CN205081660U - Duplex winding high power density mixed excitation permanent magnet linear generator - Google Patents
Duplex winding high power density mixed excitation permanent magnet linear generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN205081660U CN205081660U CN201520825927.9U CN201520825927U CN205081660U CN 205081660 U CN205081660 U CN 205081660U CN 201520825927 U CN201520825927 U CN 201520825927U CN 205081660 U CN205081660 U CN 205081660U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a duplex winding high power density mixed excitation permanent magnet linear generator, including the stator, evenly be provided with an even number stator tooth on the stator, be equipped with the stator slot in two adjacent stator tooths, be equipped with the permanent magnet between stator slot yoke and the stator yoke, be equipped with main air gap between the active cell tooth of stator tooth and active cell, the stator slot includes armature alot and excitation groove, and armature alot and excitation groove be the interval arrangement in turn, and it has one set of armature winding to surround in two adjacent armature alots, and two adjacent excitation inslots surround has one set of excitation winding, and excitation winding leads to the unchangeable direct current of orientation, be equipped with additional air gap in the yoke portion of the stator slot at excitation winding place, the main air gap of the partly process of magnetic flow that two piece adjacent permanent magnets produced gets into the active cell and forms the main flux, and another part forms the leakage magnetic flux through additional air gap closure. The utility model discloses an adjust interior sense of current of excitation winding and the big or small size that can adjust this leakage magnetic flux, play the effect that increases magnetism and demagnetization.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator.
Background technology
Inputted electric energy can be converted into straight line kinetic energy in required occasion by linear motor driver, realize rectilinear motion, save the machine driving conversion equipment in conventional motion-straight line conversion type of drive, substantially reduce the volume of transmission device, improve reliability and the efficiency of whole system, and effectively reduce cost and the maintenance cost of equipment, moreover, conventional motion-straight line conversion type of drive is also had to be beyond one's reach at a high speed, high accuracy and robustness.In addition, because transmission converting device significantly can increase the vibration & noise of drive system, control precision and the performance of system is reduced.Therefore, in modern industry production process, especially all particular application, as precision instrument, aero-space instrument, Medical Instruments etc., linear motor obtains to be applied more and more widely.
The kinetic transformation that rectilinear motion can directly produce by linear electric generator is electric energy, linear electric generator is adopted directly to drive generating, significantly can strengthen the mutual matching of machinery of moving component and Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), kinetic energy capture rate is high, especially at the linear motion system of low speed, linear electric generator is adopted more to have advantage.
At present, linear electric generator has following kind, and 1) linear induction generator, its feature is: end effect is obvious, and especially during high-speed cruising, end effect makes motor propulsive force obviously reduce; Efficiency and power factor are all lower, and usual efficiency is 50% ~ 60%, and power factor only has about 0.5, and control system and control strategy are very complicated; 2) permanent magnet linear generator, has the advantage such as high power density and high efficiency, has been applied to ocean wave energy at present and has directly driven electricity generation system.But the permanent magnet of existing permanent-magnetism linear motor is positioned on mover mostly, along with mover moves reciprocatingly, the magnetic property of permanent magnetic material is subject to temperature, the impact of the external environmental factor such as corrosion and vibration, therefore, for the occasion that running environment is comparatively severe, permanent magnet linear generator is also inapplicable; 3) straight line switch reluctance generator, motor body structure is simple, and low cost of manufacture, operational reliability is high, and have the advantage can run under various mal-condition, maintenance cost is low.In addition, its whole system efficiency higher than linear induction motor, and has broad economical operation scope, can realize a series of gratifying performance, but straight line switch reluctance generator power density is lower by various control strategy flexibly.
