation, is conducive to ripening stage chlorophyllous fast degradation and tobacco leaf maturation and falls Huang.
Soil conditioner is specially high molecular polymer β-thioether ester-epsilon-caprolactone copolymer, the present invention finds that this high molecular polymer can be reunited grogs, Mierocrystalline cellulose is extracted from organic fertilizer, xylogen, the materials such as polyvalent carboxylic class, by its with functional group molecule and dispersion soil soil particle between be wound around, parcel, run through, the modes such as absorption and even formation chemical bond create and stablize water-stable granular structure, in raising soil physics fertility, improve soil fertilizer, water-retentivity, reduce the soil weight, increase total porosity, improve soil water storage water retention capacity, in suppression soil erosion, there is vital role especially, simultaneously, the non-available nutrient being difficult to be applied absorption in soil constantly can be decomposed into the available nutrient easily absorbed by it, and then better promote that tobacco better grows.
Denitrogenate, outside phosphorus, potassium element, tobacco is as less in absorbed doses such as calcium, magnesium, sulphur, boron, iron, manganese, copper, zinc to some other element, but they are cigarette strain growth and yield of tobacco, the requisite nutritive element of quality responses.When lacking these elements, cigarette strain can not normal growth, slightly excessive, then can produce harm.
And in herbal medicine, be rich in a large amount of trace elements, the active substance research of past to Chinese medicine mainly biases toward organic composition, and have ignored inorganic components, in recent years, along with the development of bio-inorganic chemistry and the application of modern science and technology means, people have had more and more deep understanding to inorganic microelement in Chinese medicine, and conduct extensive research.Medicinal herb components adds in the middle of compound manure by the present invention, and by meticulous screening, the herbal medicine of acquisition is that tobacco growing provides indispensable trace element.In addition, herbal medicine provided by the invention provide abundant micro-time, good insecticidal effect can also be played, improve disease-resistant crops deinsectization sterilizing ability.
Described Chinese medicinal powder is prepared from by mysorethorn, river paddy root, Root of Java Campanumoea, Stem of Sargentgloryvine, Fructus Cnidii, safflower, golden cypress and Rhizome of Glabrous Greenbrier.This Chinese medicinal powder is by selected eight kinds of Chinese medicine materials, for tobacco growing provides abundant trace element, meanwhile, mysorethorn, river paddy root, Stem of Sargentgloryvine, Fructus Cnidii have the degerming effect of good desinsection, especially Colletotricum destructivum is prevented and treated, for tobacco growing plays good disease-resistant deinsectization sterilizing ability.
In described Chinese medicinal powder, the weight part of each raw material is respectively mysorethorn 30 weight part ~ 40 weight part, paddy root 25 weight part ~ 35, river weight part, Root of Java Campanumoea 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part, Stem of Sargentgloryvine 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, Fructus Cnidii 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, safflower 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part, golden cypress 30 weight part ~ 40 weight part and Rhizome of Glabrous Greenbrier 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part.
Further preferably, in described Chinese medicinal powder, the weight part of each raw material is respectively mysorethorn 35 weight part, river paddy root 30 weight part, Root of Java Campanumoea 20 weight part, Stem of Sargentgloryvine 25 weight part, Fructus Cnidii 30 weight part, safflower 20 weight part, golden cypress 35 weight part and Rhizome of Glabrous Greenbrier 15 weight part.
Mysorethorn: be the seed of pulse family Caesalpinia mysorethorn, taste is pungent, warm in nature, have only dysentery, eliminate the phlegm, effect of desinsection, cures mainly dysentery, chronic tracheitis, infantile malnutrition, the cards such as malnutrition due to parasitic infestation.
River paddy root: be the root welding technology of Gramineae Coix plant Chuan Gu, taste is sweet, light, cold nature, returns spleen, urinary bladder channel, has clearing heat and cooling blood, relieving stranguria by diuresis, effect of eliminating stagnated food to destroy intestinal worms, cure mainly heat and drench, blood drenches, and cream drenches, under uterine bleeding band, oedema, jaundice due to damp-heat, the cards such as ascariasis.
