CN105183680B - Realize that PCIe interface turns the fpga chip and method of CF card interfaces - Google Patents

Realize that PCIe interface turns the fpga chip and method of CF card interfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105183680B
CN105183680B CN201510599657.9A CN201510599657A CN105183680B CN 105183680 B CN105183680 B CN 105183680B CN 201510599657 A CN201510599657 A CN 201510599657A CN 105183680 B CN105183680 B CN 105183680B
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module
data
card
interface
pcie
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CN105183680A (en
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陶程
谢振新
梁元涛
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Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies Co Ltd
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Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/382Information transfer, e.g. on bus using universal interface adapter
    • G06F13/385Information transfer, e.g. on bus using universal interface adapter for adaptation of a particular data processing system to different peripheral devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2213/00Indexing scheme relating to interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F2213/38Universal adapter
    • G06F2213/3804Memory card connected to a computer port directly or by means of a reader/writer

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Bus Control (AREA)

Abstract

Realize that PCIe interface turns the fpga chip and method of CF card interfaces, be related to PCIe interface and turn CF card interfaces field, including:PCIe IP kernels module, adaptation module, direct memory access module, CF card interfaces protocol module and control register, instructed for PIO classes, control register control CF card interface protocol modules, command content is formed into corresponding CF card interfaces instruction sequencing;Instructed for Ultra direct memory access class, direct memory access module is controlled by control register, maximum bus burst transfer length, CPU side storage address and this transmission data length are set, direct memory access module waits the ready request in data/space that CF card interface protocol modules provide, and control register control CF card interfaces protocol module sends the transmission instruction of Ultra direct memory access;The present invention can be applicable the different demands of different usage scenarios, and flexibility is high.

Description

Realize that PCIe interface turns the fpga chip and method of CF card interfaces
Technical field
The present invention relates to PCIe interface to turn CF card interfaces field, in particular to realizes that PCIe interface turns CF card interfaces Fpga chip and method.
Background technology
With PCIe, (Peripheral Component Interconnect express, Peripheral Component Interconnect standard connect Mouthful) technology reach its maturity and high performance characteristics, CPU Peripheral Interfaces are limited, use the application of PCIe interface carry external equipment It is more and more extensive.CF (Compact Flash, the data storage device of portable electric appts) cards are as a kind of general reliable Removable portable memory, has extensive demand, CF card interfaces meet PATA in communication equipment and industrial equipment The definition of (Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment, parallel hard-disk interface technology) interface protocol.
The bridging functionality chip species that PCIe interface turns CF card interfaces is less, and existing PCIe interface turns the core of CF card interfaces Piece, it is uniformly to produce, and for some specific demands in different usage scenarios, such as start by set date data transfer, DMA moulds Block actively initiates data transfer, the functions such as CF card interfaces sequential is configurable, can not meet to require one by one, flexibility is low, it is impossible to Adapt to a variety of usage scenarios.
The content of the invention
For defect present in prior art, realize that PCIe interface turns CF clampings it is an object of the invention to provide one kind The fpga chip and method of mouth, can be applicable the different demands of different usage scenarios, and flexibility is high.