In recent years, along with the raising of permanent magnetic material resistance to elevated temperatures and the reduction of price, magneto obtains applying more widely in national defence, industrial and agricultural production and daily life etc., forward high-power, high performance and microminiaturized future development.The power of current magneto is from a few milliwatt to a few megawatt, the large-scale magneto that range of application is drawn from toy motor, commercial Application to naval vessel, be widely applied in national economy, daily life, war industry, aerospace various aspects, with motion permanent magnetic electric machinery seemingly, existing permanent-magnetism linear motor winding is generally 3 phases, stator slot number is many, winding inserting complex process, and manufacturing cost is high; Existing most of permanent-magnetism linear motor permanent magnet is positioned on mover, move with mover during operation, permanent magnet need adopt special procedure to fix, manufacturing cost is high, especially, when the motor speed of service is higher, the fixing difficulty of permanent magnet, because permanent magnet is positioned on mover, heat radiation difficulty during operation, temperature rise and the vibration caused due to reciprocating motion can cause permanent magnet mechanical structure to be damaged and irreversible demagnetization occurs; Existing permanent magnet linear generator is generally three-phase; require that the power inversion circuit of motor at least needs 6 device for power switching; as IGBT or MOSFET etc.; and the drive circuit of corresponding this device for power switching of driving and protective circuit; make power of motor inverter circuit cost quite high; even reach two to three times of motor body cost; quantity of power switches increases and adds control circuit complexity; the possibility of device failure increases, and the reliability of runtime system reduces.Existing permanent-magnetism linear motor is that permanent magnet is directly in the face of air gap mostly, permanent magnet faces danger of can not demagnetizing, and, the existing permanent-magnetism linear motor winding number of phases is many, iron core inside groove number is many, winding inserting complex process during manufacture, and iron core consumption is large, motor quality is large, and when electric power generation runs, stock utilization is low
Existing permanent-magnetism linear motor is fixed due to permanent magnet magnetic kinetic potential, and motor main flux is non-adjustable, causes output-constant operation narrow range, during generator operation, voltage is non-adjustable, does not have De-excitation at fault function, and motor winding is generally 3 phases, stator slot number is many, winding inserting complex process; Existing most of permanent magnet of permanent magnet motor is positioned on mover, move with mover during operation, permanent magnet need adopt special procedure to fix, manufacturing cost is high, especially, when motor speed is higher, permanent magnet is fixing more difficult, because permanent magnet is positioned on mover, heat radiation difficulty during operation, temperature rise and the vibration caused due to mover motion can cause permanent magnet mechanical structure to be damaged and irreversible demagnetization occurs; Existing permanent-magnetism linear motor is generally three-phase; require that the power inversion circuit of motor at least needs 6 device for power switching; as IGBT or MOSFET etc.; and the drive circuit of corresponding this device for power switching of driving and protective circuit; make power of motor inverter circuit cost quite high, even reach two to three times of motor body cost, quantity of power switches increases and adds control circuit complexity; the possibility of device failure increases, and the reliability of runtime system reduces.
For the nonadjustable shortcoming of existing permanent-magnetism linear motor excitation magnetic potential, relevant scholar proposes some composite excitation structural electromotors, this kind of composite excitation structural electromotor can be divided into two classes from excitation mode, one class is permanent magnet magnetic potential and excitation winding magnetic potential series-mode frame, this class formation needs through permanent magnet due to magnetic flux, and exciting current is large, and excitation loss is high, and the risk of irreversible demagnetization can be produced to permanent magnet, apply not extensive, another kind of is the structure of permanent magnet magnetic potential and the parallel connection of excitation winding magnetic potential, this class formation generally adopts stator permanent-magnet, permanent magnet is positioned on stator, by regulating excitation winding Current adjustment magnetic field, this kind of motor adjustable magnetic performance is good, but after increase excitation winding, motor winding tricks is more, make electric machine structure complicated, occur in a groove, having the situation of many cover windings or existing phase winding to have again the situation of excitation winding sometimes, groove domestic demand increases phase insulation, winding inserting complex process, groove utilance is low, and, need to increase excitation groove, electromechanics structure scatteredization is serious, the fixing difficulty of assembling, processing technology is complicated, motor cost is high.What is more important, after increasing excitation winding, need to increase the electric current that a device for power switching controls excitation winding at least again, which further adds the cost of power circuit, and the magnetic flux that excitation winding produces and main flux share main magnetic circuit and main air gap, excitation effect is subject to the restriction of other design parameters of motor, once motor is made, excitation effect can only being controlled by regulating exciting current, magnetic flux cannot be controlled by designing separately magnetic excitation circuit.
Therefore, seek a kind of winding number of phases few, iron core consumption is few, motor body manufacturing process is simple, permanent magnet is positioned on stator, easy for installation, and cost is low, power circuit switching device number is few, controller and power circuit cost low have the composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator of adjustable magnetic function most important.