Root of Java Campanumoea: latin name radixcampanumoeajavanicae, be the root of campanulaceae leopard platymiscium Campanumoea javanica and leopard, taste is sweet, property is put down, and returns lung, the spleen channel, has invigorating the spleen and benefiting QI, tonifies the lung to relieve cough, effect of lactogenesis, cure mainly the empty internal injury of labor, the deficiency of vital energy is weak, palpitaition, hidrosis, diarrhea due to hypofunction of the spleen, leukorrhea, milk is rare, the cards such as insufficiency of the spleen cough.
Stem of Sargentgloryvine: bitter, property is put down, and return liver, large intestine channel, have the carbuncle that disappears that relieves internal heat, promoting blood circulation and removing obstruction in channels, the effect of wind dispelling insecticide, cures mainly acute and chronic ecphyaditis, rheumatic arthralgia, dysentery characterized by blood in the stool, and blood drenches, menoxenia, infantile malnutrition due to digestive disturbances or intestinalparasites, worm pain, the cards such as injury from falling down.
Fructus Cnidii: latin name cnidiifructus, taste is pungent, bitter, warm in nature, enters kidney channel, has warming the kidney to invigorate YANG, removing dampness and killing parasites, the effect of dispellingging wind and arresting itching, and the impotence in male caused for kidney yang deficiency, woman Gong Leng are infertile, under cold-dampness band or the card such as waist knee crymodynia.
Safflower: latin name CarthamiFlos, warm in nature, taste is pungent, enters, the heart, Liver Channel, has promoting blood circulation to restore menstrual flow, effect of stasis-dispelling and pain-killing, and for amenorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea, lochia, abdominal mass lump in the abdomen, injury from falling down, sore such as to swell and ache at the card.
Golden cypress: latin name PhellodendriChinensisCortex, bitter, cold in nature, enter kidney, bladder, large intestine channel, heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, eliminating fire and detoxication, except hectic fever due to yin clearind deficient heat.For damp-heat dysentery, jaundice, under band, heat is drenched, beriberi, and impotence is warded off, hectic fever due to yin labor heat, night sweat, seminal emission, sore swollen toxin, the cards such as eczema itch.
Rhizome of Glabrous Greenbrier: taste is sweet, light, property is put down, Liver Channel; Stomach warp; The spleen channel, has removing toxic substances, dehumidifying, and the effect in sharp joint, cures mainly syphilis, stranguria with turbid discharge, muscles and bones contraction pain, beriberi, and malignant boil treats sore, and carbuncle swells, scrofula, syphilis and the limbs contraction caused by mercury poisoning, the cards such as arthralgia and myalgia.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of above-mentioned tobacco growing compound fertilizer special, it comprises:
The first step, the fermentation of organic fertilizer;
Second step, the preparation of Chinese medicinal powder;
3rd step, prepares soil conditioner;
4th step, is uniformly mixed urea, potassium primary phosphate and potassium sulfate, obtains mineral manure mixture;
5th step, the organic fertilizer fermentation product of the first step, the Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material medicinal powder that second step obtains, send in dry type Squeezinggranulator after the soil conditioner that 3rd step obtains and the mineral manure mixture that the 4th step obtains carry out mixing and stirring and carry out parcel granulation, obtain composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle;
6th step, carries out drying treatment to the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle of the 5th step, drying temperature 35 ~ 40 DEG C, and time of drying is 18 ~ 20h, pack after cooling.
The described the first step is specially further and is evenly smashed to pieces by swine excrement, and moisture regulation is 55% ~ 65%, particle diameter is advisable with 0.5 ~ 1cm, above-mentioned swine excrement is mixed into swelling agent, then puts into bulking machine, control temperature 200 DEG C, and pressure is 10kg/cm
2, carry out puffing, make faecal pellet, faecal pellet pulverizer is pulverized and sieved, the expanded fine powder of cut-off footpath < 1.0mm, by above-mentioned expanded fine powder, dregs of beans, maize straw, wheat bran, humic acids, EM fermenting agent is uniformly mixed and forms fermentation materials together, fermentation vat is transported to after being uniformly mixed, in fermentation vat, bank is high 1 meter, the lagging material of the topped ventilation property in surface, leavening temperature Discrete control is at 30 ~ 35 DEG C, fermentation time is 8 ~ 10 days, in fermenting process, pH controls 5 ~ 6.5, pH4.5 ~ 4.7 are down to before taking off film, stablize the air flow between yeast phase, after two-stage fermentation, fermented-material is dried by reactor startup, and during oven dry, temperature of charge is not higher than 90 DEG C, obtaining moisture content is by weight percentage after the fermentation materials of 10% ~ 12%, then pulverizing obtains pulverous organic fertilizer composition.
