CN105210975B - The processing method in prawn Vibrio luminous disease pond - Google Patents
The processing method in prawn Vibrio luminous disease pond Download PDFInfo
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- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
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- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 27
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 4
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- 241000607618 Vibrio harveyi Species 0.000 description 3
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- AYIRNRDRBQJXIF-NXEZZACHSA-N (-)-Florfenicol Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C([C@@H](O)[C@@H](CF)NC(=O)C(Cl)Cl)C=C1 AYIRNRDRBQJXIF-NXEZZACHSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 241000554541 Crangon crangon Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241000357444 Epinephelus coioides Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000447727 Scabies Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607334 Vibrio mediterranei Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001148079 Vibrio splendidus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000036142 Viral infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000120737 Viscum fischeri Species 0.000 description 1
- UELITFHSCLAHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acibenzolar-S-methyl Chemical compound CSC(=O)C1=CC=CC2=C1SN=N2 UELITFHSCLAHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009089 cytolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003760 florfenicol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bisulfate Chemical compound [K+].OS([O-])(=O)=O CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000343 potassium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of processing method in the sick pond of prawn Vibrio luminous.The inventive method is the ecosystem characterization according to pond Vibrio luminous; to the pond for the prawn Vibrio luminous disease for having occurred and that dead initial stage; while pond waters salinity is desalinated; suppress Vibrio luminous using disinfectant; and discharge dead shrimp reduces propagation in pond, and protection water colour and prawn in time in time, finally reaches and all suppresses pond pathogen; to completing the processing to pond, prawn health is conducive to ingest growth.The inventive method selects new disinfectant, compared to traditional antibacterials are used, and can substantially reduce the interference grown to water body physical and chemical factor, algae, prawn.The inventive method have efficiently, low toxicity, the additive residence time is short, it is small on algae and water influence the characteristics of.The pond treatment method of the present invention, can be used for preventing and treating and handling other needs certain salinity could the pathogenetic pond of vibrios caused by the vibrios of normal growth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method of cultivating pool, specifically a kind of pond treatment side of prawn Vibrio luminous disease
Method, belongs to aquaculture processing technology field.
Background technology
Vibrio luminous disease is the big disease of the common harm in marine cultivation region.Common shrimp is caused a disease in seawater prawn culturing
Vibrio luminous belongs to vibrio（Vibrio）Have Vibrio harveyi（Vibrio harveyi）, beauty vibrios bion I (V.
splendidus biotype I）, Fermi operator（V.fischeri）With Mediterranean vibrios（V.mediterranei）Deng.Adult
Cephalothorax, the outside of belly of belly fluoresce before this for morbidity, and whole body lights when serious, causes the yellow gill, corpus hemorrhagicum, the enlargement of liver pancreas, it is rubescent,
The clinical symptoms such as turn white.There is onset speed fast, fatal rate is higher, can cause disease in prawn seed-rearing, cultivation different phase, south
It is most commonly in penaeus vannamei cultivation in 35 ~ 55 days that put after seedling cultivation.
Treatment for Vibrio luminous disease is typically to use various antibacterials.Various antibacterials are equal to suppressing the vibrios
It is effective, the wherein antibiotic such as Florfenicol, the mode such as disinfecting has certain effect, still, in Penaeus Vannmei large area
In cultivation morbidity, these measures produce little effect, and Vibrio luminous disease is caused a long delay, and can not be completely cured for a long time, and one has unfavorable conditions,
Just outburst massive mortality, also results in the generation such as secondary disease such as virosis, and can not continue cultivation eventually.
To find out its cause, mainly have it is following some：1）Prawn is ingested disease shrimp and dead shrimp, and cause of disease is largely disposably infected, reason
It is the habit that prawn kills and devour mutually, so making disposably to kill and devour just there are a large amount of pathogens to enter health or slight pair of the state of an illness
Shrimp, disease is intensification rapidly, treatment is completely cured as impossible；2）Aquatic animal medicine is delivered and feed efficiency is extremely low, big portion
Divide medicine to be efficiently entering in prawn body, and be dissolved in water body；3）Ill prawn ingests extreme difference, and medicine of ingesting is also less,
This results in an important technical problem, and the medicine for suppressing bacterium is probably optimal treatment side by way of water body bathes medicine
Formula；4）Easily produce the drug resistance to delivering medicine；5）Even if by way of dipping, making a certain amount of medicine reach animal body
Interior, its therapeutic effect still can not reach the result that death is greatly reduced；Therefore, research ecological condition and water body physico chemical factor
It is necessary to suppress cause of disease；6）2 disinfectants used above, water ecosystem is all destroyed, the increase of growth of pathogenic bacteria concentration,
It is important for how restoring ecological condition physics and chemistry level in time；7）Dead prawn is the fast larger individual of growth, dead for a long time
（It is dead steathily）, lose culture benefit；8）Processing procedure or lysis delay time are oversize（10-30 days）, while water body physics and chemistry
The acute variation of condition, causes the shell of prawn, serious hindrance of ingesting, and triggers problem.