Utility model content
The utility model is in order to solve the problem, propose a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator, the stator of this permanent magnet motor there are a set of stator armature winding and set of excitation winding, a set of winding is only laid in each groove of motor, a set of armature winding indirect current stream is only had during operation, another group excitation winding leads to direct current, phase insulation is not needed in groove, copper factor is high, and motor winding inserting operation is simple, whole cost is lower than existing all kinds of three-phase induction motor and magneto; Permanent magnet is fixed on stator, not with mover reciprocating motion, easy for installation, is conducive to heat radiation, eliminates the mechanical stress damage that common permanent-magnetism linear motor produces with mover reciprocating motion due to permanent magnet, the shortcomings such as permanent magnet heat radiation is bad.
To achieve these goals, the utility model adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator, comprises stator, mover, additional air gap and main air gap, wherein:
Described stator is evenly provided with even number stator tooth, is provided with stator slot in adjacent two stator tooths, between stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, is provided with permanent magnet, between the mover tooth of described stator tooth and mover, be provided with main air gap;
Described stator slot comprises armature slot and excitation groove, armature slot and the arrangement of excitation groove alternate intervals, a set of armature winding is surrounded with in two adjacent armature slots, set of excitation winding is surrounded with in two adjacent excitation grooves, and described armature winding indirect current stream, described excitation winding leads to the constant direct current in direction;
Be provided with additional air gap in the yoke portion of the stator slot at described excitation winding place, the magnetic flux part that adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets produce enters mover through main air gap and forms main flux, and another part is through additional air gap closed formation leakage flux.
Further, when motor runs, only need the size of current and the direction that control a set of armature winding, the magnetic field interaction that armature supply magnetic field and permanent magnet produce makes the magnetic flux on stator tooth mutually strengthen or offset, stator field is opened continuously in a certain direction or is turned off, and utilizes magnetic resistance change rate between stator and mover produce torque and generate electricity.Only lay a set of armature winding in stator slot, do not need phase insulation in stator slot, groove utilance is high, and winding inserting technique is simple, low cost of manufacture.
Permanent magnet with the setting that mover rotates, does not make easy for installation, is conducive to heat radiation, eliminates mechanical stress that common electric machine produces because permanent magnet rotates with mover and to damage and permanent magnet dispels the heat the shortcoming such as bad.
Further, every block permanent magnet is magnetized by a monoblock permanent magnet and forms or be spliced by the permanent magnet that polylith width is narrower, and the width of described permanent magnet can be identical, also can be different.
The number of described stator tooth be more than or equal to 4 even number.
The number of described mover tooth is more than or equal to 1/2 of stator tooth number.
The several number of block of described permanent magnet be the m of mover tooth doubly, m be more than or equal to 1 natural number.
The magnetic flux that described excitation winding produces forms closed-loop path through additional air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and mover tooth, the magnetic flux that excitation winding produces is without permanent magnet, the magnetic flux produced with permanent magnet forms parallel relationship, reduce the magnetic resistance in the corresponding loop of magnetic flux, same exciting current can produce larger magnetic flux, not only effectively improve weak magnetic efficiency, and avoid permanent magnet because magnetic flux causes permanent magnet magnetic reversal through permanent magnet the risk of degradation irreversible demagnetization under the magnetic property that produces, enhance the reliability of motor.
Described permanent magnet and stator back yoke iron core and the equal close contact of stator slot yoke core.
Described stator slot yoke is positioned near lateral direction bottom stator slot, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet on same stator slot yoke is identical, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet in adjacent two stator slot yoke portions is contrary.
Described additional air gap can be the even air gap that width is identical everywhere, also can be the non-homogeneous air gap that width is different everywhere, the width of additional air gap can be changed or adopt not wide gap structure up and down to obtain different increasing magnetic and weak magnetic characteristic, meeting the needs of different application occasion with this.
The size of described additional air gap determines the size of leakage field, and the size of additional air gap should be determined according to the number of turn of this leakage flux and excitation winding and electric current.
Described armature winding penetrates from an armature winding place groove, pass from adjacent armature slot, the winding in adjacent two armature slots forms an armature coil, and each armature coil is across two stator tooth distances, in adjacent two armature slots, the size of current of winding is identical, and direction is contrary.