The structure of described β-thioether ester-epsilon-caprolactone copolymer is:
X and y is the number of repeating unit in main chain respectively, x+y=1, is preferably x=0.6, y=0.4
The preparation method of described β-thioether ester-epsilon-caprolactone copolymer is specially methyl 3 – ((2-hydroxyethyl) sulfo-) propionic acid and 6-caprolactone uses according to the ratio of mol ratio 0.6:0.4, the phenyl ether relative to methyl 3 – ((2-hydroxyethyl) sulfo-) propionic acid and 6-caprolactone monomer mass sum 3 times is dropped in reaction vessel, subsequently methyl 3 – ((2-hydroxyethyl) sulfo-) propionic acid and 6-caprolactone are successively put in reaction vessel according to mol ratio, adding the candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) accounting for methyl 3 – ((2-hydroxyethyl) sulfo-) propionic acid and 6-caprolactone monomer mass sum 8% (mass percent), control at the temperature of 90 DEG C, to stir 70h under the reduced pressure of 350mbar, reduced pressure is controlled by vacuum pump, following reaction chloroform cancellation stops, enzyme is removed by filtering, filtrate after filtration is concentrated removes phenyl ether solvent, remaining phenyl ether solvent is washed away further with hexane, product adopts hexane and chloroform to precipitate 3 times according to the mixed solvent that volume ratio 50:50 is formed, dry under vacuo subsequently.
In described second step, Chinese medicinal powder is by above-mentioned each raw material Chinese medicine being ground to form fine powder respectively, mixing and formed.
Below adopt embodiment to describe embodiments of the present invention in detail, to the present invention, how utilisation technology means solve technical problem whereby, and the implementation procedure reaching technique effect can fully understand and implement according to this.
Embodiment 1 β-thioether ester-epsilon-caprolactone copolymer
Take 12mol methyl 3 – ((2-hydroxyethyl) sulfo-) propionic acid and 8mol 6-caprolactone, the phenyl ether relative to methyl 3 – ((2-hydroxyethyl) sulfo-) propionic acid and 6-caprolactone monomer mass sum 3 times is dropped in reaction vessel, subsequently methyl 3 – ((2-hydroxyethyl) sulfo-) propionic acid and 6-caprolactone are successively put in reaction vessel, adding candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) Novi letter-435 lipase (purchase of Chuan Ke bio tech ltd, Hangzhou) accounting for methyl 3 – ((2-hydroxyethyl) sulfo-) propionic acid and 6-caprolactone monomer mass sum 8% (mass percent), control at the temperature of 90 DEG C, to stir 70h under the reduced pressure of 350mbar, reduced pressure is controlled by vacuum pump, following reaction chloroform cancellation stops, enzyme is removed by filtering, filtrate after filtration is concentrated removes phenyl ether solvent, remaining phenyl ether solvent is washed away further with hexane, product adopts hexane and chloroform to precipitate 3 times according to the mixed solvent that volume ratio 50:50 is formed, dry under vacuo subsequently.
By gel permeation chromatography (GelPermeationChromatography, GPC) number average molecular weight (Mn) measured is 37,000 (taking polystyrene as standard), Mw/Mn is 1.56 (taking polystyrene as standard).
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl
3)，δ1.38-1.41(m,CH
2CH
2CH
2O),1.61-1.70(m，CH
2CH
2CH
2O，CH
2CH
2CO),2.29-2.36(m,CH
2CO),2.60-2.67(m,SCH
2CH
2CO),2.75-2.80(m,SCH
2CH
2O),2.81-2.86(m，SCH
2CH
2CO),4.05-4.12(m,CH
2O),4.21-4.28(m,SCH
2CH
2O)。
Embodiment 2 herb powder
Mysorethorn 35g, river paddy root 30g, Root of Java Campanumoea 20g, Stem of Sargentgloryvine 25g, Fructus Cnidii 30g, safflower 20g, golden cypress 35g and Rhizome of Glabrous Greenbrier 15g be dry, pulverize powdered respectively, mix, prepare herb powder.
