CN105224727B - A kind of autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method - Google Patents
A kind of autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105224727B CN105224727B CN201510577964.7A CN201510577964A CN105224727B CN 105224727 B CN105224727 B CN 105224727B CN 201510577964 A CN201510577964 A CN 201510577964A CN 105224727 B CN105224727 B CN 105224727B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- formula
- aggregate
- self
- folk prescription
- coarse
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of concrete construction, and in particular to a kind of autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method.This method includes：Determine performance design object, determine preparation strength and water-cement ratio, the most close-graded for determining aggregate（Or sand coarse aggregate ratio）And the voidage of different stacking states, the dosage for determining the dosage of cementitious material and mixing water, determining aggregate, the actual interpolation amount that determines additive usage, determine mixing water.The present invention is directed to the blindness of prior art material selection in MIX PROPORTION DESIGN OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE, basic theories and different-grain diameter solid particulate materials according to particulate matter dense packing reach the component law of closest packing state, the match ratio of different materials is determined by the closest packing state surveyed, the corresponding material mix proportion of different closs packing states is established with self-compacting ability grade expected from mixture at the same time and is contacted, is constructed a set of based on the self-compacting high performance concrete mixture mixing proportion design method that performance is target.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of concrete construction, is related to a kind of autodensing concrete almixture mix-design side
Method.
Background technology
Self-compacting concrete be one kind under low water binder ratio have very high fluidity without isolate, not bleeding, ensure not
Profit can voluntarily be full of the novel high-performance concrete of die cavity and parcel reinforcing bar under the conditions of pouring without vibrating.Because using a large amount of works
Industry waste minerals fine mineral admixture, self-compacting concrete can substantially reduce the temperature rise of concrete, be corroded so as to improve resistance external environment
The ability of deterioration, and then improve the durability of concrete structure；Cement has been saved in the use of fine mineral admixture at the same time, reduces water
Carbon emission and energy consumption in mud production.Above-mentioned due to having the advantages that, self-compacting concrete is especially suitable for conventional concrete
The position that is difficult to pour or even can not pour, can avoid vibrating the mass defect such as cavity, honeycomb, pitted skin caused by deficiency, ensure
With raising construction quality, the demand of modernization mechanical execution is adapted to, construction noise has been greatly reduced, accelerates speed of application,
It is the breakthrough achievement that modern concrete technology obtains, comprehensive benefit is more notable.
Self-compacting concrete, will also be in durability, intensity, volume in addition to workability as modern high performance concrete
Stability, applicability and economy etc. performance are excellent, and these performances are required for rational raw material selection and match ratio
Design to ensure, really each raw material have its own feature in composition, are such as set in sand coarse aggregate ratio, slurry bone ratio, water-cement ratio match ratio
In terms of the selection for counting parameter, but conventional concrete mixing proportion design theory and method cannot be applied directly, and existing self-compaction
There is also certain deficiency, such as existing professional standard for concrete mix mixing proportion design method《JGJT283 self-compacting concretes
Application technology code》Though the mix-design carried out according to predetermined self-compacting ability grade, since design method shortage must
The theoretical foundation wanted, thus design parameter（Such as coarse aggregate dosage, mortar, sand coarse aggregate ratio etc.）Experience value can only be leaned on, although making
The composition parameter that mixture workability and maturing intensity and durability reach certain expected specific material has uniquely
Property, but since the material property difference of different regions does not ensure that empirical value is always consistent with actual value, and initial parameter
The improper of selection often brings cumulative errors, ultimately results in actual result and is difficult to meet to be expected.And more existing it is completely dependent on counting
Calculate and determine that the method for mixture match ratio equally exists the defects of parameter selection disconnects with real material performance, do not consider especially
The influence of aggregate and the fill characteristic of cementitious material solid particulate system to mixture and properties of hardened concrete, so that from
The performance of air-free concrete is difficult to reach design requirement, and the trial repeatedly in later stage and adjustment also make its advantage be difficult to be embodied.
Since number century, PROBLEM OF PARTICLE PACKING is constantly subjected to the concern of scientific circles, and accumulation theory also possesses it and widely should
With background, it is related to many ambits such as nuclear industry, aerospace, civil engineering, pharmacy industry, food industry, composite material.
Although accumulation is theoretical, research application for many years, up to the present, there is no a set of according to theory foundation in Concrete Industry
The practical approach for the definite self-compacting high performance concrete mixture match ratio got up, can not by the material of mixture form with
Self-compacting ability grade is established direct links, such as Chinese patent（103304206 A of application publication number CN）Disclose a kind of superelevation
Strength self-compacting concrete and preparation method thereof, it is mainly fine by cementitious material, high efficiency water reducing agent, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water and PVA
Dimension composition, the mass percent for forming the cement of cementitious material, slag and silica flour are：Cement 70%-80%, slag 10%-20%, silicon
Powder 5%-10%.Although the invention is mentioned the optimization for being to be carried out to ultrahigh-strength self-compacting concrete based on most dense packing theory and set
Meter, but application documents are not directed to using closest packing theory to determine the information in terms of any method of a variety of materials dosage,
It is actual use be still conventional concrete mixing proportion design method and pattern, and the performance of designed mixture can not be pre-
Know, it is necessary to adjusted by the experimental examination and trial in later stage.
In general, the prior art not only increases the work of trial adjustment in the blindness of material mix proportion design aspect
Amount, also brings the wasting of resources, thus, it is necessary to inquire into a kind of more practical self-compacting high performance concrete mixture and coordinate
Than the new method of design.
The content of the invention
Present invention is primarily intended in prior art basis, by material property with its form the discovery of inherent law and
A kind of foundation of parameter model, there is provided autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method.
Autodensing concrete almixture mix-design thinking of the present invention is as follows：
To the mixing aggregate being made of a variety of coarse-fine aggregates, according to the dense packing principle of particulate matter, Fuller- is utilized
Talbol gradings formula designs 5 groups of primary election gradings, and the mixing aggregate to meeting 5 groups of primary election gradings carries out bulk density and voidage
Experiment, determines the reality most close-graded of aggregate；
To only having the mixing aggregate of a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate composition, calculated using sand coarse aggregate ratio proposed by the invention
Formula assembles the mixing aggregate of 5 groups of difference sand coarse aggregate ratios, and 5 groups of mixing aggregates are carried out with bulk density and voidage experiment, determines mixed
Close actual sand coarse aggregate ratio when aggregate reaches closest packing；
Aggregate mixture to meeting closest packing requirement carries out loosely-packed and closest packing experiment, determines two kinds of accumulations
Corresponding voidage under state, and the cementitious material volume that gap can be filled is established with expected self-compacting ability grade and joined
System, i.e.,：
When the aggregate mixture for meeting closest packing requirement reaches loosely-packed state, the solid particle of different-grain diameter is firm
Form point contact well, granule formed it is larger can packing space, if these spaces are just used for filling cementitious material and water
The slurry of composition, " relaxation effect " that " the skeleton effect " and cementitious material slurry that coarse-fine aggregate is formed at this time are formed can just be put down
Weighing apparatus, makes mixture have primary self-compaction filling capacity；
When the aggregate mixture for meeting closest packing requirement reaches closestpacking state, what different-grain diameter particle was formed
Contact point is most, and what granule formed minimum can packing space, it is assumed that these spaces are only used for filling cementitious material, coarse-fine aggregate
Most stable of solid matrix material will be formed with cementitious material, can just skeleton be loosened by only adding mixing water, at this time mixing water
" lubrication " and " relaxation effect " it is dominant, make mixture that there is the self-compaction filling capacity of highest ranking；
It is assumed that also there are closs packing state between one between loosely-packed and closestpacking state, then between closs packing shape
The cementitious material and mix water consumption that state determines can make mixture have medium self-compaction filling capacity.
The technical solution used in the present invention is described in detail as follows below.
A kind of autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method, specifically includes following steps.
（1）Determine performance design object, it is specifically, true according to parameters such as the complexity of engineering, reinforcing bar minimum clear distances
Surely the self-compacting ability grade for the autodensing concrete almixture to be prepared, determines to be intended to make according to the requirement of engineering structure safe design
The strength grade of standby self-compacting concrete.
