CN105226861B - A kind of ring-shaped yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor - Google Patents
A kind of ring-shaped yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN105226861B CN105226861B CN201510694255.7A CN201510694255A CN105226861B CN 105226861 B CN105226861 B CN 105226861B CN 201510694255 A CN201510694255 A CN 201510694255A CN 105226861 B CN105226861 B CN 105226861B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ring-shaped yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor, including stator and rotor, the stator includes the stator yoke being made up of stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, permanent magnet is provided between stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, stator slot yoke is located at stator trench bottom close to cylindrical circumferential direction, groove where the stator slot includes armature winding is groove i.e. excitation groove where armature slot and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, circumferentially alternate intervals arrange for the armature slot and excitation groove, a set of armature winding is laid in the armature slot, set of excitation winding is laid in the excitation groove, motor of the present invention saves material usage, reduce cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of permanent magnet motor, more particularly to a kind of mixing of ring-shaped yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density to encourage
Magnetic permanent magnet motor.
Background technology
In recent years, with the raising of permanent-magnet material resistance to elevated temperatures and the reduction of price, magneto is in national defence, industrial or agricultural
Production and daily life etc. are more widely applied, and positive high-power, high performance and miniaturization direction are developed.
For the power of magneto from several milliwatts to several megawatts, application draws use from toy motor, commercial Application to naval vessel at present
Large-scale magneto, be widely applied in the various aspects of national economy, daily life, war industry, Aero-Space.
Main application is as follows：
(1) household appliance technical field：Including TV audio and video equipment, fan, air conditioner, food processor, cosmetic tool, oil smoke
Machine etc..
(2) computer and its ancillary equipment field：Including computer (driver, fan etc.), printer, plotter, light
Drive, CD writer etc..
(3) field of industrial production：Including industrial drives device, material processing system, automation equipment, robot etc..
(4) automotive field：Including permanent magnet starting motor, wiper motor, door-lock motor, seat lifting motor, sunshading ceiling
Motor, cleaning pump motor, recorder motor, glass lifting motor, radiator cooling fan motor, air conditioner motor, antenna liter
Motor, Oil pump electrical machinery etc. drop.
(5) public life field：Including clock and watch, beauty machinery, automatic vending machine, ATM, paper money counter etc..
(6) traffic and transport field：Including electric car, aircraft auxiliary equipment, naval vessel etc..
(7) space industry：Including rocket, satellite, spaceship, space shuttle etc..
(8) national defence：Including tank, guided missile, submarine, aircraft etc..
(9) medical field：Including dental drill, artificial heart, medicine equipment etc..
(10) power field：Including wind-power electricity generation, cogeneration, miniature hydro-power generation, small-sized internal combustion generating set hair
Motor, and pilot exciter of high-rating generator etc..
Regular alternating current magneto is generally divided into following a few classes：Asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor, DC permanent-magnetic brushless
Motor, speed governing permasyn morot.
It is essentially identical on brshless DC motor and speed governing permanent magnetic synchronous motor structure, it is polyphase windings on stator, on rotor
There is permanent magnet, their main distinction is that brshless DC motor realizes motor synchronizing according to rotor position information.They the advantages of
It is：(1) brush-commutated device is eliminated, reliability improves；(2) loss is mainly produced by stator, and radiating condition is good；(3) volume
It is small, in light weight.
Asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor is with the difference on speed governing permanent magnet synchronous motor structure：The former has on rotor
Winding or the integral core with priming are started, self-starting can be realized, can be incorporated into the power networks without control system.
In addition, also electric machine, electric machine need supporting capacitor start and operation, volume stupid
Weight, cost is high, and the efficiency of overall operation and power factor are all relatively low.
Technical disadvantages existing for existing magneto are as follows：
1st, existing magneto is fixed due to permanent magnet magnetic kinetic potential, and motor main flux is non-adjustable, causes output-constant operation model
Enclose narrow, speed adjustable range is not wide in range enough, and machine winding is generally 3 phases, and stator slot number is more, winding inserting complex process.
2nd, existing most of permanent magnet of permanent magnet motor are located on rotor, are rotated with rotor during operation, permanent magnet need to be adopted
Fixed with special procedure, manufacturing cost is high, and when especially motor speed is higher, permanent magnet fixation is more difficult, due to permanent magnetism position
In on rotor, radiating is difficult during operation, temperature rise and caused by rotor rotates vibration permanent magnet mechanical structure can be caused to damage
Bad and generation irreversible demagnetization.