To achieve the above objectives, the present invention takes a kind of fpga chip realized PCIe interface and turn CF card interfaces, connects respectively CPU and CF cards are connect, including:PCIe IP kernel modules, for providing standard PCIe interface to CPU;Adaptation module, for PCIe IP Adaptation of the interface bus of core module to local bus;Direct memory access module, it is connected with PCIe IP kernel modules, for sending out Play the data transfer between CF cards and CPU;CF card interface protocol modules, are connected with direct memory access module, for CF cards The interface for meeting parallel hard-disk interface technology is provided;Control register, it is articulated in by adaptation module under the space of PCIe base address, For controlling direct memory access module and CF card interface protocol modules.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the interface bus of the PCIe IP kernels module is total for Avalon buses or AXI Line.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the control register includes the direct interior of control direct memory access module Deposit access controller, and the CF card controllers of control CF card interface protocol modules.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the direct memory access module includes sending direction controller, recipient To controller and First Input First Output module, sending direction controller is used to control direct memory access module by PCIe IP kernels Module reads the data for needing to write CF cards, receives direction controller and is used to control direct memory access module, reads CF clampings The data that mouth protocol module is read from CF cards, First Input First Output module include two First Input First Outputs, are respectively used to deposit Store up the data for needing to write CF cards and the data read in the card from CF.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, in the First Input First Output for storing the data for needing to write CF cards, When data volume reaches bus burst transfer length, data transfer is initiated to CF card interfaces protocol module.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, in the First Input First Output for storing the data read from CF cards, When data volume reaches interface bus length corresponding with PCIe IP kernel modules, PCIe IP are passed through by direct memory access module Core module writes data to CPU.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, CF card controllers in the control register also include module register, Instruction FIFO register, read First Input First Output register and write First Input First Output register, module control is posted Storage is used to configure interface sequence, each First Input First Output depth, First Input First Output threshold values.
The present invention also provides a kind of method realized PCIe interface and turn CF card interfaces, including:
Instructed for PIO classes, control register control CF card interface protocol modules, command content is formed into corresponding CF cards Interface instruction sequential, if PIO reading instructions, the data that CF cards return are stored in control register, posted by reading control Storage obtains data;If PIO write commands, the data are reflected in interface sequence;
Instructed for Ultra direct memory access class, direct memory access module is controlled by control register, set most Big bus burst transfer length, CPU side storage address and this transmission data length, direct memory access module wait CF clampings The ready request in data/space that mouth protocol module provides, control register control CF card interfaces protocol module send Ultra Direct memory access transmission instruction;If writing the instruction of data to CF cards, when control register storage data quantity is less than threshold values, Direct memory access module reads data from CPU side, and is stored in control register, by CF card interface protocol modules according to CF Interface sequence writes CF cards;If CF cards read the instruction of data, then CF card interfaces protocol module reads destination address in CF cards Data, and be stored in control register, when storage data volume is higher than threshold values, internal storage access module directly reads purpose by several times The data of address, and write CPU side.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the control register includes the CF controls of control CF card interface protocol modules Device processed, CF card controllers include module register, instruction FIFO register, read First Input First Output register and write First Input First Output register;If PIO reading instructions, the data that CF cards return are stored in and read First Input First Output register In;If PIO write commands, by software elder generation configuration-direct First Input First Output register, it is reconfigured at writing First Input First Output deposit Device, finally the data be reflected in interface sequence.
On the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the control register includes the CF controls of control CF card interface protocol modules Device processed, CF card controllers include module register, are instructed for Ultra direct memory access class, by controlling CF card controllers Configure direct memory access module maximum bus burst transfer length, CPU side storage address and this transmission data length.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1st, CF Master (CF card interfaces agreement) module realizes PATA interface function, the CF cards in control register Under controller control, PIO (parallel input output, parallel input and output), DMA (Direct are combined into MemoryAccess, direct memory access) etc. interface sequence corresponding to instruction, realize the PATA patterns of standard, it is achieved thereby that Control to CF card apparatus, available for other ATA/ATAPI equipment.
2nd, the CF card controllers in control register include module register, instruction FIFO (First Input First Output, First Input First Output) register, to read fifo register and write fifo register, module register is used to configure interface Sequential, each FIFO depth, FIFO threshold values, and be transmitted, abnormal ending transmission etc. state reporting function;It is each Fifo register is the interface for accessing each FIFO, for being continuously written into instruction, caching transmission data, improves efficiency of transmission.
3rd, dma module can be realized and actively initiate interacting for data and CPU side data in EMS memory in CF cards, it would be preferable to support After the free time of a period of time, data renewal is initiated in timing.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 realizes that PCIe interface turns the fpga chip use state diagram of CF card interfaces for the present invention;
Fig. 2 realizes that PCIe interface turns the structural representation of the fpga chip of CF card interfaces for the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the detailed construction schematic diagram of dma module in Fig. 2.