Existing Penaeus Vannmei Vibrio luminous disease processing mode, is not reaching to effective treatment, it is impossible to be completely cured, so many
Number pathogenic infection breaking-out disease, with failure, does not control, abandons terminating, the lighter purpose for not preventing above to break out again.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of processing method in the sick pond of prawn Vibrio luminous, this method is sent out according to pond
The ecosystem characterization of arc of lighting bacterium, in the pond for having infected prawn Vibrio luminous disease initial stage, by desalinate pond waters salinity,
Add disinfectant to suppress to propagate in Vibrio luminous, in time discharge dead shrimp reduction pond, in time protection water colour and prawn, to the disease in pond
Opportunistic pathogen, which is realized, all to be suppressed, and is obtained prawn health and is ingested the breeding environment of growth；This method can substantially reduce to water body physics and chemistry because
Son, algae, the interference of prawn growth, with efficient, low toxicity, the additive residence time is short, it is small on algae and water influence the characteristics of.
Technical scheme is as follows：A kind of processing method in the sick pond of prawn Vibrio luminous, comprises the following steps：
（1）In prawn culturing pond, it is found that prawn Vibrio luminous disease has begun to, have prawn dead or prawn floats
Afterwards, draining first, in 6 hours water level arrange it is low to middle part far from pond bottom 60-80cm；In reduction water level process, by pond
In whole aerators open rotation, the same day dead prawn complete liquidation was gone out pond, and floating prawn is pulled out pond；Will
Dead and floating prawn, which is concentrated, to be destroyed；
（2）In the pond of above-mentioned reduction water level, the epsom salt of 1 ~ 2kg/ mus of rice is delivered immediately, then delivers food
Level 100g/ mus of rice of citric acid, 100g/ mus of rice of food-grade malic acid；
（3）Continue 100 ~ 250g/ mus of rice of ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfate piece disinfectant of dispensing 98% after 1h；
（4）After disinfectant is added, open aerator and rotate 1 ~ 2h, after adding fresh water, plus fresh water time to pond after 4 ~ 8h
Control is in 12 ~ 24h, plus fresh water is to 1 meter of water surface distance pond edge depth, pond waters salinity decrease 2 ~ 5 ‰；
（5）Pond water level is returned to after 1 meter of edge depth, and 600g/ mus of sodium humate, zeolite powder 10kg/ are successively added immediately
Mu；After 4 ~ 8h, the epsom salt of 1 ~ 2kg/ mus of rice is delivered, then delivers 100g/ mus of rice of food-grade citric acid, food-grade apple
Sour 100g/ mus of rice；The kg/ mus of rice of sodium acid carbonate 5 are delivered, 25kg/ mus of rice of dolomite dust make water body water colour normal；
（6）Water body ammonia nitrogen numerical value is detected, as water body ammonia nitrogen numerical value >=0.8mg/L, the mesh of granularity 200, ammonia absorption value 100mg is delivered
20kg/ mus of rice of zeolite powder above, and in the prawn feed that every meal is delivered, increase the sucrose of bait 10%；
（7）During pond treatment, prawn is according to normal management bait throwing in, and the fresh flesh of fish that bait 1% is added in bait is made
Half-mature fish pastes, strengthen bait attractant, reduce prawn and ingest dead prawn chance；
（8）In step（7）While, increase amino acid calcium, vitamin, trace element, except necessity changes water reduction in bait
Salt is outside one's consideration, and is reduced unnecessary stimulation, is prevented prawn continuous husking；
（9）During pond treatment, dead shrimp is concentrated in the middle part of the pond by oxygenator in pond, every draining in 2 hours once, together
When discharge dead shrimp；Anti-escape network fine and closely woven in the middle of pond is removed, prevents shrimp shell and dead shrimp from stopping draining and discharge dead shrimp；
（10）Pass through above-mentioned steps（1）~（9）Processing after, keep 48 ~ 72h, during this period, according to water colour, deliver amino
1 ~ 2kg/ mus of rice of sour fertilizer, 50 ~ 100g/ mus of rice of phosphate maintain water body algae color；
The pond should have mulch film, and nearly square or circular pan bottom, salt-fresh water is convenient, and 2 ~ 5 mu of area is configured by 2/mu
Aerator, can be rotated by aerator, drive current, from pond in the middle of strength blowdown；It is right in vain that South America is delivered in every mouthful of pond
The cultivation density of shrimp shrimp seedling is 10 ~ 150,000 tails/mu.