Described excitation winding penetrates from an excitation winding place groove, pass from adjacent excitation groove, the winding in adjacent two excitation grooves forms a magnet exciting coil, and each magnet exciting coil is across two stator tooth distances, in adjacent two excitation winding place grooves, the size of current of winding is identical, and direction is contrary.
When motor runs, only need the size of current and the direction that control a set of armature winding, described excitation winding leads to the constant direct current in direction, armature supply magnetic field, the magnetic field interaction that exciting current magnetic field and permanent magnet produce makes the magnetic flux on stator tooth mutually strengthen or offset, stator field is opened continuously in a certain direction or is turned off, and utilizes magnetic resistance change rate between stator and mover produce torque and generate electricity.
The width of the permanent magnet of described motor can by determining according to the magnetic energy product of permanent magnet or residual flux density flexibly, can according to the residual flux density of the design air gap flux density determination permanent magnet of motor, pole embrace again by changing permanent magnet determines the magnetic energy product of permanent magnet, and existing magneto is subject to the restriction of number of poles due to pole embrace, usually only has and adopt high-performance permanent magnet could meet the close needs of design magnetic.
Described permanent magnet both can be that permanent magnetic material such as ferrite or the aluminium nickel cobalt of permanent magnetic material if neodymium iron boron also can be low magnetic energy product of high energy product is made.
Operation principle of the present utility model is:
Stator core and mover core mover adopt silicon steel plate stacking to form or the core material of high permeability is once made, when armature winding and the equal no power of excitation winding, a part for the magnetic flux that described permanent magnet produces is through stator slot yoke, stator tooth and main air gap flow into mover tooth, again through adjacent mover tooth flow out to main air gap arrive another extremely under permanent magnet, close through stator back yoke again, this results in the main flux of motor; Another part magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces without main air gap, and is through stator slot yoke through additional air gap, enter into another extremely under permanent magnet, closed by stator back yoke, this part magnetic flux does not enter main air gap and mover, and only close in stator interior, this part magnetic flux is leakage flux.Excitation groove is provided with near circle centre position below additional air gap, excitation winding is laid in excitation groove, during excitation winding galvanization, according to the difference of the sense of current, the magnetic field that excitation winding produces will strengthen or weaken main flux, excitation winding electric current is larger, to the enhancing of main flux or weakening effect stronger, due to excitation winding magnetic potential and the parallel connection of permanent magnet magnetic potential, the total magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces is certain, therefore, the size of this leakage flux can be regulated by regulating sense of current and size in excitation winding, and then regulate the size entering into the main flux of mover through main air gap, the effect regulating excitation is realized with this.When armature winding is energized, the magnetic field that armature winding electric current produces makes the stator tooth of armature slot both sides, armature winding place present different polarity respectively, the magnetic fields produced with permanent magnet superposes, make a stator tooth display polarity, main flux magnetic flux is had to pass through, another adjacent stator tooth does not have polarity, flow through without magnetic flux, because armature winding is arranged every a groove, therefore, the stator tooth of half is had to have polarity in motor, the stator tooth of half does not have polarity, according to magnetic resistance minimum principle, move to making mover and mover tooth is overlapped with the stator tooth with polarity, due to the half that the mover number of teeth is the stator number of teeth, now just in time there is each mover tooth all just right with stator tooth, this position is the aligned position of mover tooth and stator tooth, magnetic resistance corresponding to this position is minimum.Now, want mover and continue motion, sense of current in armature winding need be changed, make the stator tooth display polarity just now without polarity, and originally had the stator tooth of polarity not show polarity, at this moment, according to magnetic resistance minimum principle, the position that mover tooth is overlapped with the stator tooth with polarity is moved to by making mover, due to the half that the mover number of teeth is the stator number of teeth, now just in time each mover tooth is all just right with stator tooth, and this position is the aligned position of mover tooth and stator tooth, and inductance corresponding to this position is maximum and magnetic resistance is minimum.Now, mover continues motion, keeps sense of current in armature winding constant, mover will be subject to the power hindering it to move, and generator operation, continue to be energized in inductance last transition, power generation process will continue always, after stator and mover align once again, change the direction of armature supply, make the stator tooth display polarity just now without polarity, and originally had the stator tooth of polarity not show polarity, mover continues stressed and generates electricity, and this process will repeat always, and power generation process continues always.Because the main flux entering into mover tooth through main air gap can by above-mentioned exciting current adjustment, therefore, the utility model motor can need to realize increasing magnetic according to actual condition and run and weak magnetic field operation, widens the output voltage range of motor, reduce manufacturing cost, improve electric efficiency.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
(1) the utility model motor excitation winding leads to the constant direct current in direction, only need the size of current and the direction that control a set of armature winding, therefore only two device for power switching are needed, and common three phase electric machine needs at least 6 device for power switching, electric machine controller power demand switching device number is few, and cost is low;
(2) magnetic field that when the utility model motor runs, armature winding and excitation winding produce mutually strengthens on the stator teeth or offsets, when motor runs, armature winding and excitation winding complete period are energized simultaneously, therefore, the power density of the utility model motor is high, stock utilization is high, the motor of same design power, material usage saved by the utility model motor, reduces costs;
(3) the utility model motor permanent magnet is fixed on stator, not with mover motion, easy for installation, is conducive to heat radiation, eliminates the mechanical stress damage that common permanent magnet generator produces with mover motion due to permanent magnet, the shortcomings such as permanent magnet heat radiation is bad; Only lay a set of winding in each stator slot of the utility model motor, motor winding inserting technique is simple, does not need to place phase insulation in groove, is conducive to improving copper factor and groove utilance;
(4) except main air gap, the utility model motor is also provided with additional air gap, and additional air gap can not increase the size of motor, a part of magnetic flux that adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets produce enters mover through main air gap and forms main flux, another part enters mover without main air gap and closes formation leakage flux through this additional air gap, the total magnetic flux produced due to permanent magnet is certain, by the size regulating the size of electric current in excitation winding conveniently can regulate this leakage flux, and then regulate the size entering into the main flux of mover through main air gap, both increasing magnetic action can be played, weak magnetic action can be played again, effectively widen rotating speed output area and the power stage scope of motor, significantly improve the performance of motor,
(5) geomery of additional air gap can need according to different weak magnetic to change flexibly, can adopt wide air gap, air gap wide at the top and narrow at the bottom or up-narrow and down-wide air gap, reach different weak magnetic effects with this; The magnetic flux that excitation winding produces forms closed-loop path through additional air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and mover tooth, the magnetic flux that excitation winding produces is without permanent magnet, the magnetic flux produced with permanent magnet forms parallel relationship, reduce the magnetic resistance in the corresponding loop of magnetic flux, same exciting current can produce larger magnetic flux, not only effectively improve weak magnetic efficiency, and avoid permanent magnet because magnetic flux causes permanent magnet magnetic reversal through permanent magnet the risk of degradation irreversible demagnetization under the magnetic property that produces, enhance the reliability of motor;
(6) the utility model can eliminate torque dead-band by the Structure of mover changing the utility model motor, improves the starting performance of motor, such as can adopt asymmetric mover, turbine-like mover or stepped mover etc.;
(7) permanent magnet in the utility model motor can be the permanent magnet that one piece of entirety magnetizes, also can be spliced by polylith permanent magnet, therefore the utility model motor manufacturing technology is simple, cost is low, the permanent magnet cost solved due to wider width is higher, easily break time mechanically stressed, comparatively difficult during installation, the problem that the permanent magnet that mechanical strength is less not as good as polylith width is spliced;
(8) width of the permanent magnet of the utility model motor can be determined flexibly according to the design magnetic energy product of permanent magnet or design residual flux density, so the utility model motor both can adopt the permanent magnet of high energy product also can adopt the permanent magnet of low magnetic energy product, high energy product permanent magnet and low magnetic energy product permanent magnet mix and match can also be adopted, solve existing magneto and be subject to the restriction of number of poles due to pole embrace, usually only have the problem adopting high-performance permanent magnet could meet high performance motor needs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the power converter circuit figure of the utility model motor;
Fig. 2 is existing brushless direct current permanent magnetic and permagnetic synchronous motor power converter circuit figure;
Fig. 3 is the utility model motor embodiment 1 structural representation;
Fig. 4 is the utility model motor embodiment 2 structural representation;
Wherein, 1. stator tooth, 2. stator back yoke, 3. stator slot yoke, 4. armature slot, 5. excitation groove, 6. armature winding, 7. excitation winding, 8. permanent magnet, 9. mover tooth, 10. mover groove, 11. main air gaps, 12. additional air gaps.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail.
A kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator, it comprises stator, mover, main air gap and additional air gap, and stator comprises permanent magnet, stator yoke, stator tooth, stator slot and stator winding, mover comprises mover tooth and mover groove, described stator yoke comprises stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, stator slot yoke is positioned at bottom stator slot near lateral direction, permanent magnet is provided with between stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, permanent magnet does not move with mover, easy for installation, be conducive to heat radiation, eliminate common magneto to damage due to mechanical stress that permanent magnet produces with mover motion and permanent magnet dispels the heat the shortcoming such as bad, every block permanent magnet both can have been magnetized by a monoblock permanent magnet and form, also can be spliced by the permanent magnet that polylith width is narrower, the width of permanent magnet can be identical, also can be different, the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet on same stator slot yoke is identical, the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet in adjacent two stator slot yoke portions is contrary, stator slot comprises armature winding place groove (armature slot) and excitation winding place groove (excitation groove), described armature slot and the arrangement of excitation groove alternate intervals, a set of armature winding is laid in armature slot, set of excitation winding is laid in described excitation groove, when motor runs, only need the size of current and the direction that control a set of armature winding, described excitation winding leads to the constant direct current in direction, armature supply magnetic field, the magnetic field interaction that exciting current magnetic field and permanent magnet produce makes the magnetic flux on stator tooth mutually strengthen or offset, stator field is opened continuously in a certain direction or is turned off, magnetic resistance change rate between stator and mover is utilized to produce torque and generate electricity, main air gap is provided with between stator tooth and mover tooth, in the groove of excitation winding place, the stator slot yoke portion of top disconnects, if additional air gap, described additional air gap does not increase the size of motor, a part of magnetic flux that adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets produce enters mover through main air gap and forms main flux, another part enters mover without main air gap and closes formation leakage flux through this additional air gap, the total magnetic flux produced due to permanent magnet is certain, by the size regulating the size of electric current in excitation winding can regulate this leakage flux, and then regulate the size entering into the main flux of mover through main air gap, realize with this effect regulating excitation.
The number n of motor stator tooth
smeet: n
s=2*n, wherein n be more than or equal to 2 natural number.
The number n of electric mover tooth
rwith the number n of motor stator tooth
smeet: n
r>=n
s/ 2.
The block number n of permanent magnet
pmwith the number n of motor stator tooth
smeet: n
pm/ m=0.5*n
s, m be more than or equal to 1 natural number.
Only lay a set of armature winding or excitation winding in stator slot, do not need phase insulation in stator slot, groove utilance is high, and winding inserting technique is simple, low cost of manufacture.
The magnetic flux that excitation winding produces is through additional air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and mover tooth form closed-loop path, the magnetic flux that excitation winding produces is without permanent magnet, the magnetic flux produced with permanent magnet forms parallel relationship, reduce the magnetic resistance in the corresponding loop of magnetic flux, same exciting current can produce larger magnetic flux, not only effectively improve weak magnetic efficiency, and avoid permanent magnet because magnetic flux causes permanent magnet magnetic reversal through permanent magnet the risk of degradation irreversible demagnetization under the magnetic property that produces, enhance the reliability of motor.
Permanent magnet and stator back yoke iron core and the equal close contact of stator slot yoke core.
Additional air gap can be the even air gap that width is identical everywhere, also can be the non-homogeneous air gap that width is different everywhere, the width of additional air gap can be changed or adopt not wide gap structure up and down to obtain different increasing magnetic and weak magnetic characteristic, meeting the needs of different application occasion with this.
Armature winding penetrates from an armature winding place groove, pass from adjacent armature slot, the winding in adjacent two armature slots forms an armature coil, and each armature coil is across two stator tooth distances, in adjacent two armature slots, the size of current of winding is identical, and direction is contrary.