Reference:
Fpga chip 1, CPU 2, CF cards 3,
PCIe IP kernels module 11, adaptation module 12, dma module 13, CF Master modules 14, control register 15;
First interface 131, second interface 132, sending direction controller 133, fifo module 134, receive direction controller 135, dma controller 151, CF controllers 152.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention realizes that PCIe interface turns the fpga chip 1 of CF card interfaces, CPU 2 and CF cards are connected respectively 3, for realizing on pcb board carry CF card memory appts under CPU 2 PCIe interface, or individually the small boards of PCB realize PCIe Interface turns CF interface functions.Wherein, CPU2 is connected by PCIe interface with fpga chip 1, and CF cards 3 pass through CF card interfaces and FPGA Chip 1 is connected, and CF card interfaces meet the PATA (definition of interface protocol.In order to facilitate the connection of CF cards 3, CF card interfaces are generally adopted With the form of CF card slots, interpolation CF cards 3 can be with connection PCB signal and the pin signal of CF cards 3.
As shown in Fig. 2 the present invention realizes that PCIe interface turns the fpga chip 1 of CF card interfaces, it can use and carry PCIe IP Based on the FPGA models of stone, as the FPGA of more money difference class of Altera, Xilinx company is satisfied by requiring.It is described Fpga chip 1 includes PCIe IP kernels module 11, adaptation module 12, DMA, and (Direct Memory Access, direct internal memory are visited Ask) module 13, CF Master modules 14 and control register 15, PCIe IP kernels module 11 is connected with CPU 2, for CPU Offer standard PCIe interface.Wherein, the interface bus of PCIe IP kernels module 11 is different according to selected basic FPGA, right In the FPGA of altera corp, interface is Avalon buses;For the FPGA of Xilinx companies, interface is AXI buses, this implementation In example by taking the FPGA of altera corp as an example.The adaptation module 12 is articulated in PCIe Bar0 (PCIe base address) space, is used for Adaptation of the interface bus of PCIe IP kernels module 11 to local bus.Dma module 13 connects the module of PCIe IP kernels module 11, uses Data transfer between initiation CF cards and CPU.CF Master modules 14 are connected with dma module 13 respectively, for being carried to CF cards Interface for meeting PATA.Control register 15 is articulated under PCIe Bar0 by adaptation module 12, for receiving adaptation module 12 register commands sent, it is additionally operable to connect and controls dma module 13 and CF Master modules 14.In more detail, control is posted Storage 15 includes the dma controller 151 of control dma module 13, includes the CF card controllers of control CF Master modules 14 152。
As shown in figure 3, the dma module 13 includes first interface 131 (Master corresponding with PCIe IP kernels module 11 For AXI/Avalon), with the corresponding second interface 132 (Master AHB) of CF Master modules 14, in addition to sending direction Controller 133 (TX Ctrl), receive direction controller 135 and FIFO (First Input First Output, FIFO Queue) module 134, fifo module 134 includes two FIFO, is sending direction FIFO respectively, receives direction FIFO, sending direction FIFO is used to store the data for needing to write CF cards;Direction FIFO is received to be used to store the number read from CF cards According to.Sending direction controller 133 is used to control dma module 13, and by PCIe IP kernels mould, 11 pieces are read the number for needing to write CF cards According to, i.e. the data for needing to write CF cards are read in the active of dma module 13 from the memory of CPU side.The data for needing to write CF cards are deposited Storage is to the sending direction FIFO in fifo module 134, when the data volume stored in sending direction FIFO reaches AHB Burst During (Advanced High-performance Bus buses burst transfer) length, initiate data to CF Master modules 14 and pass It is defeated, interrupt notification CPU after transmission is completed, discharges CPU in transmitting procedure.Direction controller 135 is received to be used to control dma module 13, the data that CF Master modules 14 are read from CF cards are read, and store into fifo module 134 and receive direction FIFO, tool Body is:When the data that CF Master modules 14 are read from CF cards reach AHB Burst length, CF Master modules 14 pass through Signal notifies dma module 13, and dma module actively initiates AHB interface read data transmission by second interface 132, from CF Master Data are obtained in module 14 and are stored in fifo module 134.When the data volume received in the FIFO of direction reaches PCIe IP kernel moulds During interface bus corresponding to block (such as AvalonBurst) length, CPU side is write data to by PCIe IP kernels module 11 Memory, interrupt notification CPU after transmission is completed, discharges CPU in transmitting procedure.
The CF Master modules 14 realize the function of PATA interfaces, including PIO read-writes, DMA read-writes, equipment identification etc. Command operating, PATA patterns are realized, it is achieved thereby that the control to CF cards (can also be other ATA/ATAPI) equipment.Institute State CF card controllers 152 in control register 15 and also include module register, instruction FIFO register, read fifo register and Fifo register is write, module control register is used to configure matching somebody with somebody for the parameters such as interface sequence, each FIFO depth, FIFO threshold values Put, and be transmitted, the function of the state reporting such as abnormal ending transmission, (instruction FIFO is deposited for each fifo register Device, read fifo register and write fifo register) it is the interface for accessing each FIFO (being located in CF Master modules 14), use To be continuously written into instruction, caching transmission data, improve efficiency of transmission.
Such as Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the present invention realizes that PCIe interface turns the method for CF card interfaces, specifically includes following two parts:
(it is a kind of data-transmission mode defined in CF interfaces, is mainly used in protocol-dependent instruction for the instruction of PIO classes Transmission, it can also be used to data transfer, belong to the data transfer of the transmission means of low speed), the CF controllers in control register 15 Instruction FIFO register in 152 control CF Master modules 14, CF Master modules 14 can be according to the command contents of configuration Corresponding CF card interfaces instruction sequencing is formed, if PIO reading instructions, the data that CF cards return are stored in CF Master modules In reading fifo register in 14;If PIO write commands, after software elder generation configuration-direct fifo register, configurable write FIFO is posted The data are reflected on the interface sequence of CF cards 3 by storage, last CF Master modules 14.
Instructed for Ultra DMA classes, the efficient biography of chunk data is realized by the control dma module 13 of control register 15 It is defeated, by the dma controller 151 in software merit rating control register 15, set maximum burst (bus burst transfer) length, CPU side storage address and this transmission data length, software, which is opened in dma controller 151, controls the work of dma module 13 to open Close, dma module 13 waits the ready request in data/space that CF Master modules 14 provide.In configuration control register 15 CF controllers 152, control CF Master modules 14 send the instruction of Ultra DMA transfers, if writing the instruction of data to CF cards, In CF card controllers 152 when writing data volume in fifo register and being less than threshold values, CF Master modules 14 pass through tx_req signals Dma module 13 is notified, dma module 13 starts actively from CPU side storage purpose address, and (Avalon is total according to Avalon Burst Line burst transfer) length reads data by several times, and actively writes data into and write in fifo register, and then CF Master modules These data are write CF cards by 14 according to CF interface sequences.If CF cards read the instruction of data, then CF Master modules 14 are initiated CF interface sequences read the data of destination address in CF cards, and are stored in the reading fifo register of CF card controllers 152, work as storage When data volume is higher than threshold values, dma module 13 reads and reads fifo register to obtain data by several times according to AHB Busrt length, and These data are actively write into CPU side storage purpose address.One Ultra DMA command usually requires multiple burst could be complete Into data transfer, actively initiated by DMA in this transmitting procedure, release CPU improves system effectiveness.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, for those skilled in the art, is not departing from On the premise of the principle of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also considered as the protection of the present invention Within the scope of.The content not being described in detail in this specification belongs to prior art known to professional and technical personnel in the field.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of fpga chip realized PCIe interface and turn CF card interfaces, CPU and CF cards are connected respectively, it is characterised in that including:
PCIe IP kernel modules, for providing standard PCIe interface to CPU;
Adaptation module, for PCIe IP kernel modules interface bus to local bus adaptation;
Direct memory access module, it is connected with PCIe IP kernel modules, for initiating the data transfer between CF cards and CPU;
CF card interface protocol modules, are connected with direct memory access module, for meeting parallel hard-disk interface skill to CF card offers The interface of art;
Control register, be articulated in by adaptation module under the space of PCIe base address, for control direct memory access module and CF card interface protocol modules.
2. realize that PCIe interface turns the fpga chip of CF card interfaces as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The PCIe IP The interface bus of core module is Avalon buses or AXI buses.
3. realize that PCIe interface turns the fpga chip of CF card interfaces as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The control deposit Device includes the direct memory access controller of control direct memory access module, and the CF cards of control CF card interface protocol modules Controller.
4. realize that PCIe interface turns the fpga chip of CF card interfaces as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:The direct internal memory Access modules include sending direction controller, receive direction controller and First Input First Output module, and sending direction controller is used The data for needing to write CF cards are read by PCIe IP kernels module in control direct memory access module, direction controller is received and uses In control direct memory access module, the data that CF card interfaces protocol module is read from CF cards, First Input First Output mould are read Block includes two First Input First Outputs, is respectively used to what is stored the data for needing to write CF cards and read in the card from CF Data.
5. realize that PCIe interface turns the fpga chip of CF card interfaces as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that:Needed for storing Write in the First Input First Output of the data of CF cards, when data volume reaches bus burst transfer length, assisted to CF card interfaces Discuss module and initiate data transfer.
6. realize that PCIe interface turns the fpga chip of CF card interfaces as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that:For store from In the First Input First Output of the data read in CF cards, when data volume reaches interface bus length corresponding with PCIe IP kernel modules When spending, CPU is write data to by PCIe IP kernel modules by direct memory access module.
7. realize that PCIe interface turns the fpga chip of CF card interfaces as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that:The control deposit CF card controllers in device also include module register, instruction FIFO register, read First Input First Output register With write First Input First Output register, module control register is used to configure interface sequence, each First Input First Output depth, elder generation Enter first dequeue threshold values.
8. PCIe interface turns the method for CF card interfaces to a kind of realizing based on fpga chip described in claim 1, it is characterised in that Including:
Instructed for PIO classes, control register control CF card interface protocol modules, command content is formed into corresponding CF card interfaces Instruction sequencing, if PIO reading instructions, the data that CF cards return are stored in control register, by reading control register Obtain data;If PIO write commands, the data are reflected in interface sequence;
Instructed for Ultra direct memory access class, direct memory access module is controlled by control register, set maximum total Line burst transfer length, CPU side storage address and this transmission data length, direct memory access module wait CF card interfaces association The ready request in data/space that view module provides, it is direct that control register control CF card interfaces protocol module sends Ultra Internal storage access transmission instruction;If writing the instruction of data to CF cards, when control register storage data quantity is less than threshold values, directly Internal storage access module reads data from CPU side, and is stored in control register, by CF card interfaces protocol module according to CF interfaces Sequential writes CF cards;If CF cards read the instruction of data, then CF card interfaces protocol module reads the data of destination address in CF cards, And be stored in control register, when storage data volume is higher than threshold values, internal storage access module directly reads destination address by several times Data, and write CPU side.
9. realize that PCIe interface turns the method for CF card interfaces as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that:The control register bag The CF card controllers of control CF card interface protocol modules are included, CF card controllers include module register, instruction FIFO Register, read First Input First Output register and write First Input First Output register;If PIO reading instructions, CF cards are returned Data, which are stored in, to be read in First Input First Output register;If PIO write commands, posted by software elder generation configuration-direct First Input First Output Storage, it is reconfigured at writing First Input First Output register, finally the data are reflected in interface sequence.
10. realize that PCIe interface turns the method for CF card interfaces as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that:The control register CF card controllers including controlling CF card interface protocol modules, CF card controllers include module register, directly interior for Ultra Deposit and access class instruction, by controlling CF card controllers to configure direct memory access module maximum bus burst transfer length, CPU side Storage address and this transmission data length.
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