CN105207384B - A kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor - Google Patents
A kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN105207384B CN105207384B CN201510697025.6A CN201510697025A CN105207384B CN 105207384 B CN105207384 B CN 105207384B CN 201510697025 A CN201510697025 A CN 201510697025A CN 105207384 B CN105207384 B CN 105207384B
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- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor, including stator and rotor, the stator includes the stator yoke being made up of stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, permanent magnet is provided between the stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, stator slot yoke is located at stator trench bottom near cylindrical circumferential direction, groove where the stator slot includes armature winding is groove i.e. excitation groove where armature slot and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, the circumferentially alternate intervals arrangement of the armature slot and excitation groove, a set of armature winding is laid in the armature slot, set of excitation winding is laid in the excitation groove；Motor material-saving consumption of the present invention, reduces cost.
Description
Technical field
It is electronic the present invention relates to a kind of permanent magnet motor, more particularly to a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet
Machine.
Background technology
In recent years, with the raising and the reduction of price of permanent-magnet material resistance to elevated temperatures, magneto is in national defence, industrial or agricultural
The aspect such as production and daily life is more widely applied, and positive high-power, high performance and miniaturization direction are developed.
From several milliwatts to several megawatts, range of application draws use to the power of current magneto from toy motor, commercial Application to naval vessel
Large-scale magneto, be widely applied in the various aspects of national economy, daily life, war industry, Aero-Space.
Main application is as follows：
(1) household appliance technical field：Including TV audio and video equipment, fan, air-conditioner, food processor, cosmetic tool, oil smoke
Machine etc..
(2) computer and its ancillary equipment field：Including computer (driver, fan etc.), printer, plotter, light
Drive, CD writer etc..
(3) field of industrial production：Including industrial drives device, material processing system, automation equipment, robot etc..
(4) automotive field：Including permanent magnet starting motor, wiper motor, door-lock motor, seat lifting motor, sunshading ceiling
Motor, cleaning pump motor, recorder motor, glass lifting motor, radiator cooling fan motor, air conditioner motor, antenna liter
Drop motor, Oil pump electrical machinery etc..
(5) public life field：Including clock and watch, beauty machinery, automatic vending machine, ATM, paper money counter etc..
(6) traffic and transport field：Including electric car, aircraft auxiliary equipment, naval vessel etc..
(7) space industry：Including rocket, satellite, spaceship, space shuttle etc..
(8) national defence：Including tank, guided missile, submarine, aircraft etc..
(9) medical field：Including dental drill, artificial heart, medicine equipment etc..
(10) power field：Including wind-power electricity generation, cogeneration, miniature hydro-power generation, small-sized internal combustion generating set hair
Motor, and high-rating generator pilot exciter etc..
Regular alternating current magneto is generally divided into following a few classes：Asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor, DC permanent-magnetic brushless
Motor, speed governing permasyn morot.
It is essentially identical on brshless DC motor and speed governing permanent magnetic synchronous motor structure, it is polyphase windings on stator, on rotor
There is permanent magnet, they differ primarily in that brshless DC motor realizes motor synchronizing according to rotor position information.Their advantage
It is：(1) brush-commutated device is eliminated, reliability is improved；(2) it is lost and is mainly produced by stator, radiating condition is good；(3) volume
It is small, lightweight.
Asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor is with the difference on speed governing permanent magnet synchronous motor structure：The former has on rotor
Winding or the integral core with priming are started, self-starting can be realized, can be incorporated into the power networks without control system.
In addition, also electric machine, electric machine needs supporting capacitor start and operation, and volume is stupid
Weight, high cost, and also the efficiency and power factor of overall operation are all relatively low.
The technical disadvantages that existing magneto is present are as follows：
1st, existing magneto is fixed due to permanent magnet magnetic kinetic potential, and motor main flux is non-adjustable, causes output-constant operation model
Enclose narrow, speed adjustable range is not wide in range enough, and machine winding is generally 3 phases, and stator slot number is more, winding inserting complex process.
2nd, existing most of permanent magnet of permanent magnet motor are located on rotor, are rotated with rotor during operation, and permanent magnet need to be adopted
Fixed with special procedure, be more expensive to manufacture, when especially motor speed is higher, permanent magnet fixes more difficult, due to permanent magnetism position
Difficult in being radiated on rotor, during operation, temperature rise and the vibration caused because rotor is rotated can cause permanent magnet mechanical structure to be damaged
Bad and generation irreversible demagnetization.