Further, during processing, the Tilapia mossambica 15 of 15 ~ 25 centimeter lengths by seawater acclimation can be delivered in pond
~ 20 tails/mu rice.
Using above-mentioned steps（1）~（9）Processing, it is impossible to, need to be according still further to step when suppressing the death of prawn（1）~（9）Enter
The processing that row second is taken turns, reduction salinity, control bacterium.During the second wheel processing, exchonge step（3）Disinfectant and its consumption be：
20% 85 ~ 170ml of glutaral disinfectant solution/mu rice, remaining operates same step（1）~（9）.
The death of prawn can not still be suppressed as the second wheel is handled, then repeat step（1）~（9）Method, then carry out third round
Processing, fourth round processing, by two ~ tetra- processing, until pond waters salinity decrease is to 3 ~ 5 ‰, keep cultivation.
When carrying out third round processing, fourth round processing, step per treatment（3）Process, need to change a kind of disinfectant, excellent
The disinfectant and its consumption of choosing are following one kind：85 ~ 170ml/ mus of rice of glutaral disinfectant solution of concentration 20% or concentration 15%
Chlorine dioxide powder 100g ~ 150g/1000m3Or 98% 100 ~ 250g of ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfate tablet/mu rice.
The present invention processing method be suitable for water salinity ＞ 5 ‰ and≤20 ‰, occur Vibrio luminous disease prawn support
Grow pond；Be not suitable for water salinity ＞ 20 ‰ ,≤5 ‰, generation Vibrio luminous disease prawn culturing pond.
The processing method of the present invention is applied to cultivate 30 ~ 45, containing 4 ~ 7 centimetres of body length, has infected Vibrio luminous, place
In the processing of the cultivating pool of the prawn at period of disease initial stage.The processing method of the present invention is applied to pond waters temperature 28 ~ 35
DEG C pond, be not suitable for pond of the pond waters temperature at 23 ~ 28 DEG C.
Fresh water used herein should meet water quality standard for fishery（GB11607-89）Breeding water requirement.
The explanation of processing method of the present invention：The disease prawn infected by Vibrio luminous, disease is rapid.1 ~ 3 day in early days,
Prawn body transparency is reduced, and is ingested unstable, and bait is ingested reduction, now, and the pond water surface begins with feebly float upper
Floating prawn, pond just starts dead shrimp occur, can take out the dead tail of prawn 1 ~ 20 from every mouthful of pond middle part square-shaped fishing net with poles as supports net daily.To death
The culture on the TCBS culture mediums of 30 DEG C of the temperature of 20 degree of salinity of prawn muscle and body fluid, liver has vibrios, and in dark place, observation has
Fluorescence.Sustainable 15 ~ 20 days using the processing time of processing method of the present invention.Under Low-salinity 3 ~ 5 ‰, prawn grows into 50 ~
During 60 age in days, Vibrio luminous is controlled in pond waters and prawn body.After method processing by the present invention, pond water
The Vibrio luminous of body and prawn organ in culture dish culture is 0 counting, and pond dead shrimp is not present, does not float and floated with powerless
Shrimp.