（2）Determine the preparation strength and water-cement ratio of self-compacting concrete, specifically, be first depending on existing professional standard
《JGJ 55-2011 design of common concrete proportioning codes》Middle relevant regulations calculate self-compacting concrete preparation strengthf Cu, 0；Then water-cement ratio is calculated by following formula 1 proposed by the present invention（mw/mb）；
Formula 1,；
In formula：m wFor water consumption in every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete, kg；m bFor glue in every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete
The quality of gel material, kg；f Cu, 0To calculate gained self-compacting concrete preparation strength according to existing professional standard；f bFor cement 28d
Survey compression strength, MPa；When cement 28d compression strengthf bWhen failing to be surveyed, strength of cement grade can be usedf Ce, gIt is corresponding
Value is multiplied by 1.1 replacements；
It should be noted that when mixing mineral admixture, consider that mineral admixture influences strength of cement, thenf bCalculated by following formula 2；
Formula 2,；
In formula,f Ce, gFor strength of cement grade, units MPa；
k iFor the activity influence coefficient of mineral admixture；Specifically, for SILICA FUME（i=1）, S95 or S105 grades of slags
Powder（i=2）, I grades or II grades of flyash（i=3）, agstone（i=4）Value 1.0, -0.1, -0.6, -0.9 can be distinguished；
β iFor the mass fraction of mineral admixture；Specifically, for SILICA FUME,β i≤0.1；For S95 or S105 grades of ore deposit
Ground-slag,β 2≤0.4；For I grades or II grades of flyash,β 3≤0.13；For agstone,β 4≤ 0.2, it should be noted that total
Mineral admixture account for the mass fraction of the total dosage of cementitious material and be not preferably less than 0.2；
nTo mix the number of species of mineral admixture.
（3）Determine the most close-graded of aggregate（Or sand coarse aggregate ratio）And the voidage of different stacking states,
In general, the closest packing state of aggregate is to the workability of mixture and the intensity of maturing in concrete
There is decisive influence with durability, and the closest packing state of aggregate depends on rational grading, i.e.,：Only coarse-fine aggregate
The quantity collocation of grain is reasonable, and different size of particle could form most close contact, and the transmission of stress at this time could be more equal
It is even, and structural strength and volume stability can reach best at the same time, coarse grained at this time " arch bridge effect " and fine grain " pine
Dynamic effect " easily reaches balance；
If the aggregate gap for reaching closest packing state is filled up completely cementitious material slurry, concrete mix will have
The self-compaction filling capacity of highest ranking, simultaneously as aggregate reaches the gap minimum formed during most compact state, it is necessary to fill
Cementitious material slurry amount it is also minimum, the cost of mixture is also minimum at this time；
Based on above-mentioned principle, when MIX PROPORTION DESIGN OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE, should determine the most close-graded of aggregate first（It is a variety of it is thick,
During fine aggregate）Or sand coarse aggregate ratio during closest packing（During a kind of thick, fine aggregate）, but since the selection of aggregate in Practical Project is by a variety of
The influence of factor, thus to avoid the error directly brought using empirical model, most close-graded or closest packing sand coarse aggregate ratio must be by
Actual measurement determines, is conducive to lock onto target as early as possible by empirical model certainly, reduces blindness and experiment work amount, accordingly it is determined that
It can be carried out when most close-graded or closest packing sand coarse aggregate ratio according to following steps and principle：
A. according to the complexity of member section shape and arrangement of reinforcement situation, the maximum particle diameter of coarse aggregate is determinedD；At the same time to thick
Fine aggregate（Rubble and sand）Sieved respectively, obtain the grading curve of coarse-fine aggregate；
B. such as aggregate sufficient material source in practical engineering application and available, you can by a variety of coarse-fine aggregate mix and match
When, according to following formula 3（Fuller-Talbol grading formula）Design the initial target grading of aggregate：
Formula 3,；
In formula：d iFor the particle diameter of certain primary granule, mm；P iFord iThe percent of pass of particle, %；DFor the largest particles particle diameter, mm；k
For grading index, value 0.40 ~ 0.60, it is however generally that, as k=0.45, graded aggregate can reach closest packing；
On the basis of above-mentioned formula 3, particle diameter in continuously graded aggregate mixture can be calculated by formula 4 isd iPrimary granule
Tail over percentage composition（The percentage composition i.e. in graded aggregate mixture）,
Formula 4,,（）；
In formula：d 2iFor the adjacent primary granule particle diameter more than i, mm；
On the basis of above-mentioned formula, k=0.40,0.45,0.5,0.55 and 0.60 can be taken to design 5 initial targets respectively
Grading curve, as follows 5（Equation group）The composition for the various aggregates for meeting certain target grading curve is solved,
Formula 5,；
In formula：M is the grade number of grading particle；nFor aggregate species number；xjMixed for jth kind aggregate in continuously graded aggregate
Close the percent content in material；P sjTo obtain jth kind aggregate in s by sieve test（s=i）Number sieve on tail over percentage；
According to above-mentioned equation group result of calculation, using the combination of different types of coarse-fine aggregate respectively by the match ratio group calculated
Close result composition and meet the aggregate mixture of 5 initial target grading curves, and carry out true reactor product density test, by 5
The contrast of group result of the test, determines that aggregate mixture reaches the actual grating of closest packing state；
C. as aggregate material source in Practical Project is limited（For example, when coarse aggregate and fine aggregate respectively only have a kind of）, determine most close
The sand coarse aggregate ratio of stacking states；For theory, the size of sand coarse aggregate ratio and the maximum particle diameter of coarse aggregate, the thickness of sand and coarse-fine aggregate are respective
Grading situation is related, and the sand coarse aggregate ratio of closest packing state specifically 6 is calculated as follows,
Formula 6,；
In formula：P faFor sand coarse aggregate ratio, i.e. the volume of sand accounts for the percentage of whole aggregate volume, %；M xFor grain fineness number modulus, take
Value is preferably between 2.5~3.1；D maxFor the nominal maximum particle diameter of coarse aggregate, preferably between 9.5~20mm；
Generally, sand coarse aggregate ratioP faPreferably control between 40 ~ 55%；
Centered on the initial sand coarse aggregate ratio that above-mentioned formula 6 is calculated, sand coarse aggregate ratio is adjusted with ± 5.0% interval up and down, forms 5 groups
Different aggregate mixtures carries out bulk density experiment, by the contrast to 5 groups of result of the tests, determines to reach closest packing state
Actual sand coarse aggregate ratio；
D. determine most dense-graded aggregate mixture accumulation voidage, according to step B, step C's as a result, to meet it is most close
The aggregate mixture for accumulating grading or the requirement of closest packing sand coarse aggregate ratio carries out loose bulk density and closest packing density test, together
When, other materials（Including various coarse-fine aggregates, cementitious material, water and additive）Density also to measure；
Loose bulk density and closest packing density test, are pressed respectively《JTG E42-2005 highway engineerings, which are gathered materials, tests rule
Journey》Specified in natural deposited dry density and tap density（Also dry-tamping real density can be used）Test method is tested；
Meet the loosely-packed voidage of the aggregate mixture of the requirement of closest packing grading or the requirement of closest packing sand coarse aggregate ratioVCA loosWith closest packing voidageVCA closAcquisition is calculated by equation 7 below and formula 8 respectively：
Formula 7,；
Formula 8,；
In formula：ρ loosFor the natural deposited dry density of coarse-fine aggregate mixture, kg/m3；ρ aFor the synthesis of coarse-fine aggregate mixture
Apparent density, kg/m3；ρ closFor the tapped bulk density of coarse-fine aggregate mixture（Or dry-tamping real density）, kg/m3。
（4）Determine cementitious material and the dosage of mixing water,
For theory, the optimal set that each component in granular materials system can be disclosed using dense packing theory matches somebody with somebody rule, because
And pass through above-mentioned steps（3）The accumulation voidage of middle mixing aggregate difference stacking states is that can determine that cementitious material and mixing water
Corresponding optimum dosage；For volume relationship, in the concrete mix of different-grain diameter particle composition, cementitious material slurry
（Cementitious material and water）Effect on the one hand be used for filler aggregate void among particles, on the other hand for wrap particles of aggregates from