Embodiment 3 organic fertilizer composition 1
Evenly smashed to pieces by swine excrement 2kg, moisture regulation is 60%, particle diameter is advisable with 1cm, above-mentioned swine excrement is mixed into swelling agent sodium bicarbonate 100g, then puts into bulking machine, control temperature 200 DEG C, and pressure is 10kg/cm
2, carry out puffing, make faecal pellet, faecal pellet pulverizer is pulverized and sieved, the expanded fine powder of cut-off footpath < 1.0mm, by above-mentioned expanded fine powder, dregs of beans 3.5kg, maize straw 3.5kg, wheat bran 3kg, humic acids 0.8kg, EM fermenting agent 10g is uniformly mixed and forms fermentation materials together, fermentation vat is transported to after being uniformly mixed, in fermentation vat, bank is high 1 meter, the lagging material of the topped ventilation property in surface, leavening temperature Discrete control is at 30 DEG C, fermentation time is 10 days, in fermenting process, pH controls 6, pH4.5 is down to before taking off film, stablize the air flow between yeast phase, after two-stage fermentation, fermented-material is dried by reactor startup, and during oven dry, temperature of charge is not higher than 90 DEG C, obtaining moisture content is by weight percentage after the fermentation materials of 10%, then pulverizing obtains pulverous organic fertilizer composition.
Embodiment 4 compound manure 1
Send in dry type Squeezinggranulator after herb powder 300g prepared by the β-thioether ester-epsilon-caprolactone copolymer 50g of Example 1 preparation, embodiment 2, the organic fertilizer 1 of embodiment 3 preparation, urea 2kg, potassium primary phosphate 1.5kg and potassium sulfate 0.8kg carry out mixing and stirring and carry out parcel granulation; obtain composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle; carry out drying treatment subsequently; drying temperature 35 ~ 40 DEG C; time of drying is 18 ~ 20h, pack after cooling.
Comparative example 1 compound manure 2
Send in dry type Squeezinggranulator after herb powder 300g prepared by Example 2, the organic fertilizer 1 of embodiment 3 preparation, urea 2kg, potassium primary phosphate 1.5kg and potassium sulfate 0.8kg carry out mixing and stirring and carry out parcel granulation; obtain composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle; carry out drying treatment subsequently; drying temperature 35 ~ 40 DEG C; time of drying is 18 ~ 20h, pack after cooling.
Comparative example 2 compound manure 3
Send in dry type Squeezinggranulator after β-thioether ester-epsilon-caprolactone copolymer 50g prepared by Example 1, the organic fertilizer 1 of embodiment 3 preparation, urea 2kg, potassium primary phosphate 1.5kg and potassium sulfate 0.8kg carry out mixing and stirring and carry out parcel granulation; obtain composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle; carry out drying treatment subsequently; drying temperature 35 ~ 40 DEG C; time of drying is 18 ~ 20h, pack after cooling.
Comparative example 3 inorganic composite fertilizer
Urea 2kg, potassium primary phosphate 1.5kg and potassium sulfate 0.8kg mix, and form inorganic composite fertilizer.
Proof test
1, test design
Field test establishes 4 process:
A group: base fertilizer, topdress be embodiment 4 prepare compound manure; B group: base fertilizer, topdress be comparative example 1 prepare compound manure 2; C group: base fertilizer, topdress be comparative example 2 prepare compound manure 3; D group: base fertilizer, topdress be comparative example 3 prepare inorganic composite fertilizer.Often organize and establish 4 repetitions at random, Gong16Ge community, cigarette 50 strain is planted in each community, and distance between rows and hills is 1.2m × 0.55m.
2, rate of fertilizer and application process
Rate of fertilizer application is 100kg/667m
2, base fertilizer adopts cutting location deep placement, base fertilizer, and topdressing is 50% and uses, and topdresses and adopts both sides to spread manuer in holes (distance cigarette strain 20cm place).
