CN105186292B - Method for producing spark plug of internal combustion engine and spark plug of internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Method for producing spark plug of internal combustion engine and spark plug of internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN105186292B CN105186292B CN201510309282.8A CN201510309282A CN105186292B CN 105186292 B CN105186292 B CN 105186292B CN 201510309282 A CN201510309282 A CN 201510309282A CN 105186292 B CN105186292 B CN 105186292B
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- spark plug
- head region
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- oxide
- internal combustion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/02—Details
- H01T13/14—Means for self-cleaning
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
- C23D5/00—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
- C23D5/02—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers by wet methods
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
- H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
- C23D7/00—Treating the coatings, e.g. drying before burning
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing a spark plug (1) of an internal combustion engine, in particular of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. The spark plug (1) comprises a body (2) having a head region (8), the head region (8) being intended to be distributed to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. Furthermore, a coating formed at least by the following steps is provided at least partially on the head region (8): -roughening the head region (8) at least partially, -applying a paste to the roughened head region (8), -drying the applied paste, -heating the paste applied to the roughened head region (8) to form the enamel layer (10). The invention also relates to a spark plug (1) for an internal combustion engine, in particular produced by the above method.
Description
The invention relates to a method for producing a spark plug according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to a spark plug for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 7.
The application of an igniting internal combustion engine requires an ignition spark in order to ignite the compressed fuel-air mixture in its combustion chamber. For this purpose, electrically controlled spark plugs are used which serve to controllably provide the respective ignition spark. During their operation, the ignition spark forms an open arc between the center electrode and at least one ground electrode of the spark plug. Spark plugs typically have a body with a connecting portion, which may have an external thread, for example. So that the spark plugs can be screwed into corresponding openings in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine.
By the conductive connection to the connecting portion, the ground electrode is already grounded through the vehicle ground portion when the spark plug is seated in the cylinder head. In contrast, the center electrode may be connected to the ignition coil by, for example, an ignition cable. The center electrode may be subjected to a suitable ignition voltage by an ignition coil. For this purpose, the center electrode and the ground electrode are electrically insulated from one another by suitable insulators, since the arc of the ignition voltage should only occur between the two electrodes. The electrode spacing in this regard represents a pre-settable criterion for achieving combustion of the desired fuel-air mixture.
In the arrangement of the spark plugs, their ends with the electrode spacing face the combustion chamber of the respective internal combustion engine. For the purposes of the present invention, the end is considered to be the head region of the spark plug.
During operation of the spark plug, it is known that possible deposits may form in the region of its head. The deposits are typically oil carbon. These oil-carbon deposits are attributed to the combustion process of the respective fuels. In this case, such deposits are concentrated mainly on the part of the insulator located in the head region. Depending on the running time, these deposits can achieve a porous structure with a thickness of a few millimeters.
The resulting problem is due to the conductivity of the latter. Examples of misfiring and uncontrolled ignition sparks will eventually occur, particularly by virtue of deposits formed between the metallic regions of the head region of the spark plug. Moreover, the deposits show a tendency to continue combustion in an uncontrolled manner at the end of the combustion cycle; similar to glow plugs. This then ultimately leads to an undesirably high level of volatile organic compounds (emissions of hydrocarbons) in the exhaust gas due to the reduced or even incomplete combustion of the fuel-air mixture.
Spark plugs of various configurations are known in the art. In addition to their use only as ignition devices, the prior art has also disclosed solutions to avoid the above-mentioned deposits.
Thus, EP 1557918 a1 discloses a spark plug for an internal combustion engine, which is said to permanently avoid shunting due to conductive deposits. For this purpose, a catalytic noble metal layer is proposed which is formed on the tip of the insulator in the region of the head of the spark plug. The noble metal layer may be platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), or rhodium (Rh).
The proposed precious metal coating is intended to reduce the temperature required to burn the deposits. In particular, the cold start phase of an internal combustion engine is of interest, in which an optimum operating temperature has not yet been reached. Therefore, the achievable reduction in combustion temperature should ultimately correspondingly accelerate the oxidation of the deposits. With respect to the location of the noble metal coating, this is limited to the inner surface of the insulated bore facing the center electrode of the spark plug. A conventional insulated hole is an opening in the insulator that exposes the center electrode, which is surrounded by the insulator at other locations so that the center electrode can interact with the ground electrode.