3rd, existing magneto is generally three-phase, it is desirable to which the power inversion circuit of motor at least needs 6 power switch devices
Part, such as IGBT or MOSFET, and the corresponding drive circuit and protection circuit that drive the device for power switching, make
Obtain power of motor inverter circuit cost at a relatively high, even up to two to three times of motor body cost, quantity of power switches
Increase and increased control complexity in circuits, the possibility of device failure increases, the reliability reduction of runtime system.
For the existing nonadjustable shortcoming of magneto excitation magnetic potential, related scholar proposes some composite excitation structures electricity
Machine, this kind of composite excitation structural electromotor can be divided into two classes from excitation mode：
One class is permanent magnet magnetic potential and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection magnetic potential series-mode frame, this class formation due to magnetic flux need through
Permanent magnet, exciting current is big, and excitation loss is high, and the risk of irreversible demagnetization can be produced to permanent magnet, using not extensive；
Another kind of is permanent magnet magnetic potential and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection magnetic potential structure in parallel, and this class formation typically uses stator permanent magnet
Formula, permanent magnet is located on stator, and magnetic field is adjusted by adjusting Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection electric current, and this kind of motor adjustable magnetic performance is good, but increase is encouraged
After magnetic winding, machine winding tricks is more so that electric machine structure is complicated, it sometimes appear that there is the situation of many set windings in a groove
Or existing phase winding has the situation of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection again, groove domestic demand increases phase insulation, winding inserting complex process, groove utilization rate
Low, in addition, it is desirable to increase excitation groove, electromechanics structure scatteredization is serious, and assembling is fixed difficult, and processing technology is complicated, motor
High cost.What is more important, it is necessary at least be further added by a device for power switching control Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection after increase Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
Electric current, which further adds the cost of power circuit, and, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection produce magnetic flux and main flux share main magnetic
Road and main air gap, by motor, other design parameters are limited excitation effect, once motor is made, and can only be by adjusting excitation electricity
Flow control excitation effect, it is impossible to which magnetic flux is controlled by individually designed magnetic excitation circuit.
Therefore, a kind of body construction is sought simple, low cost, adjustable magnetic flexible function but device for power switching number is few, control
The hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor of device processed and power circuit low cost is most important.
The content of the invention
To solve the deficiency that prior art is present, the invention discloses a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet
Motor, with following features：
1st, motor of the present invention is hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor, there was only a set of stator armature winding A and set of excitation on stator
A set of winding is only laid in winding F, and motor each groove, phase insulation, the letter of machine winding down line process are not needed in groove
Single, whole cost is less than existing all kinds of three-phase induction motors and magneto, due to being not required to phase insulation, copper factor in groove
It is high.
2nd, motor permanent magnet of the present invention is fixed on stator, is not rotated with rotor, easy for installation, is conducive to radiating, is eliminated
The mechanical stress that common electric machine is produced because permanent magnet rotates with rotor is damaged, and the permanent magnet bad grade that radiates lacks
Point；The power density of motor of the present invention is high, and stock utilization is high, the motor of same design power, motor material-saving of the present invention
Consumption, reduces cost.
3rd, there was only a set of armature winding A indirect current streams during motor operation of the present invention, and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection F to pass to direction constant
DC current, therefore the control circuit of motor only needs two electric and electronic power switching devices, such as IGBT or MOSFET, such as
Shown in Fig. 1, and there is the armature winding of three-phase and the above on existing all kinds of induction conductivities and permanent magnet motor stator, it is necessary to extremely
Few 6 electric and electronic power switching devices, as shown in Fig. 2 therefore, switching device needed for the control system of motor of the present invention is few,
Low cost, simple structure.Further, since device for power switching number is few, device for power switching in circuit for controlling motor is reduced
The possibility for breaking down, reliability is improved.