3rd, existing magneto is generally three-phase, it is desirable to which the power inversion circuit of motor at least needs 6 power switch devices
Part, such as IGBT or MOSFET, and the corresponding drive circuit and protection circuit that drive the device for power switching, make
It is at a relatively high to obtain power of motor inverter circuit cost, even up to two to three times of motor body cost, quantity of power switches
Increase and add control circuit complexity, the possibility increase of device failure, the reliability of runtime system reduces.
For the existing nonadjustable shortcoming of magneto excitation magnetic potential, related scholar proposes some composite excitation structures electricity
Machine, this kind of composite excitation structural electromotor can be divided into two classes from excitation mode：
One kind is permanent magnet magnetic potential and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection magnetic potential series-mode frame, this class formation due to magnetic flux need through
Permanent magnet, exciting current is big, and excitation loss is high, and the risk of irreversible demagnetization can be produced to permanent magnet, and application is not extensive；
Another kind of is the structure of permanent magnet magnetic potential and the parallel connection of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection magnetic potential, and this class formation typically uses stator permanent magnet
Formula, permanent magnet are located on stator, and by adjusting Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection current regulation magnetic field, this kind of motor adjustable magnetic performance is good, but increase is encouraged
After magnetic winding, machine winding tricks is more so that electric machine structure is complicated, it sometimes appear that there is the situation of more set windings in a groove
Or existing phase winding has the situation of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, groove domestic demand increase phase insulation, winding inserting complex process, groove utilization rate again
Low, in addition, it is desirable to increase excitation groove, electromechanics structure scatteredization is serious, assembles fixed difficult, processing technology complexity, motor
Cost is high.What is more important, increase after Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, it is necessary at least be further added by device for power switching control Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
Electric current, which further adds the cost of power circuit, moreover, magnetic flux caused by Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection and main flux share main magnetic
Road and main air gap, by motor, other design parameters are limited excitation effect, can only be by adjusting excitation electricity once motor is made
Flow control excitation effect, magnetic flux can not be controlled by individually designed magnetic excitation circuit.
Therefore, seek that a kind of body construction is simple, and cost is low, adjustable magnetic flexible function but device for power switching number is few, control
The low hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor of device and power circuit cost processed is most important, and therefore, it is simple to seek a kind of body construction, cost
It is low, there is adjustable magnetic function but device for power switching number is few, controller and the low hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor of power circuit cost are extremely
Close important.
In addition, existing magneto uses Distributed Winding or the concentratred winding across multiple pole spans more, generally deposits
In winding terminal minister, copper consumption is big, and manufacturing cost is high, and copper loss is big during motor operation, the shortcomings such as efficiency is low, especially for external diameter
Larger, axial length is smaller, that is, the motor that path length ratio is larger, this shortcoming it is especially prominent, it is necessary to using it is special around
Coil connected mode is organized to reduce winding overhang, reduction copper, improves motor operation efficiency.
The content of the invention
To solve the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention discloses a kind of ring-shaped yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density to mix
Excitation permanent magnet motor is closed, magneto of the invention has the characteristics that：
1st, motor of the present invention is hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor, there was only a set of stator armature winding A and set of excitation on stator
Winding F, and a set of winding is only laid in each groove of motor, phase insulation, the letter of machine winding down line process are not needed in groove
Single, whole cost is less than existing all kinds of three-phase induction motors and magneto, due to being not required to phase insulation, copper factor in groove
It is high.
2nd, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is laid in motor excitation groove of the present invention, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection penetrates from an excitation groove, then outwards
Footpath direction passes along on the outside of stator back yoke, forms a coil, and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection surrounds stator slot yoke, and permanent magnet and stator back yoke twine
Around the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection in each excitation groove is a set of coil, forms 4 sets of coils altogether, and 4 sets of coils can be serially connected or simultaneously
Connection.
3rd, motor permanent magnet of the present invention is fixed on stator, is not rotated with rotor, easy for installation, is advantageous to radiate, and is eliminated
Common electric machine due to permanent magnet rotates with rotor and caused mechanical stress is damaged, the permanent magnet bad grade that radiates lacks
Point.