3, practice ground
Be experimental field yellowish soil, upper 3 year did not plant tobacco leaf, and on May 19th, 2014 transplants.Supplying to test soil is yellowish soil, and physicochemical character is as follows: organic 21.90g/kg, full nitrogen 1.61g/kg, full phosphorus 9.35g/kg, full potassium 6.98g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 90.3mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 11.68mg/kg, available potassium 222.86mg/kg, pH value 7.03.
4, flue-cured tobacco cultivars
The large gold dollar of safflower
5, test determination project and method
5.1 tobacco leaf growth economical characters: 20 strains are investigated in each community, measure the area of its height, the number of blade and upper 6 leaf functional leafs, average.
5.2 yield of tobacco, performance analysis: according to national grade scale, classification is carried out to the tobacco leaf after modulation by 3 ~ 5 professional tobacco leaf gradings teacher, calculate the output value according to output and classification.
5.3 former cigarette chemical composition analysis: measure total reducing sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen, nicotine, Cl
-, K
Content.Adopt the AA3 type Flow Analyzer that German BRAN+LUEBBE company manufactures, measure total reducing sugar, nicotine, reducing sugar, total nitrogen, potassium, chloride ion content in tobacco leaf according to YC/T159-2002, YC/T160-2002, YC/159-2002, YC161-2002, YC/217-2007, YC/T162-2002 method respectively.
Result
Different fertilization is on the impact of economical character
On the impact of plant height, the results are shown in Table 1.
Rear average plant height (cm) transplanted by table 1
| Group | 36d after transplanting | 72d after transplanting |
| A group | 67.39 | 259.82 |
| B group | 53.39 | 219.29 |
| C group | 58.60 | 238.51 |
| D group | 36.17 | 177.60 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the plant height of the tobacco leaf adopting compound manure provided by the invention to cultivate will be significantly higher than the plant height only adopting mineral manure at 36d and 72d, and the effect of simultaneously adding Chinese medicinal powder provided by the invention and soil improvement agent is better than and only adds one.
On the impact of the number of blade, the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 is on the impact (sheet) of the number of blade
| Group | 36d after transplanting | 72d after transplanting |
| A group | 16.15 | 32.28 |
| B group | 14.26 | 26.33 |
| C group | 13.50 | 25.23 |
| D group | 9.35 | 18.11 |
As can be seen from Table 2, the tobacco leaf number adopting compound manure provided by the invention to cultivate is significantly higher than the tobacco leaf number only adopting mineral manure after transplanting in 36d and 72d.
On the impact of blade area, the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 is on the impact (cm of blade area
2)
| Group | 36d after transplanting | 72d after transplanting |
| A group | 1235.30 | 2738.26 |
| B group | 1159.61 | 2503.40 |
| C group | 1103.78 | 2598.18 |
| D group | 1006.19 | 2007.21 |
As can be seen from Table 3, the tobacco leaf area adopting compound manure provided by the invention to cultivate is significantly higher than the tobacco leaf area only adopting mineral manure after transplanting in 36d and 72d, and the compound manure group of compound manure group more only containing soil improvement agent only containing Chinese medicinal powder can more increase tobacco leaf area.
Different fertilization, on the impact of yield of tobacco and the output value, the results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 different fertilization is on the impact of yield of tobacco
| Group | Output (kg/667m 2) | Ratio is without unit (± %) |
| A group | 197.68 | 23.25 |
| B group | 182.90 | 14.03 |
| C group | 177.65 | 10.76 |
| D group | 160.39 | - |
As can be seen from Table 4, the yield of tobacco adopting compound manure provided by the invention to cultivate is significantly higher than the yield of tobacco only adopting mineral manure, and the compound manure group of the compound manure group only containing Chinese medicinal powder more only containing soil improvement agent can more increase yield.
Different fertilization, on the impact of tobacco leaf chemical composition, the results are shown in Table 5.