Disease of the present invention, when starting, every mouthful of pond prawn mortality is about middle part daily 1 ~ 20 tail of square-shaped fishing net with poles as supports net, is opened
After beginning processing, mortality should keep not increasing or be gradually reduced after water salinity is reduced to below 10 ‰.If fruit increases dead
The amount of dying arrives daily 20 ~ 50 tail of square-shaped fishing net with poles as supports net or more in the middle part of every mouthful of pond, or is reduced to less than 5 ‰ in water salinity, continues to increase
Death, or water salinity be less than 5 ‰, cultivation age in days more than 55 days, continue to death, just must take into consideration scabies secondary infection or
Other pathogen infections or water body chemical factors deteriorate or prawn physiological function major injuries evil, should take unrelated to the invention its
His processing mode.
The present invention handles water body using disinfectant, without using antibacterials.Requirement to disinfectant sterilization processing is to water
Body physical and chemical factor and algae, prawn have minimum interference, or this interference can recover by rapid conditioning.Present invention choosing
Select 98% potassium acid sulfate and be combined salt powder, the chlorine dioxide powder of concentration more than 10% and 20%（25%）Content glutaraldehyde is sterilized
Agent, these disinfectants have a new, efficient, low toxicity, the characteristics of residence time is short, particularly influence small to algae and water, can be with
Recovered rapidly by delivering other articles for use.
The effective measures for keeping water body particularly marine culture water pH are culture planktonic algaes, and the relatively low cultivation of salinity
The crucial raising water body basicity of water body culture water colour, therefore the present invention takes the mode culture water colour such as dolomite dust.
The pond treatment mode of the present invention, can be used for preventing and treating the vibrios of the certain salinity ability normal growth of other needs
Caused vibriosis, but the disease of prawn of virus infection is easily induced in this processing mode, therefore, the present invention is right
Water temperature, disease of prawn is lapsed to, Cure, it is proposed that it is required that；Secondly clean water source is particularly significant, otherwise, less salt
Under degree, some fresh water bacteria diseases also result in problem；Besides rapidly reduce salinity, continuous sterilization processing, prawn stress reaction
Acutely, notice that rhythm and amplitude in protection, control process repeatedly are just particularly significant.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below by embodiment, these embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention, and
Do not limit the scope of the invention.
The mulch pond of 12 mouthfuls of prawn culturings of embodiment, 5 mu of area configures 10 aerators, and salt water is sea area sea
Water, 17 ~ 25 degree of salinity, fresh water is the underground water of 150 meters of underground, meets water quality standard for fishery（GB11607-89）Cultivation use
Water requirement.Pond is middle blowdown.150,000 tails of Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling/mu is thrown in pond, and prawn density is high density culture type.
Vibrio luminous disease occurs for cultivation 35 days, the prawn that 4 ~ 7 centimetres of body length.Morbidity shrimp floats floats with powerless, floating shrimp
Body is rubescent, root reddening, there is dead shrimp in the middle part of pond.The body of dead shrimp visible fluorescence in the dark.To prawn muscle and body fluid,
Liver is cultivated on 20 degree of TCBS culture mediums of salinity vibrios, and dark place observation has fluorescence.
Culture according to《Primary Jie Shi Bacteria Identifications handbook》9th edition, document《Epinephelus coioides pathogen（Breathe out Vickers arc
Bacterium）Separation and identification》（Old to offer original text, Wu Shuqin, stone deposits refined etc., Chinese aquatic science, 11 (4)：313 ~ 317,2004）, identification
For Vibrio harveyi.