4th, the power density of motor of the present invention is high, and stock utilization is high, the motor of same design power, motor section of the present invention
Material saving dosage, reduces cost；There was only a set of armature winding A indirect current streams during motor operation of the present invention, and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection F leads to
With the DC current that direction is constant, therefore the control circuit of motor only needs two electric and electronic power switching devices, such as IGBT or
Person MOSFET, as shown in figure 1, and having three-phase and the armature of the above on existing all kinds of induction conductivities and permanent magnet motor stator
Winding is, it is necessary at least six electric and electronic power switching device, as shown in Fig. 2 therefore, needed for the control system of motor of the present invention
Switching device is few, and cost is low, simple in construction.Further, since device for power switching number is few, work(in circuit for controlling motor is reduced
The possibility that rate switching device breaks down, reliability improve.
5th, excitation field can be adjusted during motor operation of the present invention, and electricity can be adjusted by the electric current for adjusting Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection F
Magnetic flux density in machine air gap, motor excitation winding of the present invention are placed in below additional air gap, and both are placed side by side, excitation around
Magnetic flux caused by group is directly over additional air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and rotor tooth form into closed-loop path, magnetic flux without
Permanent magnet, with permanent magnet caused by magnetic flux formed parallel relationship, this not only effectively increases weak magnetic efficiency, and avoids permanent magnetism
The risk of body irreversible demagnetization such as caused magnetic property decline due to magnetic reversal, the permanent magnet selection spirit of motor of the present invention
It is living, the permanent magnet of high energy product can be both selected, the permanent magnet of the low magnetic energy product such as ferrite can also be selected, because can pass through
The design air gap flux density of motor determines the residual flux density of permanent magnet, then determines permanent magnet by changing the pole embrace of permanent magnet
Magnetic energy product, and existing magneto is because pole embrace is limited by number of poles, generally only using high-performance permanent magnet
The close needs of design magnetic can be met.
6th, because the difference of additional air gap width can significantly change the magnetic resistance of motor magnetic circuit, the leakage field between permanent magnet is influenceed
It is logical, and then the increasing magnetic and weak magnetic effect of motor are influenceed, therefore, thus it is possible to vary the width of additional air gap uses not wide up and down
Gap structure, different motor characteristics can be obtained by the additional air gap width for changing motor, different application field is met with this
The needs of conjunction.
To achieve the above object, concrete scheme of the invention is as follows：
A kind of ring-shaped yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor, including stator and rotor, it is described
Stator includes the stator yoke being made up of stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, and permanent magnet is provided between stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, fixed
Pilot trench yoke is located at stator trench bottom close to cylindrical circumferential direction, and groove where the stator slot includes armature winding is armature slot and excitation
Groove where winding is excitation groove, and circumferentially alternate intervals are arranged for the armature slot and excitation groove, and one is laid in the armature slot
Armature winding is covered, set of excitation winding is laid in the excitation groove；
The Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection penetrates from an excitation groove, is then passed to the outer direction along on the outside of stator back yoke, forms one
Individual coil, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection surround stator slot yoke, and permanent magnet and stator back yoke are wound, and the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection in each excitation groove is a set of
Coil；
The rotor includes rotor tooth, rotor slot is provided between adjacent rotor tooth, between the stator tooth and rotor tooth
Provided with main air gap；The stator slot yoke portion of top radially disconnects in excitation groove where the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, provided with additional air gap；
During motor operation, size of current and the direction of a set of armature winding are controlled, it is constant that the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection leads to direction
DC current, armature supply magnetic field, exciting current magnetic field and magnetic field interaction caused by permanent magnet cause the magnetic on stator tooth
Logical mutually enhancing is offset, and stator field is continuously opened or turned off in a certain direction, utilizes magnetic resistance between stator and rotor
Change produces torque.
Further, a part of magnetic flux caused by adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets enters rotor formation main flux by main air gap,
Another part enters rotor without main air gap and closes to form leakage magnetic flux by the additional air gap, due to total caused by permanent magnet
Magnetic flux is certain, and the size by adjusting electric current in Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection can adjust the size of the leakage magnetic flux, and then adjust warp
The size for the main flux that main air gap is entered in rotor is crossed, the effect of regulation excitation is realized with this.
Further, the number ns of the motor stator tooth meets：Ns=2*n, wherein n are greater than the natural number equal to 2；
The number nr of the rotor tooth and the number ns of motor stator tooth meet：Nr=ns/2；
The block number npm of the permanent magnet and the number ns of motor stator tooth meet：Npm/m=0.5*ns, m be more than or equal to
1 natural number.