Table 5 different fertilization is on the impact of tobacco leaf chemical composition
| Group | Total reducing sugar (%) | Reducing sugar (%) | Nicotine (%) | Chlorine (%) | Potassium (%) | Chlorine potassium ratio |
| A group | 30.93 | 26.08 | 2.50 | 0.45 | 1.93 | 4.29 |
| B group | 29.98 | 25.75 | 2.62 | 0.43 | 1.99 | 4.63 |
| C group | 26.85 | 22.09 | 2.87 | 0.28 | 1.53 | 5.46 |
| D group | 26.37 | 21.33 | 2.91 | 0.17 | 1.27 | 7.47 |
As can be seen from Table 5, adopt the present invention to contain the compound manure of Chinese medicinal powder, the content of cured tobacco leaf total reducing sugar, reducing sugar and potassium can be increased, reduce the content of nicotine, potassium chlorine is coordinated than more tending to, thus improves the interior quality of tobacco leaf.
The sickness rate of tobacco leaf Colletotricum destructivum, the results are shown in Table 6.
The sickness rate of table 6 tobacco leaf Colletotricum destructivum
| Group | Colletotricum destructivum sickness rate (%) |
| A group | 8.2％ |
| B group | 8.5％ |
| C group | 21.3％ |
| D group | 21.6％ |
As can be seen from Table 6, the Chinese medicinal powder that the elite raw material of the present invention is prepared from better can reduce the sickness rate of Colletotricum destructivum, has the degerming effect of good desinsection.
All above-mentioned this intellecture properties of primary enforcement, not setting restriction this product innovation of other forms of enforcement and/or novel method.Those skilled in the art will utilize this important information, and foregoing is revised, to realize similar implementation status.But all modifications or transformation belong to the right of reservation based on product innovation of the present invention.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be not restriction the present invention being made to other form, any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations.But everyly do not depart from technical solution of the present invention content, any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling done above embodiment according to technical spirit of the present invention, still belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a tobacco growing compound fertilizer special, is characterized in that: raw material comprises organic fertilizer, mineral manure, soil conditioner and Chinese medicinal powder.
2. tobacco growing compound fertilizer special as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described mineral manure part comprises urea, potassium primary phosphate and potassium sulfate.
3. tobacco growing compound fertilizer special as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described organic fertilizer part comprises dregs of beans, humic acid, swine excrement, maize straw, swelling agent, wheat bran, EM fermenting agent.
4. tobacco growing compound fertilizer special as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described compound manure, the weight of each raw material is respectively dregs of beans 30 weight part ~ 40 weight part, humic acid 5 weight part ~ 10 weight part, swine excrement 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part, maize straw 30 weight part ~ 40 weight part, swelling agent 0.5 weight part ~ 2 weight part, wheat bran 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, EM fermenting agent 0.05 weight part ~ 0.1 weight part, urea 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part, potassium primary phosphate 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part and potassium sulfate 5 weight part ~ 10 weight part, soil conditioner 0.5 weight part ~ 1 weight part and Chinese medicinal powder 2 weight part ~ 5 weight part.
5. the tobacco growing compound fertilizer special as described in Claims 1-4, is characterized in that: soil conditioner is specially high molecular polymer β-thioether ester-epsilon-caprolactone copolymer.
6. the tobacco growing compound fertilizer special as described in claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that: described Chinese medicinal powder is prepared from by mysorethorn, river paddy root, Root of Java Campanumoea, Stem of Sargentgloryvine, Fructus Cnidii, safflower, golden cypress and Rhizome of Glabrous Greenbrier.
7. the tobacco growing compound fertilizer special as described in claim 1 to 6, is characterized in that: in described Chinese medicinal powder, the weight part of each raw material is respectively mysorethorn 30 weight part ~ 40 weight part, paddy root 25 weight part ~ 35, river weight part, Root of Java Campanumoea 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part, Stem of Sargentgloryvine 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, Fructus Cnidii 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, safflower 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part, golden cypress 30 weight part ~ 40 weight part and Rhizome of Glabrous Greenbrier 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part.
8. the preparation method of tobacco growing compound fertilizer special described in claim 1 to 7, is characterized in that, comprising:
The first step, the fermentation of organic fertilizer;
Second step, the preparation of Chinese medicinal powder;
3rd step, prepares soil conditioner;
4th step, is uniformly mixed urea, potassium primary phosphate and potassium sulfate, obtains mineral manure mixture;
5th step, the organic fertilizer fermentation product of the first step, the Pesticide with Chinese medicinal material medicinal powder that second step obtains, send in dry type Squeezinggranulator after the soil conditioner that 3rd step obtains and the mineral manure mixture that the 4th step obtains carry out mixing and stirring and carry out parcel granulation, obtain composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle;
6th step, carries out drying treatment to the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer particle of the 5th step, drying temperature 35 ~ 40 DEG C, and time of drying is 18 ~ 20h, pack after cooling.