And make mixture that there is certain mobility；
To make mixture have suitable workability and an anti-isolation ability, the cementitious material amount in concrete should be suitable, mistake
Few gel material content is difficult to meet workability, intensity and life requirement, and excessive cementitious material can then increase concrete
Dry contraction, it is unfavorable to durability, and the slump-loss of mixture can be increased, thus needed for gel material content
Carry out special designing；
For theory, under the conditions of identical grading of aggregates and water-cement ratio, the workability of mixture and maturing
Intensity depends on the content of cementitious material slurry, thus meets the cementitious material slurry of workability and cost-effectiveness requirement（Including glue
Gel material and mixing water）Folk prescription minimum volumeV P, minIt can be determined by equation below 9,
Formula 9,V P, min≥VCA loos；
Meet workability, intensity and economy equilibrium state, the folk prescription maximum volume of cementitious material in mixtureV B, maxCan
Determined by equation below 10,
Formula 10,V B, max≤VCA clos；
In above-mentioned steps（2）, step（3）Under conditions of being had determined for aggregate properties and water-cement ratio（Assuming that using outer
Add having also determined that for agent property, such as assume the water-reducing rate of high efficiency water reducing agent and to mix rate certain）, autodensing concrete almixture
Workability can be only dependent upon the dosage of cementitious material, for this reason, by above-mentioned formula 9, formula 10 to the optimum amount of cementitious material
The control of scope, the self-compacting ability grade that mixture to be reached can be established and contacted, i.e., with a variety of materials dosage：
The material mix proportion that loosely-packed state determines can reach expected self-compacting ability grade SF1；
The material mix proportion that closest packing state determines can reach self-compacting ability grade SF3；
It is assumed that also there are one between " the closs packing state " between the two, then between the material fit that determines of closs packing state
Than the requirement that can reach self-compacting ability grade SF2；
It is described in detail as follows：
Self-compacting ability meets《JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology codes》Defined slump flow test
Reach SF1 grades（550~655mm）It is required that cementitious material slurry folk prescription volume equation below 11 shown in,
Formula 11,V p,min=VCA loos；
The folk prescription gross mass of cementitious material is determined according to equation below 12：
Formula 12,；
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 13：
Formula 13,；
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 14：
Formula 14,；
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture is determined according to following formula 15：
Formula 15,；
In above-mentioned formula：ρ wFor the apparent density of mixing water, 1000kg/m can use3；P cFor the apparent density of cement, kg/
m3；ρ iFor the apparent density of i-th kind of mineral admixture, kg/m3；
Self-compacting ability meets《JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology codes》Defined slump flow test
Reach SF3 grades（760~850mm）It is required that cementitious material original bulk volume as shown in following formula 16,
Formula 16,；（It is to be understood that with it is above-mentioned meet performance register SF1 when
Computational methods are different, and formula 16 is calculated for transition, and relevant character prime is to be distinguished with folk prescription dosage below（With
Lower prime character implication is identical）, behind still need and be converted further into folk prescription volume and folk prescription quality, illustrate hereby）
The initial gross mass of cementitious material is determined according to equation below 17：
Formula 17,；
The original bulk volume of mixing water is determined according to following formula 18：
Formula 18,；
The folk prescription gross mass of cementitious material is determined according to following formula 19：
Formula 19,；
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 20：
Formula 20,；
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 21：
Formula 21,；
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture is determined according to following formula 22：
Formula 22,；
Self-compacting ability meets《JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology codes》Defined slump flow test
Reach SF2 grades（660~755mm）It is required that cementitious material folk prescription gross mass according to following formula 23 calculate obtain,
Formula 23,；
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to equation below 24：
Formula 24,；
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to equation below 25：
Formula 25,；
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture is determined according to equation below 26：
Formula 26,；
The dosage of cementitious material is preferably in 400~650kg/m3Between, cement consumption should meet corresponding specification or standard pair
The limit value of life requirement, preferably in 350~500kg/m3, 200kg/m is not to be exceeded in water consumption3。
（5）Determine the dosage of aggregate,
According to step（4）Result of calculation, determine aggregate according to the mixture different self-compacting ability grades to be reached
Phase application amount；
Slump flow test meets that the aggregate dosage of self-compacting ability grade SF1 calculates
A. to the aggregate mixture for meeting continuous grading requirement assembled by a variety of coarse-fine aggregates, the folk prescription gross mass of aggregatem a,SF1
27 calculate as follows：
Formula 27,；
Single particles are calculated by formula 28d iFolk prescription quality；
Formula 28,；
B. the calculating to the aggregate mixture folk prescription quality only assembled by a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate：
The folk prescription dosage of 29 definite fine aggregates as follows：
Formula 29,；
The folk prescription dosage of 30 definite coarse aggregates as follows：
Formula 30,；
In formula：m a,SF1For the quality of fine aggregate in every cubic metre of autodensing concrete almixture, kg；m ca,SF1For every cube
The quality of coarse aggregate, kg in rice autodensing concrete almixture；ρ faFor the apparent density of fine aggregate, kg/m3；ρ caFor coarse aggregate
Apparent density, kg/m3；
Slump flow test meets that the aggregate dosage of self-compacting ability grade SF3 calculates
A. to the aggregate mixture for meeting continuous grading requirement assembled by a variety of coarse-fine aggregates, the folk prescription gross mass of aggregatem a,SF331 calculate as follows：
Formula 31,；
Single particles are calculated by formula 32d iFolk prescription quality；
Formula 32,；
B. the calculating to the aggregate mixture folk prescription quality only assembled by a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate：
The folk prescription dosage of 33 definite fine aggregates as follows：
Formula 33,；
The folk prescription dosage of 34 definite coarse aggregates as follows：
Formula 34,；
Slump flow test meets that the aggregate dosage of self-compacting ability grade SF2 calculates
A. to the aggregate mixture for meeting continuous grading requirement assembled by a variety of coarse-fine aggregates, the folk prescription gross mass of aggregatem a,SF235 calculate as follows：
Formula 35,；
Single particles are calculated by formula 36d iFolk prescription quality；
Formula 36,；
B. the calculating to the aggregate mixture folk prescription quality only assembled by a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate：
The folk prescription dosage of 37 definite fine aggregates as follows：
Formula 37,；
The folk prescription dosage of 38 definite coarse aggregates as follows：
Formula 38, 。
（6）Determine additive usage,
As follows in 39 pairs of self-compacting concretes additive usage carry out calculate determine：
Formula 39,；
In formula：m adFor additive usage in every cube of self-compacting concrete, kg；
β adFor admixture dosage, represented with accounting for the mass percent of binder total amount, % should be according to self-compacting concrete
Mobility, fillibility, clearance through and the experiment of education resistance requirement of mixture determine the dosage of additive.
（7）Determine the actual interpolation amount of mixing water,
It should be noted that when used additive for kind of liquid when, it is necessary to by its water content deduct, thus from
The actual used water amount of air-free concretem wAccording to equation below 40 calculate and determine：
Formula 40,；
In formula：m wTo meet actually adding for every cube of self-compacting concrete mixing water of actual self-compaction performance requirements
Add quality, kg；αFor the solid content of liquid additive, %；m wtIt is as foregoingm wt,mid、m wt,mid、m wt,minIt is equivalent.
According to above-mentioned steps（2）~ step（7）It is coarse-fine aggregate in identified self-compacting concrete, gel rubber material, water, outer
Add the different amounts of the materials such as agent, according to the feeding sequence of the mixed liquor of coarse-fine aggregate, cementitious material, additive and water, pass through
After forced mixer is mixed thoroughly, gained is designed autodensing concrete almixture, can be used for Practical Project.