Further, magnetic flux caused by the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection by additional air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and rotor tooth form into
Closed-loop path, magnetic flux caused by Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection without permanent magnet, with permanent magnet caused by magnetic flux form parallel relationship；Reduce
Magnetic flux corresponds to the magnetic resistance in loop, and same exciting current can produce larger magnetic flux, not only effectively increases weak magnetic effect
Rate, and avoid permanent magnet due to magnetic flux causes permanent magnet magnetic reversal through permanent magnet and caused magnetic property declines
Deng the risk of irreversible demagnetization, the reliability of motor is enhanced.
Further, the additional air gap can be width identical even air gap everywhere, or width is not everywhere
Same non-homogeneous air gap；The width of additional air gap can be changed or different increasing magnetic is obtained using not wide gap structure up and down
With weak magnetic characteristic, the needs of different application occasion are met with this.
Further, groove where the armature winding a from armature winding penetrates, and is passed from adjacent armature slot, adjacent
Winding in two armature slots forms an armature coil, and each armature coil is across two stator tooths away from two neighboring armature
The size of current of winding is identical in groove where winding, in the opposite direction.
Further, the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection in each excitation groove is a set of coil, forms 4 sets of magnet exciting coils altogether, 4 sets of coils can
With parallel with one another or series connection.The number of turn of 4 sets of coils of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection can be the same or different, and the stator back yoke can be with
Groove or iron core baffle plate fixed excitation winding are set.
The quantity of magnet exciting coil determines by excitation groove, and the quantity of excitation groove is the half of the stator number of teeth, and rotor number of teeth phase
Deng.
Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is simple concentratred winding, is penetrated from an excitation groove, is worn to the outer direction along on the outside of stator back yoke
Go out, form a coil, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection surround stator slot yoke, and permanent magnet and stator back yoke are wound, when motor path length ratio compared with
When big, End winding length can be effectively reduced, reduces copper consumption, motor cost is reduced and reduces the copper loss of motor, improve effect
Rate.
Further, the polar arc width of the permanent magnet of motor can pass through the magnetic energy product or residual flux density according to permanent magnet
Flexibly determine；The residual flux density of permanent magnet can be determined according to the design air gap flux density of motor, then by changing the pole of permanent magnet
Arc coefficient determines the magnetic energy product of permanent magnet, and existing magneto is because pole embrace is limited by number of poles, generally only
It could meet to design the close needs of magnetic using high-performance permanent magnet.
Wherein, the residual flux density of permanent magnet and the width of permanent magnet are directly proportional, therefore use high energy product or high remanent magnetism
The permanent magnet of density can be substantially reduced the width of permanent magnet, reduce the dosage of permanent magnet.Actually magnetic energy product is that permanent magnet remains
Magnetic density and coercitive product, but residual flux density is more paid close attention to for those skilled in the art, therefore high energy product is general
Just represent high residual flux density.Further, the permanent magnet is parallel magnetization or radial magnetizing, and every piece of permanent magnet both can be by
One monoblock permanent magnet, which magnetizes, to be formed, and can also be spliced by the permanent magnet of polylith narrower width, the polar arc of the permanent magnet is wide
Degree can be with identical, can also be different, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet on the same stator slot yoke is identical, two neighboring stator
The magnetizing direction of permanent magnet in groove yoke portion is opposite.
The permanent magnet can be the permanent-magnet material such as neodymium iron boron of high energy product or be low magnetic energy product permanent magnetism material
Material such as ferrite or aluminium nickel cobalt are made.
The rotor is symmetrical field spider, stepped rotor or turbine-like rotor.
The permanent magnet is in close contact with stator back yoke iron core and stator slot yoke core.
A set of armature winding or Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection are only laid in the stator slot, phase insulation is not needed in stator slot,
Groove utilization rate is high, and winding inserting technique is simple, and manufacturing cost is low.
The permanent magnet is rectangle, arc or tile shape.
The stator tooth, stator yoke, rotor tooth and rotor yoke are formed or using high permeability using silicon steel plate stacking
Core material is once made.
With non-magnet materials such as infusion epoxy resins, the globality of electric machine structure can be improved in the additional air gap.
Motor of the present invention is specifically such to work, and the stator core and rotor core rotor of motor of the present invention use silicon
Steel disc is overrided to form or the core material of high permeability is once made, when armature winding and the equal no power of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, institute
The part for stating magnetic flux caused by permanent magnet passes through stator slot yoke, stator tooth and main air gap along motor radial inflow rotor tooth, then
The permanent magnet flowed out to by adjacent rotor tooth under main air gap reaches another extremely, then closed by stator back yoke, this formation
The main flux of motor；Another part magnetic flux caused by permanent magnet passes through additional without main air gap by stator slot yoke
Air gap, the permanent magnet entered under the permanent magnet under another adjacent stator slot yoke, is closed by stator back yoke, this part magnetic
It is logical not enter into main air gap and rotor, only closed in stator interior, this part magnetic flux is leakage magnetic flux.Close to circle below air gap
Excitation groove is provided with the heart, lays Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection in excitation groove, during Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection galvanization, according to the difference of the sense of current, is encouraged
Magnetic field caused by magnetic winding will strengthen or weaken main flux, and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection electric current is bigger, and the enhancing or weakening to main flux are made
With stronger, because Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection magnetic potential and permanent magnet magnetic potential are in parallel, total magnetic flux caused by permanent magnet is certain, therefore, is led to
The size of the leakage magnetic flux can be adjusted by overregulating sense of current and size in Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, and then is adjusted and entered by main air gap
The size of main flux into rotor, the effect of regulation excitation is realized with this.When armature winding is powered, the production of armature winding electric current
Raw magnetic field causes the stator tooth of armature slot both sides where armature winding that different polarity is presented respectively, with permanent magnet caused by magnetic
Field action is superimposed so that a stator tooth shows polarity, there is main flux magnetic flux process, and another adjacent stator tooth does not have pole
Property, no magnetic flux flow through, and because armature winding is set every a groove, the stator tooth for therefore, in motor having half has polarity, and one
Half stator tooth does not have polarity, according to magnetic resistance minimum principle, makes rotor tooth and the stator tooth with polarity by rotor is rotated to
Overlap, due to the rotor number of teeth be the stator number of teeth half, now just have each rotor tooth with stator tooth face, this position
It is minimum for rotor tooth and the aligned position of stator tooth, the magnetic resistance of this position correspondence.Now, want rotor to continue to rotate, need to change
Become sense of current in armature winding so that the stator tooth display polarity without polarity just now, and the stator of original polarized
Tooth does not show polarity, and at this moment, according to magnetic resistance minimum principle, rotor tooth will rotate to align with present four polarized stator tooths
Trend, thus rotor rotates stress, after rotor tooth overlaps again with stator, continues to change the side of armature winding electric current
To this process will repeat always, and rotor will persistently rotate.Because the main flux that rotor tooth is entered by main air gap can lead to
Above-mentioned exciting current adjustment is crossed, therefore, motor of the present invention can need to realize according to actual condition increases magnetic operation and weak magnetic field operation,
The economical operation scope of motor is widened, reduces manufacturing cost, improves electric efficiency.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, motor excitation winding of the present invention leads to the constant DC current in direction, it is only necessary to controls the electric current of a set of armature winding
Size and Orientation, therefore two device for power switching are only needed, and common three phase electric machine needs at least six device for power switching,
Device for power switching number is few needed for electric machine controller, and cost is low.
2nd, during motor operation of the present invention magnetic field caused by armature winding and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection on the stator teeth mutually enhancing or
Offset, during motor operation armature winding and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection complete period be powered simultaneously, therefore, the power density height of motor of the present invention,
Stock utilization is high, the motor of same design power, and motor of the present invention saves material usage, reduces cost.
3rd, motor permanent magnet of the present invention is fixed on stator, is not rotated with rotor, easy for installation, is advantageous to radiate, and is eliminated
Common electric machine due to permanent magnet rotates with rotor and caused mechanical stress is damaged, the permanent magnet bad grade that radiates lacks
Point.
4th, a set of winding is only laid in each stator slot of motor of the present invention, machine winding inserting-coil process is simple, in groove not
Need to place phase insulation, be advantageous to improve copper factor and groove utilization rate.
5th, motor excitation winding of the present invention is simple concentratred winding, and around stator slot yoke, permanent magnet and stator yoke twine
Around when motor path length is bigger, winding overhang copper consumption can be substantially reduced, reduce manufacturing cost, reduce copper loss, improve electricity
Machine operational efficiency；In addition to main air gap, motor of the present invention is additionally provided with additional air gap, and additional air gap dexterously designs the radial direction in motor
Direction, additional air gap will not increase the outside dimension of motor；A part of magnetic flux passes through main air gap caused by adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets
Main flux is formed into rotor, another part enters rotor without main air gap and closes to form leakage field by the additional air gap
It is logical, because total magnetic flux caused by permanent magnet is certain, can conveniently be adjusted by the size for adjusting electric current in Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
The size of the leakage magnetic flux, and then the size of the main flux entered by main air gap in rotor is adjusted, it can both play and increase magnetic work
With, can play again weak magnetic effect, effectively widen the rotating speed output area and power output scope of motor, significantly improve motor
Performance.
6th, the geomery of additional air gap can need flexibly to change according to different weak magnetics, can use wide air gap, on
Narrow air gap or up-narrow and down-wide air gap under width, different weak magnetic effects is reached with this；Magnetic flux caused by Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is by additional
Air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and rotor tooth form are into closed-loop path, and magnetic flux caused by Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is without permanent magnet, with permanent magnetism
Magnetic flux caused by body forms parallel relationship, reduces the magnetic resistance that magnetic flux corresponds to loop, same exciting current can produce larger
Magnetic flux, not only effectively increase weak magnetic efficiency, and avoid permanent magnet because magnetic flux causes through permanent magnet
Permanent magnet magnetic reversal and caused magnetic property such as decline at the risk of irreversible demagnetization, enhance the reliability of motor；It can lead to
Cross and change the rotor structure of motor of the present invention to eliminate torque dead-band, improve the starting performance of motor, for example asymmetry can be used
Rotor, turbine-like rotor or stepped rotor etc..
7th, because the cost of the permanent magnet of motor polar arc wider width is higher, easily ruptured when mechanically stressed, during installation
More difficult, mechanical strength is not as good as the situation that the less permanent magnet of polylith polar arc width is spliced, and in motor of the present invention
Permanent magnet can be one piece of permanent magnet integrally to magnetize, can also be spliced by polylith permanent magnet, therefore motor system of the present invention
It is simple to make technique, cost is low；Because the polar arc width of the permanent magnet of motor of the present invention can be according to the design magnetic energy product of permanent magnet
Or design residual flux density flexibly determines, so motor of the present invention can use the permanent magnet of high energy product or using low
The permanent magnet of magnetic energy product, high energy product permanent magnet and low magnetic energy product permanent magnet mix and match can also be used, can in actual design
To determine the residual flux density of permanent magnet according to the design air gap flux density of motor, then needed for being determined by the pole embrace of permanent magnet
Want the magnetic energy product of permanent magnet, and existing magneto generally only uses high-performance because pole embrace is limited by number of poles
Permanent magnet could meet the needs of high performance motor.
8th, motor permanent magnet of the present invention not region be directly facing air gap, can be radial magnetizing or is parallel magnetization, fill
Influence of the magnetic mode to motor performance can be compensated by changing the polar arc width of permanent magnet, and for other durface mounted permanent magnets
Motor, reduced using magnetic flux during parallel magnetization, the performance of motor can be significantly affected, radial magnetizing realizes more difficult, processing
Cost is high.
Brief description of the drawings
The power converter circuit figure of Fig. 1 motors of the present invention；
The existing brushless direct current permanent magnetics of Fig. 2 and permagnetic synchronous motor power converter circuit figure；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of motor embodiment 1 of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of motor embodiment 2 of the present invention；
Wherein, 1. stator tooth, 2. stator back yokes, 3. stator slot yokes, 4. armature slots, 5. excitation grooves, 6. armature winding, 7. encourage
Magnetic winding, 8. permanent magnets, 9. rotor tooths, 10. rotor slots, 11. main air gaps, 12 additional air gaps.
Embodiment：
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
For embodiment 1 as shown in figure 3, the present embodiment motor stator number of teeth is 8, the rotor number of teeth is 4, and permanent magnet block number is 4,
Present embodiment includes stator, rotor, main air gap and additional air gap, and stator includes stator core, permanent magnet and stator slot, stator
Iron core includes stator tooth 1, stator back yoke 2 and stator slot yoke 3, and stator core is made up of high permeability ferromagnetic material, stator core
Stator slot is provided with, stator slot includes armature slot 4 and excitation groove 5, armature slot 4 and the arrangement of the alternate intervals of excitation groove 5, excitation groove 5
Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7 is inside laid, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7 is penetrated from an excitation groove 5, then passed to the outer direction along stator back yoke 2, shape
Into a coil, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7 surrounds stator slot yoke 3, and permanent magnet 8 and stator back yoke 2 are wound, the excitation in each excitation groove around
Group be a set of coil, altogether 4 sets of coils of formation, 4 sets of coils can with each other in series or parallel, laid in armature slot 4 armature around
Group 6, armature winding 6 penetrates from an armature slot 4, is passed from another adjacent armature slot, forms a coil so that per phase
Size of current in adjacent two armature slots is identical, in the opposite direction；Arcuate permanent magnetic is laid between stator slot yoke 3 and stator back yoke 2
Body 8, permanent magnet 8 use the ferrite permanent magnet material of low magnetic energy product, and permanent magnet takes parallel magnetization, adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets
Magnetizing direction is opposite；Rotor includes rotor tooth 9 and rotor slot 10, and rotor tooth 9 is circumferentially symmetrical, rotor tooth 9 and stator tooth 1
Between be provided with main air gap 11；The stator slot yoke portion of top radially disconnects in groove where Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, if additional air gap 12, adds
Air gap 12 is arranged on motor radial direction, and the width everywhere of additional air gap 12 is equal.
For embodiment 2 as shown in figure 4, the present embodiment motor stator number of teeth is 8, the rotor number of teeth is 4, and permanent magnet block number is
16, present embodiment includes stator, rotor, main air gap and additional air gap, and stator includes stator core, permanent magnet and stator slot,
Stator core includes stator tooth 1, stator back yoke 2 and stator slot yoke 3, and stator core is made up of high permeability ferromagnetic material, stator
Iron core is provided with stator slot, and stator slot includes armature slot 4 and excitation groove 5, armature slot 4 and the arrangement of the alternate intervals of excitation groove 5, excitation
Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7 is laid in groove 5, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7 is penetrated from an excitation groove 5, then passed to the outer direction along stator back yoke,
A coil is formed, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7 surrounds stator slot yoke 3, and permanent magnet 8 and stator back yoke 2 are wound, the excitation in each excitation groove
Winding is a set of coil, forms 4 sets of coils altogether, and 4 sets of coils can lay armature with each other in series or parallel in armature slot 4
Winding 6, armature winding 6 penetrate from an armature slot 4, are passed from another adjacent armature slot, form a coil so that every
Size of current in two neighboring armature slot is identical, in the opposite direction；Arc is laid between stator slot yoke 3 and stator back yoke 2 forever
Magnet 8, there are 4 pieces of permanent magnets on each stator slot yoke 4, permanent magnet 8 is using the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material of high energy product, permanent magnet
Take radial magnetizing, the magnetizing direction of 4 pieces of permanent magnets on same stator slot yoke is identical, on adjacent different stator slot yokes forever
The magnetizing direction of magnet is opposite；Rotor includes rotor tooth 9 and rotor slot 10, and rotor is turbine shape, when rotor tooth 9 and stator tooth 1
During alignment, the rotor tooth is different from the magnetic resistance of two neighboring stator tooth, is advantageous to eliminate torque dead-band, improves motor starting
Energy；Main air gap 11 is provided between rotor tooth 9 and stator tooth 1；The stator slot yoke portion of top radially breaks in groove where Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
Open, if additional air gap 12, additional air gap 12 is arranged on motor radial direction, additional air gap 12 close to armature slot part width compared with
It is narrow, the wider width close to stator back yoke part.
Although above-mentioned the embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to accompanying drawing, model not is protected to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art are not
Need to pay various modifications or deformation that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of ring-shaped yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor, it is characterized in that, including stator and turn
Son, the stator include the stator yoke being made up of stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, are provided with forever between stator slot yoke and stator back yoke
Magnet, stator slot yoke are located at stator trench bottom close to cylindrical circumferential direction, and groove where the stator slot includes armature winding is armature
Groove where groove and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is excitation groove, and circumferentially alternate intervals arrange for the armature slot and excitation groove, in the armature slot
A set of armature winding is laid, set of excitation winding is laid in the excitation groove；
The Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection penetrates from an excitation groove, is then passed to the outer direction along on the outside of stator back yoke, forms one and encourages
Magnetic coil, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection surround stator slot yoke, and permanent magnet and stator back yoke are wound, and the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection in each excitation groove is a set of
Magnet exciting coil；
The rotor includes rotor tooth, and rotor slot is provided between adjacent rotor tooth, and main gas is provided between stator tooth and rotor tooth
Gap；The stator slot yoke portion of top radially disconnects in excitation groove where the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, provided with additional air gap；
During the motor running, size of current and the direction of a set of armature winding are controlled, it is constant that the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection leads to direction
DC current, armature supply magnetic field, exciting current magnetic field and magnetic field interaction caused by permanent magnet cause on stator tooth
Magnetic flux mutually strengthens or offset, and stator field is continuously opened or turned off in a certain direction, utilizes magnetic between stator and rotor
Resistiveization produces torque；
Magnetic flux caused by the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection passes through additional air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and rotor tooth form into closed-loop path, excitation
Magnetic flux caused by winding without permanent magnet, with permanent magnet caused by magnetic flux form parallel relationship；
The rotor is symmetrical field spider, stepped rotor or turbine-like rotor.
2. a kind of ring-shaped yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Sign is, a part of magnetic flux caused by adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets enters rotor by main air gap and forms main flux, another part without
Cross main air gap to close to form leakage magnetic flux into rotor and by the additional air gap, because total magnetic flux caused by permanent magnet is certain
, turned by adjusting the size of the big minor adjustment leakage magnetic flux of electric current in Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, and then adjusting to enter by main air gap
The size of main flux in son, the effect of regulation excitation is realized with this.
3. a kind of ring-shaped yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Sign is that the number ns of the stator tooth meets：Ns=2*n, wherein n are greater than the natural number equal to 2；
The number nr of the rotor tooth and the number ns of stator tooth meet：Nr=ns/2；
The block number npm of the permanent magnet and the number ns of stator tooth meet：Npm/m=0.5*ns, m are the nature more than or equal to 1
Number.
4. a kind of ring-shaped yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Sign is that the additional air gap is width identical even air gap or the everywhere different non-homogeneous air gap of width everywhere.
5. a kind of ring-shaped yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Sign is that groove where the armature winding a from armature winding penetrates, and is passed from adjacent armature slot, in two neighboring armature slot
Armature winding form an armature coil, each armature coil is across two stator tooths away from where two neighboring armature winding
The size of current of armature winding is identical in groove, in the opposite direction.
6. a kind of ring-shaped yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor as described in claim 1 or 3, its
It is characterized in, the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection in each excitation groove is set of excitation coil.
7. a kind of ring-shaped yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Sign is that the permanent magnet is parallel magnetization or radial magnetizing, and the polar arc width of the permanent magnet is identical or different, same fixed
The magnetizing direction of permanent magnet on pilot trench yoke is identical, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet in two neighboring stator slot yoke portion is opposite.
8. a kind of ring-shaped yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 7, it is special
Sign is that the polar arc width of permanent magnet is flexibly determined by the magnetic energy product according to permanent magnet or residual flux density.
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| CN201510694255.7A CN105226861B (en) | 2015-10-22 | 2015-10-22 | A kind of ring-shaped yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor |
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| CN201510694255.7A CN105226861B (en) | 2015-10-22 | 2015-10-22 | A kind of ring-shaped yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor |
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| CN105226861B true CN105226861B (en) | 2018-01-09 |
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| CN109149798B (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2020-12-15 | 山东理工大学 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor of wound stator core of electric automobile |
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| CN101552497A (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2009-10-07 | 浙江大学 | A mixed excitation biconvex pole motor T |
| CN101764492A (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2010-06-30 | 南京航空航天大学 | Composite excitation partitioned stator and rotor switched reluctance motor |
| CN101820192A (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2010-09-01 | 常州工学院 | Mixed excitation permanent magnet flux switching motor |
| CN103490532A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-01 | 东南大学 | Fault-tolerant type stator segmentation flux switching memory motor |
| CN104218763A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-12-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multi-phase reluctance machine |
| CN205081599U (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-03-09 | 山东大学 | Excitation winding high power density mixed excitation permanent magnet motor of annular yoke portion |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101552497A (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2009-10-07 | 浙江大学 | A mixed excitation biconvex pole motor T |
| CN101764492A (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2010-06-30 | 南京航空航天大学 | Composite excitation partitioned stator and rotor switched reluctance motor |
| CN101820192A (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2010-09-01 | 常州工学院 | Mixed excitation permanent magnet flux switching motor |
| CN103490532A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-01 | 东南大学 | Fault-tolerant type stator segmentation flux switching memory motor |
| CN104218763A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2014-12-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multi-phase reluctance machine |
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Effective date of registration: 20240206 Address after: 253699 North of Xishou Road, Fu'an Street, Economic Development Zone, Leling City, Dezhou City, Shandong Province Patentee after: Shandong Hetian Power Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 250061, No. ten, No. 17923, Lixia District, Ji'nan City, Shandong Province Patentee before: SHANDONG University Country or region before: China |