CN105196549A - Parallel multistation type 3D printer - Google Patents
Parallel multistation type 3D printer Download PDFInfo
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- CN105196549A CN105196549A CN201510710215.7A CN201510710215A CN105196549A CN 105196549 A CN105196549 A CN 105196549A CN 201510710215 A CN201510710215 A CN 201510710215A CN 105196549 A CN105196549 A CN 105196549A
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel parallel multistation type 3D printer suitable for a rapid prototyping technology. The novel parallel multistation type 3D printer includes a computer, a bracket, a 3D printer set, and a conveyor belt system, wherein the 3D printer set comprises 3D printers arranged on multiple stations side by side according to needs, printing tasks are regulated and controlled by the computer, and the parallel type assembly line printing is realized. During single small batch production, tasks of the printers on all the stations can be guaranteed to be distributed evenly, and workers can be allowed to perform uniform ordered post-treatment on printed parts. A traditional intermittent working way is changed, the production efficiency is improved, the production cost is reduced, the product development cycle is accelerated, and the parallel multistation type 3D printer has important application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rapid shaping technique field, particularly the novel parallel multistation formula industrial production 3D printer of one.
Background technology
Rapid shaping technique is the technology general name passing through successively to manufacture production product based on three-dimensional CAD model data that fast development is in recent years got up, and is one of representative art of the third time industrial revolution.Its Advantages found manufactures at Digitized manufacturing and dimensionality reduction layer, so greatly reduce the difficulty of manufacture, for the part product that internal structure is more complicated, its advantage is also more obvious.
Current rapid shaping technique is widely used in the fields such as biologic medical, Aero-Space, automobile making, but be not yet applied to large-scale industrial production manufacture, main cause is that existing rapid shaping industrial production technology is also immature, and manufacturing cost is high, and production efficiency is low.No matter be national strategy development or manufacturing reform in fact, its latent demand for this rapid shaping technique suitability for industrialized production is all huge.Therefore, research one should be puted forth effort and be suitable for the industrial novel parallel multistation formula 3D printer of rapid shaping technique, enhance productivity energetically, accelerate the industrial applications advancing rapid shaping technique.
Rapid shaping technique is that the one utilizing rapid forming equipment directly mathematical model to be converted into finished product in kind manufactures mode.So-called rapid forming equipment is then a kind of can be directly the machine of final finished product in kind by Any Digit model conversation.
Current its general principle of main flow rapid shaping technique is all layered manufacturing, in X-Y plane, formed the cross sectional shape of workpiece by scanning form by rapid prototyping machine, and the displacement of slice thickness is done discontinuously at Z coordinate, finally form three dimensional articles, mainly contain following several mode:
3DP technology: adopt the 3D printer of 3DP technology to use standard ink jet inks printing technique, by liquid union body is laid on powder thin layer, each parts are successively created in the mode printing cross-sectional data, create three-dimensional entity model, the instance model of this technology printing shaping is adopted to have same color with actual product, color analysis result directly can also be depicted on model, the information that model sample transmits is larger.
FDM fusion stacking forming technique: FDM fusion stacking forming technique is by thread heat-fusible materials heating and melting, three-dimensional shower nozzle under control of the computer simultaneously, according to cross section profile information, material selectivity is applied on the table, form a layer cross section after cooling fast.After one formable layer completes, machine operation platform declines one deck under height (i.e. lift height) reshaping, until form whole solid modelling.Its moulding material kind is many, and profiled member intensity is high, precision is higher, is mainly applicable to shaping small plastic part.
SLA stereolithography techniques: SLA stereolithography techniques take photosensitive resin as raw material, control laser by computer and carry out point by point scanning by each layering cross section information of part on the photosensitive resin surface of liquid state, produced photopolymerization reaction by the thin resin layer of scanning area and solidify, forming a thin layer of part.After one deck has solidified, workbench moves down the distance of a thickness, then applies the new liquid resin of one deck again, until obtain three-dimensional entity model at the resin surface be originally cured.The method shaping speed is fast, and automaticity is high, and can be shaped any complicated shape, and dimensional accuracy is high, is mainly used in complexity, high-precision delicate workpieces rapid shaping.