The season pond waters temperature is in 28 ~ 35 DEG C of scopes.The cultivation pond waters salinity of the morbidity same day on the 35th 17 ‰, edge
1.2 meters of the depth of water.The pond is handled using following processing method：
（1）Draining first, in 6 hours water level arrange it is low to middle part far from bottom 80cm, will be complete in reduction water level process
The same day dead whole prawns, are cleaned out pond, and floating prawn is all pulled out pond by portion's aerator rotation；It is dead and upper
Floating prawn, which is concentrated, to be destroyed；
（2）10kg epsom salt, food-grade citric acid 500g, food-grade malic acid 500g are delivered immediately in every mouthful of pond；
（3）The g of 98% ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfate tablet 1000 is delivered after 1 hour；Aerator rotates 1h；
（4）Add fresh water, plus fresh water time about 12h to pond after 4h, until 1 meter of the pond edge depth of water, salinity decrease is
12‰；
（5）Every mouthful of pond adds sodium humate 3kg, the kg of zeolite powder 50 immediately, puts into respectively；After 4h, in every mouthful of pond,
10kg epsom salt is delivered, food-grade citric acid 1000g, food-grade malic acid 1000g are put into respectively；Carbonic acid is delivered again
Hydrogen sodium 25kg, dolomite dust 100kg, inspection show that water body basicity is normal, and micro algae growth is good；
（6）Detection water body ammonia nitrogen value shows that water body ammonia nitrogen is 0.9mg/L, and more than 200 mesh ammonia absorption value 100mg are delivered per pond
Zeolite powder 100kg；
（7）During disease processing, prawn is according to normal management bait throwing in, and the fresh flesh of fish that bait 1% is added in bait is made
Half-mature fish pastes；
（8）Simultaneously in the bait that every meal is delivered, increase by 10% sucrose of bait, the solid shell of appropriate addition amino acid calcium
Treasured, increases vitamin, trace element in right amount；
（9）Oxygenator in pond concentrates dead shrimp in the middle part of the pond, every draining in 2 hours once, while discharging dead shrimp；
（10）Such a situation 48h is kept, during this period, according to water colour, amino acid fertilizer 5kg, phosphate 500g are delivered per pond,
Maintain water body algae color；
（11）After 48h, repeat step 1 ~ 9 starts the second wheel reduction water level, and the processing of repeat step 1 ~ 9 pond carries out step 3
When, sterilized per pond using 20% glutaral disinfectant solution 850ml, it is 8 ‰ to enter fresh water reduction salinity, and remaining operation is identical；
（12）Again after recovery water levelx, kept for 72 hours, third round reduction water level, the processing of repeat step 1 ~ 9 pond is carried out
During step 3, per pond using the g sterilizations of dispensing 98% ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfate tablet 1000, plus fresh water reduction salinity is 3 ‰, its
Remaining operation is identical；
（13）Low-salinity 3 ‰ is kept to cultivate 15, Vibrio luminous is controlled in pond waters, prawn body, specific table
The Vibrio luminous culture for being now water body and prawn organ is 0, and pond dead shrimp is not present, and does not float and the powerless shrimp floated, takes the photograph
Food and growth are normal.
After when starting, each pond prawn lethal dose is about 1 ~ 20 tail, start to process, mortality keeps not increasing, in water
Body salinity is gradually reduced after reducing to less than 10 ‰.The method of the present embodiment suppresses bacterial concentration, control by using disinfectant
Illness outbreak, reduces the salinity of pond waters during this period, cultivates water colour, Vibrio luminous is lost the basic bar of its growth and breeding
Part, so that disease is controlled and treated.
The mulch pond of 22 mouthfuls of prawn culturings of embodiment, 4 mu of area configures 8 aerators, and salt water is sea area seawater,
17 ~ 25 degree of salinity, fresh water is the underground water of 150 meters of underground, meets water quality standard for fishery（GB11607-89）Breeding water will
Ask.Pond is middle blowdown.100,000 tails of Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling/mu is thrown in pond, and prawn density is high density culture type.
Vibrio luminous disease occurs for cultivation 40 days, the prawn that 4 ~ 7 centimetres of body length.Morbidity shrimp floats floats with powerless, floating shrimp
Body is rubescent, root reddening, there is dead shrimp in the middle part of pond.The body of dead shrimp visible fluorescence in the dark.To prawn muscle and body fluid,
Liver is cultivated on 20 degree of TCBS culture mediums of salinity vibrios, and dark place observation has fluorescence.Identified, culture is Kazakhstan Vickers arc
Bacterium.
The season pond waters temperature is in 28 ~ 35 DEG C of scopes.The cultivation pond waters salinity of the morbidity same day on the 40th 15 ‰, edge
1.0 meters of the depth of water.The pond is handled using following processing method：
（1）In prawn culturing pond, it is found that prawn Vibrio luminous disease has begun to, have prawn dead or prawn floats
Afterwards, draining first, in 6 hours water level arrange it is low to middle part far from pond bottom 70cm；In reduction water level process, by pond
Whole aerators open rotation, the same day dead prawn complete liquidation are gone out pond, and floating prawn is pulled out pond；By death
Concentrate and destroy with floating prawn；
（2）In the pond of above-mentioned reduction water level, 4kg epsom salt is delivered immediately, then delivers food-grade citric acid
400g, food-grade malic acid 400g；
（3）Continue the ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfate piece disinfectant 800g of dispensing 98% after 1h；
（4）Add disinfectant after, open aerator rotation 2h, after after 4h to pond plus fresh water, plus fresh water time control
In 12 ~ 24h, plus fresh water is to 1 meter of water surface distance pond edge depth, pond waters salinity decrease 2 ~ 5 ‰；
（5）Pond water level is returned to after 1 meter of edge depth, and sodium humate 600g, zeolite powder 40kg are successively added immediately；6h
Afterwards, 32kg epsom salt is delivered, then delivers food-grade citric acid 400g, food-grade malic acid 400g；Deliver sodium acid carbonate
20 kg, dolomite dust 100kg, make water body water colour normal；
（6）Water body ammonia nitrogen numerical value >=0.8mg/L is detected, the mesh of granularity 200, more than ammonia absorption value 100mg zeolite powder is delivered
80kg, and in the prawn feed that every meal is delivered, increase the sucrose of bait 10%；
（7）During pond treatment, prawn is according to normal management bait throwing in, and the fresh flesh of fish that bait 1% is added in bait is made
Half-mature fish pastes, strengthen bait attractant, reduce prawn and ingest dead prawn chance；
（8）In step（7）While, increase amino acid calcium, vitamin, trace element, except necessity changes water reduction in bait
Salt is outside one's consideration, and is reduced unnecessary stimulation, is prevented prawn continuous husking；
（9）During pond treatment, dead shrimp is concentrated in the middle part of the pond by oxygenator in pond, every draining in 2 hours once, together
When discharge dead shrimp；Anti-escape network fine and closely woven in the middle of pond is removed, prevents shrimp shell and dead shrimp from stopping draining and discharge dead shrimp；
（10）Such a situation 40h is kept, during this period, according to water colour, amino acid fertilizer 4kg, phosphate 400g are delivered per pond,
Maintain water body algae color；
（11）After 48h, repeat step 1 ~ 9 starts the second wheel reduction water level, and the processing of repeat step 1 ~ 9 pond carries out step 3
When, make chlorine dioxide powder 100g ~ 150g/1000m of concentration 15% per pond3Sterilization, it is 8 ‰ to enter fresh water reduction salinity, remaining behaviour
Make identical；
（12）Again after recovery water levelx, kept for 72 hours, third round reduction water level, the processing of repeat step 1 ~ 9 pond is carried out
During step 3, it is using 98% ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfate tablet 100g of dispensing/mu rice sterilization, plus fresh water reduction salinity per pond
3 ‰, remaining operation is identical；
（13）Low-salinity 3 ‰ is kept to cultivate 15, Vibrio luminous is controlled in pond waters, prawn body, specific table
The Vibrio luminous culture for being now water body and prawn organ is 0, and pond dead shrimp is not present, and does not float and the powerless shrimp floated, takes the photograph
Food and growth are normal.
The mulch pond of 32 mouthfuls of prawn culturings of embodiment, 3 mu of area configures 6 aerators, and salt water is sea area seawater,
17 ~ 25 degree of salinity, fresh water is the underground water of 150 meters of underground, meets water quality standard for fishery（GB11607-89）Breeding water will
Ask.Pond is middle blowdown.120,000 tails of Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling/mu is thrown in pond, and prawn density is high density culture type.
Vibrio luminous disease occurs for cultivation 30 days, the prawn that 4 ~ 7 centimetres of body length.Morbidity shrimp floats floats with powerless, floating shrimp
Body is rubescent, root reddening, there is dead shrimp in the middle part of pond.The body of dead shrimp visible fluorescence in the dark.To prawn muscle and body fluid,
Liver is cultivated on 20 degree of TCBS culture mediums of salinity vibrios, and dark place observation has fluorescence.Identified, culture is Kazakhstan Vickers arc
Bacterium.
The season pond waters temperature is in 28 ~ 35 DEG C of scopes.The cultivation pond waters salinity of the morbidity same day on the 30th 12 ‰, edge
1.1 meters of the depth of water.The pond is handled using following processing method：
（1）In prawn culturing pond, it is found that prawn Vibrio luminous disease has begun to, have prawn dead or prawn floats
Afterwards, draining first, in 6 hours water level arrange it is low to middle part far from pond bottom 60cm；In reduction water level process, by pond
Whole aerators open rotation, the same day dead prawn complete liquidation are gone out pond, and floating prawn is pulled out pond；By death
Concentrate and destroy with floating prawn；
（2）In the pond of above-mentioned reduction water level, 6kg epsom salt is delivered immediately, then delivers food-grade citric acid
300g, food-grade malic acid 300g；
（3）Continue the ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfate piece disinfectant 750g of dispensing 98% after 1h；
（4）After disinfectant is added, aerator rotation 1.5h is opened, after to pond plus fresh water, plus the fresh water time is controlled after 8h
System is in 12 ~ 24h, plus fresh water is to 1 meter of water surface distance pond edge depth, pond waters salinity decrease 2 ~ 5 ‰；
（5）Pond water level is returned to after 1 meter of edge depth, and sodium humate 600g, zeolite powder 30kg are successively added immediately；8h
Afterwards, 3kg epsom salt is delivered, then delivers food-grade citric acid 300g, food-grade malic acid 300g；Deliver sodium acid carbonate 15
Kg, dolomite dust 75kg, make water body water colour normal；
（6）Detect water body ammonia nitrogen numerical value, water body ammonia nitrogen numerical value >=0.8mg/L, deliver granularity 200 mesh, ammonia absorption value 100mg with
On zeolite powder 60kg, and it is every meal deliver prawn feed in, increase bait 10% sucrose；
（7）During pond treatment, prawn is according to normal management bait throwing in, and the fresh flesh of fish that bait 1% is added in bait is made
Half-mature fish pastes, strengthen bait attractant, reduce prawn and ingest dead prawn chance；
（8）In step（7）While, increase amino acid calcium, vitamin, trace element, except necessity changes water reduction in bait
Salt is outside one's consideration, and is reduced unnecessary stimulation, is prevented prawn continuous husking；
（9）During pond treatment, dead shrimp is concentrated in the middle part of the pond by oxygenator in pond, every draining in 2 hours once, together
When discharge dead shrimp；Anti-escape network fine and closely woven in the middle of pond is removed, prevents shrimp shell and dead shrimp from stopping draining and discharge dead shrimp；
（10）Such a situation 72h is kept, during this period, according to water colour, amino acid fertilizer 6kg, phosphate 300g are delivered per pond,
Maintain water body algae color；
（11）After 48h, repeat step 1 ~ 9 starts the second wheel reduction water level, and the processing of repeat step 1 ~ 9 pond carries out step 3
When, per pond using 20% 85 ~ 170ml of glutaral disinfectant solution/mu rice sterilization, it is 8 ‰ to enter fresh water reduction salinity, remaining operation phase
Together；
（12）Again after recovery water levelx, kept for 72 hours, third round reduction water level, the processing of repeat step 1 ~ 9 pond is carried out
During step 3, sterilized per pond using dispensing 250g/ mus of rice of 98% ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfate tablet, plus fresh water reduction salinity is
3 ‰, remaining operation is identical；
（13）Low-salinity 3 ‰ is kept to cultivate 15, Vibrio luminous is controlled in pond waters, prawn body, specific table
The Vibrio luminous culture for being now water body and prawn organ is 0, and pond dead shrimp is not present, and does not float and the powerless shrimp floated, takes the photograph
Food and growth are normal.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of pond treatment method of prawn Vibrio luminous disease, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
（1）In prawn culturing pond, it is found that prawn Vibrio luminous disease has begun to, have after prawn death or prawn floating,
Draining first, in 6 hours water level arrange it is low to middle part far from pond bottom 60-80cm；In reduction water level process, by pond
Whole aerators open rotation, the same day dead prawn complete liquidation are gone out pond, and floating prawn is pulled out pond；By death
Concentrate and destroy with floating prawn；
（2）In the pond of above-mentioned reduction water level, the epsom salt of 1 ~ 2kg/ mus of rice is delivered immediately, then delivers food-grade lemon
Lemon 100g/ mus of rice of acid, 100g/ mus of rice of food-grade malic acid；