The present invention is directed to the blindness of prior art material selection in MIX PROPORTION DESIGN OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE, according to particle
The basic theories and different-grain diameter solid particulate materials of thing dense packing reach the component law of closest packing state, by what is surveyed
Closest packing state determines the match ratio of different materials, while by the corresponding material mix proportion of different closs packing states and mixture
Expected self-compacting ability grade establishes contact, constructs a set of based on the self-compacting high performance concrete that performance is target
Mixture mixing proportion design method.In general, the main advantages of the present invention be embodied in the following aspects：（1）The present invention's matches somebody with somebody
Composition and division in a proportion design method optimizes each component from most essential volume component law, the performance of a variety of materials is filled
Divide and utilize, and while ensureing that mixture and maturing have excellent properties, also make cost minimum；（2）The present invention
Mixing proportion design method disclose material composition intrinsic rule, there is broad applicability, be applicable not only to upper flow regime coagulation
Soil, is also applied for the relatively low no slump concrete of workability, such as the mix-design of grinding coagulation soil, is more suitable for raw material variance
Larger concrete, such as the mix-design of lightweight aggregate concrete mixture；（3）It is combined really using empirical model and measured value
Determine the method for mix-design parameter, not only facilitate quick lock in desired value, and the design accuracy of higher can be obtained, avoid
Experience and actual disengaging；（4）The present invention avoids raw material variation and brings not all the time using measured value as design parameter
Profit influences, and ensure that design accuracy；（5）Water-cement ratio computation model in the present invention with《JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concretes
Application technology code》With《JGJ 55-2011 design of common concrete proportioning codes》The water-cement ratio computation model phase of recommendation
Than being suitable for the influence of strength of cement grade, result of calculation is closer actual；（6）The mixture mix-design of the present invention
Method preferably completes optimization and the Properties Control to component in material selection process, and master-plan step and thinking are clear
It is clear, easy to operate reasonable, avoid the blindness in prior art operation, reduce because trial adjustment brings time, people repeatedly
Power, material and energy waste, thus there is more preferable operability and practicality.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described in detail with reference to embodiment.Before specific embodiment is introduced, to the present invention
In used partial material situation be briefly discussed below.
Cementitious material：Including 42.5 grades of Portland cements and II grade of flyash.
42.5 grades of Portland cements are certain Products, and specific chemical composition is as shown in the table.
Foundation《GB 175-2007 common portland cements》It is as follows to the part physical mechanical property measured result of cement
Shown in table.
Foundation《GB/T 1596-2005 are used for the flyash in cement and concrete》, II grade of flyash part physical
Energy index is as shown in the table.
Coarse aggregate：For limestone gravel, foundation《JGJ52-2006 regular concrete sands, stone quality and method of inspection mark
It is accurate》With《GB/T 14685-2011 cobbles for building, rubble》Prescriptive procedure carries out sieve test and part physical to coarse aggregate
Performance test, screening result are as shown in the table.
Physical property test result is as shown in the table.
Fine aggregate：For natural river sand, according to《JGJ52-2006 regular concrete sands, stone quality and method of inspection mark
It is accurate》With《GB/T 14684-2011 building sands》Fine aggregate is sieved defined method and performance test, screening result
It is as shown in the table.
Quantitative measurement result is as shown in the table.
Additive：For high performance water reducing agent of polyocarboxy acid（The PCA of Jiangsu Su Bote new materials Co., Ltd production（I）Carboxylic
Sour high-performance water reducing agent）, its basic performance parameter is as shown in the table.
Mixing water：For daily drinking water, water quality meets existing professional standard《JGJ 63-2006 concrete water standards》
To the technical requirements of concrete mixing water.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is by taking specific C50 autodensing concrete almixtures proportion design as an example, autodensing concrete almixture
Mixing proportion design method, specifically includes following steps.
（1）Determine performance design object
Specifically, the present embodiment is specially ordinary reinforced concrete structure engineering, and distance of reinforcing bar is 80~100mm, according to
The mixture of this 3 kinds of self-compacting ability grade of design（Mixture self-compacting ability with slump flow test represent to respectively reach SF1,
The match ratio of the self-compacting concrete of SF2 and SF3 three-levels）, the 28d compression strength prepared using identical material is 50MPa（Standard is stood
Cube test specimen）For standard, also require that self-compacting concrete strength grade reaches 50MPa；At the same time require mixture expansion time,
Clearance through, cohesiveness, water-retaining property, education resistance are good, and the durability of maturing is good, and have Optimum Economic
Property.
（2）Determine the preparation strength and water-cement ratio of self-compacting concrete
According to step（1）Design object, be first depending on existing professional standard《JGJ 55-2011 normal concretes coordinate
Compare design discipline》Middle relevant regulations calculate self-compacting concrete preparation strengthf Cu, 0：
f Cu, 0=50+1.645×6.0=59.87MPa；
For water-cement ratio（mw/mb）Calculated by following formula 1 and formula 2, during calculating, since cementitious material is 42.5
The Portland cement and II grade of flyash of level, consider life requirement, and the Replacement rate for generally taking flyash is 20%, then presses
Formula 2 estimates cementitious material intensity firstf bIt is as follows：
Formula 2,；
Then it is as follows water-cement ratio result to be calculated according to formula 1：
Formula 1,。
（3）Determine the most close-graded of aggregate（Or sand coarse aggregate ratio）And the voidage of different stacking states
Since the present embodiment only has a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate in aggregate selection, thus it can directly press formula 6
Calculate the sand coarse aggregate ratio of closest packing state：
Formula 6,。
Mixture gap rate is tested
With the optimal sand coarse aggregate ratio of the target of primary electionP sCentered on=47.8%, adjust sand coarse aggregate ratio up and down with ± 5.0% interval and form 5 groups
Different aggregate mixtures carries out bulk density experiment, the aggregate mixture bulk density and voidage result of the test of different sand coarse aggregate ratios
Shown in table specific as follows.
Calculate the aggregate mixture accumulation voidage for meeting closest packing requirement
To the experimental result in upper table（The aggregate mixture bulk density and voidage result of the test of different sand coarse aggregate ratios）Carry out
Regression analysis, the results showed that whenP sCoarse-fine aggregate mixture can reach most dense packing state when=49.1%, correspondingly according to public
Formula 7 and formula 8 can calculate the loosely-packed voidage of aggregate mixtureVCA loosWith closest packing voidageVCA closIt is as follows：
Formula 7,；
Formula 8, 。
（4）Determine cementitious material and the dosage of mixing water
According to step（3）Result of calculation understand：
Meet the cementitious material slurry of workability and cost-effectiveness requirement（Including cementitious material and mixing water）Folk prescription it is minimum
Volume
V P, min=VCA loos=35.0%（Formula 9）；
Meet workability, intensity and economy equilibrium state, the folk prescription maximum volume of cementitious material in mixture
V b,max=VCA clos=25.3%（Formula 10）.
Self-compacting ability meets《JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology codes》Defined slump flow test
Reach SF1 grades（550~655mm）It is required that cementitious material folk prescription slurry volume）Represent as follows by formula 11：
Formula 11,V p,min=VCA clos=0.35m3；
The folk prescription gross mass of cementitious material is determined according to formula 12：
Formula 12,
；
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 13：
Formula 13,；
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 14：
Formula 14,；
Mineral admixture is determined according to following formula 15（Flyash）Folk prescription quality：
Formula 15,。
Self-compacting ability meets《JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology codes》Defined slump flow test
Reach SF3 grades（760~850mm）It is required that cementitious material original bulk volume as shown in following formula 16：
Formula 16,V b’=V b,max=VCA clos=0.253m3；
The initial gross mass of cementitious material is determined according to equation below 17：
Formula 17,；
The original bulk volume of mixing water is determined according to following formula 18：
Formula 18,；
The folk prescription gross mass of cementitious material is determined according to following formula 19：
Formula 19,；
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 20：
Formula 20,；
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 21：
Formula 21,；
Mineral admixture is determined according to following formula 22（Flyash）Folk prescription quality：
Formula 22,。
Self-compacting ability meets《JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology codes》Defined slump flow test
Reach SF2 grades（660~755mm）It is required that cementitious material folk prescription gross mass as shown in following formula 23：
Formula 23,；
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to equation below 24：
Formula 24,；
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to equation below 25：
Formula 25,；
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture is determined according to equation below 26：
Formula 26,。
（5）Determine the dosage of aggregate
The aggregate mixture of the present embodiment only has a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate composition.