4th, excitation field can be adjusted during motor operation of the present invention, and electricity can be adjusted by the electric current for adjusting Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection F
Magnetic flux density in machine air gap, motor excitation winding of the present invention is placed in below additional air gap, and both are placed side by side, excitation around
The magnetic flux that group is produced is directly over additional air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and rotor tooth form into closed-loop path, magnetic flux without
Permanent magnet, parallel relationship is formed with the magnetic flux that permanent magnet is produced, and this not only effectively increases weak magnetic efficiency, and avoids permanent magnetism
The risk of the irreversible demagnetizations such as the magnetic property decline that body is produced due to magnetic reversal.
5th, the permanent magnet selection of motor of the present invention is flexible, can both select the permanent magnet of high energy product, it is also possible to select iron
The permanent magnet of the low magnetic energy product such as oxysome, because the residual flux density of permanent magnet can be determined by the design air gap flux density of motor, then
By the magnetic energy product for changing the pole embrace of permanent magnet to determine permanent magnet, and existing magneto is subject to pole due to pole embrace
Several limitations, generally only using high-performance permanent magnet could meet design magnetic it is close the need for.
6th, because the difference of additional air gap width can significantly change the magnetic resistance of motor magnetic circuit, the leakage field between influence permanent magnet
Lead to, and then influence the increasing magnetic and weak magnetic effect of motor, therefore, it can change the width of additional air gap or using not wide up and down
Gap structure, different motor characteristics can be obtained by the additional air gap width for changing motor, and different application is met with this
The need for conjunction.
To achieve the above object, concrete scheme of the invention is as follows：
A kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor, including stator and rotor, the stator include by
The stator yoke of stator slot yoke and stator back yoke composition, is provided with permanent magnet, stator slot yoke between the stator slot yoke and stator back yoke
Positioned at stator trench bottom near cylindrical circumferential direction, groove where the stator slot includes armature winding is armature slot and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection institute
It is excitation groove, the armature slot and the circumferentially alternate intervals arrangement of excitation groove in groove, a set of armature is laid in the armature slot
Winding, set of excitation winding is laid in the excitation groove；
The rotor includes rotor tooth, rotor slot is provided between adjacent rotor tooth, between the stator tooth and rotor tooth
It is provided with main air gap；The stator slot yoke portion of top radially disconnects in excitation groove where the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, is provided with additional air gap；
During motor operation, size of current and the direction of a set of armature winding are controlled, the logical direction of the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is constant
DC current, the magnetic field interaction that armature supply magnetic field, exciting current magnetic field and permanent magnet are produced causes the magnetic on stator tooth
Logical mutually enhancing is offset, and stator field is continuously opened or turned off in a certain direction, using magnetic resistance between stator and rotor
Change produces torque.
Further, a part of magnetic flux that adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets are produced enters rotor and forms main flux by main air gap,
Another part closes to form leakage magnetic flux into rotor without main air gap by the additional air gap, due to permanent magnet produce it is total
Magnetic flux is certain, the size of the leakage magnetic flux can be adjusted by the size for adjusting electric current in Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, and then adjust warp
The size of the main flux that main air gap is entered into rotor is crossed, realizes adjusting the effect of excitation with this.
Further, the number n of the motor stator toothsMeet：ns=2*n, wherein n are greater than the natural number equal to 2；
The number n of the rotor toothrWith the number n of motor stator toothsMeet：nr=ns/2；
The block number n of the permanent magnetpmWith the number n of motor stator toothsMeet：npm/ m=0.5*ns, m is more than or equal to 1
Natural number.
Further, the permanent magnet is parallel magnetization or radial magnetizing, and every piece of permanent magnet both can be by a monoblock forever
Magnet magnetizes and forms, it is also possible to be spliced by the permanent magnet of polylith narrower width, and the polar arc width of the permanent magnet can phase
Together, it is also possible to different, the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet on the same stator slot yoke is identical, in two neighboring stator slot yoke portion
Permanent magnet magnetizing direction it is opposite.
Further, the magnetic flux that the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is produced by additional air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and rotor tooth form into
Closed-loop path, the magnetic flux that Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is produced forms parallel relationship without permanent magnet with the magnetic flux that permanent magnet is produced；Reduce
The magnetic resistance in magnetic flux correspondence loop, same exciting current can produce larger magnetic flux, not only effectively increase weak magnetic effect
Rate, and avoid the magnetic property decline that permanent magnet is produced because magnetic flux causes permanent magnet magnetic reversal through permanent magnet
Deng the risk of irreversible demagnetization, the reliability of motor is enhanced.