DE 4222137B 4 discloses a fuel injection nozzle for a diesel internal combustion engine. This comprises a nozzle body with an injection hole which penetrates the nozzle body and reaches the wall of the coated nozzle body. The coating layer becomes thicker toward the openings of the spray holes so that the nozzle holes become thinner toward their openings. The coating itself consisting of a hard material such as chromium, nickel-phosphorus, nickel-boron, nickel-cobalt-boron, Al2O3、Cr2O3、TiO2、Cr3C2、SiO2AlSi, NiCr, WTi or WC.
DE 19951014 a1 discloses a fuel injection valve which likewise has a coating which at least surrounds the region of widening of the discharge opening. The coating is a catalytically active layer of Co or Ni or cobalt oxide or nickel oxide or cobalt alloy or nickel alloy oxide or Ru or Rh or Pd or Os or Ir or Pt or alloys of these metals with each other or with other metals.
JP 2007-and-309167A discloses a combustion chamber cleaning system of an internal combustion engine. For this purpose, titanium dioxide is applied to the surface of the ejection opening of the ejector.
JP 2005-155618A discloses a process for forming a coating layer composed of titanium oxide on a nozzle of an injection valve.
The result is that although the arrangement of the precious metal coating can accelerate the combustion of already existing deposits, its properties and local arrangement, for example, also lead to uncontrolled ignition and smoldering. In general, therefore, processes that have so far been followed up for physical or chemical vapor deposition (PVD/CVD) and processes involving electroplating measures do not make it possible to produce suitable coatings for reliably preventing the formation of deposits and associated disadvantages.
From this observation, there is therefore certainly room for improvement in the spark plugs of internal combustion engines, in particular of motor vehicles.
Against this background, the present invention is based on the object of further developing a process for producing a spark plug and a spark plug for an internal combustion engine in order to provide a possible cost-effective method of forming a suitable coating which can be incorporated into an existing production sequence and ensures a reliable action for improving the exhaust gas values formed during operation.
The solution of the process-related part of the object is the content of the method with the features of claim 1. The product-related part of the object is achieved in accordance with a spark plug having the features of claim 7. Further particularly advantageous developments of the invention are disclosed in the respective dependent claims.
It should be noted that the methods and features described in the following description in isolation may be combined with each other in any desired technically meaningful way, thus further disclosing the improvements of the invention.
Accordingly, the process according to the invention comprises producing a spark plug for an internal combustion engine. Particularly preferably, the internal combustion engine is an engine of a motor vehicle.
The spark plug to be produced has a body with a head region. The coating is at least partially disposed in the head region. The head region is designed to face at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine when the spark plug is mounted in the internal combustion engine. In this regard, the head region is at least partially disposed within the associated combustion chamber. In this respect, the head region is intended to be assigned to a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
It is preferred that the spark plug itself be of standard design. It includes a center electrode and at least one ground electrode spaced from the center electrode and electrically insulated relative to the center electrode by at least partial bonding of an insulator.
According to the invention, the coating is provided in the head region of the spark plug by the following steps:
-at least partially roughening the head region,
-applying a slurry to the roughened head region,
-drying the coated slurry,
-heating the slurry applied to the roughened head region to form an enamel layer.
In this respect, the essence of the process according to the invention is the formation of a layer of enamel on the head region of the body of the spark plug. This results in the advantage that the enamel layer according to the invention already largely prevents the deposition of oily carbon compared to the provision of a noble metal layer. In this respect, the enamel layer does not act to reduce the temperature required to burn off such deposits, but rather prevents or at least reduces the formation from the beginning.
The knowledge leading to this is that there is virtually no fluid component of the fuel, for example in the form of droplets, which deposits and dries out on the enamel layer. This has been considered to be the main reason for the formation of coal tar-like lamellae on spark plugs. Preventing or at least substantially reducing such deposits then means that possible smoldering thereof is no longer possible.
In addition, the enamel layer according to the invention acts as an additional insulator, thus reliably preventing the interruption of a possible ignition spark. This is particularly relevant if possible deposits are in fact formed in the head region over time. Since the deposit is electrically conductive, it is known from the prior art that uncontrolled and damaging ignition sparks may occur if a noble metal layer is provided which is also electrically conductive, which the invention can avoid.
Due to the enamel layer according to the invention, an effective double protection will occur for reliable operation of the spark plug, as a result of which the exhaust gas values formed during operation of the internal combustion engine are correspondingly improved. The reason for this is the anti-adhesive and electrically insulating properties of the enamel layer according to the invention at least in the head region of the spark plug concerned.
The arrangement of the enamel layer according to the invention can advantageously be easily integrated into existing processes for producing spark plugs. This proves to be very durable for its operating position and the associated thermal loads acting on it, due to the heat-resistant properties of the enamel layer.
It is particularly preferred that the enamel layer may be an oxidic and also smooth and catalytically active enamel layer. Alternatively or additionally, the enamel layer may also be in the form of a "clean enamel". Enamel layers of this type are known, for example, as linings for household appliances such as ovens. These include a self-cleaning effect if the oven is operated at a higher temperature than usual. This then involves a cleaning anneal in which any attached deposits, such as petroleum sheets, can be completely catalytically decomposed without mechanical action.
For the purposes of the present invention, it is understood that the slip is the initial basis of the enamel layer provided. This is preferably a dough in the form of a mineral mixture, present as a fluid of pasty to viscous consistency, and applied to the roughened portion of the head region in a suitable manner.
With regard to the use of coating methods, for example contact processes or contactless processes are conceivable for coating. Thus, the slurry can be applied, for example, by means of a fountain stick or a fountain brush. Furthermore, the coating can be done by dipping or spraying, for example in particular by vacuum spraying.
The coated slurry is then dried, for example in ambient air or by hot air jets. The dried slurry is then heated to serve as a glaze layer. For the purposes of the present invention, it is also understood that heating refers to annealing, sintering, baking.
According to an advantageous development of the basic idea of the invention, the metal part of the spark plug located in the head region may be at least partially roughened and provided with a paste before heating. In other words, the present invention provides that the enamel layer may be formed on the metal portion of the head region.
It is particularly preferred that the finished enamel layer may extend both into and out of the head region. In this regard, it should be understood that interior refers to the region that primarily faces the center electrode. In contrast, the outer portion is the region away from the center electrode. Internally, the task of the enamel layer is to effectively prevent possible interruption of the ignition spark on the already present deposits, due to its electrically insulating action. On the contrary, the provision of the enamel layer on the outside serves mainly to prevent deposits which would otherwise lead to high emission values due to smoldering.
Furthermore, provision is made for at least partially roughening and providing the slurry to a portion of the insulator located in the head region before heating. In other words, the arrangement of the enamel layer may also extend to the region of the insulator.
A further advantageous development of the invention provides that a possible overspray of the applied paste can be at least partially removed mechanically after the paste has been dried and before heating. This essentially comprises a central electrode and/or at least one ground electrode. The aim is to form a controlled and sufficient ignition spark, for which purpose the respective electrode should be present in as bare a formation as possible. Depending on the process used for coating the slurry, it is thus necessary to locally remove the coating of the unwanted slurry, known as overspray, before heating.
The basis for the coating slurry is provided by a suitable roughening process of the head region. For this purpose, the invention provides that the initially necessary roughening of part of the head region or of the entire head region can be influenced, for example, by sandblasting. It goes without saying that further roughening processes which make it possible to suitably prepare the respective surfaces for coating the slurries are also conceivable. The roughening serves primarily to provide a durable bond between the head region and the surface of the enamel layer. The result is that the latter can be better fixed to the surface of the head region. In addition, the contact surface is enlarged by roughening.
The coated slurry is preferably heated at a temperature in the range of 800 ℃ to 900 ℃. It is particularly preferred to use a shielding gas to accomplish the heating. By heating under a protective gas, in particular, fouling and discoloration of the layer formed on the external thread of the spark plug can be effectively prevented.
The process now proposed for producing a spark plug according to the invention provides a cost-effective possible method of forming a coating in the form of an enamel layer that can be easily incorporated into existing production sequences. By the electrically insulating action of the temperature-resistant enamel layer in combination with the fact that the latter prevents deposits, it is generally possible to ensure reliable operation of the spark plug for improving the exhaust gas values formed during operation.
The invention also relates to a spark plug for an internal combustion engine, in particular for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. The spark plug is preferably produced according to the above-described process of the present invention.
Here, the spark plug comprises a body having a head region intended to be assigned to a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. In addition, the coating is at least partially disposed on the head region. According to the invention, the coating is an enamel layer. Alternatively, the coating also comprises at least an enamel.
The advantages that result have already been explained above in connection with the process for producing a spark plug according to the invention and are correspondingly applicable to a spark plug according to the invention. Furthermore, the following further advantageous improvements of the spark plug according to the invention apply. For this reason, reference is now made to what is described above.
According to an advantageous development of the spark plug according to the invention, the enamel layer is formed from a paste. With regard to the constituents of the paste, it is provided that the paste consists of at least one glass-forming oxide in addition to at least one additional constituent and, if desired, additionally at least one opacifying agent.
For example, the group of possible glass-forming oxides is at least one of the following:
-silicon dioxide (SiO)2)
Boron trioxide (B)2O3)
Sodium oxide (Na)2O)
-potassium oxide (K)2O)
Aluminum oxide (Al)2O3)
It goes without saying that this list is not definitive, so that further glass-forming oxides are also conceivable.
As regards the at least one further component, it may, for example, originate from the following group:
-borax
-feldspar
-quartz
-fluoride
-soda ash
Sodium nitrate
It is also the case here that the list is not deterministic, so that further components are also conceivable.
As regards the at least one opacifying agent added, if desired, it may be chosen, for example, from the following group:
-titanium (Ti)
-zirconium (Zr)
-molybdenum (Mo)
This is likewise not a definitive list, so that other opacifying agents such as tin dioxide or titanium silicate are also conceivable.
The enamel layer according to the invention is preferably a molten mixture. At the glazing temperature, the glass-forming oxides melt together to form a glass melt. The base enamel contains approximately 23-34% by weight borax, 28-52% by weight feldspar, 5-20% by weight quartz, approximately 5% by weight fluoride, the remainder being soda and sodium nitrate. As already mentioned, oxides of Ti, Zr and Mo may be used as opacifying agents.
Also, ceramic pigments such as iron oxide, chromium oxide and spinel may also be present.
In order to improve the adhesion, in particular on metal substrates, the enamel layer according to the invention additionally comprises, for example, at least one oxide from the following group:
cobalt oxide
Manganese oxide
-nickel oxide
In a preferred refinement, the matrix is finely ground and melted. The melt is quenched, that is to say water is preferably introduced, and a granulated glass frit is produced therefrom, which is finely ground again in a subsequent step. For example, 30% -40% water is added to the milling operation with clay and quartz powder. Depending on the type of enamel, opacifying agents and colouring oxides are also added.
This forms a slip which should be left to stand for a certain time, preferably several days, before the slip is reused for better mixing. The use of suitable modifiers ensures a consistent layer thickness.
The latter preferably contains a high proportion of cerium oxide (CeO) in terms of smoothing the enamel layer. By its catalytic action, the fuel droplets concentrated on the surface of the enamel layer evaporate. As a result, deposits are not formed which may then have an adverse effect on the exhaust gas emissions. Moreover, the initial temperature of fuel combustion and unburned Hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) are thereby advantageously reduced. As a result, the emission values in the internal combustion engine are likewise reduced.
The enamel layer contains a high proportion of aluminium oxide Al2O3In order to increase the breakdown strength of the ignition spark.
According to an advantageous development, the enamel layer can have a layer thickness of 100 μm to 250 μm.
Further advantageous details and effects of the invention will be explained in more detail on the basis of exemplary embodiments which are illustrated in the following figures. In the figure:
FIG. 1 shows a partial spark plug in longitudinal section according to the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a part of fig. 1 in another form shown in the same way.
Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a spark plug 1 according to the invention. For the sake of clarity, said longitudinal section is significantly reduced to the connection to the body 2 of the spark plug 1. This shows generally the area designed for generating an ignition spark (not shown in more detail) of the spark plug 1.
The longitudinal section shows a typical structure of a spark plug 1 consisting of a center electrode 3 extending in the longitudinal direction x of the spark plug 1 and surrounded by an insulator 4. The insulator 4 may be a porcelain body. The insulator 4 has a tubular structure (not shown in more detail) such that a pencil-shaped center electrode 3 is disposed within the insulator body 4. The insulating body 4 serves to electrically insulate the central electrode 3 with respect to further metal areas of the main body 2.
In this regard, the insulator body 4 also serves to electrically insulate the center electrode 3 with respect to the ground electrode 5 provided on the main body 2. The ground electrode 5 is bent at an angle like a bracket, which first extends in the direction of the longitudinal direction x from the front face 6 of the body 2 and then is bent at an angle on the center electrode 3. Thus, the center electrode 3 and the ground electrode 5 are separated from each other with a formed electrode pitch.
It can be seen that the outer periphery of the body 2 has an external thread 7. The external thread 7 serves to connect the spark plug 1 with a bore of a cylinder head (not shown in greater detail) of an internal combustion engine. For this purpose, the bore (not shown) has a corresponding internal thread which is connected to the external thread 7 of the body 2 of the spark plug 1.
The part of the spark plug 1 visible in fig. 1 comprises a head region 8 intended to be mounted or aligned respectively with a combustion chamber (not visible) of the internal combustion engine. It can be seen that the body 2 has a tubular configuration in the head region 8 such that part of the insulator 4 is disposed in the body 2 with the central electrode 3 disposed therein and spaced therefrom. So that an annular gap 9 is formed between the inner region of the body 2 and the outer region of the insulator 4 together with the central electrode 3.
It can be seen that a coating in the form of an enamel coating 10 is provided on the head region 8. Here, the enamel coating 10 extends over the annular gap 9 and thus over the respective inner region of the body 2 and the respective outer region of the insulator 4. Here, the enamel layer 10 also surrounds the front face 6 of the body 2 up to the start of the external thread 7 of the body 2. Furthermore, the partial ground electrode 5 extending in the longitudinal direction x is also substantially surrounded by the enamel layer 10.
Fig. 2 shows again the head region 8 in simplified form. In this respect, no cut is made through the insulator 4, so that in the present case the latter covers the central electrode 3 extending therein. In contrast to the illustration in fig. 1, the enamel layer 10 here ends at the front side 6 of the body 2. Rather, the enamel layer 10 of note extends further over the ground electrode 5, in particular also over the three-quarter angular portion of the ground electrode 5, so that the latter is uncoated only at the free end portion. Overall, the enamel layer 10 has a sufficient layer thickness for achieving a high breakdown strength with respect to the ignition spark. The layer thickness is in the present case between 100 μm and 250. mu.m.
List of reference numerals
1 spark plug
21 main body
31 center electrode
41 insulator
51 ground electrode
62 front side
72 external thread
81 and 2 head region
92 and 4 of the first and second side walls
101 enamel layer
a 3 and 5 electrode spacing
b 1 longitudinal direction
Claims (12)
1. A method of producing a spark plug (1) for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, the spark plug (1) comprising a body (2) having a head region (8), an insulator (4) located within the head region (8) and a ground electrode (5) provided on the body, the head region (8) being intended to be distributed to a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, a coating being provided on the inside and outside of the head region (8), the inside comprising an inner region of the body (2), an outer region of the insulator (4), a region extending from the inner region of the body (2) to the outer region of the insulator (4), the outside comprising an outer region of the ground electrode (5),
the method has at least the following steps:
-at least partially roughening the head region (8),
quenching the glass melt to form a granulated glass frit, followed by fine-grinding the glass frit again to make a slurry,
-applying a slurry to the roughened head region (8), the slurry comprising cerium oxide,
-drying the coated slurry,
-heating the paste applied to the roughened head region (8) to form a layer of enamel (10),
wherein fuel droplets concentrated on the surface of the coating layer are vaporized by the catalytic action of the cerium oxide.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of,
wherein
The metal portion of the spark plug (1) located in the head region (8) is at least partially roughened and provided with a slurry prior to heating.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
at least partially roughening and providing slurry to a portion of the insulator (4) located within the head region (8) prior to heating.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of,
wherein
After the slurry has been dried and before heating, the overspray of the coated slurry on the center electrode (3) and/or the ground electrode (4) is at least partially mechanically removed.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of,
wherein
The head region (8) is roughened by sandblasting.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of,
wherein
The slurry is heated at a temperature in the range of 800 ℃ to 900 ℃ using a protective gas.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of,
wherein
The paste comprises at least one glass-forming oxide from the group:
-silicon dioxide (SiO)2)
Boron trioxide (B)2O3)
Sodium oxide (Na)2O)
-potassium oxide (K)2O)
Aluminum oxide (Al)2O3)
And further comprising at least one component from the group:
-borax
-feldspar
-quartz
-fluoride
-soda ash
Sodium nitrate
And at least one opacifying agent selected from the group consisting of
-titanium (Ti)
-zirconium (Zr)
Molybdenum (Mo).
8. A spark plug for an internal combustion engine produced by the method of any one of the preceding claims, comprising a body (2) having a head region (8), the head region (8) being intended to be distributed to a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, the coating being at least partially provided on the head region (8),
wherein
The coating comprises an enamel.
9. The spark plug as set forth in claim 8,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the coating is a layer of enamel (10).
10. The spark plug as set forth in claim 9,
wherein
The enamel layer (10) is formed from a paste comprising at least one glass-forming oxide from the group:
-silicon dioxide (SiO)2)
Boron trioxide (B)2O3)
Sodium oxide (Na)2O)
-potassium oxide (K)2O)
Aluminum oxide (Al)2O3)
And further comprising at least one component from the group:
-borax
-feldspar
-quartz
-fluoride
-soda ash
Sodium nitrate
And at least one opacifying agent selected from the group consisting of
-titanium (Ti)
-zirconium (Zr)
Molybdenum (Mo).
11. The spark plug as set forth in claim 9,
wherein
The enamel layer (10) comprises at least one oxide from the following group:
cobalt oxide
Manganese oxide
-nickel oxide.
12. The spark plug as set forth in claim 9,
wherein
The enamel layer (10) has a layer thickness of 100-250 [ mu ] m.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014210922.1A DE102014210922A1 (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2014-06-06 | Method for producing a spark plug for an internal combustion engine and spark plug for an internal combustion engine |
| DE102014210922.1 | 2014-06-06 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105186292A CN105186292A (en) | 2015-12-23 |
| CN105186292B true CN105186292B (en) | 2020-07-14 |
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ID=53268671
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510309282.8A Active CN105186292B (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2015-06-08 | Method for producing spark plug of internal combustion engine and spark plug of internal combustion engine |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2953217B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105186292B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102014210922A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2703873C2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107248698B (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-01-01 | 宋天顺 | A kind of resistor type spark plug |
| CN107546574A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2018-01-05 | 宋天顺 | A kind of spark plug |
| US10815896B2 (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2020-10-27 | General Electric Company | Igniter with protective alumina coating for turbine engines |
| DE102018222460A1 (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Spark plug with rounded insulator base section |
| DE102018222468A1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Spark plug with rounded insulator base section and rounded housing section |
| DE102018222475A1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Spark plug with rounded housing section |
| DE102019203803A1 (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2020-09-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Spark plug housing with galvanic nickel and zinc-containing protective layer and a silicon-containing sealing layer, as well as a spark plug with this housing and manufacturing process for this housing |
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| CN1087758A (en) * | 1992-12-03 | 1994-06-08 | 罗伯特·博施有限公司 | The spark plug that is used for internal combustion engine |
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| JPH10115424A (en) * | 1996-01-31 | 1998-05-06 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Spark plug |
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| US8970096B2 (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2015-03-03 | Fram Group Ip Llc | Anti-fouling spark plug and method of making |
| US20130300278A1 (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2013-11-14 | Uci/Fram Group | Fouling resistant spark plug |
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2014
- 2014-06-06 DE DE102014210922.1A patent/DE102014210922A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-05-21 EP EP15168717.5A patent/EP2953217B1/en active Active
- 2015-06-05 RU RU2015121744A patent/RU2703873C2/en active
- 2015-06-08 CN CN201510309282.8A patent/CN105186292B/en active Active
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| CN1087758A (en) * | 1992-12-03 | 1994-06-08 | 罗伯特·博施有限公司 | The spark plug that is used for internal combustion engine |
| US6166481A (en) * | 1999-02-11 | 2000-12-26 | Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. | Anti-carbon fouling spark plug |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2953217B1 (en) | 2019-07-10 |
| RU2703873C2 (en) | 2019-10-22 |
| RU2015121744A (en) | 2016-12-27 |
| CN105186292A (en) | 2015-12-23 |
| EP2953217A1 (en) | 2015-12-09 |
| DE102014210922A1 (en) | 2015-12-17 |
| RU2015121744A3 (en) | 2019-01-18 |
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