Slump flow test meets that the coarse-fine aggregate dosage of self-compacting ability grade SF1 calculates
The folk prescription dosage of 29 definite fine aggregates as follows：
Formula 29,；
The folk prescription dosage of 30 definite coarse aggregates as follows：
Formula 30,；
Slump flow test meets that the coarse-fine aggregate dosage of self-compacting ability grade SF3 calculates
The folk prescription dosage of 33 definite fine aggregates as follows：
Formula 33,；
The folk prescription dosage of 34 definite coarse aggregates as follows：
Formula 34,；
Slump flow test meets that the coarse-fine aggregate dosage of self-compacting ability grade SF2 calculates
The folk prescription dosage of 37 definite fine aggregates as follows：
Formula 37,；
The folk prescription dosage of 38 definite coarse aggregates as follows：
Formula 38,。
（6）Determine additive usage
Additive is mainly a kind of high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid used by the present embodiment, and the normal consistency according to cement is tried
Test, it is known that water-reducing agent water-reducing effect when the rate of mixing is 1.2% is preferable, according to formula 39（）To not
Water-reducing agent dosage with self-compacting ability requirement is calculated, specific as follows：
Meet the water-reducing agent dosage of SF1 requirements：
；
Meet the water-reducing agent dosage of SF3 requirements：
；
Meet the water-reducing agent dosage of SF2 requirements：
。
（7）Determine the actual interpolation amount of mixing water
It should be noted that when used additive for kind of liquid when, it is necessary to by its water content deduct, this implementation
The solid content of high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid employed in example is 20%, accordingly according to formula 40（
）Calculate the actual used water amount under different performance requirementm w, it is specific as follows：
Meet the actual used water amount of SF1 requirements：
；
Meet the actual used water amount of SF3 requirements：
；
Meet the actual used water amount of SF2 requirements：
。
（8）The design result of experimental verification match ratio
According to above-mentioned steps（2）~ step（7）Coarse-fine aggregate, gel rubber material, water in identified self-compacting concrete,
The specific dosage of the materials such as additive is as follows to the specific self-compacting concrete recipe list of different performance class requirement.
Performance and maturing compressive strength test, specific experiment are carried out to the self-compacting concrete of above-mentioned different formulations
As a result it is as shown in the table.
It can be seen that from above-mentioned testing result and mixed using the C50 self-compactions prepared by design method provided by the present invention
Solidifying soil, no matter the self-compacting ability of mixture or the intensity of maturing can preferably meet initial designs requirement.
Comparative example
The superiority of the MIX PROPORTION DESIGN OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE method provided to illustrate the invention, inventor is with existing
《JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology codes》Defined method, is prepared for C50 self-compacting concretes, briefly
It is described below.
According to existing《JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology codes》It is required that design procedure is as follows：
1st, coarse aggregate volume is determinedV caAnd qualitym ca
Due to lacking calculation basis, thus it is existing《JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology codes》Foundation
Existing design experiences have directly given the folk prescription amount ranges of coarse aggregate for different self-compacting ability grades, and for every
The coarse aggregate volumetric usage of one self-compacting ability gradeV caThe intermediate value of scope is only temporarily taken, shown in table specific as follows.
According to coarse aggregate absolute volumeV caAnd apparent densityρ ca, by formulam ca=V ca×ρ caDifferent self-compactions can be calculated
Coarse aggregate quality in every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete of performance ratem ca, specific result of calculation is as shown in the table.
, mortar volumeV mDetermine
Folk prescription to meeting different self-compaction grades（Every cube）The absolute volume dosage of mortar in concreteV mCan be by public affairs
FormulaV m=1-V caIt is calculated, specific result of calculation such as following table.
, in mortar sand volume fractionΦ faSelection
Foundation《JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology codes》Provide, the volume fraction of sand in mortarΦ fa
Desirable 0.42~0.45, for this reason, to the self-compacting ability grade of SF1, SF2 and SF3, it is correspondingΦ fa0.42,0.435 is taken respectively
With 0.45.
, sand dosage in every cubic metre of self-compacting concretem faDetermine
According to mortar volumeV mAnd in mortar sand volume fractionΦ faCalculate the volumetric usage of sandV fa=V m×Φ fa, then by
The volumetric usage of sandV faAnd apparent densityρ faBy formulam fa=V fa×ρ faTry to achieve the quality of sandm fa, concrete outcome is as shown in the table.
, cementitious material slurry volumeV pDetermine
By formulaV p=V m-V faThe cementitious material slurry volume for meeting different self-compaction grades is calculated, concrete outcome is as follows
Table.
, cementitious material apparent densityρ bDetermine
The mass fraction of cementitious material is accounted for according to mineral admixtureβ i, the apparent density of cementρ cWith the table of mineral admixture
See densityρ adIt is calculated as follows to obtain；
。
, determine self-compacting concrete preparation strengthf cu,0 And water-cement ratio（m w/m b）
According to existing professional standard《JGJ 55-2011 design of common concrete proportioning codes》Middle relevant regulations calculate
Self-compacting concrete preparation strength,f cu,0=50+1.645×6.0=59.87MPa；
Water-cement ratio（m w/m b）Take value same as Example 1, i.e., 0.3.
, in every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete cementitious material qualitym bDetermine
Slurry volume in self-compacting concreteV p, the apparent density of cementitious materialρ b, water-cement ratio（m w /m b ）Deng ginseng
Number calculates the quality of cementitious material in every cubic metre of self-compacting concretem b, concrete outcome is as shown in the table.
, total water consumption in every cubic metre of self-compacting concretem wtDetermine
According to gel material content in every cubic metre of self-compacting concretem bAnd water-cement ratio（m w/m b）Every cube is calculated from close
Total water consumption in real concretem wt, concrete outcome such as following table.
10th, in every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete cement qualitym cWith the quality of mineral admixturem βiDetermine
The quality of cementm cWith the quality of mineral admixturem βiCan be according to cementitious material in every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete
Qualitym bWith the mass fraction of cementitious material Minerals admixtureβ iIt is calculated, as a result such as following table.
, determine the dosage of additivem ad
According to the quality of cementitious material in every cubic metre of self-compacting concretem bRate is mixed with additiveβ adIt is determined, specifically
As a result such as following table.
, determine the actual interpolation amount of mixing waterm w
The actual interpolation amount of every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete mixing waterm wBy calculating gained total water consumptionm wtDeduct liquid
Water content in additive obtains（Use solid content same as Example 1 for 20% high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid）, specific meter
Calculate result such as following table.
, final match ratio
According to above-mentioned result of calculation, the final match ratio that 3 kinds of self-compacting ability grades design can be obtained, shown in table specific as follows
（Unit, kg）.
Self-compacting ability and compression strength experiment are carried out to the self-compacting concrete of above-mentioned formula, specific experiment result is as follows
Shown in table.
Above-mentioned experimental result and the specific performance of the self-compacting concrete prepared by the present invention are contrasted, Ke Yifa
Existing, the present invention is by optimizing the proportioning between material so that self-compacting concrete has in terms of the indexs such as compression strength, the slump
There is different degrees of improvement, and design procedure also makes moderate progress compared with the prior art, and General layout Plan is simplified, thus is had
There is more preferable application value.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is exemplified by determining proportioning of the strength grade for the autodensing concrete almixture of C60, raw material and reality
Apply that example 1 is essentially identical, unlike aggregate determined according to 5 continuous grading curves that Fuller-Talbol formula calculate, it is first
The aggregate mixture of 5 grading curves is first met through assembling by single particles that screening obtains, so it is close by accumulating
Degree experiment determines the grading of aggregates for meeting closest packing state, and mixture match ratio determines that step is as follows：
（1）Determine the preparation strength and water-cement ratio of self-compacting concrete
Calculate self-compacting concrete preparation strengthf Cu, 0：f Cu, 0=1.15×6.0=69.0MPa；
Flyash Replacement rate still takes 20%, cementitious material design strengthf bIt is as follows：
；
Calculate water-cement ratio（mw/mb）：
。
（2）Determine the most close-graded of aggregate and the voidage of different stacking states
Grading index k is respectively to take 0.40,0.45,0.50,0.55 and 0.60, is obtained by Fuller-Talbol grading formula
To 5 continuous gradings, such as following table.
Mixture gap rate is tested
The aggregate mixture bulk density and voidage result of the test such as following table of different gradation.