Further, the additional air gap can be width identical even air gap everywhere, or width is not everywhere
Same non-homogeneous air gap；The width of additional air gap can be changed or different increasing magnetic are obtained using not wide gap structure up and down
With weak magnetic characteristic, the need for meeting different application occasion with this.
Further, groove where the armature winding a from armature winding is penetrated, and is passed from adjacent armature slot, adjacent
Winding in two armature slots constitutes an armature coil, and each armature coil is across two stator tooths away from two neighboring armature
The size of current of winding is identical in groove, in the opposite direction.
Further, groove where the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection a from Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is penetrated, and is passed from adjacent excitation groove, adjacent
Winding in two excitation grooves constitutes a magnet exciting coil, and each magnet exciting coil is across two stator tooths away from two neighboring excitation
The size of current of winding is identical in groove where winding, in the opposite direction.
Further, the polar arc width of the permanent magnet of the motor can be by the magnetic energy product or remanent magnetism according to permanent magnet
Density flexibly determines；The residual flux density of permanent magnet can be determined according to the design air gap flux density of motor, then by changing permanent magnet
Pole embrace determine the magnetic energy product of permanent magnet, and existing magneto is limited due to pole embrace by number of poles, generally
Only using high-performance permanent magnet could meet design magnetic it is close the need for.
Wherein, the residual flux density of permanent magnet and the width of permanent magnet are directly proportional, therefore use high energy product or remanent magnetism high
The permanent magnet of density can be substantially reduced the width of permanent magnet, reduce the consumption of permanent magnet.Actually magnetic energy product is that permanent magnet is remained
Magnetic density and coercitive product, but residual flux density is more paid close attention to for those skilled in the art, therefore high energy product is general
Just represent residual flux density high.
Further, the permanent magnet both can be that the permanent-magnet material (such as neodymium iron boron) of high energy product can also be low magnetic energy
Long-pending permanent-magnet material (such as ferrite or aluminium nickel cobalt) is made.
The rotor is symmetrical field spider, stepped rotor or turbine-like rotor.
A set of armature winding or Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection are only laid in the stator slot, phase insulation are not needed in stator slot,
Groove utilization rate is high, winding inserting process is simple, low cost of manufacture.
The permanent magnet is in close contact with stator back yoke iron core and stator slot yoke core.
With non-magnet materials such as infusion epoxy resins, the globality of electric machine structure can be improved in the additional air gap.
The stator tooth, stator yoke and rotor tooth are formed using silicon steel plate stacking or use high permeability core material
Once it is made.
The permanent magnet is rectangle, arc or tile shape.
Motor of the present invention is specifically such to work, and the stator core of motor of the present invention and rotor core use silicon steel sheet
Be overrided to form or the core material of high permeability be once made, when armature winding and the equal no power of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, it is described forever
, by stator slot yoke, stator tooth and main air gap are along motor radial inflow rotor tooth, then pass through for a part for the magnetic flux that magnet is produced
Adjacent rotor tooth flows out to the permanent magnet under main air gap reaches another extremely, then is closed by stator back yoke, this results in electricity
The main flux of machine；Another part magnetic flux that permanent magnet is produced passes through additional air gap without main air gap by stator slot yoke,
The permanent magnet entered under another adjacent stator slot yoke, then closed by stator back yoke, this part magnetic flux does not enter into master
Air gap and rotor, only in stator interior closure, this part magnetic flux is leakage magnetic flux.Air gap lower section is provided with excitation near circle centre position
Groove, lays Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection in excitation groove, during Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection galvanization, according to the difference of the sense of current, what Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection was produced
Magnetic field will strengthen or weaken main flux, and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection electric current is bigger, and the enhancing or weakening effect to main flux are stronger, due to encouraging
Magnetic winding magnetic potential and permanent magnet magnetic potential are in parallel, and the total magnetic flux that permanent magnet is produced is certain, therefore, by adjusting Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
Interior sense of current and size can adjust the size of the leakage magnetic flux, and then adjust the main magnetic entered into rotor by main air gap
Logical size, realizes adjusting the effect of excitation with this.When armature winding is powered, the magnetic field that armature winding electric current is produced causes electricity
The stator tooth of armature slot both sides is presented different polarity respectively where pivot winding, and the magnetic fields produced with permanent magnet are superimposed, and make
A stator tooth display polarity is obtained, there is main flux magnetic flux to pass through, another adjacent stator tooth does not have polarity, flowed through without magnetic flux,
Because armature winding is set every a groove, therefore, the stator tooth that having the stator tooth of half in motor has polarity, half does not have
Polarity, according to magnetic resistance minimum principle, will rotate to rotor makes rotor tooth be overlapped with the stator tooth with polarity, due to rotor tooth
Number is the half of the stator number of teeth, now just has each rotor tooth just right with stator tooth, and this position is rotor tooth and stator
The aligned position of tooth, the corresponding magnetic resistance in this position is minimum.Now, want rotor to continue to rotate, electricity in armature winding need to be changed
The direction of stream so that the stator tooth without polarity showed polarity just now, and the stator tooth of original polarized did not showed polarity, this
When, according to magnetic resistance minimum principle, rotor tooth will have the trend for rotating to and being alignd with present four polarized stator tooths, thus rotor
Stress is rotated, after rotor tooth overlaps again with stator, continues to change armature winding sense of current, this process will always
Repeat, rotor will persistently rotate.Because the main flux that rotor tooth is entered into by main air gap can be adjusted by above-mentioned exciting current
Section, therefore, motor of the present invention can need to realize increasing magnetic operation and weak magnetic field operation according to actual condition, widen the economic fortune of motor
Line range, reduces manufacturing cost, improves electric efficiency.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, the constant DC current in the logical direction of motor excitation winding of the present invention, it is only necessary to control the electric current of a set of armature winding
Size and Orientation, therefore two device for power switching are only needed to, and common three phase electric machine needs at least 6 device for power switching,
Device for power switching number is few needed for electric machine controller, low cost.
2nd, the magnetic field that armature winding and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection are produced during motor operation of the present invention on the stator teeth mutually enhancing or
Offset, armature winding and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection complete period are powered simultaneously during motor operation, therefore, the power density of motor of the present invention is high,
Stock utilization is high, the motor of same design power, motor material-saving consumption of the present invention, reduces cost.
3rd, motor permanent magnet of the present invention is fixed on stator, is not rotated with rotor, easy for installation, is conducive to radiating, is eliminated
The mechanical stress that common electric machine is produced because permanent magnet rotates with rotor is damaged, and the permanent magnet bad grade that radiates lacks
Point.
4th, a set of winding is only laid in each stator slot of motor of the present invention, machine winding inserting-coil process is simple, in groove not
Need to place phase insulation, be conducive to improving copper factor and groove utilization rate.
5th, in addition to main air gap, motor of the present invention is additionally provided with additional air gap, and additional air gap dexterously designs the radial direction in motor
Direction, additional air gap will not increase the outside dimension of motor；A part of magnetic flux that adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets are produced is by main air gap
Main flux is formed into rotor, another part closes to form leakage field into rotor without main air gap by the additional air gap
It is logical, because the total magnetic flux that permanent magnet is produced is certain, can conveniently be adjusted by the size for adjusting electric current in Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
The size of the leakage magnetic flux, and then the size of the main flux entered into rotor by main air gap is adjusted, can both play increasing magnetic and make
With, weak magnetic effect can be played again, the rotating speed output area and power output scope of motor are effectively widened, significantly improve motor
Performance.
6th, the geomery of additional air gap can need flexibly to change according to different weak magnetics, can use wide air gap, on
Narrow air gap or up-narrow and down-wide air gap under width, different weak magnetic effects are reached with this；The magnetic flux that Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is produced is by additional
Air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and rotor tooth form into closed-loop path, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection produce magnetic flux without permanent magnet, with permanent magnetism
The magnetic flux that body is produced forms parallel relationship, reduces the magnetic resistance in magnetic flux correspondence loop, and same exciting current can produce larger
Magnetic flux, not only effectively increase weak magnetic efficiency, and avoid permanent magnet because magnetic flux causes through permanent magnet
Permanent magnet magnetic reversal and the magnetic property that produces such as decline at the risk of irreversible demagnetization, enhance the reliability of motor.
