CN105224727A - A kind of autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method - Google Patents
A kind of autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of concrete construction, be specifically related to a kind of autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method.The method comprises: determine performance design object, determine the voidage of preparation strength and water-cement ratio, the most close-graded (or sand coarse aggregate ratio) determining aggregate and different stacking states, determine the consumption of Binder Materials and mixing water, determine the consumption of aggregate, determine additive usage, determine the steps such as the actual addition of mixing water.The present invention is directed to the blindness of prior art Material selec-tion when MIX PROPORTION DESIGN OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE, the basic theories of foundation particle dense packing and different-grain diameter solid particulate materials reach the component law of closest packing state, by the match ratio of the closest packing state determination different materials of surveying, the self-compacting ability grade that material mix proportion corresponding for different close packing state and mixture are expected set up simultaneously and contact, constructing a set of is the self-compacting high performance concrete mixture mixing proportion design method of target based on usability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of concrete construction, relate to a kind of autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method.
Background technology
Self-compacting concrete be a kind of there is very high fluidity under low water binder ratio and do not emanate, not bleeding, ensure unfavorable build condition under can be full of the novel high-performance concrete of die cavity and parcel reinforcing bar voluntarily without vibrating.Because using a large amount of industrial waste fine mineral admixture, self-compacting concrete can obviously reduce concrete temperature rise, thus improves the ability that opposing external environment corrodes deterioration, and then improves the permanance of xoncrete structure; Cement has been saved in the use of fine mineral admixture simultaneously, decreases the carbon emission in manufacture of cement and energy resource consumption.Owing to having above-mentioned advantage, self-compacting concrete is specially adapted to conventional concrete and is difficult to build the position even cannot built, the mass defect such as cavity, honeycomb, pitted skin that deficiency of can avoiding vibrating causes, ensure and improve construction quality, adapt to the demand of modernization mechanical execution, greatly reduce construction noise, accelerate speed of application, be the breakthrough achievement that modern concrete technology obtains, comprehensive benefit is comparatively remarkable.
Self-compacting concrete is as modern high performance concrete, except workability, also will in permanance, intensity, volume stability, the performance of the aspect such as applicability and economy is excellent, and these performances all need rational raw material selection and mix-design to ensure, really each starting material have himself feature on composition, as in sand coarse aggregate ratio, slurry bone ratio, the selection aspect of the mix-design parameters such as water-cement ratio, but conventional concrete mixing proportion design theory and method can not directly be applied, and also there is certain deficiency in existing autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method, as existing industry standard " JGJT283 self-compacting concrete application technology code ", though be the mix-design carried out according to predetermined self-compacting ability grade, but because method for designing lacks necessary theoretical foundation, thus design parameter is (as coarse aggregate consumption, mortar consumption, sand coarse aggregate ratio etc.) experience value can only be leaned on, although the composition parameter making mixture workability and maturing intensity and permanance reach the concrete material of certain expection has uniqueness, but the material property difference due to different regions can not ensure that empirical value always conforms to actual value, and the improper cumulative errors of often bringing that initial parameter is selected, actual result is finally caused to be difficult to meet expection.And the more existing defect calculating and determine that the method for mixture match ratio exists Selecting parameter and real material performance equally and disconnects that relies on completely, especially the fill characteristic reckoning without aggregate and Binder Materials solid particulate system is on the impact of mixture and properties of hardened concrete, thus make the performance of self-compacting concrete be difficult to reach designing requirement, the examination repeatedly in later stage is joined and adjusted also makes its advantage be difficult to be embodied.
Since number century, PROBLEM OF PARTICLE PACKING receives the concern of scientific circles always, piles up theory and also has its application background widely, relate to many ambits such as nuclear industry, Aero-Space, civil engineering work, pharmacy industry, food industry, compound substance.Although pile up theory study application for many years in Concrete Industry, but up to the present, there is no the practical approach of a set of determination self-compacting high performance concrete mixture match ratio set up according to this theory, more the material of mixture composition can not be established direct links with self-compacting ability grade, as Chinese patent (application publication number CN103304206A) discloses a kind of ultrahigh-strength self-compacting concrete and preparation method thereof, primarily of Binder Materials, high efficiency water reducing agent, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water and PVA fibrous, the cement of composition Binder Materials, the mass percent of slag and silica flour is: cement 70%-80%, slag 10%-20%, silica flour 5%-10%.Although it is the optimal design of carrying out ultrahigh-strength self-compacting concrete based on most dense packing theory that this invention is mentioned, but application documents do not relate to the information utilizing closest packing theory to determine any method aspect of various material usage, the mixing proportion design method being still conventional concrete of its actual employing and pattern, and the performance of designed mixture cannot be predicted, the experimental examination and the examination auxiliary tone that have to pass through the later stage are whole.
In general, prior art not only increases the whole workload of examination auxiliary tone in the blindness of material mix proportion design aspect, also bring the wasting of resources, thus, be necessary the new method inquiring into a kind of more practical self-compacting high performance concrete mixture mix-design.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is on prior art basis, by material property and the discovery of its composition inherent law and the foundation of parameter model, provides a kind of autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method.
Autodensing concrete almixture mix-design thinking of the present invention is as follows:
To the combined aggregate be made up of multiple coarse-fine aggregate, according to the dense packing principle of particle, utilizing Fuller-Talbol grating formula to design 5 groups of primary election gratings, carrying out bulk density and voidage test to meeting the combined aggregate of 5 groups of primary election gratings, determine the most close-graded of the reality of aggregate;
To the combined aggregate be only made up of a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate, utilize the combined aggregate of the different sand coarse aggregate ratio of sand coarse aggregate ratio computing formula assembly 5 groups proposed by the invention, and bulk density and voidage test are carried out to 5 groups of combined aggregates, determine actual sand coarse aggregate ratio when combined aggregate reaches closest packing;
Carrying out loose depos-its and closest packing test to meeting the aggregate compound that closest packing requires, determining voidage corresponding under two kinds of stacking states, and the self-compacting ability grade of the Binder Materials volume can filled in space and expection is set up and contacted, that is:
When the aggregate compound meeting closest packing requirement reaches loose depos-its state, the solid particle of different-grain diameter just forms point cantact, granule formed larger can packing space, if these spaces be just used for fill Binder Materials and water composition slurry, " relaxation effect " that " the skeleton effect " of now coarse-fine aggregate formation and Binder Materials slurry are formed can just balance, and makes mixture have elementary self-compaction filling capacity;
When the aggregate compound meeting closest packing requirement reaches closestpacking state, the granuloplastic contact point of different-grain diameter is maximum, granule formed minimum can packing space, assuming that these spaces are only used for filling Binder Materials, coarse-fine aggregate and Binder Materials will form the most stable solid matrix material, only have interpolation mixing water that skeleton just can be made to loosen, now " lubrication " and " relaxation effect " of mixing water prevails, and makes mixture have the self-compaction filling capacity of highest ranking;
Assuming that also there is close packing state between loose depos-its and closestpacking state, then between, the Binder Materials of close packing Determines and mixing water consumption can make mixture have medium self-compaction filling capacity.
Below the technical solution used in the present invention is described in detail as follows.
A kind of autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method, specifically comprises the following steps.
(1) performance design object is determined, specifically, determine the self-compacting ability grade of the autodensing concrete almixture for preparation according to the parameter such as complexity, the minimum clear distance of reinforcing bar of engineering, require the strength grade of the self-compacting concrete determined for preparation according to engineering structure safe design.
(2) determine preparation strength and the water-cement ratio of self-compacting concrete, specifically, first calculate self-compacting concrete preparation strength according to relevant regulations in existing industry standard " JGJ55-2011 design of common concrete proportioning code "
f cu, 0; Then the following formula 1 proposed by the present invention calculates water-cement ratio (m
w/ m
b);
Formula 1,
;
In formula:
m wfor water consumption in every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete, kg;
m bfor the quality of Binder Materials in every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete, kg;
f cu, 0for calculating gained self-compacting concrete preparation strength according to existing industry standard;
f bfor cement 28d surveys compressive strength, MPa; When cement 28d compressive strength
f bwhen failing to survey, strength of cement grade can be adopted
f ce, grespective value is multiplied by 1.1 and substitutes;
It should be noted that when mixing mineral admixture, considering that mineral admixture affects strength of cement, then
f bcalculate by following formula 2;
Formula 2,
;
In formula,
f ce, gfor strength of cement grade, units MPa;
k ifor the activity influence coefficient of mineral admixture; Specifically, value 1.0, – 0.1, – 0.6, – 0.9 can be distinguished for SILICA FUME (i=1), S95 or S105 grade slag powder (i=2), I level or II level flyash (i=3), agstone (i=4);
β ifor the massfraction of mineral admixture; Specifically, for SILICA FUME,
β i≤ 0.1; For S95 or S105 grade slag powder,
β 2≤ 0.4; For I level or II level flyash,
β 3≤ 0.13; For agstone,
β 4≤ 0.2, it should be noted that the massfraction that total mineral admixture accounts for the total consumption of Binder Materials should not be less than 0.2;
nfor mixing the kind quantity of mineral admixture.
(3) the most close-graded (or sand coarse aggregate ratio) of aggregate and the voidage of different stacking states is determined,
Generally speaking, in concrete, the closest packing state of aggregate has decisive influence to the workability of mixture and the intensity of maturing and permanance, and the closest packing state of aggregate depends on rational grating, that is: the quantity collocation of coarse-fine aggregate particle is only had rationally, the particle of different size could be formed and contact the most closely, now the transmission of stress could be more even, and structural strength and volume stability can reach best simultaneously, now coarse grained " arch bridge effect " and fine grain " relaxation effect " are easy to reach balance;
If Binder Materials slurry is filled completely in the aggregate gap reaching closest packing state, concrete mix will have the self-compaction filling capacity of highest ranking, simultaneously, because the space formed when aggregate reaches most compact state is minimum, need the Binder Materials slurry amount of filling also minimum, now the cost of mixture is also minimum;
Based on above-mentioned principle, first should determine during MIX PROPORTION DESIGN OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE that the most close-graded of aggregate is (slightly multiple, during fine aggregate) or closest packing time sand coarse aggregate ratio (a kind of thick, during fine aggregate), but the selection due to aggregate in Practical Project is subject to the impact of many factors, thus for avoiding the error directly adopting empirical model to bring, most close-graded or closest packing sand coarse aggregate ratio must be determined by actual measurement, certainly lock onto target is as early as possible conducive to by empirical model, reduce blindness and experiment work amount, thus, can carry out according to following steps and principle when determining most close-graded or closest packing sand coarse aggregate ratio:
A. according to complexity and the arrangement of reinforcement situation of member section shape, the maximum particle diameter of coarse aggregate is determined
d; Coarse-fine aggregate (rubble and sand) is sieved respectively simultaneously, obtain the grading curve of coarse-fine aggregate;
B. as available in aggregate sufficient material source in practical engineering application, can by multiple coarse-fine aggregate mix and match time, according to following formula 3(Fuller-Talbol grating formula) design the initial target grating of aggregate:
Formula 3,
;
In formula:
d ifor the particle diameter of certain primary granule, mm;
p ifor
d ithe percent of pass of particle, %;
dfor the largest particles particle diameter, mm; K is grading index, value 0.40 ~ 0.60, and generally speaking, as k=0.45, graded aggregate can reach closest packing;
On above-mentioned formula 3 basis, can calculate particle diameter in continuously graded aggregate compound by formula 4 is
d iprimary granule tail over percentage composition (i.e. percentage composition in graded aggregate compound),
Formula 4,
, (
);
In formula:
d 2ifor being greater than the adjacent primary granule particle diameter of i, mm;
On above-mentioned formula basis, can get respectively k=0.40,0.45,0.5,0.55 and 0.60 design 5 initial target grading curves, as follows 5(system of equations) solve the composition of the various aggregates meeting certain objective grading curve,
Formula 5,
;
In formula: m is the grade number of grating particle;
nfor aggregate species number; x
jfor the percent content of jth kind aggregate in continuously graded aggregate compound;
p sjfor being obtained jth kind aggregate by size analysis at s(s=i) number sieve on tail over percent;
According to above-mentioned system of equations result of calculation, different types of coarse-fine aggregate is adopted to combine the aggregate compound meeting 5 initial target grading curves respectively by the match ratio combined result composition calculated, and carry out true reactor and amass density test, by the contrast to 5 groups of test findings, determine that aggregate compound reaches the actual grating of closest packing state;
C. as limited in aggregate material source in Practical Project (such as, when coarse aggregate and fine aggregate respectively only have an one), the sand coarse aggregate ratio of closest packing state is determined; Theoretical, the size of sand coarse aggregate ratio is relevant with coarse-fine aggregate grating situation separately with the thickness of the maximum particle diameter of coarse aggregate, sand, and the sand coarse aggregate ratio of closest packing state specifically calculates by following formula 6,
Formula 6,
;
In formula:
p fafor sand coarse aggregate ratio, namely the volume of sand accounts for the percent of whole aggregate volume, %;
m xfor grain fineness number modulus, value should between 2.5 ~ 3.1;
d maxfor the nominal maximum particle diameter of coarse aggregate, should between 9.5 ~ 20mm;
Generally, sand coarse aggregate ratio
p fashould control between 40 ~ 55%;
Centered by the initial sand coarse aggregate ratio that above-mentioned formula 6 calculates, adjust sand coarse aggregate ratio up and down with the interval of ± 5.0%, form 5 groups of different aggregate compounds and carry out bulk density test, by the contrast to 5 groups of test findings, determine the actual sand coarse aggregate ratio reaching closest packing state;
D. the accumulation voidage of most dense-graded aggregate compound is determined, according to the result of step B, step C, loose bulk density and closest packing density test are carried out to the aggregate compound meeting closest packing grating or the requirement of closest packing sand coarse aggregate ratio, meanwhile, the density of other material (comprising various coarse-fine aggregate, Binder Materials, water and additive) also will measure;
Loose bulk density and closest packing density test, test by the natural deposited dry density of regulation in " JTGE42-2005 highway engineering gather materials testing regulations " and tap density (also can use dry-tamping real density) test method respectively;
Meet the loose depos-its voidage of the aggregate compound that closest packing grating requires or closest packing sand coarse aggregate ratio requires
vCA looswith closest packing voidage
vCA closacquisition is calculated respectively by following formula 7 and formula 8:
Formula 7,
;
Formula 8,
;
In formula:
ρ loosfor the natural deposited dry density of coarse-fine aggregate compound, kg/m
3;
ρ afor the synthesis apparent density of coarse-fine aggregate compound, kg/m
3;
ρ closfor the tapped bulk density (or dry-tamping real density) of coarse-fine aggregate compound, kg/m
3.
(4) consumption of Binder Materials and mixing water is determined,
Theoretical, utilize dense packing theory can disclose the optimum assembly rule of each composition in particulate material system, thus can be determined the corresponding optimum consumption of Binder Materials and mixing water by the accumulation voidage of the different stacking states of combined aggregate in above-mentioned steps (3); From volume relationship, in the concrete mix of different-grain diameter particle composition, the effect of Binder Materials slurry (Binder Materials and water) is used for filler aggregate void among particles on the one hand, on the other hand for wrapping particles of aggregates thus making mixture have certain mobility;
For making mixture, there is suitable workability and anti-segregation ability, Binder Materials amount in concrete should be suitable for, very few gel material content is difficult to meet workability, intensity and life requirement, too much Binder Materials then can strengthen concrete drying and shrink, unfavorable to permanance, and the slump-loss of mixture can be increased, thus gel material content is needed to carry out particular design;
Theoretical, under identical grading of aggregates and water-cement ratio condition, the workability of mixture and the intensity of maturing depend on the content of Binder Materials slurry, thus meet the folk prescription minimum volume of the Binder Materials slurry (comprising Binder Materials and mixing water) of workability and cost-effectiveness requirement
v p, mincan be determined by following formula 9,
Formula 9,
v p, min>=
vCA loos;
Meet workability, intensity and economy equilibrium state, the folk prescription maximum volume of Binder Materials in mixture
v b, maxcan be determined by following formula 10,
Formula 10,
v b, max≤
vCA clos;
(suppose to use also determining of additive character under the condition that above-mentioned steps (2), step (3) have been determined for aggregate properties and water-cement ratio, water-reducing rate and rate of mixing as supposed high efficiency water reducing agent are certain), the workability of autodensing concrete almixture only can depend on the consumption of Binder Materials, for this reason, by the control of the optimum amount scope of above-mentioned formula 9, formula 10 pairs of Binder Materials, the self-compacting ability grade that mixture will be able to be reached and various material usage are set up and are contacted, that is:
The material mix proportion that loose depos-its state is determined can reach the self-compacting ability grade SF1 of expection;
The material mix proportion that closest packing state is determined can reach self-compacting ability grade SF3;
Assuming that also there is " a close packing state " between the two, then the material mix proportion that between, close packing state is determined can reach the requirement of self-compacting ability grade SF2;
Be described in detail as follows:
Self-compacting ability meets " JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology code " slump flow test of specifying and reaches shown in the following formula 11 of Binder Materials slurry folk prescription volume that SF1 level (550 ~ 655mm) requires,
Formula 11,
v p, min=
vCA loos;
The folk prescription gross mass of Binder Materials is determined according to following formula 12:
Formula 12,
;
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 13:
Formula 13,
;
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 14:
Formula 14,
;
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture is determined according to following formula 15:
Formula 15,
;
In above-mentioned formula:
ρ wfor the apparent density of mixing water, desirable 1000kg/m
3;
p cfor the apparent density of cement, kg/m
3;
ρ ibe the apparent density of i-th kind of mineral admixture, kg/m
3;
Self-compacting ability meets " JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology code " slump flow test of specifying and reaches Binder Materials original bulk volume that SF3 level (760 ~ 850mm) requires as shown in following formula 16,
Formula 16; (it should be explained that, different from the above-mentioned computing method met when performance registers SF1, formula 16 calculates for transition, relevant character adds that to skim be (add below skim character implication identical) in order to carry out with folk prescription consumption below distinguishing, still need below and convert folk prescription volume and folk prescription quality further to, hereby illustrate)
The initial gross mass of Binder Materials is determined according to following formula 17:
Formula 17,
;
The original bulk volume of mixing water is determined according to following formula 18:
Formula 18,
;
The folk prescription gross mass of Binder Materials is determined according to following formula 19:
Formula 19,
;
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 20:
Formula 20,
;
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 21:
Formula 21,
;
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture is determined according to following formula 22:
Formula 22,
;
Self-compacting ability meets " JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology code " slump flow test of specifying and reaches Binder Materials folk prescription gross mass that SF2 level (660 ~ 755mm) requires and calculate according to following formula 23 and obtain,
Formula 23,
;
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 24:
Formula 24,
;
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 25:
Formula 25,
;
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture is determined according to following formula 26:
Formula 26,
;
The consumption of Binder Materials should at 400 ~ 650kg/m
3between, cement consumption should meet corresponding specification or standard to the limit value of life requirement, should at 350 ~ 500kg/m
3, water consumption should more than 200kg/m
3.
(5) consumption of aggregate is determined,
According to the result of calculation of step (4), the phase application quantity of the different self-compacting ability grade determination aggregates that will reach according to mixture;
Slump flow test meets the aggregate Dosage calculation of self-compacting ability grade SF1
A. to the aggregate compound meeting continuous grading requirement by multiple coarse-fine aggregate assembly, the folk prescription gross mass of aggregate
m a, SF1
Calculate by following formula 27:
Formula 27,
;
Single particles is calculated by formula 28
d ifolk prescription quality;
Formula 28,
;
B. to only by the calculating of the aggregate compound folk prescription quality of a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate assembly:
The folk prescription consumption of fine aggregate is determined by following formula 29:
Formula 29,
;
The folk prescription consumption of coarse aggregate is determined by following formula 30:
Formula 30,
;
In formula:
m a, SF1for the quality of fine aggregate in every cubic metre of autodensing concrete almixture, kg;
m ca, SF1for the quality of coarse aggregate in every cubic metre of autodensing concrete almixture, kg;
ρ fafor the apparent density of fine aggregate, kg/m
3;
ρ cafor the apparent density of coarse aggregate, kg/m
3;
Slump flow test meets the aggregate Dosage calculation of self-compacting ability grade SF3
A. to the aggregate compound meeting continuous grading requirement by multiple coarse-fine aggregate assembly, the folk prescription gross mass of aggregate
m a, SF3calculate by following formula 31:
Formula 31,
;
Single particles is calculated by formula 32
d ifolk prescription quality;
Formula 32,
;
B. to only by the calculating of the aggregate compound folk prescription quality of a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate assembly:
The folk prescription consumption of fine aggregate is determined by following formula 33:
Formula 33,
;
The folk prescription consumption of coarse aggregate is determined by following formula 34:
Formula 34,
;
Slump flow test meets the aggregate Dosage calculation of self-compacting ability grade SF2
A. to the aggregate compound meeting continuous grading requirement by multiple coarse-fine aggregate assembly, the folk prescription gross mass of aggregate
m a, SF2calculate by following formula 35:
Formula 35,
;
Single particles is calculated by formula 36
d ifolk prescription quality;
Formula 36,
;
B. to only by the calculating of the aggregate compound folk prescription quality of a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate assembly:
The folk prescription consumption of fine aggregate is determined by following formula 37:
Formula 37,
;
The folk prescription consumption of coarse aggregate is determined by following formula 38:
Formula 38,
.
(6) additive usage is determined,
Carry out calculating by additive usage in following formula 39 pairs of self-compacting concretes to determine:
Formula 39,
;
In formula:
m adfor additive usage in every cube of self-compacting concrete, kg;
β adfor admixture dosage, represent with the mass percent accounting for binder total amount, %, the consumption of additive should be determined according to the mobility of autodensing concrete almixture, fillibility, gap by the test that property and education resistance require.
(7) the actual addition of mixing water is determined,
When it should be noted that working as adopted additive is kind of liquid, need its water cut to deduct, the thus actual used water amount of self-compacting concrete
m wcarry out calculating according to following formula 40 to determine:
Formula 40,
;
In formula:
m wfor the actual interpolation quality of every cube of self-compacting concrete mixing water that satisfied actual self-compaction properties requires, kg;
αfor the solid content of liquid additive, %;
m wtbe aforementioned
m wt, mid,
m wt, mid,
m wt, minequivalent.
According to the different amounts of the materials such as coarse-fine aggregate, gel rubber material, water, additive in above-mentioned steps (2) ~ step (7) determined self-compacting concrete, according to the feeding sequence of the mixed liquor of coarse-fine aggregate, Binder Materials, additive and water, after forced mixer is mixed thoroughly, gained is designed autodensing concrete almixture, just can be used for Practical Project.
The present invention is directed to the blindness of prior art Material selec-tion when MIX PROPORTION DESIGN OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE, the basic theories of foundation particle dense packing and different-grain diameter solid particulate materials reach the component law of closest packing state, by the match ratio of the closest packing state determination different materials of surveying, the self-compacting ability grade that material mix proportion corresponding for different close packing state and mixture are expected set up simultaneously and contact, constructing a set of is the self-compacting high performance concrete mixture mixing proportion design method of target based on usability.In general, major advantage of the present invention is embodied in the following aspects: (1) mixing proportion design method of the present invention is optimized from the most essential volume component law each composition, the performance of various material is not only made to be fully utilized, and while guarantee mixture and maturing have excellent properties, also make cost minimum; (2) mixing proportion design method of the present invention discloses the intrinsic rule of material composition, there is broad applicability, be not only applicable to flowing concrete, also the no slump concrete that workability is lower is applicable to, as the mix-design of roller compacted concrete, be more suitable for the concrete that raw material variance is larger, as the mix-design of lightweight aggregate concrete mixture; (3) utilize empirical model and measured value to combine and determine the method for mix-design parameter, not only contribute to quick lock in desired value, and higher design accuracy can be obtained, avoid experience and actual disengaging; (4) the present invention is all the time using measured value as design parameter, avoids starting material and to make a variation the adverse effect brought, ensure that design accuracy; (5) the water-cement ratio computation model that the water-cement ratio computation model in the present invention is recommended with " JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology code " and " JGJ55-2011 design of common concrete proportioning code " is compared, more can adapt to the impact of strength of cement grade, result of calculation is closer to reality; (6) mixture mixing proportion design method of the present invention completes optimization to component and Properties Control preferably in material selection process, overall design step and clear thinking, rationally easy and simple to handle, avoiding the blindness in prior art operation, decreasing because repeatedly trying that auxiliary tone is whole brings time, manpower, material and energy dissipation, thus there is better operability and practicality.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described in detail.Before introducing specific embodiment, briefly introduce as follows to partial material situation used in the present invention.
Binder Materials: comprise 42.5 grades of Portland cements and II grade of flyash.
42.5 grades of Portland cements are certain Products, shown in concrete chemical table composed as follows.
As shown in the table according to " GB175-2007 common portland cement " part physical mechanical property measured result to cement.
According to " GB/T1596-2005 is used for the flyash in cement and concrete ", II grade of flyash Partial Physical Property index is as shown in the table.
Coarse aggregate: be limestone gravel, carry out size analysis and Partial Physical Property test according to " JGJ52-2006 regular concrete sand, stone quality and test method standard " and " GB/T14685-2011 cobble for building, rubble " prescriptive procedure to coarse aggregate, screening result is as shown in the table.
Physical property test result is as shown in the table.
Fine aggregate: be natural river sand, the method specified according to " JGJ52-2006 regular concrete sand, stone quality and test method standard " and " GB/T14684-2011 building sand " is sieved and performance test fine aggregate, and screening result is as shown in the table.
Quantitative measurement result is as shown in the table.
Additive: be high performance water reducing agent of polyocarboxy acid (PCA (I) carboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent that Jiangsu Su Bote new material company limited produces), its basic performance parameter is as shown in the table.
Mixing water: be daily potable water, water quality meets existing industry standard " the JGJ63-2006 the reinforcement of concrete water quality standard " technical requirement to mixing concrete water.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is for concrete C50 autodensing concrete almixture proportion design, and autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method, specifically comprises the following steps.
(1) performance design object is determined
Specifically, the present embodiment is specially ordinary reinforced concrete structure engineering, distance of reinforcing bar is 80 ~ 100mm, design the mixture (mixture self-compacting ability represents the match ratio of the self-compacting concrete reaching SF1, SF2 and SF3 tri-grades respectively with slump flow test) of 3 kinds of self-compacting ability grades accordingly, with the 28d compressive strength of same material preparation for 50MPa(standard cube test specimen) for standard, require that self-compacting concrete strength grade reaches 50MPa equally; Require mixture expansion time, gap by property, cohesiveness, water-retaining property, education resistance well, the permanance of maturing is good, and has Optimum Economic simultaneously.
(2) preparation strength and the water-cement ratio of self-compacting concrete is determined
According to the design object of step (1), first calculate self-compacting concrete preparation strength according to relevant regulations in existing industry standard " JGJ55-2011 design of common concrete proportioning code "
f cu, 0:
f cu，0=50+1.645×6.0=59.87MPa；
For water-cement ratio (m
w/ m
b) calculate by following formula 1 and formula 2, during calculating, because Binder Materials is Portland cement and II grade of flyash of 42.5 grades, consider life requirement, the Replacement rate generally getting flyash is 20%, then first estimate Binder Materials intensity by formula 2
f bas follows:
Formula 2,
;
Then water-cement ratio result is calculated according to formula 1 as follows:
Formula 1,
.
(3) the most close-graded (or sand coarse aggregate ratio) of aggregate and the voidage of different stacking states is determined
Because the present embodiment only has a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate in aggregate is selected, the sand coarse aggregate ratio of closest packing state thus directly can be calculated by formula 6:
Formula 6,
.
Mixture gap rate is tested
With the optimum sand coarse aggregate ratio of the target of primary election
p scentered by=47.8%, the interval with ± 5.0% adjusts sand coarse aggregate ratio up and down and forms 5 groups of different aggregate compounds and carry out bulk density test, shown in the aggregate compound bulk density of different sand coarse aggregate ratio and voidage test findings table specific as follows.
Calculate the aggregate compound accumulation voidage meeting closest packing and require
Carry out regretional analysis to the experimental result (the aggregate compound bulk density of different sand coarse aggregate ratio and voidage test findings) in upper table, result shows to work as
p swhen=49.1%, coarse-fine aggregate compound can reach most dense packing state, correspondingly can calculate the loose depos-its voidage of aggregate compound according to formula 7 and formula 8
vCA looswith closest packing voidage
vCA closas follows:
Formula 7,
;
Formula 8,
.
(4) consumption of Binder Materials and mixing water is determined
Result of calculation according to step (3):
Meet the folk prescription minimum volume of the Binder Materials slurry (comprising Binder Materials and mixing water) of workability and cost-effectiveness requirement
v p, min=
vCA loos=35.0%(formula 9);
Meet workability, intensity and economy equilibrium state, the folk prescription maximum volume of Binder Materials in mixture
v b, max=
vCA clos=25.3%(formula 10).
The slump flow test that self-compacting ability satisfied " JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology code " specifies reaches the Binder Materials folk prescription slurry volume that SF1 level (550 ~ 655mm) requires) be expressed as follows by formula 11:
Formula 11,
v p, min=
vCA clos=0.35m
3;
The folk prescription gross mass of Binder Materials is determined according to formula 12:
Formula 12,
；
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 13:
Formula 13,
;
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 14:
Formula 14,
;
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture (flyash) is determined according to following formula 15:
Formula 15,
.
Self-compacting ability meets " JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology code " slump flow test of specifying and reaches Binder Materials original bulk volume that SF3 level (760 ~ 850mm) requires as shown in following formula 16:
Formula 16,
v b'=
v b, max=
vCA clos=0.253m
3;
The initial gross mass of Binder Materials is determined according to following formula 17:
Formula 17,
;
The original bulk volume of mixing water is determined according to following formula 18:
Formula 18,
;
The folk prescription gross mass of Binder Materials is determined according to following formula 19:
Formula 19,
;
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 20:
Formula 20,
;
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 21:
Formula 21,
;
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture (flyash) is determined according to following formula 22:
Formula 22,
.
Self-compacting ability meets " JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology code " slump flow test of specifying and reaches Binder Materials folk prescription gross mass that SF2 level (660 ~ 755mm) requires as shown in following formula 23:
Formula 23,
;
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 24:
Formula 24,
;
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 25:
Formula 25,
;
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture is determined according to following formula 26:
Formula 26,
.
(5) consumption of aggregate is determined
The aggregate compound of the present embodiment is only made up of a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate.
Slump flow test meets the coarse-fine aggregate Dosage calculation of self-compacting ability grade SF1
The folk prescription consumption of fine aggregate is determined by following formula 29:
Formula 29,
;
The folk prescription consumption of coarse aggregate is determined by following formula 30:
Formula 30,
;
Slump flow test meets the coarse-fine aggregate Dosage calculation of self-compacting ability grade SF3
The folk prescription consumption of fine aggregate is determined by following formula 33:
Formula 33,
;
The folk prescription consumption of coarse aggregate is determined by following formula 34:
Formula 34,
;
Slump flow test meets the coarse-fine aggregate Dosage calculation of self-compacting ability grade SF2
The folk prescription consumption of fine aggregate is determined by following formula 37:
Formula 37,
;
The folk prescription consumption of coarse aggregate is determined by following formula 38:
Formula 38,
.
(6) additive usage is determined
The additive that the present embodiment adopts is a kind of high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid mainly, and the normal consistency according to cement is tested, and this water reducer known water-reducing effect when the rate of mixing is 1.2% is better, according to formula 39(
) the water reducer consumption that different self-compacting ability requires is calculated, specific as follows:
Meet the water reducer consumption that SF1 requires:
；
Meet the water reducer consumption that SF3 requires:
；
Meet the water reducer consumption that SF2 requires:
。
(7) the actual addition of mixing water is determined
When it should be noted that working as adopted additive is kind of liquid, need its water cut to deduct, the solid content of the high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid adopted in the present embodiment is 20%, accordingly according to formula 40(
) calculate different performance require under actual used water amount
m w, specific as follows:
Meet the actual used water amount that SF1 requires:
；
Meet the actual used water amount that SF3 requires:
；
Meet the actual used water amount that SF2 requires:
。
(8) design result of experimental verification match ratio
According to the concrete consumption of the material such as coarse-fine aggregate, gel rubber material, water, additive in above-mentioned steps (2) ~ step (7) determined self-compacting concrete, the concrete self-compacting concrete formula of different performance class requirement is listed as follows.
Carry out performance and maturing compressive strength test to the self-compacting concrete of above-mentioned different formulations, specific experiment result is as shown in the table.
As can be seen from above-mentioned testing result, apply the C50 self-compacting concrete prepared by method for designing provided by the present invention, no matter mixture self-compacting ability or the intensity of maturing all can better meet initial designs requirement.
Comparative example
For the superiority of MIX PROPORTION DESIGN OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE method provided by the present invention is described, the method that inventor specifies with existing " JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology code ", has prepared C50 self-compacting concrete, has briefly introduced as follows.
According to existing " JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology code " requirement, design procedure is as follows:
1, coarse aggregate volume is determined
v caand quality
m ca
Owing to lacking basis, thus existing " JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology code " all directly gives the folk prescription amount ranges of coarse aggregate for different self-compacting ability grade according to existing design experiences, and for the coarse aggregate volumetric usage of each self-compacting ability grade
v caonly has the intermediate value of scope of getting temporarily, shown in table specific as follows.
According to coarse aggregate absolute volume
v caand apparent density
ρ ca, by formula
m ca=
v ca×
ρ cacoarse aggregate quality in every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete of different self-compacting ability grade can be calculated
m ca, concrete result of calculation is as shown in the table.
, mortar volume
v mdetermination
To the absolute volume consumption of mortar in folk prescription (every cube) concrete of satisfied different self-compaction grade
v mcan by formula
v m=1-
v cacalculate, concrete result of calculation is as following table.
, mortar medium sand volume fraction
Φ faselect
According to " JGJT283-2012 self-compacting concrete application technology code " regulation, the volume fraction of mortar medium sand
Φ fadesirable 0.42 ~ 0.45, for this reason, to the self-compacting ability grade of SF1, SF2 and SF3, corresponding
Φ faget 0.42,0.435 and 0.45 respectively.
, every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete medium sand consumption
m fadetermine
According to mortar volume
v mand the volume fraction of mortar medium sand
Φ facalculate the volumetric usage of sand
v fa=
v m×
Φ fa, then by the volumetric usage of sand
v faand apparent density
ρ faby formula
m fa=
v fa×
ρ fatry to achieve the quality of sand
m fa, concrete outcome is as shown in the table.
, Binder Materials slurry volume
v pdetermination
By formula
v p=
v m-
v facalculate the Binder Materials slurry volume meeting different self-compaction grade, concrete outcome is as following table.
, Binder Materials apparent density
ρ bdetermination
The massfraction of Binder Materials is accounted for according to mineral admixture
β i, the apparent density of cement
ρ cwith the apparent density of mineral admixture
ρ adbe calculated as follows and obtain;
。
, determine self-compacting concrete preparation strength
f cu, 0 with water-cement ratio (
m w/
m b)
Self-compacting concrete preparation strength is calculated according to relevant regulations in existing industry standard " JGJ55-2011 design of common concrete proportioning code "
,
f cu, 0=50+1.645 × 6.0=59.87MPa;
Water-cement ratio (
m w/
m b) get the value identical with embodiment 1, namely 0.3.
, the quality of Binder Materials in every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete
m bdetermination
According to the slurry volume in self-compacting concrete
v p, the apparent density of Binder Materials
ρ b, water-cement ratio (
m w / m b ) etc. parameter calculate the quality of Binder Materials in every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete
m b, concrete outcome is as shown in the table.
, total water consumption in every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete
m wtdetermination
According to gel material content in every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete
m bwith water-cement ratio (
m w/
m b) calculate total water consumption in every cube of self-compacting concrete
m wt, concrete outcome is as following table.
10, the quality of cement in every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete
m cwith the quality of mineral admixture
m β idetermination
The quality of cement
m cwith the quality of mineral admixture
m β ican according to the quality of Binder Materials in every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete
m bwith the massfraction of Binder Materials Minerals admixture
β icalculate, result is as following table.
, determine the consumption of additive
m ad
According to the quality of Binder Materials in every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete
m brate is mixed with additive
β addetermine, concrete outcome is as following table.
, determine the actual addition of mixing water
m w
The actual addition of every cubic metre of self-compacting concrete mixing water
m wby calculating gained total water consumption
m wtthe water cut deducted in liquid additive obtains (adopting the solid content identical with embodiment 1 to be the high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid of 20%), and concrete result of calculation is as following table.
, final match ratio
According to above-mentioned result of calculation, the final match ratio of 3 kinds of self-compacting ability grade designs can be obtained, shown in table specific as follows (unit, kg).
Carry out self-compacting ability and compressive strength experiment to the self-compacting concrete of above-mentioned formula, specific experiment result is as shown in the table.
The specific performance of the self-compacting concrete prepared by above-mentioned experimental result and the present invention is contrasted, can find, the present invention is by optimizing the proportioning between material, make self-compacting concrete in the index such as compressive strength, the slump, have improvement in various degree, and design procedure also comparatively prior art make moderate progress, General layout Plan is simplified, and thus has better using value.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is to determine the proportioning of autodensing concrete almixture that strength grade is C60, starting material are substantially the same manner as Example 1, determine unlike 5 continuous grading curves of aggregate according to Fuller-Talbol formulae discovery, first the single particles obtained by screening is met the aggregate compound of 5 grading curves through assembly, and then determine by bulk density test the grading of aggregates meeting closest packing state, mixture match ratio determining step is as follows:
(1) preparation strength and the water-cement ratio of self-compacting concrete is determined
Calculate self-compacting concrete preparation strength
f cu, 0:
f cu, 0=1.15 × 6.0=69.0MPa;
Flyash Replacement rate still gets 20%, Binder Materials design strength
f bas follows:
；
Calculate water-cement ratio (m
w/ m
b):
。
(2) the most close-graded of aggregate and the voidage of different stacking states is determined
Grading index k is respectively and gets 0.40,0.45,0.50,0.55 and 0.60, obtains 5 continuous gradings, as following table by Fuller-Talbol grating formula.
Mixture gap rate is tested
The aggregate compound bulk density of different gradation and voidage test findings are as following table.
Calculate the aggregate compound accumulation voidage meeting closest packing and require
Upper watch test result to show that as k=0.55 graded aggregate compound can reach most dense packing state, correspondingly can determine the loose depos-its voidage of aggregate compound according to formula 7 and formula 8
vCA looswith closest packing voidage
vCA closas follows:
Formula 7,
vCA loos=31.5%;
Formula 8,
vCA clos=23.4%.
(3) consumption of Binder Materials and mixing water is determined
Self-compacting ability meets Binder Materials slurry folk prescription volume that SF1 level (550 ~ 655mm) requires as shown in following formula 11:
Formula 11,
v p, min=
vCA clos=0.315m
3;
The folk prescription gross mass of Binder Materials is determined according to formula 12:
；
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 13:
Formula 13,
；
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 14:
Formula 14,
;
The folk prescription quality of flyash is determined according to following formula 15:
Formula 15,
;
Self-compacting ability meets the Binder Materials original bulk volume that SF3 level (760 ~ 850mm) requires and calculates by formula 16:
Formula 16,
;
The initial gross mass of Binder Materials is determined according to formula 17:
Formula 17,
;
The original bulk volume of mixing water is determined according to formula 18:
Formula 18,
;
The folk prescription gross mass of Binder Materials is determined according to following formula 19:
Formula 19,
;
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to formula 20:
Formula 20,
;
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 21:
Formula 21,
;
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture (flyash) is determined according to following formula 22:
Formula 22,
;
Self-compacting ability meets the Binder Materials folk prescription gross mass that SF2 level (660 ~ 755mm) requires and is determined by formula 23:
Formula 23,
;
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 24:
Formula 24,
;
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 25:
Formula 25,
;
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture is determined according to following formula 26:
Formula 26,
.
(4) consumption of aggregate is determined
Aggregate is the continuous grading compound that single particles obtains through assembly.
Slump flow test meets the aggregate folk prescription consumption of self-compacting ability grade SF1
m a, SF1determine by formula 27:
Formula 27,
;
Calculate the folk prescription quality of each single particles by formula 28, see the following form.
The aggregate consumption that slump flow test meets self-compacting ability grade SF3 can calculate by formula 31:
Formula 31,
;
Calculate the folk prescription quality of each single particles by formula 32, see the following form.
The aggregate consumption that slump flow test meets self-compacting ability grade SF2 can calculate by formula 33:
Formula 33,
.
Calculate the folk prescription quality of each single particles by following formula 34, see the following form.
(5) additive usage is determined
Adopt high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid, water reducer is 1.2% in the rate of mixing, according to formula 39(
) calculate water reducer consumption:
Meet the water reducer consumption that SF1 requires:
；
Meet the water reducer consumption that SF3 requires:
；
Meet the water reducer consumption that SF2 requires:
。
(6) the actual addition of mixing water is determined
According to formula 40(
) calculate the actual used water amount of different self-compacting ability requirement
m w:
Meet the actual used water amount that SF1 requires:
；
Meet the actual used water amount that SF3 requires:
；
Meet the actual used water amount that SF2 requires:
。
(7) design result of experimental verification match ratio
The folk prescription match ratio of the autodensing concrete almixture determined according to above-mentioned steps (1) ~ step (6) is listed as follows.
Carry out self-compacting ability and maturing compressive strength test to the self-compacting concrete of above-mentioned design different ratio, test findings is as following table.
Above-mentioned test findings shows, apply autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method provided by the invention prepare the C60 self-compacting concrete meeting workability and requirement of strength be easy to realize.
It should be noted that, change the target capabilities of starting material and design mixture, all can form different specific embodiments, the present invention is not limited to above-described specific embodiment, as the concrete grammar etc. changing aggregate type, change the computation model of water-cement ratio, change the strength prediction model of Binder Materials, change the prediction model of optical sand percentage, change bulk density and voidage test and test, be common change of the present invention, do not describe in detail one by one at this.
Claims (4)
1. an autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method, is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) determine performance design object, specifically comprise the self-compacting ability grade of the autodensing concrete almixture for preparation, and the strength grade of the self-compacting concrete of wish preparation;
(2) determine preparation strength and the water-cement ratio of self-compacting concrete, calculate self-compacting concrete preparation strength according to industry standard " JGJ55 design of common concrete proportioning code "
f cu, 0;
Water-cement ratio is calculated by following formula 1;
Formula 1,
;
In formula:
m wfor water consumption in every cubic metre of autodensing concrete almixture, kg;
m bfor the quality of Binder Materials in every cubic metre of autodensing concrete almixture, kg;
f cu, 0for calculating gained self-compacting concrete preparation strength according to existing industry standard;
f bfor cement 28d surveys compressive strength, MPa;
(3) determine the most close-graded of aggregate or the voidage of sand coarse aggregate ratio and different stacking states, step and principle as follows:
A. according to complexity and the arrangement of reinforcement situation of member section shape, the maximum particle diameter of coarse aggregate is determined
d; Coarse-fine aggregate is sieved respectively simultaneously, obtain the grading curve of coarse-fine aggregate;
B. as available in aggregate sufficient material source in Practical Project, can by multiple coarse-fine aggregate mix and match time, design the initial target grating of aggregate according to following formula 3:
Formula 3,
,
d i≤
d;
In formula:
d ifor the particle diameter of certain primary granule, mm;
p ifor
d ithe percent of pass of particle, %;
dfor the largest particles particle diameter, mm; K is grading index, value 0.40 ~ 0.60;
On above-mentioned formula 3 basis, calculating particle diameter in continuously graded aggregate compound by formula 4 is
d iprimary granule tail over percentage composition, the percentage composition namely in graded aggregate compound,
Formula 4,
,
;
In formula:
d 2ifor being greater than the adjacent primary granule particle diameter of i, mm;
On the basis of above-mentioned formula 3 and formula 4, different gradation exponential quantity is got to k and designs several initial target grading curves, as follows 5 compositions solving the various aggregates meeting certain objective grading curve,
Formula 5,
;
In formula: m is the grade number of grating particle;
nfor aggregate species number; x
jfor the percent content of jth kind aggregate in continuously graded aggregate compound;
p sjfor obtained by size analysis jth kind aggregate No. s sieve on tail over percent, wherein s=i;
According to above-mentioned system of equations result of calculation, different types of coarse-fine aggregate is adopted to combine the aggregate compound meeting initial target grading curve respectively by the match ratio combined result composition calculated, and carry out true reactor and amass density test, by the contrast of test findings, determine that aggregate compound reaches the most close-graded of reality of closest packing state;
C. as limited in aggregate material source in Practical Project, when namely only having a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate, determine the sand coarse aggregate ratio of closest packing state by following formula 6,
Formula 6,
;
In formula:
p fafor sand coarse aggregate ratio, namely the volume of sand accounts for the percent of whole aggregate volume, %;
m xfor grain fineness number modulus, value is between 2.5 ~ 3.1;
d maxfor the nominal maximum particle diameter of coarse aggregate, between 9.5 ~ 20mm;
Sand coarse aggregate ratio
p facontrol between 40 ~ 55%;
Centered by the initial sand coarse aggregate ratio that above-mentioned formula 6 calculates, adjust sand coarse aggregate ratio up and down, the aggregate compound that composition array is different carries out bulk density test, by the contrast of test findings, determines the actual sand coarse aggregate ratio reaching closest packing state;
D. determining the accumulation voidage of most dense-graded aggregate compound, according to the result of step B, step C, carrying out loose bulk density and closest packing density test to meeting the aggregate compound that closest packing grating or closest packing sand coarse aggregate ratio require;
Loose bulk density and closest packing density test, test by the natural deposited dry density of regulation in " JTGE42 highway engineering gather materials testing regulations " and tap density test method respectively;
Meet the loose depos-its voidage of the aggregate compound that closest packing grating requires or closest packing sand coarse aggregate ratio requires
vCA looswith closest packing voidage
vCA closacquisition is calculated respectively by following formula 7 and formula 8:
Formula 7,
;
Formula 8,
;
In formula:
ρ loosfor the natural deposited dry density of coarse-fine aggregate compound, kg/m
3;
ρ afor the synthesis apparent density of coarse-fine aggregate compound, kg/m
3;
ρ closfor tapped bulk density or the dry-tamping real density of coarse-fine aggregate compound, kg/m
3;
(4) consumption of Binder Materials and mixing water is determined,
Meet the folk prescription minimum volume of the Binder Materials slurry of workability and cost-effectiveness requirement
v p, mincan be determined by following formula 9,
Formula 9,
v p, min>=
vCA loos;
Take into account Binder Materials folk prescription maximum volume in the mixture of workability, intensity and cost-effectiveness requirement
v b, maxcan be determined by following formula 10,
Formula 10,
v b, max≤
vCA clos;
The self-compacting ability grade that will be reached by mixture and various material usage are set up and are contacted, that is:
The slump flow test that self-compacting ability satisfied " JGJT283 self-compacting concrete application technology code " specifies reaches
sF1shown in the following formula 11 of Binder Materials slurry folk prescription volume that level requires,
Formula 11,
v p, min=
vCA loos;
The folk prescription gross mass of Binder Materials is determined according to following formula 12:
Formula 12,
;
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 13:
Formula 13,
;
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 14:
Formula 14,
;
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture is determined according to following formula 15:
Formula 15,
;
In above-mentioned formula:
ρ wfor the apparent density of mixing water, kg/m
3;
p cfor the apparent density of cement, kg/m
3;
ρ ibe the apparent density of i-th kind of mineral admixture, kg/m
3;
The slump flow test that self-compacting ability satisfied " JGJT283 self-compacting concrete application technology code " specifies reaches
sF3level require Binder Materials original bulk volume as shown in following formula 16,
Formula 16;
The initial gross mass of Binder Materials is determined according to following formula 17:
Formula 17,
;
The original bulk volume of mixing water is determined according to following formula 18:
Formula 18,
;
The folk prescription gross mass of Binder Materials is determined according to following formula 19:
Formula 19,
;
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 20:
Formula 20,
;
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 21:
Formula 21,
;
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture is determined according to following formula 22:
Formula 22,
;
The slump flow test that self-compacting ability satisfied " JGJT283 self-compacting concrete application technology code " specifies reaches
sF2the Binder Materials folk prescription gross mass that level requires calculates according to following formula 23,
Formula 23,
;
The folk prescription gross mass of mixing water is determined according to following formula 24:
Formula 24,
;
The folk prescription quality of cement is determined according to following formula 25:
Formula 25,
;
The folk prescription quality of mineral admixture is determined according to following formula 26:
Formula 26,
;
The consumption of Binder Materials is at 400 ~ 650kg/m
3between, cement consumption should meet corresponding specification or standard to the limit value of life requirement, at 350 ~ 500kg/m
3, water consumption should more than 200kg/m
3;
(5) consumption of aggregate is determined,
According to the result of calculation of step (4), the phase application quantity of the different self-compacting ability grade determination aggregates that will reach according to mixture;
Slump flow test meets self-compacting ability grade
sF1aggregate Dosage calculation
A. to the aggregate compound meeting continuous grading requirement by multiple coarse-fine aggregate assembly, the folk prescription gross mass of aggregate
m a, SF1calculate by following formula 27:
Formula 27,
;
Single particles is calculated by formula 28
d ifolk prescription quality;
Formula 28,
;
B. to only by the calculating of the aggregate compound folk prescription quality of a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate assembly:
The folk prescription consumption of fine aggregate is determined by following formula 29:
Formula 29,
;
The folk prescription consumption of coarse aggregate is determined by following formula 30:
Formula 30,
;
In formula:
m a, SF1for the quality of fine aggregate in every cubic metre of autodensing concrete almixture, kg;
m ca, SF1for the quality of coarse aggregate in every cubic metre of autodensing concrete almixture, kg;
ρ fafor the apparent density of fine aggregate, kg/m
3;
ρ cafor the apparent density of coarse aggregate, kg/m
3;
Slump flow test meets self-compacting ability grade
sF3aggregate Dosage calculation
A. to the aggregate compound meeting continuous grading requirement by multiple coarse-fine aggregate assembly, the folk prescription gross mass of aggregate
m a, SF3calculate by following formula 31:
Formula 31,
;
Single particles is calculated by formula 32
d ifolk prescription quality;
Formula 32,
;
B. to only by the calculating of the aggregate compound folk prescription quality of a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate assembly:
The folk prescription consumption of fine aggregate is determined by following formula 33:
Formula 33,
;
The folk prescription consumption of coarse aggregate is determined by following formula 34:
Formula 34,
;
Slump flow test meets the aggregate Dosage calculation of self-compacting ability grade SF2
A. to the aggregate compound meeting continuous grading requirement by multiple coarse-fine aggregate assembly, the folk prescription gross mass of aggregate
m a, SF2calculate by following formula 35:
Formula 35,
;
Single particles is calculated by formula 36
d ifolk prescription quality;
Formula 36,
;
B. to only by the calculating of the aggregate compound folk prescription quality of a kind of coarse aggregate and a kind of fine aggregate assembly:
The folk prescription consumption of fine aggregate is determined by following formula 37:
Formula 37,
;
The folk prescription consumption of coarse aggregate is determined by following formula 38:
Formula 38,
;
(6) additive usage is determined,
Carry out calculating by additive usage in following formula 39 pairs of self-compacting concretes to determine:
Formula 39,
;
In formula:
m adfor additive usage in every cube of self-compacting concrete, kg;
β adfor admixture dosage, represent with the mass percent accounting for binder total amount, %;
(7) the actual addition of mixing water is determined,
When adopted additive is kind of liquid, need its water cut to deduct, the thus actual used water amount of self-compacting concrete
m wcarry out calculating according to following formula 40 to determine:
Formula 40,
;
In formula:
m wfor the actual interpolation quality of every cube of self-compacting concrete mixing water that satisfied actual self-compaction properties requires, kg;
αfor the solid content of liquid additive, %;
Take the consumption of coarse-fine aggregate, gel rubber material, water, additive in above-mentioned steps (2) ~ step (7) determined self-compacting concrete respectively, according to the feeding sequence of coarse-fine aggregate, Binder Materials, additive and water, after stirring, namely can be used for Practical Project.
2. autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Cement 28d compressive strength in step (2)
f bwhen failing to survey, strength of cement grade can be adopted
f ce, grespective value is multiplied by 1.1 and substitutes;
When mixing mineral admixture, consider that mineral admixture affects strength of cement, then
f bcalculate by following formula 2;
Formula 2,
;
In formula,
f ce, gfor strength of cement grade, units MPa;
k ifor the activity influence coefficient of mineral admixture;
β ifor the massfraction of mineral admixture;
nfor mixing the kind quantity of mineral admixture.
3. utilize the C50 self-compacting concrete described in claim 1 designed by autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method, it is characterized in that, the concrete self-compacting concrete every cube formula meeting different performance class requirement is listed as follows:
Biao Zhong material unit Kg:
Described cement is 42.5 grades of Portland cements, and described flyash is II grade of flyash; Described coarse aggregate is limestone gravel; Described fine aggregate is natural river sand; Described additive is solid content is 20%, the rate of mixing is the polycarboxylate water-reducer of 1.2%.
4. utilize the C60 self-compacting concrete described in claim 1 designed by autodensing concrete almixture mixing proportion design method, it is characterized in that, the concrete self-compacting concrete formula meeting different performance class requirement is listed as follows:
Described cement is 42.5 grades of Portland cements, and described flyash is II grade of flyash; Described aggregate comprises coarse aggregate and thin bone, and coarse aggregate is limestone gravel, and fine aggregate is natural river sand; Described additive is solid content is 20%, the rate of mixing is the polycarboxylate water-reducer of 1.2%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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