9. the preparation method of tobacco growing compound fertilizer special described in claim 8, is characterized in that: the described the first step is specially further and is evenly smashed to pieces by swine excrement, and moisture regulation is 55% ~ 65%, particle diameter is advisable with 0.5 ~ 1cm, above-mentioned swine excrement is mixed into swelling agent, then puts into bulking machine, control temperature 200 DEG C, and pressure is 10kg/cm
2, carry out puffing, make faecal pellet, faecal pellet pulverizer is pulverized and sieved, the expanded fine powder of cut-off footpath < 1.0mm, by above-mentioned expanded fine powder, dregs of beans, maize straw, wheat bran, humic acids, EM fermenting agent is uniformly mixed and forms fermentation materials together, fermentation vat is transported to after being uniformly mixed, in fermentation vat, bank is high 1 meter, the lagging material of the topped ventilation property in surface, leavening temperature Discrete control is at 30 ~ 35 DEG C, fermentation time is 8 ~ 10 days, in fermenting process, pH controls 5 ~ 6.5, pH4.5 ~ 4.7 are down to before taking off film, stablize the air flow between yeast phase, after two-stage fermentation, fermented-material is dried by reactor startup, and during oven dry, temperature of charge is not higher than 90 DEG C, obtaining moisture content is by weight percentage after the fermentation materials of 10% ~ 12%, then pulverizing obtains pulverous organic fertilizer composition.
10. the preparation method of tobacco growing compound fertilizer special described in claim 8 or 9, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of described β-thioether ester-epsilon-caprolactone copolymer is specially methyl 3 – ((2-hydroxyethyl) sulfo-) propionic acid and 6-caprolactone uses according to the ratio of mol ratio 0.6:0.4, the phenyl ether relative to methyl 3 – ((2-hydroxyethyl) sulfo-) propionic acid and 6-caprolactone monomer mass sum 3 times is dropped in reaction vessel, subsequently methyl 3 – ((2-hydroxyethyl) sulfo-) propionic acid and 6-caprolactone are successively put in reaction vessel according to mol ratio, adding the candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) accounting for methyl 3 – ((2-hydroxyethyl) sulfo-) propionic acid and 6-caprolactone monomer mass sum 8% (mass percent), control at the temperature of 90 DEG C, to stir 70h under the reduced pressure of 350mbar, reduced pressure is controlled by vacuum pump, following reaction chloroform cancellation stops, enzyme is removed by filtering, filtrate after filtration is concentrated removes phenyl ether solvent, remaining phenyl ether solvent is washed away further with hexane, product adopts hexane and chloroform to precipitate 3 times according to the mixed solvent that volume ratio 50:50 is formed, dry under vacuo subsequently.
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| CN106478275A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-08 | 郑州思辩科技有限公司 | A kind of composite pesticide of preventing and treating tobacco diseases and preparation method thereof |
| CN106490062A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 郑州思辩科技有限公司 | A kind of biofungicide of preventing and treating rice blast and preparation method thereof |
| CN106576811A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | Method for increasing yield of tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobacco variety K326 by adjusting micro-ecological environment |
| CN106699424A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-05-24 | 广西壮族自治区烟草公司百色市公司 | Special topdressing compound fertilizer for tobaccos and preparation method |
| CN110776381A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-11 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Special tobacco fertilizer for improving functional diversity of tobacco-planting soil microorganisms |
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| CN104387211A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-03-04 | 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 | Special nutrient package fertilizer for Honghua Dajinyuan species tobacco and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106478275A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-08 | 郑州思辩科技有限公司 | A kind of composite pesticide of preventing and treating tobacco diseases and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106699424A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-05-24 | 广西壮族自治区烟草公司百色市公司 | Special topdressing compound fertilizer for tobaccos and preparation method |
| CN110776381A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-11 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Special tobacco fertilizer for improving functional diversity of tobacco-planting soil microorganisms |
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