Calculate the aggregate mixture accumulation voidage for meeting closest packing requirement
Upper table result of the test shows that graded aggregate mixture can reach most dense packing state as k=0.55, correspondingly according to
It can determine that the loosely-packed voidage of aggregate mixture according to formula 7 and formula 8VCA loosWith closest packing voidageVCA closSuch as
Under：
Formula 7,VCA loos=31.5%；
Formula 8,VCA clos=23.4%。
（3）Determine cementitious material and the dosage of mixing water
Self-compacting ability meets SF1 grades（550~655mm）It is required that for example following formula 11 of cementitious material slurry folk prescription volume
It is shown：
Formula 11,V p,min=VCA clos=0.315m3；
The folk prescription gross mass of cementitious material is determined according to formula 12：
；
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 13：
Formula 13,
；
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 14：
Formula 14,；
The folk prescription quality of flyash is determined according to following formula 15：
Formula 15,；
Self-compacting ability meets SF3 grades（760~850mm）It is required that cementitious material original bulk volume calculated by formula 16：
Formula 16,；
The initial gross mass of cementitious material is determined according to formula 17：
Formula 17,；
The original bulk volume of mixing water is determined according to formula 18：
Formula 18,；
The folk prescription gross mass of cementitious material is determined according to following formula 19：
Formula 19,；
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to formula 20：
Formula 20,；
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 21：
Formula 21,；
Mineral admixture is determined according to following formula 22（Flyash）Folk prescription quality：
Formula 22,；
Self-compacting ability meets SF2 grades（660~755mm）It is required that cementitious material folk prescription gross mass determined by formula 23：
Formula 23,；
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to equation below 24：
Formula 24,；
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to equation below 25：
Formula 25,；
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture is determined according to equation below 26：
Formula 26, 。
（4）Determine the dosage of aggregate
Aggregate is single continuous grading mixture of the particles through assembling.
Slump flow test meets the aggregate folk prescription dosage of self-compacting ability grade SF1m a,SF1Determined by formula 27：
Formula 27,；
The folk prescription quality of each single particles is calculated by formula 28, see the table below.
Slump flow test meets that the aggregate dosage of self-compacting ability grade SF3 can be calculated by formula 31：
Formula 31,；
The folk prescription quality of each single particles is calculated by formula 32, see the table below.
Slump flow test meets that the aggregate dosage of self-compacting ability grade SF2 can be calculated by formula 33：
Formula 33,。
The folk prescription quality of each single particles of 34 calculating as follows, see the table below.
（5）Determine additive usage
Using high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid, water-reducing agent is 1.2% in the rate of mixing, according to formula 39（）
Calculate water-reducing agent dosage：
Meet the water-reducing agent dosage of SF1 requirements：
；
Meet the water-reducing agent dosage of SF3 requirements：
；
Meet the water-reducing agent dosage of SF2 requirements：
。
（6）Determine the actual interpolation amount of mixing water
According to formula 40（）Calculate the actual used water amount of different self-compacting ability requirementsm w：
Meet the actual used water amount of SF1 requirements：
；
Meet the actual used water amount of SF3 requirements：
；
Meet the actual used water amount of SF2 requirements：
。
（7）The design result of experimental verification match ratio
According to above-mentioned steps（1）~ step（6）The folk prescription match ratio of definite autodensing concrete almixture is listed as follows.
Self-compacting ability and the examination of maturing compression strength are carried out to the self-compacting concrete of above-mentioned design different ratio
Test, result of the test such as following table.
Above-mentioned result of the test shows, is prepared using autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method provided by the invention
Go out to meet that the C60 self-compacting concretes of workability and intensity requirement are easily achieved.
It should be noted that changing raw material and designing the target capabilities of mixture, different specific implementations may make up
Example, the invention is not limited in specific embodiments described above, such as change aggregate type, change water-cement ratio computation model,
Change cementitious material strength prediction model, change optical sand percentage prediction model, change bulk density and voidage experiment and
Specific method of test etc., is the common change of the present invention, is not described in detail one by one herein.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps：
（1）Determine performance design object, specifically include the self-compacting ability grade for the autodensing concrete almixture to be prepared, and
The strength grade for the self-compacting concrete to be prepared；
（2）The preparation strength and water-cement ratio of self-compacting concrete are determined, according to professional standard《55 normal concretes of JGJ coordinate
Compare design discipline》Calculate self-compacting concrete preparation strengthf cu,0；
Water-cement ratio is calculated by following formula 1；
Formula 1,；
In formula：m wFor water consumption in every cubic metre of autodensing concrete almixture, kg；m bMixed for every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete
The quality of cementitious material, kg in compound；f cu,0To calculate gained self-compacting concrete preparation strength according to existing professional standard；f b
Compression strength, MPa are surveyed for cement 28d；
（3）Determine the most close-graded of aggregate and the voidage of different stacking states, step and principle are as follows：
A. according to the complexity of member section shape and arrangement of reinforcement situation, the maximum particle diameter of coarse aggregate is determinedD；At the same time to thickness bone
Material is sieved respectively, obtains the grading curve of coarse-fine aggregate；
B. such as aggregate sufficient material source in Practical Project and available, you can during by a variety of coarse-fine aggregate mix and match, under
State the initial target grading that formula 3 designs aggregate：
Formula 3,, di≤D；
In formula：d iFor the particle diameter of certain primary granule, mm；P iFord iThe percent of pass of particle, %；DFor the largest particles particle diameter, mm；K is level
With index, value 0.40 ~ 0.60；
On the basis of above-mentioned formula 3, calculating particle diameter in continuously graded aggregate mixture by formula 4 isd iPrimary granule tails over hundred
Divide content, the i.e. percentage composition in graded aggregate mixture,
Formula 4,,；
In formula：d 2iFor the adjacent primary granule particle diameter more than i, mm；
On the basis of above-mentioned formula 3 and formula 4, several initial target grading curves are designed when different to k values, by following public affairs
Formula 5 solves the composition for the various aggregates for meeting certain target grading curve,
Formula 5,；
In formula：M is the grade number of grading particle；nFor aggregate species number；xjIt is jth kind aggregate in continuously graded aggregate mixture
Percent content；P sjTo obtain jth kind aggregate by sieve test percentage, wherein s=i are tailed on No. s sieve；
According to above-mentioned equation group result of calculation, knot is combined by the match ratio calculated using the combination of different types of coarse-fine aggregate respectively
Fruit forms the aggregate mixture for meeting initial target grading curve, and carries out true reactor product density test, passes through result of the test
Contrast, determines that aggregate mixture reaches the reality most close-graded of closest packing state；
C. as aggregate material source in Practical Project is limited, i.e., when only a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate, the aggregate it is most close
Grading refers to sand coarse aggregate ratio, as follows the sand coarse aggregate ratio of 6 definite closest packing states,
Formula 6,；
In formula：P faFor sand coarse aggregate ratio, i.e. the volume of sand accounts for the percentage of whole aggregate volume, %；M xFor grain fineness number modulus, value exists
Between 2.5~3.1；D maxFor the nominal maximum particle diameter of coarse aggregate, between 9.5~20mm；
Sand coarse aggregate ratioP faControl is between 40 ~ 55%；
Centered on the initial sand coarse aggregate ratio that above-mentioned formula 6 is calculated, adjust sand coarse aggregate ratio up and down, the different aggregate mixture of composition array into
Row bulk density is tested, and by the contrast of result of the test, determines the actual sand coarse aggregate ratio for reaching closest packing state；
