CN105189207A - 用于机动车辆的后视镜组件 - Google Patents

用于机动车辆的后视镜组件 Download PDF

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CN105189207A
CN105189207A CN201480015895.4A CN201480015895A CN105189207A CN 105189207 A CN105189207 A CN 105189207A CN 201480015895 A CN201480015895 A CN 201480015895A CN 105189207 A CN105189207 A CN 105189207A
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mirror
assembly
mirror assembly
carrier board
carrier plate
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CN105189207B (zh
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P.克雷布斯
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Magna Visor Holdings Co Ltd
Magna Mirrors Holding GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/02Rear-view mirror arrangements
    • B60R1/06Rear-view mirror arrangements mounted on vehicle exterior
    • B60R1/0602Rear-view mirror arrangements mounted on vehicle exterior comprising means for cleaning or deicing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/02Rear-view mirror arrangements
    • B60R1/08Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors
    • B60R1/083Anti-glare mirrors, e.g. "day-night" mirrors
    • B60R1/088Anti-glare mirrors, e.g. "day-night" mirrors using a cell of electrically changeable optical characteristic, e.g. liquid-crystal or electrochromic mirrors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133382Heating or cooling of liquid crystal cells other than for activation, e.g. circuits or arrangements for temperature control, stabilisation or uniform distribution over the cell
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133553Reflecting elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H05B3/845Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields specially adapted for reflecting surfaces, e.g. bathroom - or rearview mirrors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于机动车辆的后视镜装置(1),其具有载体板(6)并且具有用于观看后面交通的镜子组件(5),其被保持在载体板(6)上并且包括液晶单元(7),其中,镜子组件(5)的反射率被设计为通过控制设备是可变的,并且其中,镜子组件(5)具有布置在其前侧上的玻璃板(11),并且具有指向载体板(6)的后侧反射涂层(12)。其目的是改善所述后视镜装置,使得有光学液晶单元的用于机动车辆的可自动调光可加热后视镜装置为作为用户的车辆乘员产生永久清晰的光学图像。这是通过设计成可加热的后视镜装置(1)实现的,其中,在载体板(6)上布置有产生热辐射的面加热元件(15),并且壳体间隙(S)保留在载体板(6)与镜子组件(5)之间,并且其中,所述热辐射(16)被传递到布置在所述镜子组件(5)的反射涂层(12)上的辐射吸收涂层(13)。

Description

用于机动车辆的后视镜组件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于机动车辆的后视镜装置。
背景技术
用于机动车辆的后视镜装置具有提供后面交通的视野的反射表面。通常,后视镜装置还设计为是可调光的。以这种方式,在黑暗中行驶时,来自后面行驶车辆的眩光可以被防止。在可自动调光后视镜装置的情况下,光传感器测量或检测在汽车前部区域和后部交通区域之间的亮度差异。测量值然后被发送到评估和控制电子器件,然后镜子装置的反射率被相应地改变。在这种情况下使用了包括光学单元的镜子组件。所述光学单元例如以液晶单元的形式。在这样的镜子装置的情况下,反射率可以通过施加电场而改变。
此外,用于外部区域的后视镜装置通常设计为可加热的。以这种方式,特别是在冬季的月份里,水滴、霜和冰对视野的损害被防止。在这里,未配备光学元件的常规镜子装置包括玻璃板、反射涂层,和布置在所述反射涂层后侧上的面加热元件。所述面加热元件通常是包括电加热电阻器并且被粘结到反射涂层的载体箔。在这种情况下,面加热元件被布置在承载镜子组件的载体板上。在这种情况下,由电阻元件产生的热量穿过反射涂层传导到向外指向的玻璃板,以便例如实现在那里的外表面除冰。
然而,对于包括液晶单元的镜子组件,在引言中描述的已知面加热元件和其布置是不合适的。在载体板、面加热元件、液晶单元与玻璃板之间的粘结由于液晶单元内各个部分的公差而导致变形。所述变形导致液晶介质的液晶在液晶单元中的累积,从而在光学图像中导致用户可见的明显黑暗瑕疵。
一种包括光学单元的可加热镜子组件从US2004/0240029A1中是已知的。在所述已知镜子组件的情况下,光学单元是通过介质连接到反射器的。在一种设计变体中,提供了一种加热器形式的反射器。另外的设计变体提供了设置在光学单元与反射器之间的可加热空气间隙。
发明内容
因此,本发明的一个目的是进一步开发一种用于机动车辆的可自动调光的可加热后视镜装置,其具有光学液晶单元,使得后视镜装置为作为用户的车辆乘员产生永久清晰的光学图像。
所述目的是通过权利要求1中详细说明的特征来实现。
上述缺点是通过在权利要求1中详细说明的后视镜装置消除的,其中,在载体板上布置有产生热辐射的面加热元件,以及保持在载体板与镜子组件之间的壳体间隙,并且其中所述热辐射被传递到布置在镜子组件的反射涂层上的辐射吸收涂层。镜子组件与光学单元未刚性地连接到面加热装置和载体板,从而防止变形。
根据本发明的后视镜装置的其它有利实施例和改进将从从属权利要求中显现。
附图说明
用于机动车辆的后视镜装置的优选实施例将通过举例的方式在下面进行描述,其中,为了说明的目的而参考了附图,其中:
图1示出了外部镜子装置形式的后视镜装置的示意图;和
图2从镜子装置的横截面示出了细节。
具体实施方式
图1示出了后视镜装置的视图,其是以车辆外镜1的形式,并且包括镜脚部2和镜头部3。以已知的方式,车辆外镜1在驾驶员或前座乘客侧固定到机动车辆外部。在这种情况下,镜头部3以可折叠的方式布置在镜脚部2上,并具有由热塑性塑料材料构成的壳体4。壳体4形成为半壳形状并具有接收空间,所述接收空间在向前的方向上具有接收开口。在接收空间中插有镜子组件5,其通常安装在布置于镜子壳体4的接收空间中并且以壳体元件形式的可调节载体板6上。还提供了光传感器,来自后面交通方向上的环境光强度通过所述光传感器被检测。此外,在车辆前方区域中的光强度也被检测。镜子组件5的致动和调光是以依赖于所测量信号的方式实现的。
来自根据本发明的后视镜装置1的横截面的细节将在下面基于图2进行描述,所述后视镜装置1装备有自动调光功能并被设计成可加热的。用于检测光强度的传感器、致动电子器件和评估电子器件在这里将不会示出或以任何更多细节进行描述。这些对于本领域技术人员是已知的。
对于反射率的变化,根据本发明的镜子组件5包括液晶单元7。后者具有透明的前侧载体层8、透明的后侧载体层9,以及电可致动液晶层10,所述液晶层包括布置在载体层8、9之间的液晶介质。为了电致动,液晶层10被布置在两个透明导电层之间。在这种以液晶为基础的技术的情况下,所利用的效应是,当电场被施加到液晶单元7时,液晶分子将其自身与电场平行排列。在基态中,也就是说没有电场时,液晶分子在纵向方向上排列,也就是说光在其中透过的方向。为了实现所述取向,取向层被附加地设置。所述取向层被布置在导电层与液晶层10之间。
透明载体层8、9例如是箔的形式。透明载体层也可以是透明塑料板或玻璃板的形式。如从后视镜装置1的前侧V观察到的,另外的透明层11被布置在透明载体层8上。所述层11上具有防划伤保护器的功能,并且是玻璃板或塑料板的形式。在指向载体板6的侧上,后侧透明载体层9设置有非透明反射层12。非透明反射层12设置有金属涂层。所述涂层例如通过气相沉积或溅射或喷涂产生。此外,辐射吸收涂层13被施加到所述反射涂层12上。
如在引言中已经描述的,镜子组件5被安装在壳体4中的载体板6上。为此目的,载体板6具有载体基板6.1和环绕载体板边缘6.2,其有指向前侧V的面对表面(facesurface)。在此情况下,载体基板6.1和载体板边缘6.2形成用于镜子组件5的接收空间,其在向前的方向上开口。载体基板6.1形成有支撑镜子组件5的承载点6.3。所述承载点6.3例如是网状承载点的形式。在这种情况下,当镜子组件5被保持和支撑在载体板6上时,间隙S保留于载体基板6.1与镜子组件5之间。此外,环绕壳体间隙保留于载体板边缘6.2与镜子组件5之间,其中,在所述后视镜装置的组装过程中,密封件14装配到所述壳体间隙,以用于镜子组件5在壳体4或载体板6中的密封保持。
面加热元件15布置在载体基板6.1指向镜子组件5的那个表面上。面加热元件15优选地粘结到载体基板6.1。如可以从该图中可以看出的,所述面加热元件15与镜子组件5间隔地布置。在这种情况下,通过面加热元件15产生的热辐射传递到辐射吸收涂层(热辐射通过箭头16指示)。热量通过热传导从辐射吸收涂层13输送到前侧玻璃板11。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于机动车辆的后视镜装置(1),其具有载体板(6)并且具有用于观看后面交通的镜子组件(5),所述镜子组件被保持在所述载体板(6)上并且包括液晶单元(7),其中,所述镜子组件(5)的反射率被设计为通过控制设备是可变的,并且其中,所述镜子组件(5)具有布置在其前侧上的玻璃板(11),并且具有指向所述载体板(6)的后侧反射涂层(12),其中,所述后视镜装置(1)被设计成可加热的,其特征在于,在所述载体板(6)上布置有产生热辐射的面加热元件(15),并且壳体间隙(S)保留在所述载体板(6)与镜子组件(5)之间,并且其中,所述热辐射(16)被传递到布置在所述镜子组件(5)的反射涂层(12)上的辐射吸收涂层(13)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于机动车辆的后视镜装置(1),其中,所述载体板(6)包括载体基板(6.1)和环绕载体板边缘(6.2),并且所述载体基板(6.1)形成有承载点(6.3),据此,实现了所述镜子组件(5)相对于所述载体基板(6.1)间隔开的布置。
3.根据前述权利要求的任一项所述的用于机动车辆的后视镜装置(1),其中,所述面加热元件(15)粘结到所述载体基板(6.1)。
4.根据前述权利要求的任一项所述的用于机动车辆的后视镜装置(1),其中,环绕壳体间隙形成在所述载体板边缘(6.2)与镜子组件(5)之间,密封件(14)装配到所述环绕壳体间隙,所述密封件以密封的方式完全地封闭所述壳体间隙。
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US9493122B2 (en) 2016-11-15
CN105189207B (zh) 2017-04-12
US20160023606A1 (en) 2016-01-28
WO2014131406A1 (de) 2014-09-04
EP2961635A1 (de) 2016-01-06
HUE033600T2 (en) 2017-12-28

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