SLS precinct laser sintering technology: SLS precinct laser sintering technology is by spreading one deck dusty material (metal dust or non-metal powder) on the table in advance, then laser is allowed to sinter solid section powder according to interface profile information under the control of the computer, then constantly circulate, pile up shaping layer by layer.The method manufacturing process is simple, and material selection range is wide, and cost is lower, and shaping speed is fast, is mainly used in foundry industry and directly makes fast mould.
DLP laser formation technology: DLP laser formation technology is more similar with SLA stereolithography techniques, but it uses high-resolution Digital Light Processor (DLP) projecting apparatus to solidify liquid photopolymer, successively carry out photocuring, solidified by sheet like lantern slide due to during every layer of solidification, therefore speed is faster than SLA stereolithography techniques speed of the same type.This technology formed precision is high, the durable plastic material parts of the injection mo(u)lding that can be equal in material properties, details and surface smoothness.
UV ultraviolet forming technique: UV ultraviolet forming technique and SLA stereolithography techniques compare Similarity Class seemingly, UV Ultraviolet radiation liquid photosensitive resin is utilized unlike it, in layer from bottom to top storehouse is shaping, noise is not had to produce in shaping process, precision shaping in similar technique is the highest, is usually applied to the industries such as the high jewelry of required precision and phone housing.
But above-mentioned rapid shaping technique has print speed slow, effectively cannot meet the demand of producing; Be difficult to batch become to produce, become to produce high cost; The material used is subject to the problems such as the restriction of print form, and the part printed often needs to carry out artificial post-processed, and operating efficiency is not high.
Three-dimensional slice software conventional on the market at present has Cura, Makerbot, Kisslicer etc., but their function is all confined to carry out single from bottom to top cutting into slices to model, then slice of data is sent to printer to print, can not be distributed equally the time-write interval of model, and the section corresponding corresponding time period is sent to different printers respectively prints.
Streamline is also called assembly line, is a kind of industrial mode of production, refers to that each production unit is only absorbed in the work of the some fragments of process, to increase work efficiency and output; Substantially can be divided into according to the mode of movement of streamline: this seven classes streamline of belt assembly belt, plate chain line, double-speed chain, plug-in unit line, guipure line, suspension line and cylinder streamline.Generally comprise the compositions such as traction piece, bearing carrier, drive unit, swelling device, change course device and supporting member.Streamline extensibility is high, by Demand Design conveying capacity, transporting velocity, assembly station etc., can be used widely in existing enterprise.
Summary of the invention
For above defect or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of novel parallel multistation formula 3D printer being suitable for rapid shaping technique, its object is to efficiency when improving 3D printing production lot product, solve traditional 3D thus and print the low technical problem of production efficiency.When carrying out single and mini-batch production formula and producing, the printer task on all stations of can ensureing can mean allocation, and workman can be enable to be averaged orderly post processing to the parts printed, and concentrates post processing more to coordinate compared with concentrated printing.
One proposed by the invention walks abreast multistation formula 3D printer, it is characterized in that, comprises computer 101, support 103,3D groups of printers 104 and belt system 106;
Wherein 3D groups of printers 104 is 3D printers of multiple station placed side by side as required; Described 3D printer also comprises position-detection sensor 214, for the accurate location of model at each station;
3D groups of printers 104, belt system 106 are installed on support 103;
Belt system 106 comprises servomotor and conveyer belt 300; Servomotor is for driving conveyer belt; There is a pair draw-in groove 301 on conveyer belt 300 surface every a segment distance, and this draw-in groove 301 is for locating to printing substrate; Conveyer belt 300 surface between each draw-in groove is provided with one piece of phase magnet 302, phase magnet 302 adsorbs installation printing substrate 210, and for placing printer model, printing substrate is magnetic material; Printing substrate 210 lateral edges central point is provided with telltale mark 303; Position-detection sensor 214 is for detecting the position of every block printing substrate 210, with the printing substrate 210 of first station for benchmark, determined the bias of position relative to desired location of printing substrate 210 in follow-up 3D printer by the position detecting the telltale mark 303 on all the other stations;
Computer 101 is connected with each 3D printer of 3D groups of printers 104, threedimensional model for transmit operation instruction, and is cut into slices by computer 101, generates a series of band sequenced cross section profile figure, convert the code that 3D printer can identify to, deliver to each 3D printer and carry out print job;
During work, in computer 101, setting print speed v, i.e. shower nozzle translational speed, according to the quantity N of 3D printer in 3D groups of printers 104, is the model sub-block of N number of time-write interval equalization by printer model piecemeal; Each model sub-block data is generated the code that printer can identify, be sent in the printer of each station in 3D groups of printers 104 respectively; Start and print flow process, printing substrate slowly moves to below each station 3D printer under the effect of belt system 106, and the printer of each station starts to perform respective print out task; When the printer of all stations all completes print out task, conveyer belt 300 moves on; When last station printer completes printing, substrate motion is to conveyer belt end station, and the phase magnet 302 power-off demagnetization on the corresponding conveyer belt of this station, is pushed on operating platform 105 by model; Take out the output model on operating platform 105, complete print job.
Further, computer 1 in described parallel multistation formula 3D printer is according to shower nozzle translational speed and motion path, calculate and print each model sub-block required time, again all model sub-block time-write intervals are added to obtain and print parts total time T, according to the quantity N of station printer on production line, repartition model sub-block, make each model sub-block time-write interval be T/N.
Further, described parallel multistation formula 3D printer, it prints raw material and adopts thermoplastic.
Further, described parallel multistation formula 3D printer, its telltale mark 303 is a black stripe or one section of boss, produces color or shape difference, position-detection sensor 214 can be allowed to identify with other places of printing substrate 210 lateral edges.
Further, described parallel multistation formula 3D printer is in print job, and on each station, the position-detection sensor 214 of 3D printer adopts photoelectric sensor, the parallel coincidence of printing initial point of its mounting center and 3D printer on this station.
Further, described parallel multistation formula 3D printer is in print job, computer 101 carries out the compensation of equidistance to the print track of each station printer on offset direction, and the part that the part that the 3D printer of each station is printed can not print with a upper station 3D printer produces and misplaces.
Further, described parallel multistation formula 3D printer is in print job, when the position-detection sensor 214 on the first station aims at the telltale mark 303 on one piece of printing substrate 210, conveyer belt 300 stops transmission, and the position-detection sensor 214 on all the other stations detects the offset distance of all the other printing substrates 210 and in computer 101, carries out the compensation of print track.
The printer that the present invention proposes has following characteristics:
1. change existing batch (-type) operation scheme, divided by product multiple link to print, on a production line, each station printer prints the different piece of same part respectively;
2. there is a set of supporting product transmission mechanism, print for the product completing this link print out task is sent to next link by the self-supporting mode of substrate;
3. there is a set of automatic material blanking mechanism, for sending signal when printed material is not enough to computer, completing automatic blanking by control system.
4. have a set of detection recognition device, different model has different identification code, and this device for identifying the model of current printing, and completes printing in an orderly manner;
5. have a computer, operator can utilize this computer to produce whole batch type and control;
In general, the above technical scheme conceived by the present invention compared with prior art, owing to adopting 3D groups of printers print and in conjunction with control software design, print procedure carried out to the division of labor and the control of rational and orderly, can obtain following beneficial effect:
1, model batch type prints, and this parallel multistation formula 3D printer revolutionizes existing pattern, and batch type prints the feature more meeting modern industry and produce, and can make full use of human and material resources resource.
2, whole print procedure can be observed.Under this parallel multistation formula 3D printer in industrial processes, the complete transparence of printing of model, can observe the print procedure of each several part very clearly, convenient Timeliness coverage and solution when automatic industrial production just goes wrong, avoids the possibility occurring defective product in enormous quantities.
3, realize different parts and print different materials.In an actual product, because the actual work of each several part is different, to its intensity, hardness, attractive in appearance etc. require all not quite alike, material of different nature can be had by computer controlled built in different parts printing in this parallel multistation formula 3D printer, at utmost reduce printing cost and time.
4, by identification code model of cognition, complete individual character automated production is realized.In the present invention, proposition exclusive identification code identifies each model.When printing, the identity device on printer first carries out recognition and verification to identification code, then according to corresponding track printer model, realizes full automation and produces, can change identification code at any time to print other models simultaneously, more meet personalized demand of producing.
5., when printed material is not enough, automatically issue a signal to computer by printer, and carry out automatic blanking by computer by control system.
6. when a certain station printer print break down time (as motor blocks or insufficient raw material etc.), control system can automatically identify and feed back system, place station has a pusher that substrate is released conveyer belt automatically, avoids this substrate to enter next station.
7. parallel multistation formula is produced and is saved time.Under traditional mode, the work of printer is batch (-type) operation, printer prints a complete model, carry out following process after whole model has printed again and form product, the standby time of such manpower and printer is just many, also extend the production cycle of product, improve production cost.Meanwhile, be by manually getting the raw materials ready and blanking, the material preparatory period must being extended in traditional mode.And in parallel multistation formula 3D printer proposed by the invention, a part for a printer printer model, then be sent to next link to print, the cycle that such model prints just is shortened by multiple link decomposition, change traditional batch (-type) operating type simultaneously, and complete melting process by automatic blanking device, shorten the cycle of material preparation and loading and unloading, substantially increase production efficiency.Namely original printing interval is the time-write interval of a whole model, and printing interval is the time of a link in production of the present invention walks abreast multistation formula 3D printer, and printer adopts uninterrupted operating type, and melting process intelligence automatically.Following process can be carried out immediately after having printed, while reducing printing interval, also improve the utilization rate of human resources and printer.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is parallel multistation formula 3D printer schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is separate unit 3D printer arrangement schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is belt system schematic diagram;
The operating diagram of 3D printer when Fig. 4 is detecting sensor aligning telltale mark;
Fig. 5 is the operating diagram of detecting sensor 3D printer when detecting that telltale mark has a deviation;
Fig. 6 is 3D groups of printers operating diagram;
Fig. 7 is block model schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is 3D printer head print track;
In all of the figs, identical Reference numeral is used for representing identical element or structure, wherein:
In Fig. 1, all parts name is called: 101-computer, and 102-controls electric cabinet, 103-support, 104-3D groups of printers, 105-operating platform, 106-belt system.
In Fig. 2, all parts name is called: 201-printer casing, and 202-Z is to elevating screw, and 203-Z is to lifting motor, 204-feed conduit, 205-charging basket, 206-printhead fixed mount, 207-X is to mobile leading screw, 208-X to translation motor, 209-Y to line slideway, 210-printing substrate, 211-Y is to translation Timing Belt, 212-Y to translation motor, 213-printhead, 214-position-detection sensor.
In Fig. 3, all parts name is called: 300-conveyer belt, 301-draw-in groove, 302-phase magnet, 303-telltale mark.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, if below in described each embodiment of the present invention involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can mutually combine.
As shown in Figure 1, the 3D printer in the present embodiment comprises 8 modules, and 101 is computer.102 be system control electricity cabinet.103 is support, and 104 is 3D groups of printers, according to the printer of the needs of system multiple station placed side by side, below in embodiment 3D groups of printers have four 3D printers.105 is operating platforms.106 is belt systems, by the driven by servomotor of one end.3D groups of printers 104, operating platform 105, belt system 106 are all fixed on support 103.
Figure 2 shows that the detailed construction schematic diagram of each printer in groups of printers.Printer arrangement comprises: printer casing 201, Z-direction elevating screw 202, Z-direction lifting motor 203, feed conduit 204, charging basket 205, carries feeding motor and feeding mechanical mechanism in charging basket, printhead fixed mount 206, X is to mobile leading screw 207, X to translation motor 208, Y-direction line slideway 209, printing substrate 210, adopts stainless steel as baseplate material in the present embodiment, Y-direction translation Timing Belt, Y-direction translation motor 212, printhead 213, position-detection sensor 214.
Conveyer belt 300 structure as shown in Figure 3, there is a pair draw-in groove 301 on Timing Belt surface every a segment distance (strictly corresponding with the spacing of printer station), for locating to printing substrate, between each draw-in groove, conveyer belt 300 surface is provided with phase magnet 302, for being adjacent to conveyer belt 300 surface to printing substrate.Printing substrate 210 lateral edges central point there is telltale mark 303, in the present embodiment, telltale mark adopts the blackstreak of laser marking, width is 0.5mm, for the position detecting each station to position-detection sensor 214, in the present embodiment, position-detection sensor adopts photoelectric sensor, for calibrating the printer print track of each station.
Concrete steps of the invention process are as follows:
As shown in Figure 1, in a computer, (the present embodiment adopts Cura software by threedimensional model first to use three-dimensional slice software, input model form is STL form) cut into slices, press layer by computer to decompose, specific implementation principle is that computer intercepts cross section by certain thickness from the bottom to top to model, generate a series of band sequenced cross section profile figure from the bottom to top, to be originally embodied as example, input model is a basal diameter is 60mm, it is highly the circular cone of 70mm, three-dimensional slice software is cut into slices to model every 0.1mm in the height direction, raw 700 the cross section profile figure of common property, cross section profile figure adopts black and white BMP form to preserve.In three-dimensional slice software, setting print speed, i.e. shower nozzle translational speed, is 120mm/s in the present embodiment.To each cross section, the motion path of printer head adopts Contour offset mode to print, as Fig. 8.And task allocating module is added in three-dimensional slice software, detailed description of the invention is: according to shower nozzle translational speed and motion path, three-dimensional slice software calculates and prints each slicing layer required time Ti, again all individual layer time is added to obtain and prints parts total time T, printing separately a complete circle Based On The Conic Model in the present embodiment needs 20 minutes altogether.According to the quantity (in the present embodiment being four) of station on production line (printer), time-write interval is divided into 4 equal portions, be a, b, c, d tetra-parts accordingly by block model, on four stations, 3D printer prints four modules respectively, each station time-write interval is T/4, be 5 minutes in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 7.The slice of data of every part is generated the code (being generally Gcode code) that printer can identify by three-dimensional slice software, and is sent to respectively in the printer of each station.Above step all completes by computer 101.Conventional three-dimensional slice software has Cura, Makerbot, Kisslicer etc.
Loading operation is carried out to the printer of each station.Load in the printer charging basket 205 of each station and print raw material (can be pellet, silk material or liquid), in the present embodiment 3D printer, adopt PLA silk material as the raw material in charging basket.In print procedure, charging basket Raw can be added in printing head by feed conduit automatically by pay-off.
Start control system, substrate slowly moves to below printer under the effect of transmission system, and when the detecting sensor 214 on the 3D printer station of first, position aims at the telltale mark 303 on one piece of printing substrate 210, conveyer belt 300 stops transmission.Detecting sensor 214 on all the other 3D printer stations detects the side-play amount of the telltale mark 303 on each self-corresponding printing substrate 210 and is sent in computer 101.If the detecting sensor on all the other stations all telltale mark 303, the 3D groups of printers can aimed on each self-corresponding printing substrate 210 is started working, as Fig. 4.If when the detecting sensor on all the other stations detects the deviation of the position of the telltale mark 303 on each self-corresponding printing substrate 210 relative to detecting sensor center, detecting sensor is sent to computer 101 deviation signal, computer 101 is calibrated print track according to the side-play amount of each station printing substrate 210, concrete grammar is carry out overall translation to print track, and be again sent in each 3D printer, guarantee print track zero deflection, as Fig. 5, 3D groups of printers is started working, the printer of each station performs respective print out task, when the printer of all stations all completes print out task, computer control system controls conveyer belt 300 and moves on.So move in circles.Be illustrated in figure 6 print procedure schematic diagram.
Print raw material and adopt thermoplastic, for the printer of each station, its raw material just extruded, because temperature is enough high, therefore, it is possible to the model part common melting printed with a upper station is connected, does not need extra connected mode or means.
When last station printer completes printing, electromagnet power-off demagnetization on the corresponding conveyer belt of this station, when substrate motion is to being automatically pushed to during conveyer belt end on operating platform 105, carry out delivery type, post-processing operation such as cleaning substrate, dressing mo del etc. by operating personnel.
In print procedure, realize multistation task smart allocation by control system, three-dimensional slice software carries out mission planning to each station printer and ensures that the time-write interval of each station is identical, ensures the harmony of print procedure.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a parallel multistation formula 3D printer, is characterized in that, comprises computer (101), support (103), 3D groups of printers (104) and belt system (106);
Wherein 3D groups of printers (104) is the 3D printer of multiple station placed side by side as required; Described 3D printer also comprises position-detection sensor (214), for the accurate location of model at each station;
3D groups of printers (104), belt system (106) are installed on support (103);
Belt system (106) comprises servomotor and conveyer belt (300); Servomotor is for driving conveyer belt; There is a pair draw-in groove (301) on conveyer belt (300) surface every a segment distance, and this draw-in groove (301) is for locating to printing substrate; Conveyer belt (300) surface between each draw-in groove is provided with one piece of phase magnet (302), phase magnet (302) upper absorption installation printing substrate (210), for placing printer model, printing substrate is magnetic material; Printing substrate (210) lateral edges central point is provided with telltale mark (303); Position-detection sensor (214) is for detecting the position of every block printing substrate (210), with the printing substrate of first station (210) for benchmark, determined the bias of position relative to desired location of printing substrate (210) in follow-up 3D printer by the position detecting the telltale mark (303) on all the other stations;
Computer (101) is connected with each 3D printer of 3D groups of printers (104), computer (101) is for transmit operation instruction, and threedimensional model is cut into slices, generate a series of band sequenced cross section profile figure, convert the code that 3D printer can identify to, deliver to each 3D printer and carry out print job;
During work, in computer (101), setting print speed v, i.e. shower nozzle translational speed, according to the quantity N of 3D printer in 3D groups of printers (104), is the model sub-block of N number of time-write interval equalization by printer model piecemeal; Each model sub-block data is generated the code that printer can identify, be sent in the printer of each station in 3D groups of printers (104) respectively; Start and print flow process, printing substrate slowly moves to below each station 3D printer under the effect of belt system (106), and the printer of each station starts to perform respective print out task; When the printer of all stations all completes print out task, conveyer belt (300) moves on; When last station printer completes printing, substrate motion is to conveyer belt end station, and phase magnet (302) the power-off demagnetization on the corresponding conveyer belt of this station, is pushed on operating platform (105) by model; Take out the output model on operating platform (105), complete print job.
2. parallel multistation formula 3D printer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described computer (1) is according to shower nozzle translational speed and motion path, calculate and print each model sub-block required time, again all model sub-block time-write intervals are added to obtain and print parts total time T, according to the quantity N of station printer on production line, repartition model sub-block, make each model sub-block time-write interval be T/N.
3. parallel multistation formula 3D printer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, prints raw material and adopts thermoplastic.
4. parallel multistation formula 3D printer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, telltale mark (303) is a black stripe or one section of boss, produce color or shape difference with other places of printing substrate (210) lateral edges, position-detection sensor (214) can be allowed to identify.
5. parallel multistation formula 3D printer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, on described each station, the position-detection sensor (214) of 3D printer adopts photoelectric sensor, the parallel coincidence of printing initial point of its mounting center and 3D printer on this station.
6. parallel multistation formula 3D printer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, computer (101) carries out the compensation of equidistance to the print track of each station printer on offset direction, and the part that the part that the 3D printer of each station is printed can not print with a upper station 3D printer produces and misplaces.
7. parallel multistation formula 3D printer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, when the position-detection sensor (214) on the first station aims at telltale mark (303) on one piece of printing substrate (210), conveyer belt (300) stops transmission, and the position-detection sensor (214) on all the other stations detects the offset distance of all the other printing substrates (210) and in computer (101), carries out the compensation of print track.
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