D. the accumulation voidage of most dense-graded aggregate mixture is determined, according to step B, step C's as a result, to meeting closest packing
Grading or the aggregate mixture of closest packing sand coarse aggregate ratio requirement carry out loose bulk density and closest packing density test；
Loose bulk density and closest packing density test, are pressed respectively《JTG E42 highway engineerings are gathered materials testing regulations》Middle regulation
Natural deposited dry density and tap density test method tested；
Meet the loosely-packed voidage of the aggregate mixture of the requirement of closest packing grading or the requirement of closest packing sand coarse aggregate ratioVCA loosWith
Closest packing voidageVCA closAcquisition is calculated by equation 7 below and formula 8 respectively：
Formula 7,；
Formula 8,；
In formula：ρ loosFor the natural deposited dry density of coarse-fine aggregate mixture, kg/m3；ρ aSynthesis for coarse-fine aggregate mixture is apparent
Density, kg/m3；ρ closFor the tapped bulk density or dry-tamping real density of coarse-fine aggregate mixture, kg/m3；
（4）Determine cementitious material and the dosage of mixing water,
Meet the folk prescription minimum volume of the cementitious material slurry of workability and cost-effectiveness requirementV p,minIt can be determined by equation below 9,
Formula 9,V p,min≥VCA loos；
Take into account cementitious material folk prescription maximum volume in the mixture of workability, intensity and cost-effectiveness requirementV b,maxCan be by equation below
10 determine,
Formula 10,V b,max≤VCA clos；
The self-compacting ability grade that mixture to be reached is established with a variety of materials dosage and is contacted, i.e.,：
Self-compacting ability meets《JGJT283 self-compacting concrete application technology codes》Defined slump flow test reachesSF1Level
It is required that cementitious material slurry folk prescription volume equation below 11 shown in,
Formula 11,V p,min =VCA loos ；
The folk prescription gross mass of cementitious material is determined according to equation below 12：
Formula 12,
In formula,β iFor the mass fraction of mineral admixture；
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 13：
Formula 13,；
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 14：
Formula 14,；
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture is determined according to following formula 15：
Formula 15,；
In above-mentioned formula：ρ wFor the apparent density of mixing water, kg/m3；ρ cFor the apparent density of cement, kg/m3；ρ iFor i-th kind of ore deposit
The apparent density of polymer blends material, kg/m3；
Self-compacting ability meets《JGJT283 self-compacting concrete application technology codes》Defined slump flow test reachesSF3Level
It is required that cementitious material original bulk volume as shown in following formula 16,
Formula 16,；
The initial gross mass of cementitious material is determined according to equation below 17：
Formula 17,；
The original bulk volume of mixing water is determined according to following formula 18：
Formula 18,；
The folk prescription gross mass of cementitious material is determined according to following formula 19：
Formula 19,；
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 20：
Formula 20,；
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 21：
Formula 21,；
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture is determined according to following formula 22：
Formula 22,；
Self-compacting ability meets《JGJT283 self-compacting concrete application technology codes》Defined slump flow test reaches SF2 grades
It is required that cementitious material folk prescription gross mass calculated according to following formula 23,
Formula 23,；
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to equation below 24：
Formula 24,；
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to equation below 25：
Formula 25,；
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture is determined according to equation below 26：
Formula 26,；
The dosage of cementitious material is in 400~650kg/m3Between, cement consumption should meet that corresponding specification or standard will to durability
The limit value asked, in 350~500kg/m3, 200kg/m is not to be exceeded in water consumption3；
（5）Determine the dosage of aggregate,
According to step（4）Result of calculation, determine the corresponding of aggregate according to the mixture different self-compacting ability grades to be reached
Dosage；
（5.1）Slump flow test meets self-compacting ability gradeSF1Aggregate dosage calculate
A. to the aggregate mixture for meeting continuous grading requirement assembled by a variety of coarse-fine aggregates, the folk prescription gross mass of aggregatem a,SF1
27 calculate as follows：
Formula 27,；
The folk prescription quality of single particles di is calculated by formula 28；
Formula 28,；
B. the calculating to the aggregate mixture folk prescription quality only assembled by a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate：
The folk prescription dosage of 29 definite fine aggregates as follows：
Formula 29,；
The folk prescription dosage of 30 definite coarse aggregates as follows：
Formula 30,；
In formula：m a,SF1For the quality of fine aggregate in every cubic metre of autodensing concrete almixture, kg；m ca,SF1For every cubic metre certainly
The quality of coarse aggregate, kg in air-free concrete mixture；ρ faFor the apparent density of fine aggregate, kg/m3；ρ caFor the apparent of coarse aggregate
Density, kg/m3；
（5.2）Slump flow test meets self-compacting ability gradeSF3Aggregate dosage calculate
A. to the aggregate mixture for meeting continuous grading requirement assembled by a variety of coarse-fine aggregates, the folk prescription gross mass m of aggregatea,SF3
31 calculate as follows：
Formula 31,；
Single particles are calculated by formula 32d iFolk prescription quality；
Formula 32,；
B. the calculating to the aggregate mixture folk prescription quality only assembled by a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate：
The folk prescription dosage of 33 definite fine aggregates as follows：
Formula 33,；
The folk prescription dosage of 34 definite coarse aggregates as follows：
Formula 34,；
（5.3）Slump flow test meets that the aggregate dosage of self-compacting ability grade SF2 calculates
A. to by a variety of coarse-fine aggregates assemble meet continuous grading requirement aggregate mixture, the folk prescription gross mass ma of aggregate,
SF2 35 is calculated as follows：
Formula 35,；
Single particles are calculated by formula 36d iFolk prescription quality；
Formula 36,；
B. the calculating to the aggregate mixture folk prescription quality only assembled by a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate：
The folk prescription dosage of 37 definite fine aggregates as follows：
Formula 37,；
The folk prescription dosage of 38 definite coarse aggregates as follows：
Formula 38,；
（6）Determine additive usage,
As follows in 39 pairs of self-compacting concretes additive usage carry out calculate determine：
Formula 39,；
In formula：m adFor additive usage in every cube of self-compacting concrete, kg；
β adFor admixture dosage, represented with accounting for the mass percent of binder total amount, %；
（7）Determine the actual interpolation amount of mixing water,
When used additive for kind of liquid when, it is necessary to its water content be deducted, thus the reality of self-compacting concrete
Water consumptionm wAccording to equation below 40 calculate and determine：
Formula 40,；
In formula：m wTo meet the actual interpolation matter of every cube of self-compacting concrete mixing water of actual self-compaction performance requirements
Amount, kg；αFor the solid content of liquid additive, %；m wtTo be foregoingm wt,mid、m wt,maxOrm wt,minValue；
Above-mentioned steps are weighed respectively（2）~ step（7）It is coarse-fine aggregate in identified self-compacting concrete, gel rubber material, water, outer
Add the dosage of agent, according to the feeding sequence of coarse-fine aggregate, cementitious material, additive and water, after stirring evenly, you can for reality
Engineering.
2. autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Step（2）Middle cement 28d compression strengthf bWhen failing to be surveyed, strength of cement grade can be usedf ce,gRespective value is multiplied by
1.1 substitute；
When mixing mineral admixture, consider that mineral admixture influences strength of cement, thenf bBased on carrying out by following formula 2
Calculate；
Formula 2,；
In formula,f ce,gFor strength of cement grade, units MPa；k iFor the activity influence coefficient of mineral admixture；β iBlended for mineral
The mass fraction of material；nTo mix the number of species of mineral admixture.
3. utilize the C50 self-compaction coagulations designed by autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method described in claim 1
Soil, it is characterised in that meet that every cube of recipe list of specific self-compacting concrete of different performance class requirement is as follows：
Material unit Kg in table：
The cement is 42.5 grades of Portland cements, and the flyash is II grade of flyash；The coarse aggregate is limestone
Rubble；The fine aggregate is natural river sand；The additive is the polycarboxylate water-reducer that solid content is 20%, the rate of mixing is 1.2%.