7th, torque dead-band can be eliminated by changing the rotor structure of motor of the present invention, improves the starting performance of motor,
Asymmetric rotor, turbine-like rotor or stepped rotor etc. can such as be used.
8th, because the permanent magnet of polar arc wider width is relatively costly, easily ruptured when mechanically stressed, be more stranded during installation
Difficulty, mechanical strength is not as good as the situation that the polylith less permanent magnet of polar arc width is spliced, and the permanent magnet in motor of the present invention
Can be the permanent magnet that magnetizes of one piece of entirety, it is also possible to be spliced by polylith permanent magnet, therefore motor manufacturing technology of the present invention
Simply, low cost；Because the polar arc width of the permanent magnet of motor of the present invention according to the design magnetic energy product of permanent magnet or can set
Meter residual flux density flexibly determines, so motor of the present invention both can also use low magnetic energy product using the permanent magnet of high energy product
Permanent magnet, can also use high energy product permanent magnet and low magnetic energy product permanent magnet mix and match, can basis in actual design
The design air gap flux density of motor determines the residual flux density of permanent magnet, then required permanent magnetism is determined by the pole embrace of permanent magnet
The magnetic energy product of body, and existing magneto is limited due to pole embrace by number of poles, generally only uses high-performance permanent magnet
The need for high performance motor could being met.
9th, motor permanent magnet of the present invention not region be directly facing air gap, both can also can be parallel magnetization for radial magnetizing, fill
Influence of the magnetic mode to motor performance can be compensated by changing the polar arc width of permanent magnet, and for other durface mounted permanent magnets
Motor, magnetic flux reduces during using parallel magnetization, can significantly affect the performance of motor, and radial magnetizing realizes more difficult, processing
High cost.
Brief description of the drawings
The power converter circuit figure of Fig. 1 motors of the present invention；
The existing brushless direct current permanent magnetics of Fig. 2 and permagnetic synchronous motor power converter circuit figure；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of motor embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of motor embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of motor embodiment of the present invention 3；
Wherein, 1. stator tooth, 2. stator back yoke, 3. stator slot yoke, 4. armature slot, 5. excitation groove, 6. armature winding, 7. encourages
Magnetic winding, 8. permanent magnet, 9. rotor tooth, 10. rotor slot, 11. main air gaps, 12 additional air gaps.
Specific embodiment：
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Embodiment 1 as shown in figure 3, the present embodiment motor stator number of teeth be 8, the rotor number of teeth be 4, permanent magnet block number be 4,
Present embodiment includes stator, rotor, main air gap and additional air gap, and stator includes stator core, permanent magnet and stator slot, stator
Iron core includes stator tooth 1, stator back yoke 2 and stator slot yoke 3, and stator core is made up of high permeability ferromagnetic material, stator core
Stator slot is provided with, stator slot includes armature slot 4 and excitation groove 5, and armature slot 4 and the alternate intervals of excitation groove 5 are arranged, armature slot 4
Armature winding 6 is inside laid, armature winding 6 is penetrated from an armature slot 4, is passed from another adjacent armature slot, form one
Individual coil so that the size of current in per two neighboring armature slot is identical, in the opposite direction, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is laid in excitation groove 5
7, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7 is penetrated from an excitation groove 5, is passed from another adjacent excitation groove, forms a coil so that per adjacent
Size of current in two excitation grooves is identical, in the opposite direction；Arc-shaped permanent magnet is laid between stator slot yoke 3 and stator back yoke 2
8, permanent magnet 8 uses the ferrite permanent magnet material of low magnetic energy product, permanent magnet 8 to take parallel magnetization, adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets
Magnetizing direction is opposite；Rotor includes rotor tooth 9 and rotor slot 10, and rotor tooth 9 is circumferentially symmetrical, rotor tooth 9 and stator tooth 1
Between be provided with main air gap 11；The stator slot yoke 3 of top disconnects in the place groove of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7, if additional air gap 12, additional air gap 12
Motor radial direction is arranged on, the width everywhere of additional air gap 12 is equal.
As shown in figure 4, the present embodiment motor stator number of teeth is 8, the rotor number of teeth is 4 to embodiment 2, and permanent magnet block number is
16, present embodiment includes stator, rotor, main air gap and additional air gap, and stator includes stator core, permanent magnet and stator slot,
Stator core includes stator tooth 1, stator back yoke 2 and stator slot yoke 3, and stator core is made up of high permeability ferromagnetic material, stator
Iron core is provided with stator slot, and stator slot includes armature slot 4 and excitation groove 5, and armature slot and excitation groove alternate intervals are arranged, armature slot
Armature winding 6 is laid in 4, armature winding 6 is penetrated from an armature slot 4, is passed from another adjacent armature slot, form one
Individual coil so that the size of current in per two neighboring armature slot is identical, in the opposite direction, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is laid in excitation groove 5
7, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7 is penetrated from an excitation groove 5, is passed from another adjacent excitation groove, forms a coil so that per adjacent
Size of current in two excitation grooves is identical, in the opposite direction；Arc-shaped permanent magnet is laid between stator slot yoke 3 and stator back yoke 2
8, there are 4 pieces of permanent magnets on each stator slot yoke 3, permanent magnet 8 uses the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material of high energy product, permanent magnet 8 to adopt
Radial magnetizing is taken, the magnetizing direction of 4 pieces of permanent magnets on same stator slot yoke is identical, the permanent magnetism on adjacent different stator slot yokes
The magnetizing direction of body is opposite；Rotor includes rotor tooth 9 and rotor slot 10, and rotor is turbine shape, when rotor tooth 9 and stator tooth 1 pair
Qi Shi, the rotor tooth is different from the magnetic resistance of two neighboring stator tooth, is conducive to eliminating torque dead-band, improves motor starting performance；
Main air gap 11 is provided between rotor tooth 9 and stator tooth 1；The stator slot yoke portion of top disconnects in the place groove of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7, if additional
Air gap 12, additional air gap 12 is arranged on motor radial direction, and additional air gap 12 is near the narrower width of armature slot part, and it is fixed to be close to
The wider width of sub- back yoke part.
As shown in figure 5, the present embodiment motor stator number of teeth is 8, the rotor number of teeth is 4 to embodiment 3, and permanent magnet block number is
12, present embodiment includes stator, rotor, main air gap and additional air gap, and stator includes stator core, permanent magnet and stator slot,
Stator core includes stator tooth 1, stator back yoke 2 and stator slot yoke 3, and stator core is made up of high permeability ferromagnetic material, stator
Iron core is provided with stator slot, and stator slot includes armature slot 4 and excitation groove 5, and armature slot 4 and the alternate intervals of excitation groove 5 are arranged, armature
Armature winding 6 is laid in groove, armature winding 6 is penetrated from an armature slot 4, is passed from another adjacent armature slot, formed
One coil so that identical per the size of current in two neighboring armature slot, in the opposite direction, laid in excitation groove 5 excitation around
Group 7, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7 is penetrated from an excitation groove, is passed from another adjacent excitation groove, forms a coil so that per phase
Size of current in adjacent two excitation grooves is identical, in the opposite direction；Arcuate permanent magnetic is laid between stator slot yoke 3 and stator back yoke 2
Body 8, there is 3 pieces of permanent magnets on each stator slot yoke, permanent magnet 8 uses the Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet material of low magnetic energy product, permanent magnet 8 to adopt
Parallel magnetization is taken, the magnetizing direction of 3 pieces of permanent magnets on same stator slot yoke is identical, the permanent magnetism on adjacent different stator slot yokes
The magnetizing direction of body is opposite；Rotor includes rotor tooth 9 and rotor slot 10, and rotor is stepped gap structure, when rotor tooth 9 with it is fixed
When sub- tooth 1 aligns, the rotor tooth is different from the magnetic resistance of two neighboring stator tooth, is conducive to eliminating torque dead-band, improves motor and rises
Dynamic performance；Main air gap 11 is provided between rotor tooth 9 and stator tooth 1；The stator slot yoke of top disconnects in the place groove of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 7,
If additional air gap 12, additional air gap 12 is arranged on motor radial direction, and additional air gap 12 is close to the wider width of armature slot part,
Near the narrower width of stator back yoke part.
Although above-mentioned be described with reference to accompanying drawing to specific embodiment of the invention, not to present invention protection model
The limitation enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art are not
Need the various modifications made by paying creative work or deformation still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor, it is characterized in that, including stator and rotor, the stator
Including the stator yoke being made up of stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, permanent magnet is provided between the stator slot yoke and stator back yoke, it is fixed
Pilot trench yoke is located at stator trench bottom near cylindrical circumferential direction, and groove where the stator slot includes armature winding is armature slot and excitation
Groove where winding is excitation groove, the armature slot and the circumferentially alternate intervals arrangement of excitation groove, and one is laid in the armature slot
Set armature winding, set of excitation winding is laid in the excitation groove；
The rotor includes rotor tooth, and rotor slot is provided between adjacent rotor tooth, is provided between the stator tooth and rotor tooth
Main air gap；The stator slot yoke portion of top radially disconnects in excitation groove where the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, is provided with additional air gap；
During motor operation, size of current and the direction of a set of armature winding, the constant direct current in the logical direction of the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection are controlled
Electric current, the magnetic field interaction that armature supply magnetic field, exciting current magnetic field and permanent magnet are produced causes the magnetic flux phase on stator tooth
Mutually enhancing or counteracting, stator field is continuously opened or turned off in a certain direction, using magnetic resistance change rate between stator and rotor
Produce torque；
The number n of the motor stator toothsMeet：ns=2*n, wherein n are greater than the natural number equal to 2；
The number n of the rotor toothrWith the number n of motor stator toothsMeet：nr=ns/2；
The block number n of the permanent magnetpmWith the number n of motor stator toothsMeet：npm/ m=0.5*ns, m is oneself more than or equal to 1
So count；
A part of magnetic flux that adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets are produced enters rotor and forms main flux by main air gap, another part without
Main air gap closes to form leakage magnetic flux into rotor by the additional air gap, because the total magnetic flux that permanent magnet is produced is certain
, the size of the leakage magnetic flux can be adjusted by the size for adjusting electric current in Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, and then adjust by the entrance of main air gap
The size of the main flux in rotor, realizes adjusting the effect of excitation with this；
The magnetic flux that the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is produced is by additional air gap, stator tooth, main air gap and rotor tooth form into closed-loop path, excitation
The magnetic flux that winding is produced forms parallel relationship without permanent magnet with the magnetic flux that permanent magnet is produced.
2. a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is described forever
Magnet is parallel magnetization or radial magnetizing, and every piece of permanent magnet can both be magnetized by a monoblock permanent magnet and be formed, it is also possible to by many
The permanent magnet of block narrower width is spliced, and the polar arc width of the permanent magnet can be with identical, it is also possible to different, described same
The magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet on stator slot yoke is identical, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet in two neighboring stator slot yoke portion is opposite.
3. a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is described attached
Aerating gap can be width identical even air gap everywhere, or the different non-homogeneous air gap of width everywhere.
4. a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the electricity
Groove where pivot winding a from armature winding is penetrated, and is passed from adjacent armature slot, the winding composition in two neighboring armature slot
One armature coil, each armature coil across two stator tooths away from, the size of current of winding is identical in two neighboring armature slot,
In the opposite direction.
5. a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is described to encourage
Groove where magnetic winding a from Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is penetrated, and is passed from adjacent excitation groove, the winding composition in two neighboring excitation groove
One magnet exciting coil, each magnet exciting coil is across two stator tooths away from the electric current of winding in groove where two neighboring Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection
Size is identical, in the opposite direction.
6. a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, motor
The polar arc width of permanent magnet can flexibly be determined by the magnetic energy product or residual flux density according to permanent magnet.
7. a kind of double winding high power density composite excitation permanent magnet motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is described forever
Magnet both can be made of high energy product permanent-magnet material can also be low magnetic energy product permanent-magnet material.
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| CN111262356B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-07-20 | 山东大学 | Low-cost high-power density single-phase high-speed hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor and method |
| CN112688444B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-11-26 | 杭州星成电气科技有限公司 | Single-phase reluctance motor with self-starting capability |
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| CN103199661B (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2015-04-29 | 东南大学 | Built-in permanent magnet memory motor of magnetic flux switching type |
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