（3）Continue 100 ~ 250g/ mus of rice of ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfate piece disinfectant of dispensing 98%；
（4）After disinfectant is added, open aerator and rotate 1 ~ 2h, after adding fresh water, plus fresh water time control to pond after 4 ~ 8h
In 12 ~ 24h, plus fresh water is to 1 meter of water surface distance pond edge depth, pond waters salinity decrease 2 ~ 5 ‰；
（5）Pond water level is returned to after 1 meter of edge depth, and 600g/ mus of sodium humate, 10kg/ mus of zeolite powder are successively added immediately；4~
After 8h, the epsom salt of 1 ~ 2kg/ mus of rice is delivered, then delivers 100g/ mus of rice of food-grade citric acid, food-grade malic acid
100g/ mus of rice；The kg/ mus of rice of sodium acid carbonate 5 are delivered, 25kg/ mus of rice of dolomite dust make water body water colour normal；
（6）Water body ammonia nitrogen numerical value is detected, as water body ammonia nitrogen numerical value >=0.8mg/L, the mesh of granularity 200, more than ammonia absorption value 100mg is delivered
20kg/ mus of rice of zeolite powder, and it is every meal deliver prawn feed in, increase bait 10% sucrose；
（7）During pond treatment, prawn adds the fresh flesh of fish of bait 1% is made half according to normal management bait throwing in bait
Ripe fish pastes, strengthen bait attractant, reduce prawn and ingest dead prawn chance；
（8）In step（7）While, increase amino acid calcium, vitamin, trace element, except necessity changes water reduction salinity in bait
Outside, unnecessary stimulation is reduced, prawn continuous husking is prevented；
（9）During pond treatment, dead shrimp is concentrated in the middle part of pond by oxygenator in pond, every draining in 2 hours once, is arranged simultaneously
Go out dead shrimp；Anti-escape network fine and closely woven in the middle of pond is removed, prevents shrimp shell and dead shrimp from stopping draining and discharge dead shrimp；
（10）Pass through above-mentioned steps（1）~（9）Processing after, keep 48 ~ 72h, during this period, according to water colour, deliver amino acid fertilizer
1 ~ 2kg/ mus of rice, 50 ~ 100g/ mus of rice of phosphate maintain water body algae color；
The pond has mulch film, and square or circular base, salt-fresh water is convenient, and 2 ~ 5 mu of area is configured with aerator by 2/mu,
It can be rotated by aerator, drive current, from pond centre strength blowdown；Deliver supporting for Penaeus Vannmei shrimp seedling in every mouthful of pond
Density is grown for 10 ~ 150,000 tails/mu.
2. processing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：During pond treatment, deliver and pass through in pond
15 ~ 20 tails of Tilapia mossambica of 15 ~ 25 centimeter lengths of seawater acclimation/mu rice.
3. processing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Pass through the step（1）~（9）Processing, it is impossible to press down
During the death of prawn processed, according to step（1）~（9）The processing of the second wheel is carried out, during the second wheel processing, step is carried out（3）Use
Disinfectant and its consumption are：20% 85 ~ 170ml of glutaral disinfectant solution/mu rice, remaining operates same step（1）~（9）.
4. processing method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Prawn can not still be suppressed by being handled by second wheel
Death when, repeat step（1）~（9）Method, third round processing, fourth round processing are carried out, until pond waters salinity decrease
To after 3 ~ 5 ‰, cultivation is kept；When carrying out third round processing, fourth round processing, change and carry out step every time（3）What is used disappears
Toxic agent.
5. processing method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The third round processing, the sterilization of fourth round processing
Agent and its consumption are following one kind：The chlorine dioxide powder of 20% glutaral disinfectant solution of concentration, 85 ~ 170ml/ mus of rice or concentration 15%
Agent 100g ~ 150g/1000m3Or 98% 100 ~ 250g of ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfate tablet/mu rice.
6. processing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step be used for water salinity ＞ 5 ‰ and≤
20 ‰, occur Vibrio luminous disease prawn culturing pond processing.
7. processing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step is used to cultivate 30 ~ 45, long containing body
4 ~ 7 centimetres, infected Vibrio luminous, the processing of the cultivating pool of prawn in period of disease initial stage.
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| 对虾育苗中荧光病的发生与防治;国俭文等;《科学养鱼》;20030430(第4期);全文 * |
| 柠檬酸对三种常见水产病原菌的抑菌作用;石玉新等;《饲料工业》;20050630;第26卷(第6期);全文 * |
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