4. utilize the C60 self-compaction coagulations designed by autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method described in claim 1
Soil, it is characterised in that meet that the specific self-compacting concrete recipe list of different performance class requirement is as follows：
The cement is 42.5 grades of Portland cements, and the flyash is II grade of flyash；The aggregate includes coarse aggregate
With thin bone, coarse aggregate is limestone gravel, and fine aggregate is natural river sand；The additive be solid content be 20%, the rate of mixing be 1.2%
Polycarboxylate water-reducer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510577964.7A CN105224727B (en) | 2015-09-11 | 2015-09-11 | A kind of autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510577964.7A CN105224727B (en) | 2015-09-11 | 2015-09-11 | A kind of autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105224727A CN105224727A (en) | 2016-01-06 |
| CN105224727B true CN105224727B (en) | 2018-05-15 |
Family
ID=54993693
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510577964.7A Active CN105224727B (en) | 2015-09-11 | 2015-09-11 | A kind of autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105224727B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107445533A (en) * | 2017-09-23 | 2017-12-08 | 四川省三台县波特兰商品砼有限公司 | A kind of matching method of mortar |
Families Citing this family (44)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105753391B (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2018-03-27 | 山东建泽混凝土有限公司 | Clear-water concrete mixing proportion design method and related clear-water concrete |
| CN105731932B (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2018-06-19 | 东南大学 | A kind of early strong strength self-compaction concrete and its mixing proportion design method |
| CN106007541A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-12 | 湖南大学 | Method for designing high-performance concrete based on various performance requirements |
| CN106294973B (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2019-08-06 | 长安大学 | A kind of mixing proportion design method of celluar concrete |
| CN106351101B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2019-01-15 | 山东省交通科学研究院 | A kind of Heavy Traffic pavement of road paving structure based on particulate formula high-performance bituminous concrete |
| CN106223152B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-07-10 | 山东省交通科学研究院 | A kind of particulate formula high-performance Recycled Asphalt Pavement for being easy to construction |
| CN106777535B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2020-07-28 | 深圳大学 | Alkali-activated recycled concrete mix proportion design method and system |
| CN107271257A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-10-20 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of ECC formula design methods based on Micromechanics and fracture mechanics test |
| CN107391790B (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2020-08-25 | 深圳大学 | Green self-compacting concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN107188496A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-22 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of mixing proportion design method with full recycled fine aggregate concrete batching |
| CN107632960B (en) * | 2017-09-23 | 2021-06-18 | 四川省三台县波特兰商品砼有限公司 | Proportioning method of void concrete |
| CN107500658B (en) * | 2017-09-23 | 2021-04-06 | 四川省三台县波特兰商品砼有限公司 | Proportioning method of dense concrete |
| CN108256245B (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2021-10-29 | 叶寿春 | Preparation method of high-performance concrete |
| CN108548914A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-18 | 云南建投绿色高性能混凝土股份有限公司 | Based on aggregate characteristics and the proportion of porous concrete mixture method for wrapping up in slurry thickness |
| CN108395177B (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2020-11-27 | 同济大学 | Mix proportion design and optimization method of machine-made sand self-compacting concrete |
| CN109684783B (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2023-02-24 | 重庆交通大学 | Self-compacting concrete mix proportion design method based on mortar rheological property |
| CN110143796A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-08-20 | 广西大学 | A kind of preparation method for mixing steel slag aggregate regenerative pervious concrete |
| CN110154231B (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2021-02-09 | 广东建科源胜工程检测有限公司 | Blending method for optimizing grading of mixed sand particles |
| CN110502723A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-26 | 北京建筑大学 | A kind of ready-mixed concrete mixing proportion design method |
| CN110414178B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2022-12-16 | 东北大学 | Aggregate interlocking concrete mix proportion design method based on gaps |
| CN110580402B (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2022-11-11 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Construction method of composite solid propellant filler stacking structure characteristic unit |
| CN110981333B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2021-06-22 | 南京理工大学 | Design method of LC 50-LC 80 light high-strength silicate ceramsite concrete mixing proportion |
| CN111056791A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-24 | 保利长大工程有限公司 | Steel shell immersed tube self-compacting concrete mix proportion design method and concrete |
| CN111625761A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-04 | 中国建筑土木建设有限公司 | Mixture gradation adjusting method |
| CN111831961B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2021-07-27 | 山东大学 | Cement dose estimation method and system for skeleton compact type cement stabilized macadam |
| CN112329326B (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-05-03 | 浙江大学 | Marine engineering recycled concrete proportioning design method based on modified CPM model and rust inhibitor |
| CN113240160B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2023-12-29 | 中土木（北京）技术检测有限公司 | Cost optimization model and cost optimization method for concrete mixing proportion |
| CN113336489B (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2022-06-03 | 西安科技大学 | Method for mixing proportion of machine-made sand self-compacting lightweight aggregate concrete |
| CN113744813B (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2023-11-24 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Design method of high-durability machine-made sand concrete mixing ratio |
| CN114216776B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2024-01-26 | 山东高速济青中线公路有限公司 | Single-particle-size cement stabilized macadam crack-resistant mixture and design method and application thereof |
| CN114315284B (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2023-06-27 | 山东省交通规划设计院集团有限公司 | Steam curing type ultra-high performance concrete for prefabricated bridge deck and rapid design optimization method for mixing ratio |
| CN114213074B (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2023-02-14 | 鞍钢矿山建设有限公司 | Method for calculating mixing proportion of common concrete |
| CN114538863B (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2023-01-03 | 湖南工程学院 | Prediction analysis method for distribution modulus of recycled concrete base material |
| CN114842919A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-08-02 | 成都建工赛利混凝土有限公司 | Full-gradation mixing proportion calculation method based on concrete raw material information |
| CN114944205B (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2024-03-29 | 中交三航(南通)海洋工程有限公司 | Concrete mixing proportion optimization method |
| CN115050432A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-09-13 | 广西中交建设发展有限公司 | Accurate design method for mixing proportion of ultrahigh-performance HUPC concrete |
| CN115114849B (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2023-04-18 | 深圳大学 | Intelligent design method and device for low-carbon self-compacting concrete |
| CN115028419B (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2023-03-28 | 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 | Design method for self-compacting concrete mix proportion |
| CN115477511B (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2024-03-08 | 中建西部建设西南有限公司 | Jacking concrete mixing proportion design method |
| CN116217143A (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-06-06 | 葛洲坝集团试验检测有限公司 | Dynamic adjustment-based cemented sand and gravel mix proportion design method |
| CN116283132A (en) * | 2023-02-22 | 2023-06-23 | 广西交通职业技术学院 | Micro-vibration self-compaction ultrahigh-flow-state concrete product for bridge structure |
| CN116953210B (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2024-03-19 | 重庆茂侨科技有限公司 | Concrete compressive strength prediction method based on four factors |
| CN117415937A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-01-19 | 深圳大学 | Preparation method of compression casting rubber fine aggregate concrete |
| CN117976076B (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-07-12 | 湖北九峰山实验室 | Gallium oxide particle close-packed raw material and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20050086112A (en) * | 2004-02-25 | 2005-08-30 | 최연왕 | Simple mixing design method of self-compacting concrete using packing factor of aggregate |
| CN103086667B (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2016-05-18 | 北方工业大学 | Design method for mixing proportion of C20-grade high-performance recycled concrete |
| CN104478325A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-04-01 | 沈阳大学 | C90-grade self-compaction high-strength concrete and preparation method thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-09-11 CN CN201510577964.7A patent/CN105224727B/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107445533A (en) * | 2017-09-23 | 2017-12-08 | 四川省三台县波特兰商品砼有限公司 | A kind of matching method of mortar |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105224727A (en) | 2016-01-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105224727B (en) | A kind of autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method | |
| CN105036626B (en) | A kind of method of multifactor parametric method design high performance concrete | |
| CN100534743C (en) | Confecting method of modern concrete and the mixing proportion thereof | |
| CN104761229B (en) | A kind of self-compacting concrete of utilization industrial solid castoff and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105731932A (en) | Early-strength self-compacting concrete and mix proportion design method thereof | |
| CN115028419B (en) | Design method for self-compacting concrete mix proportion | |
| CN104230223A (en) | High-strength and vibration-free self-compacting concrete prepared from machine-made sand | |
| CN104446207B (en) | Fly ash concrete and mix proportion design method thereof | |
| Mohan et al. | Performance criteria, environmental impact and cost assessment for 3D printable concrete mixtures | |
| CN109584973A (en) | A kind of building castoff powder base ecotype ultra-high performance concrete designs and prepares method | |
| CN111415712A (en) | Digital concrete preparation method and digital concrete mixing proportion | |
| CN110467399A (en) | A kind of self-compacting concrete and preparation method thereof using Copper Slag | |
| CN106882942A (en) | A kind of marble powder Medium and low intensity grade self-compacting concrete | |
| CN107098642B (en) | High-strength self-compacting concrete | |
| CN108439876A (en) | A kind of design method of determining super-early strength cement base material material formula | |
| CN106830828A (en) | C40~C50 high performance concretes and cooperation stirring means | |
| CN103182742A (en) | High dense pavement base preparation method, proportioning ratio, and sieve with pore size scale not less than 2.4143 | |
| CN101638310A (en) | Self-compaction concrete containing zeolite powder and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104591643B (en) | Preparation method of expansion rate-controllable steel pipe and steel-slag concrete column | |
| CN105461271B (en) | A kind of railway engineering Machine-made Sand pump concrete component compound method | |
| CN106116281A (en) | Coral reef sand concrete and preparation method thereof | |
| JP2019123653A (en) | concrete | |
| CN105260578A (en) | Self-compacting concrete (SCC) component preparation method for railway engineering | |
| CN115312147A (en) | Design method of mixing ratio of sprayed recycled concrete | |
| CN114842919A (en) | Full-gradation mixing proportion calculation method based on concrete raw material information |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |