CN105141104B - A kind of yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator - Google Patents
A kind of yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN105141104B CN105141104B CN201510694441.0A CN201510694441A CN105141104B CN 105141104 B CN105141104 B CN 105141104B CN 201510694441 A CN201510694441 A CN 201510694441A CN 105141104 B CN105141104 B CN 105141104B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator, its stator slot includes armature slot and excitation groove, the armature slot and the arrangement of excitation groove alternate intervals, a set of armature winding is surrounded with two adjacent armature slots, the armature winding indirect current, set of excitation winding is provided with the excitation groove, the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection leads to the constant DC current in direction；Main air gap is provided between stator tooth and mover tooth, the stator slot yoke portion of top radially disconnects in groove where the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, provided with additional air gap；The magnetic field interaction produced by armature supply magnetic field, exciting current magnetic field and permanent magnet causes the magnetic flux on stator tooth to change, and torque is produced using magnetic resistance change rate between stator and mover.The present invention efficiently reduces device for power switching number, reduces the possibility that device for power switching in circuit for controlling motor breaks down, and reliability is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator.
Background technology
In recent years, with the raising and the reduction of price of permanent-magnet material resistance to elevated temperatures, magneto is in national defence, industrial or agricultural
More it is widely applied in terms of production and daily life, positive high-power, high performance and miniaturization direction are developed.
The power of current magneto is from several milliwatts to several megawatts, and application draws use from toy motor, commercial Application to naval vessel
Large-scale magneto, be widely applied in the various aspects of national economy, daily life, war industry, Aero-Space.
Regular alternating current magneto is generally divided into following a few classes：Asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor, DC permanent-magnetic brushless
Motor, speed governing permasyn morot.
It is essentially identical on brshless DC motor and speed governing permanent magnetic synchronous motor structure, it is on polyphase windings, mover on stator
There is permanent magnet, their main distinction is brshless DC motor according to rotor position information realization motor synchronizing.Their advantage
It is：(1) brush-commutated device is eliminated, reliability is improved；(2) loss is mainly produced by stator, and radiating condition is good；(3) volume
It is small, lightweight.
Asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor is with the difference on speed governing permanent magnet synchronous motor structure：The former has on mover
Winding or the integral core with priming are started, self-starting can be realized, can be incorporated into the power networks without control system.
In addition, also electric machine, electric machine needs supporting capacitor start and operation, and volume is stupid
Weight, cost is high, and the efficiency and power factor of overall operation are all relatively low.
Existing magneto is fixed due to permanent magnet magnetic kinetic potential, and motor main flux is non-adjustable, causes output-constant operation scope
Narrow, speed adjustable range is not wide in range enough, and machine winding is generally 3 phases, and stator slot number is more, winding inserting complex process；It is existing
Most of permanent magnet of permanent magnet motor are located on mover, are rotated during operation with mover, permanent magnet need to be fixed using special procedure,
Manufacturing cost is high, when especially motor speed is higher, and permanent magnet fixes more difficult, because permanent magnet is located on mover, during operation
Radiating is difficult, temperature rise and caused by mover is rotated vibration permanent magnet mechanical structure can be caused to damage and occur irreversible move back
Magnetic；Existing magneto is generally three-phase, it is desirable to which the power inversion circuit of motor at least needs 6 device for power switching, such as
IGBT or MOSFET etc., and the corresponding drive circuit and protection circuit that drive the device for power switching so that electricity
Acc power inverter circuit cost is at a relatively high, even up to two to three times of motor body cost, and quantity of power switches increases
Add control complexity in circuits, the possibility increase of device failure, the reliability reduction of runtime system.
For the existing nonadjustable shortcoming of magneto excitation magnetic potential, related scholar proposes some composite excitation structures electricity
Machine, this kind of composite excitation structural electromotor can be divided into two classes from excitation mode, and a class is permanent magnet magnetic potential and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection magnetic
Gesture series-mode frame, this class formation is needed through permanent magnet due to magnetic flux, and exciting current is big, and excitation loss is high, Er Qiehui
The risk of irreversible demagnetization is produced to permanent magnet, using not extensive；Another kind of is that permanent magnet magnetic potential and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection magnetic potential are in parallel
Structure, this class formation typically use stator permanent-magnet, permanent magnet be located at stator on, by adjust Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection electric current adjust magnetic
, this kind of motor adjustable magnetic performance is good, but after increase Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, machine winding tricks is more so that electric machine structure is complicated, sometimes
The situation for having the situation or existing phase winding for covering windings to have Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection again in a groove occurs, the increase of groove domestic demand is alternate more
Insulation, winding inserting complex process, groove utilization rate is low, in addition, it is desirable to increase excitation groove, electromechanics structure scatteredization is serious,
Assembling is fixed difficult, and processing technology is complicated, and motor cost is high., it is necessary at least increase again after what is more important, increase Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
Plus a device for power switching controls the electric current of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, which further adds the cost of power circuit, moreover, excitation
The magnetic flux and main flux that winding is produced share main magnetic circuit and main air gap, and by motor, other design parameters are limited excitation effect,
Once motor is made, excitation effect can only be controlled by adjusting exciting current, it is impossible to control by individually designed magnetic excitation circuit
Magnetic flux, therefore, seeks that a kind of body construction is simple, cost is low, adjustable magnetic flexible function but device for power switching number is few, control
The low hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor of device and power circuit cost processed is most important, therefore, seeks a kind of body construction simply, cost
It is low, there is adjustable magnetic function but device for power switching number is few, controller and the low hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor of power circuit cost are extremely
Close important.
In addition, Distributed Winding or the concentratred winding across multiple pole spans are used more existing magneto, is generally deposited
In winding terminal minister, copper consumption is big, and manufacturing cost is high, and copper loss is big during motor operation, the low shortcoming of efficiency, especially for external diameter
Larger, axial length is smaller, that is, the larger motor of path length ratio, this shortcoming it is especially prominent, it is necessary to using it is special around
Organize coil connected mode to reduce winding overhang, reduction copper improves motor operation efficiency.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the above problems, it is proposed that a kind of yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet is straight
There are a set of stator armature winding and set of excitation winding, and each groove of motor on line generator, the stator of this permanent magnet motor
Lay for interior and phase insulation do not needed in a set of winding, groove, copper factor is high, and machine winding down line process is simple, entirely into
This is less than existing all kinds of three-phase induction motors and magneto；Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, excitation are laid in motor excitation groove of the present invention
Winding is penetrated from an excitation groove, is then passed in outward direction along on the outside of stator back yoke, forms a coil, and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is enclosed
Around stator slot yoke, permanent magnet and stator back yoke are wound, and the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection in each excitation groove is a set of coil；Armature of the present invention around
Group indirect current stream, another group of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection leads to DC current, therefore the control circuit of motor only needs two electric and electronic powers
Switching device, change have on existing all kinds of induction conductivities and permanent magnet motor stator three-phase and the armature of the above around
Group is, it is necessary to which the present situation of at least six electric and electronic power switching device, efficiently reduces device for power switching number, reduce electricity
The possibility that device for power switching breaks down in machine control circuit, reliability is improved.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator, including stator, mover, additional gas
Gap and main air gap, mover are arranged at the inside of stator, wherein：
It is evenly arranged with the stator in even number stator tooth, two neighboring stator tooth and is provided with stator slot, positioned at stator
Groove is provided with permanent magnet between the stator slot yoke and stator back yoke of lateral direction, and the permanent magnet is not rotated with mover, same
The magnetizing direction of permanent magnet on individual stator slot yoke is identical, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet in two neighboring stator slot yoke portion is opposite；
The stator slot includes armature slot and excitation groove, the armature slot and the arrangement of excitation groove alternate intervals, and two adjacent
Armature slot in be surrounded with a set of armature winding, the armature winding indirect current, in the excitation groove provided with set of excitation around
Group, the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection leads to the constant DC current in direction；
Main air gap is provided between stator tooth and the mover tooth, the stator slot yoke portion of trench bottom breaks where the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
Open, provided with additional air gap, the magnetic flux part that adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets are produced enters mover formation main flux by main air gap, separately
A part enters mover without main air gap and closes to form leakage magnetic flux by the additional air gap, electric in Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection by adjusting
The size of the big minor adjustment leakage magnetic flux of stream, and then the size of the main flux entered by main air gap in mover is adjusted, realize and adjust
Save excitation.
Permanent magnet is not moved with mover, easy for installation, is conducive to radiating, is eliminated common magneto due to permanent magnet
The shortcomings of mechanical stress for rotating and producing with mover is damaged and permanent magnet radiating is bad, every piece of permanent magnet both can be by a monoblock
Permanent magnet, which magnetizes, to be formed, and can also be spliced by the permanent magnet of polylith narrower width, the width of the permanent magnet can with identical,
Can also be different.
The size of additional air gap determines the size of leakage field, and the size of additional air gap should be according to the leakage magnetic flux and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
The number of turn and electric current determine.
The number of the stator tooth is the even number more than or equal to 2.
The number of the mover tooth is more than or equal to the 1/2 of stator tooth number.
The block number number of the permanent magnet is m times of mover tooth, and m is the natural number more than or equal to 1.
Only laid in a set of armature winding or Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, stator slot in the stator slot and do not need phase insulation,
Groove utilization rate is high, and winding inserting technique is simple, and manufacturing cost is low.
The magnetic flux that the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is produced forms closed-loop path by additional air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and mover tooth,
The magnetic flux that Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is produced is without permanent magnet, and the magnetic flux formation parallel relationship produced with permanent magnet reduces magnetic flux
The magnetic resistance in correspondence loop, same exciting current can produce larger magnetic flux, not only effectively increase adjustable magnetic efficiency, and keep away
The magnetic property decline that permanent magnet is caused permanent magnet magnetic reversal and produced due to magnetic flux through permanent magnet etc. is exempted from irreversible
The risk of demagnetization, enhances the reliability of motor.
The Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is penetrated from an excitation groove, is then passed laterally along on the outside of stator back yoke, forms a line
Circle, the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection that Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is surrounded in stator slot yoke, permanent magnet and the winding of stator back yoke, each excitation groove is a set of line
Circle, all coils of formation can be with parallel with one another or series connection.
Groove where the armature winding a from armature winding is penetrated, and is passed from adjacent armature slot, two neighboring armature
Winding in groove constitutes an armature coil, and each armature coil is across two stator tooths away from where two neighboring armature winding
The size of current of winding is identical in groove, in the opposite direction.
The magnetic flux part that adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets are produced enters mover formation main flux, another portion by main air gap
Divide and enter mover without main air gap and close to form leakage magnetic flux by the additional air gap, the total magnetic flux produced due to permanent magnet
It is certain, the size of the leakage magnetic flux can be adjusted by adjusting the size of electric current in Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, and then adjust by main gas
The size for the main flux that gap is entered in mover, the effect of regulation excitation is realized with this.
The width of the permanent magnet is determined by the magnetic energy product according to permanent magnet or residual flux density, according to the design of motor
Air gap flux density determines the residual flux density of permanent magnet, then determines the magnetic energy product of permanent magnet by changing the pole embrace of permanent magnet,
And existing magneto is limited due to pole embrace by number of poles, design only generally could be met using high-performance permanent magnet
The need for magnetic is close.
The permanent magnet both can be that the permanent-magnet material such as neodymium iron boron of high energy product can also be the permanent magnetism material of low magnetic energy product
Material such as ferrite or aluminium nickel cobalt are made.
The present invention operation principle be：
Stator core and mover core is formed using silicon steel plate stacking or the core material of high permeability is once made, when
When armature winding and the equal no power of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, a part for the magnetic flux that the permanent magnet is produced passes through stator slot yoke, stator tooth
Mover tooth, then the permanent magnet flowed out to by adjacent mover tooth under main air gap reaches another extremely are flowed into main air gap, then is passed through
Stator back yoke closure is crossed, this results in the main flux of motor；Permanent magnet produce another part magnetic flux without main air gap, but
By stator slot yoke pass through additional air gap, enter it is another extremely under permanent magnet, closed by stator back yoke, this part magnetic flux does not have
Have into main air gap and mover, only in stator interior closure, this part magnetic flux is leakage magnetic flux.Excitation is provided with below additional air gap
Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is laid in groove, excitation groove, during Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection galvanization, according to the difference of the sense of current, what Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection was produced
Magnetic field will strengthen or weaken main flux, and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection electric current is bigger, and the enhancing or weakening effect to main flux are stronger, due to encouraging
Magnetic winding magnetic potential and permanent magnet magnetic potential are in parallel, and the total magnetic flux that permanent magnet is produced is certain, therefore, by adjusting Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
Interior sense of current and size can adjust the size of the leakage magnetic flux, and then adjust the main magnetic entered by main air gap in mover
Logical size, the effect of regulation excitation is realized with this.When armature winding is powered, the magnetic field that armature winding electric current is produced causes electricity
Different polarity are presented in the stator tooth of armature slot both sides respectively where pivot winding, and the magnetic fields produced with permanent magnet are superimposed, and are made
Obtain a stator tooth and show polarity, there is main flux magnetic flux process, another adjacent stator tooth does not have polarity, and no magnetic flux flows through,
Because armature winding is set every a groove, the stator tooth for therefore, in motor having half has polarity, and the stator tooth of half does not have
Polarity, according to magnetic resistance minimum principle, makes the position that mover tooth is overlapped with the stator tooth with polarity by mover is moved to, due to
The mover number of teeth be the stator number of teeth half, now just each mover tooth is just right with stator tooth, this position be mover tooth and
The aligned position of stator tooth, the corresponding inductance in this position is maximum and magnetic resistance is minimum.Now, mover continues to move, and keeps armature
Sense of current is constant in winding, and the power of its motion hindered, and generator operation are continued logical in inductance last transition by mover
Electricity, power generation process will be continued for, and after stator and mover align once again, change the direction of armature supply so that do not had just now
The stator tooth of polarized shows polarity, and the stator tooth of original polarized does not show polarity, and mover continues stress and generated electricity, this
Process will be repeated always, and power generation process is continued for.Because the main flux that mover tooth is entered by main air gap can be by upper
Exciting current adjustment is stated, therefore, motor of the present invention can need to realize according to actual condition increases magnetic operation and weak magnetic field operation, widens
The output voltage range of motor, reduces manufacturing cost, improves electric efficiency.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) motor excitation winding of the present invention leads to the constant DC current in direction, it is only necessary to control the electricity of a set of armature winding
Size and Orientation is flowed, therefore only needs to two device for power switching, and common three phase electric machine needs at least six power switch device
Device for power switching number is few needed for part, electric machine controller, and cost is low；
(2) magnetic field that armature winding and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection are produced during motor operation of the present invention on the stator teeth mutually enhancing or
Offset, armature winding and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection complete period are powered simultaneously during motor operation, therefore, the power density of motor of the present invention is high,
Stock utilization is high, the motor of same design power, and motor of the present invention saves material usage, reduces cost；
(3) motor permanent magnet of the present invention is fixed on stator, is not rotated with mover, easy for installation, is conducive to radiating, is eliminated
Common electric machine is damaged due to the mechanical stress that permanent magnet rotates with mover and produces, and the permanent magnet bad grade that radiates lacks
Point；A set of winding is only laid in each stator slot of motor of the present invention, machine winding inserting-coil process is simple, need not be placed in groove
Phase insulation, is conducive to improving copper factor and groove utilization rate；
(4) motor excitation winding of the present invention is simple concentratred winding, and around stator slot yoke, permanent magnet and stator yoke are twined
Around, when electric machine stator iron length is larger, winding overhang copper consumption can be substantially reduced, manufacturing cost is reduced, reduces copper loss,
Improve motor operation efficiency；
(5) in addition to main air gap, motor of the present invention is additionally provided with additional air gap, and additional air gap dexterously designs the length in motor
Direction, additional air gap will not increase the size of motor；A part of magnetic flux that adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets are produced enters by main air gap
Mover formation main flux, another part enters mover without main air gap and closes to form leakage magnetic flux by the additional air gap, by
The total magnetic flux produced in permanent magnet is certain, and the leakage field can be conveniently adjusted by the size for adjusting electric current in Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
Logical size, and then the size of the main flux entered by main air gap in mover is adjusted, increasing magnetic action can be both played, again may be used
To play weak magnetic effect, the voltage output range and power output scope of motor are effectively widened, the performance of motor is significantly improved；
(6) geomery of additional air gap can need flexible change according to different weak magnetics, can use wide air gap, on
Narrow air gap or up-narrow and down-wide air gap under width, different weak magnetic effects are reached with this；
(7) magnetic flux that Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is produced forms closed-loop path by additional air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and mover tooth,
The magnetic flux that Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is produced is without permanent magnet, and the magnetic flux formation parallel relationship produced with permanent magnet reduces magnetic flux
The magnetic resistance in correspondence loop, same exciting current can produce larger magnetic flux, not only effectively increase weak magnetic efficiency, and keep away
The magnetic property decline that permanent magnet is caused permanent magnet magnetic reversal and produced due to magnetic flux through permanent magnet etc. is exempted from irreversible
The risk of demagnetization, enhances the reliability of motor；
(8) permanent magnet that the permanent magnet in motor of the present invention can magnetize for one piece of entirety, can also be by polylith permanent magnet
It is spliced, therefore manufacturing process is simple, cost is low, improves because the cost of the permanent magnet of motor wider width is higher, machine
Easily ruptured during tool stress, more difficult during installation, mechanical strength is spliced not as good as the less permanent magnet of polylith width
Problem；
(9) width of the permanent magnet of motor of the present invention can be according to the design magnetic energy product of permanent magnet or design residual flux density
Flexibly determine, so motor of the present invention both can also use the permanent magnet of low magnetic energy product using the permanent magnet of high energy product,
High energy product permanent magnet and low magnetic energy product permanent magnet mix and match can also be used, can be according to the design of motor in actual design
Air gap flux density determines the residual flux density of permanent magnet, then permanent magnet required for being determined by the pole embrace of permanent magnet magnetic energy
Product, solves existing magneto because pole embrace is limited by number of poles, generally only uses high-performance permanent magnet ability
The problem of meeting high performance motor needs；
(10) both the permanent magnet of low magnetic energy product can also be used using the permanent magnet of high energy product, it would however also be possible to employ high
It can be determined in magnetic energy product permanent magnet and low magnetic energy product permanent magnet mix and match, actual design according to the design air gap flux density of motor
The residual flux density of permanent magnet, then permanent magnet required for being determined by the pole embrace of permanent magnet magnetic energy product, and existing permanent magnetism
Motor is limited due to pole embrace by number of poles, generally only could meet the need of high performance motor using high-performance permanent magnet
Will.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the power converter circuit figure of motor of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is existing brushless direct current permanent magnetic and permagnetic synchronous motor power converter circuit figure；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of motor embodiment 1 of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of motor embodiment 2 of the present invention；
Wherein, 1. stator tooth, 2. stator back yokes, 3. stator slot yokes, 4. armature slots, 5. excitation grooves, 6. armature winding, 7. encourage
Magnetic winding, 8. permanent magnets, 9. mover teeth, 10. mover grooves, 11. main air gaps, 12. additional air gaps.
Embodiment：
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator, it includes stator, mover, main gas
Gap and additional air gap, stator include permanent magnet, stator yoke, stator tooth, stator slot and stator winding；Mover includes mover tooth and dynamic
Pilot trench；Stator yoke includes stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, and stator slot yoke is located at stator slot close to lateral direction, stator slot yoke and fixed
Permanent magnet is provided between sub- back yoke, permanent magnet is not moved with mover, easy for installation, is conducive to radiating, eliminate common permanent magnetism hair
Motor damages the shortcomings of radiating bad with permanent magnet, every piece of permanent magnet due to the mechanical stress that permanent magnet rotates with mover and produces
Both it can be magnetized and formed by a monoblock permanent magnet, can also be spliced by the permanent magnet of polylith narrower width, the width of permanent magnet
Degree can be with identical, can also be different, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet on same stator slot yoke is identical, two neighboring stator slot yoke
The magnetizing direction of permanent magnet in portion is opposite；Groove where groove (armature slot) where stator slot includes armature winding and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
A set of armature winding is laid in (excitation groove), the armature slot and the arrangement of excitation groove alternate intervals, the armature slot, it is described to encourage
Set of excitation winding is laid in magnetic groove, during motor operation, it is only necessary to control size of current and the direction of a set of armature winding, institute
State Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection and lead to the constant DC current in direction, the magnetic field phase that armature supply magnetic field, exciting current magnetic field and permanent magnet are produced
Interaction causes the magnetic flux on stator tooth mutually to strengthen or offset, and stator field is continuously opened or closed in a certain direction
It is disconnected, produce torque using magnetic resistance change rate between stator and mover and generate electricity；Main air gap is provided between stator tooth and mover tooth；Excitation around
The stator slot yoke portion of groove inner bottom part disconnects where group, if additional air gap, additional air gap does not increase the size of motor, and adjacent two pieces forever
A part of magnetic flux that magnet is produced enters mover formation main flux by main air gap, and another part enters mover without main air gap
And close to form leakage magnetic flux by the additional air gap, because the total magnetic flux that permanent magnet is produced is certain, by adjusting excitation
The size of electric current can adjust the size of the leakage magnetic flux in winding, and then adjust the main flux entered by main air gap in mover
Size, with this realize regulation excitation effect.
The number ns of motor stator tooth is met：Ns=2*n, wherein n are greater than the natural number equal to 1.
The number nr of electric mover tooth and the number ns of motor stator tooth are met：nr≥ns/2.
The block number npm of permanent magnet and the number ns of motor stator tooth are met：Npm/m=0.5*ns, m are more than or equal to 1
Natural number.
Only laid in stator slot and phase insulation is not needed in a set of armature winding or Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, stator slot, groove profit
High with rate, winding inserting technique is simple, and manufacturing cost is low.
The magnetic flux that Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is produced is by additional air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and mover tooth formation closed-loop path, excitation
The magnetic flux that winding is produced is without permanent magnet, and the magnetic flux formation parallel relationship produced with permanent magnet reduces magnetic flux correspondence
The magnetic resistance in loop, same exciting current can produce larger magnetic flux, not only effectively increase adjustable magnetic efficiency, and avoid
The irreversible demagnetizations such as the magnetic property decline that permanent magnet is caused permanent magnet magnetic reversal and produced due to magnetic flux through permanent magnet
Risk, enhance the reliability of motor.
Permanent magnet is in close contact with stator back yoke iron core and stator slot yoke core.
Additional air gap can be width identical even air gap everywhere, or the different non-homogeneous gas of width everywhere
Gap, thus it is possible to vary the width of additional air gap obtains different increasing magnetic and weak magnetic characteristic using not wide gap structure up and down,
The need for different application occasion being met with this.
Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is penetrated from an excitation groove, is then passed laterally along on the outside of stator back yoke, is formed a coil, is encouraged
The Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection that magnetic winding is surrounded in stator slot yoke, permanent magnet and the winding of stator back yoke, each excitation groove is a set of coil, conformal
Into 4 sets of magnet exciting coils, 4 sets of coils can be with parallel with one another or series connection；
Groove where armature winding a from armature winding is penetrated, and is passed from adjacent armature slot, in two neighboring armature slot
Winding constitute an armature coil, each armature coil is across two stator tooths away from where two neighboring armature winding in groove
The size of current of winding is identical, in the opposite direction.
The width of the permanent magnet of motor can flexibly be determined by the magnetic energy product or residual flux density according to permanent magnet, can be with
The residual flux density of permanent magnet is determined according to the design air gap flux density of motor, then determined forever by changing the pole embrace of permanent magnet
The magnetic energy product of magnet, and existing magneto is limited due to pole embrace by number of poles, generally only uses high-performance permanent magnet
Body could meet design magnetic it is close the need for.
Permanent magnet both can be high energy product permanent-magnet material such as neodymium iron boron can also be the permanent-magnet material of low magnetic energy product such as
Ferrite or aluminium nickel cobalt are made.
Excitation field can be adjusted during motor operation of the present invention, can be with regulation motor by the electric current for adjusting Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection F
Magnetic flux density in air gap, motor excitation winding of the present invention is placed in below additional air gap, and both are placed side by side, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
The magnetic flux of generation is directly over additional air gap, and stator tooth, main air gap and mover tooth forms closed-loop path, and magnetic flux is without forever
Magnet, the magnetic flux formation parallel relationship produced with permanent magnet, this not only effectively increases weak magnetic efficiency, and avoids permanent magnet
The risk of the irreversible demagnetizations such as the magnetic property decline produced due to magnetic reversal, the permanent magnet selection of motor of the present invention is flexible,
Both the permanent magnet of high energy product can be selected, the permanent magnet of the low magnetic energy product such as ferrite can also be selected, because electricity can be passed through
The design air gap flux density of machine determines the residual flux density of permanent magnet, then determines permanent magnet by changing the pole embrace of permanent magnet
Magnetic energy product, and existing magneto is limited due to pole embrace by number of poles, generally only uses high-performance permanent magnet ability
The need for satisfaction design magnetic is close.
Because the difference of additional air gap width can significantly change the leakage field between the magnetic resistance of motor magnetic circuit, influence permanent magnet
It is logical, and then the increasing magnetic and weak magnetic effect of motor are influenceed, it therefore, it can change the width of additional air gap or using not wide up and down
Gap structure, different motor characteristics can be obtained by the additional air gap width for changing motor, and different application is met with this
The need for conjunction.
Only a set of stator armature winding A and a set of encouraged as shown in figure 1, motor is hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor, on stator
Only laid in magnetic winding F, and each groove of motor and phase insulation is not needed in a set of winding, groove, machine winding down line process
Simply, whole cost is less than existing all kinds of three-phase induction motors and magneto, due to being not required to phase insulation, copper factor in groove
It is high；Armature winding is laid in armature groove of the present invention, armature winding is penetrated from an armature slot, then passed through to the outer direction
Cross stator back yoke to pass, form a coil, armature winding is around stator slot yoke, permanent magnet and the winding of stator back yoke, Mei Ge electricity
Armature winding in pivot groove is a set of coil, and all coils can be with each other in series or parallel；Motor permanent magnet of the present invention is fixed
In on stator, do not rotated with mover, it is easy for installation, be conducive to radiating, eliminate common electric machine due to permanent magnet with
The mechanical stress that mover rotates and produced is damaged, the shortcomings of permanent magnet radiating is bad；The power density of motor of the present invention is high, material
Utilization rate is high, the motor of same design power, and motor of the present invention saves material usage, reduces cost；During motor operation of the present invention
Only a set of armature winding A indirect current streams, and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection F passes to the constant DC current in direction, therefore the control of motor
Circuit only needs two electric and electronic power switching devices, such as IGBT or MOSFET.
As shown in Fig. 2 have on existing all kinds of induction conductivities and permanent magnet motor stator three-phase and the armature of the above around
Group is, it is necessary at least six electric and electronic power switching device.Therefore, switching device needed for the control system of motor of the present invention is few, into
This is low, simple in construction.Further, since device for power switching number is few, reduces device for power switching in circuit for controlling motor and send out
The possibility of raw failure, reliability is improved.
Excitation field can be adjusted during motor operation of the present invention, can be with regulation motor by the electric current for adjusting Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection F
Magnetic flux density in air gap, motor excitation winding of the present invention is placed in below additional air gap, and both are placed side by side, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
The magnetic flux of generation is directly over additional air gap, and stator tooth, main air gap and mover tooth forms closed-loop path, and magnetic flux is without forever
Magnet, the magnetic flux formation parallel relationship produced with permanent magnet, this not only effectively increases weak magnetic efficiency, and avoids permanent magnet
The risk of the irreversible demagnetizations such as the magnetic property decline produced due to magnetic reversal, the permanent magnet selection of motor of the present invention is flexible,
Both the permanent magnet of high energy product can be selected, the permanent magnet of the low magnetic energy product such as ferrite can also be selected, because electricity can be passed through
The design air gap flux density of machine determines the residual flux density of permanent magnet, then determines permanent magnet by changing the pole embrace of permanent magnet
Magnetic energy product, and existing magneto is limited due to pole embrace by number of poles, generally only uses high-performance permanent magnet ability
The need for satisfaction design magnetic is close.
Because the difference of additional air gap width can significantly change the leakage field between the magnetic resistance of motor magnetic circuit, influence permanent magnet
It is logical, and then the increasing magnetic and weak magnetic effect of motor are influenceed, it therefore, it can change the width of additional air gap or using not wide up and down
Gap structure, different motor characteristics can be obtained by the additional air gap width for changing motor, and different application is met with this
The need for conjunction.
Embodiment one：
As shown in figure 3, the motor stator number of teeth is 8, the mover number of teeth is 4, and permanent magnet block number is 4, and present embodiment includes fixed
Son, mover, main air gap and additional air gap, stator includes stator core, permanent magnet and stator slot, and stator core includes stator tooth 1,
Stator back yoke 2 and stator slot yoke 3, stator core are made up of high permeability ferromagnetic material, and stator core is provided with stator slot, stator
Groove includes laying Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7 in armature slot 4 and excitation groove 5, armature slot 4 and the arrangement of the alternate intervals of excitation groove 5, excitation groove 5,
Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7 is penetrated from an excitation groove 5, is then passed in outward direction along stator back yoke 2, formed a coil, excitation around
Group 7 surrounds stator slot yoke 3, and permanent magnet 8 and stator back yoke 2 are wound, and the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection in each excitation groove is a set of coil, conformal
Into 4 sets of coils, 4 sets of coils can lay armature winding 6, armature winding 6 from one with each other in series or parallel in armature slot 4
Individual armature slot 4 is penetrated, and is passed from another adjacent armature slot, forms a coil so that in per two neighboring armature slot
Size of current is identical, in the opposite direction；Permanent magnet 8 is laid between stator slot yoke 3 and stator back yoke 2, permanent magnet uses low magnetic energy
Long-pending ferrite permanent magnet material, the magnetizing direction of adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets is opposite；Mover includes mover tooth 9 and mover groove 10,
Main air gap 11 is provided between mover tooth 9 and stator tooth 1；The stator slot yoke portion of top disconnects in the place groove of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7, if additional
Air gap 12, the width everywhere of additional air gap 12 is equal.
Embodiment two：
As shown in figure 4, the motor stator number of teeth is 8, the mover number of teeth is 4, and permanent magnet block number is 8, and present embodiment includes fixed
Son, mover, main air gap and additional air gap, stator includes stator core, permanent magnet and stator slot, and stator core includes stator tooth 1,
Stator back yoke 2 and stator slot yoke 3, stator core are made up of high permeability ferromagnetic material, and stator core is provided with stator slot, stator
Groove includes laying Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7 in armature slot 4 and excitation groove 5, armature slot 4 and the arrangement of the alternate intervals of excitation groove 5, excitation groove 5,
Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7 is penetrated from an excitation groove 5, is then passed in outward direction along stator back yoke 2, formed a coil, excitation around
Group 7 surrounds stator slot yoke 3, and permanent magnet 8 and stator back yoke 2 are wound, and the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection in each excitation groove is a set of coil, conformal
Into 4 sets of coils, 4 sets of coils can lay armature winding 6, armature winding 6 from one with each other in series or parallel in armature slot 4
Individual armature slot 4 is penetrated, and is passed from another adjacent armature slot 4, forms a coil so that in per two neighboring armature slot
Size of current is identical, in the opposite direction；Being laid between stator slot yoke 3 and stator back yoke 2 on permanent magnet 8, each stator slot yoke has 2
Block permanent magnet, permanent magnet uses magnetizing for 2 pieces of permanent magnets on the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material of high energy product, same stator slot yoke
Direction is identical, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet on adjacent different stator slot yokes is opposite；Mover includes mover tooth 9 and mover groove
10, main air gap 11 is provided between mover tooth 9 and stator tooth 1；The stator slot yoke portion of top disconnects in the place groove of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7, if
Additional air gap 12, the width everywhere of additional air gap 12 is equal.
Meanwhile, the motor that the present invention is provided, according to the difference of its application field, those skilled in the art are directed to concrete application
The difference of environment and object, to the electric machine structure of the present invention without creative change, be readily apparent that, should also be subordinate to
Belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Although above-mentioned the embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to accompanying drawing, not to present invention protection model
The limitation enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art are not
Need to pay various modifications or deform still within protection scope of the present invention that creative work can make.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator, including stator, mover, additional air gap
With main air gap, mover is arranged at the inside of stator, wherein：
It is evenly arranged with the stator in even number stator tooth, two neighboring stator tooth and is provided with stator slot, is leaned on positioned at stator slot
Permanent magnet is provided between the stator slot yoke and stator back yoke of nearly lateral direction, the permanent magnet is not rotated with mover, same fixed
The magnetizing direction of permanent magnet on pilot trench yoke is identical, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet in two neighboring stator slot yoke portion is opposite；
It is characterized in that：The stator slot includes armature slot and excitation groove, the armature slot and the arrangement of excitation groove alternate intervals, two
It is surrounded with a set of armature winding, the armature winding indirect current, the excitation groove and is encouraged provided with a set of in adjacent armature slot
Magnetic winding, the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection leads to the constant DC current in direction；
Main air gap is provided between stator tooth and the mover tooth, the stator slot yoke portion of trench bottom disconnects where the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection,
Provided with additional air gap, the magnetic flux part that adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets are produced enters mover formation main flux by main air gap, another
Part enters mover without main air gap and closes to form leakage magnetic flux by the additional air gap, by adjusting electric current in Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
Big minor adjustment leakage magnetic flux size, and then adjust the size of the main flux entered in mover by main air gap, realize regulation
Excitation；
The magnetic flux that the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is produced is by additional air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and mover tooth formation closed-loop path, excitation
The magnetic flux that winding is produced is without permanent magnet, the magnetic flux formation parallel relationship produced with permanent magnet.
2. a kind of yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Levying is：The number of the stator tooth is the even number more than or equal to 2.
3. a kind of yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Levying is：The number of the mover tooth is more than or equal to the 1/2 of stator tooth number.
4. a kind of yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Levying is：The block number number of the permanent magnet is m times of mover tooth, and m is the natural number more than or equal to 1.
5. a kind of yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Levying is：The Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is penetrated from an excitation groove, is then passed laterally along on the outside of stator back yoke, forms a coil,
The Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection that Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is surrounded in stator slot yoke, permanent magnet and the winding of stator back yoke, each excitation groove is a set of coil, shape
Into all coils it is parallel with one another or series connection.
6. a kind of yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Levying is：Groove where the armature winding a from armature winding is penetrated, and is passed from adjacent armature slot, in two neighboring armature slot
Winding constitute an armature coil, each armature coil is across two stator tooths away from where two neighboring armature winding in groove
The size of current of winding is identical, in opposite direction.
7. a kind of yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Levying is：The width of the permanent magnet is determined by the magnetic energy product according to permanent magnet or residual flux density, according to the design gas of motor
Gap magnetic is close to determine the residual flux density of permanent magnet, then determines the magnetic energy product of permanent magnet by changing the pole embrace of permanent magnet.
8. a kind of yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Levying is：The additional air gap is width identical even air gap everywhere, by changing the width of additional air gap, obtains different increasings
Magnetic and weak magnetic characteristic.
9. a kind of yoke portion Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator as claimed in claim 1, it is special
Levying is：The additional air gap is the different non-homogeneous air gap of width everywhere, obtains different using not wide gap structure up and down
Increase magnetic and weak magnetic characteristic.
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| CN105610262B (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2018-01-16 | 山东理工大学 | Two-phase electric excitation biconvex electrode power sunroof motor |
| CN105656281B (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2017-12-01 | 山东理工大学 | Three-phase magnetic resistance cylindrical linear motor with Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection |
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| CN100424967C (en) * | 2006-08-23 | 2008-10-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | Radial magnet steel double salient-pole mixed excitation electric machine |
| CN101552497B (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2011-04-27 | 浙江大学 | A mixed excitation biconvex pole motor T |
| CN101820192B (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2011-09-07 | 常州工学院 | Mixed excitation permanent magnet flux switching motor |
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