Excitation winding penetrates from an excitation winding place groove, pass from adjacent excitation groove, the winding in adjacent two excitation grooves forms a magnet exciting coil, and each magnet exciting coil is across two stator tooth distances, in adjacent two excitation winding place grooves, the size of current of winding is identical, and direction is contrary.
The width of the permanent magnet of motor can by determining according to the magnetic energy product of permanent magnet or residual flux density flexibly, can according to the residual flux density of the design air gap flux density determination permanent magnet of motor, pole embrace again by changing permanent magnet determines the magnetic energy product of permanent magnet, and existing magneto is subject to the restriction of number of poles due to pole embrace, usually only has and adopt high-performance permanent magnet could meet the close needs of design magnetic.
Described permanent magnet both can be that permanent magnetic material such as ferrite or the aluminium nickel cobalt of permanent magnetic material if neodymium iron boron also can be low magnetic energy product of high energy product is made.
As shown in Figure 1, stator only has a set of stator armature winding A and set of excitation winding F, and only lay a set of winding in each groove of motor, phase insulation is not needed in groove, motor winding inserting operation is simple, whole cost is lower than existing all kinds of three-phase induction motor and magneto, and owing to not needing phase insulation in groove, copper factor is high; The utility model motor permanent magnet is fixed on stator, not with mover motion, easy for installation, is conducive to heat radiation, eliminates the mechanical stress damage that common permanent magnet generator produces with mover motion due to permanent magnet, the shortcomings such as permanent magnet heat radiation is bad; The power density of the utility model motor is high, and stock utilization is high, the motor of same design power, and material usage saved by the utility model motor, reduces costs; The utility model motor only has a set of armature winding A indirect current stream when running, and excitation winding F passes to the constant direct current in direction, and therefore the control circuit of motor only needs two electric and electronic power switching devices, as IGBT or MOSFET.
As shown in Figure 2, existing all kinds of induction motor and permanent magnet motor stator all there are three-phase and above armature winding, need at least 6 electric and electronic power switching devices.Therefore, needed for the control system of the utility model motor, switching device is few, and cost is low, and structure is simple.In addition, because device for power switching number is few, reduce the possibility that device for power switching in circuit for controlling motor breaks down, reliability improves.
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 3, the motor stator number of teeth is 8, the mover number of teeth is 4, permanent magnet blocks number is 4, present embodiment comprises stator, mover, main air gap and additional air gap, stator comprises stator core, permanent magnet and stator slot, stator core comprises stator tooth 1, stator back yoke 2 and stator slot yoke 3, stator core is made up of high permeability ferromagnetic material, stator core is provided with stator slot, stator slot comprises armature slot 4 and excitation groove 5, armature slot 4 and the arrangement of excitation groove 5 alternate intervals, armature winding 6 is laid in armature slot 4, armature winding 6 penetrates from an armature slot 4, pass from another adjacent armature slot, form a coil, make the size of current in every adjacent two armature slots identical, direction is contrary, excitation winding 7 is laid in excitation groove 5, excitation winding 7 penetrates from an excitation groove 5, pass from another adjacent excitation groove, form a coil, make the size of current in every adjacent two excitation grooves identical, direction is contrary, lay permanent magnet 8 between stator slot yoke 3 and stator back yoke 2, permanent magnet 8 adopts the ferrite permanent magnet material of low magnetic energy product, and the magnetizing direction of adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets is contrary, mover comprises mover tooth 9 and mover groove 10, and mover tooth 9 is uniformly distributed, and is provided with main air gap 11 between mover tooth 9 and stator tooth 1, in the groove of excitation winding 7 place, the stator slot yoke 3 of top disconnects, if additional air gap 12, the width everywhere of additional air gap 12 is all equal.
Embodiment two:
As shown in Figure 4, the motor stator number of teeth is 8, the mover number of teeth is 4, permanent magnet blocks number is 8, present embodiment comprises stator, mover, main air gap and additional air gap, stator comprises stator core, permanent magnet and stator slot, stator core comprises stator tooth 1, stator back yoke 2 and stator slot yoke 3, stator core is made up of high permeability ferromagnetic material, stator core is provided with stator slot, stator slot comprises armature slot 4 and excitation groove 5, armature slot and the arrangement of excitation groove alternate intervals, armature winding 6 is laid in armature slot 4, armature winding 6 penetrates from an armature slot, pass from another adjacent armature slot, form a coil, make the size of current in every adjacent two armature slots identical, direction is contrary, excitation winding 7 is laid in excitation groove 5, excitation winding 7 penetrates from an excitation groove, pass from another adjacent excitation groove, form a coil, make the size of current in every adjacent two excitation grooves identical, direction is contrary, permanent magnet 8 is laid between stator slot yoke 3 and stator back yoke 2, each stator slot yoke 3 there are 2 pieces of permanent magnets, permanent magnet 8 adopts the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material of high energy product, the magnetizing direction of 2 pieces of permanent magnets on same stator slot yoke is identical, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet on adjacent different stator slot yokes is contrary, mover comprises mover tooth 9 and mover groove 10, main air gap 11 is provided with between mover tooth 9 and stator tooth 1, in the groove of excitation winding 7 place, the stator slot yoke portion of top disconnects, if additional air gap 12, the width everywhere of additional air gap 12 is all equal.
Simultaneously; the motor that the utility model provides; according to the difference of its application; those skilled in the art are for the difference of embody rule environment and object; not creative change is carried out to electric machine structure of the present utility model; easily expect, also should be under the jurisdiction of protection range of the present utility model.
By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiment of the present utility model is described although above-mentioned; but the restriction not to the utility model protection range; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of the technical solution of the utility model, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still within protection range of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1. a double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator, is characterized in that: comprise stator, mover, additional air gap and main air gap, wherein:
Described stator is evenly provided with even number stator tooth, is provided with stator slot in adjacent two stator tooths, between stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, is provided with permanent magnet, between the mover tooth of described stator tooth and mover, be provided with main air gap;
Described stator slot comprises armature slot and excitation groove, armature slot and the arrangement of excitation groove alternate intervals, a set of armature winding is surrounded with in two adjacent armature slots, set of excitation winding is surrounded with in two adjacent excitation grooves, and described armature winding indirect current stream, described excitation winding leads to the constant direct current in direction;
Be provided with additional air gap in the yoke portion of the stator slot at described excitation winding place, the magnetic flux part that adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets produce enters mover through main air gap and forms main flux, and another part is through additional air gap closed formation leakage flux.
2. a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described permanent magnet does not rotate with mover, and every block permanent magnet is magnetized by a monoblock permanent magnet and forms or be spliced by polylith permanent magnet.
3. a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the number of described stator tooth be more than or equal to 4 even number.
4. a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the number of described mover tooth is more than or equal to 1/2 of stator tooth number.
5. a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the several number of block of described permanent magnet be the m of mover tooth doubly, m be more than or equal to 1 natural number.
6. a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the magnetic flux that described excitation winding produces forms closed-loop path through additional air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and mover tooth, the magnetic flux that excitation winding produces is without permanent magnet, and the magnetic flux produced with permanent magnet forms parallel relationship.
7. a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described armature winding penetrates from an armature winding place groove, pass from adjacent armature slot, winding in adjacent two armature slots forms an armature coil, each armature coil is across two stator tooth distances, in adjacent two armature slots, the size of current of winding is identical, and direction is contrary.
8. a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet linear electric generator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described excitation winding penetrates from an excitation winding place groove, pass from adjacent excitation groove, winding in adjacent two excitation grooves forms a magnet exciting coil, each magnet exciting coil is across two stator tooth distances, in adjacent two excitation winding place grooves, the size of current of winding is identical, and direction is contrary.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520825927.9U CN205081660U (en) | 2015-10-22 | 2015-10-22 | Duplex winding high power density mixed excitation permanent magnet linear generator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201520825927.9U CN205081660U (en) | 2015-10-22 | 2015-10-22 | Duplex winding high power density mixed excitation permanent magnet linear generator |
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| CN205081660U true CN205081660U (en) | 2016-03-09 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105186733A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2015-12-23 | 山东大学 | Double-winding high-powder-density mixed excitation permanent-magnet linear generator |
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- 2015-10-22 CN CN201520825927.9U patent/CN205081660U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105186733A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2015-12-23 | 山东大学 | Double-winding high-powder-density mixed excitation permanent-magnet linear generator |
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Granted publication date: 20160309 Termination date: 20211022 |