CN105165363A - High-yield seed multiplication method for talinum crassifolium - Google Patents
High-yield seed multiplication method for talinum crassifolium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-yield seed multiplication method for talinum crassifolium. The method includes the following steps of seedling selecting, cuttage, repeated pinching, OALPN plant nutrient spraying, OASOS soil nourishing agent irrigation, and picking. The high-yield seed multiplication method for talinum crassifolium is easy to operate, the yield of talinum crassifolium seeds can be greatly increased, more cutting seedlings can be provided, diverse efficient seed multiplication of talinum crassifolium is achieved, and popularization and expanded production of talinum crassifolium are promoted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, particularly relate to a kind of high yield breeding method of Talinum crassifolium.
Background technology
Talinum crassifolium (formal name used at school: Talinumpaniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn.) has another name called: smoke tree orchid, native American ginseng, good fortune ginseng, the period of the day from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m. flower, careless, the native Korean ginseng of flower of cooking, panicled fameflower root, ginseng, water ginseng, purple ginseng etc., belong to Centrospermae, annual or the herbaceos perennial of Portulacaceae, be integrate the dual-purpose high-grade health vegetables of dish medicine, originate in tropical America.It contains the nutriments such as rich in protein, fat, calcium, vitamin, the mineral nutrient element also containing needed by human body such as K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu; Also contain unsaturated fatty acid composition in fat, based on palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, to have certain effect to cardiovascular disease prevention tool.The complete stool such as panicled fameflower leaf, root is pharmaceutically acceptable, and its leaf nature and flavor are micro-sweet, promoting lactation, detumescence poison, can remarkable anti-inflammatory, antibacterial; Its root tonifying middle-Jiao and Qi, moistening lung is promoted the production of body fluid, and radical cure is coughed, overstrain is weak, diarrhoea, neurasthenia, night sweat, spontaneous perspiration, irregular menstruation, milk rareness, juvenile's abnormal heat etc.In a word, Talinum crassifolium is of high nutritive value because of it, and health care is strong, unique flavor, is integrate edible, medicinal novel healthy food, and is thought " Talinum crassifolium benefit surpasses ginseng " by gourmet.
From 1991, many scholars have carried out the research about Talinum crassifolium in succession, produce for the Fast-propagation of Talinum crassifolium and Talinum crassifolium and provide guidance, such as, to the biological property of Talinum crassifolium and the research of culture technique, utilize protoplast, free cell and callus tissue culture to differentiate the research of whole plant, and utilize Talinum crassifolium stem apex to go out from sprouting and becoming the research of whole plant through culture of rootage for explant induction.Research nearly ten years in 2006-2014 years focuses mostly in the biological property, edibility, pharmacology, artificial domesticating cultivation technology, tissue cultures etc. of Talinum crassifolium, but for the Talinum crassifolium that potentiality to be exploited is huge, in reserving seed for planting, research there is no people's research at present, exists blank.
The technology of reserving seed for planting that Talinum crassifolium adopts at present is that routine is reserved seed for planting method, namely: directly allow plant blossom produce seeds seed, main flow is: sowing-nursery-field planting-field rich water quality management-plant blossom is set seeds-sowing.
The grain weight can gathered in the crops every year in Talinum crassifolium seed produces is every mu of 2-5kg, yields poorly.Because grain weight is few, kind grain is little, and on existing network, seed price presses grain metering, and Talinum crassifolium seed not easily germinates, higher with kind of cost.Although Talinum crassifolium is perennial plant, it is as the greenery class Fast-growing vegetables of edible tender leaf and tender stem apex, and in cultivation, seed costs is high, has become the big factors that restriction is at present produced.
In seed produces, the Talinum crassifolium grain weight that conventional breeding technique obtains is few, and seed produces cost is high, and domestic at present also do not have a specialized Talinum crassifolium seed production and marketing business, and the industrialization level of seed is extremely low.Therefore, for promoting applying and expanding production of this high-quality health-care vegetable of Talinum crassifolium, high yield breeding technique has very important realistic meaning.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for overcoming prior art deficiency, purport of the present invention is in the high yield breeding method providing a kind of Talinum crassifolium.
Technical scheme: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A high yield breeding method for Talinum crassifolium, comprises the following steps:
1), adopt 1 year seedling plant, cultivate the healthy and strong stem of high-quality; When Second Year beginning of spring, when temperature recovery is to 20-24 DEG C, selection length is 14-18cm, diameter is 1-1.5cm, and shoot tip meristem is complete, have more than 4 true leaves, leaf dark green, the harm of anosis worm, the strong healthy and strong plant branch of vitality, as cuttage branch, carries out open country cuttage cultivation;
2), after cuttage seeding survives, pinching is carried out to the tender tip, spray OALPN nutrient for plants after pinching and water and execute OASOS soil and increase and support agent two kinds of fertilizer, impel side shoot constantly to grow;
3), the growth of cuttage seedlings phase is during 3 the first tenday period of a month-mid-June, the growing environment of general management cuttage seeding, mean temperature 23 DEG C-25 DEG C, sunshine is adopted to be that the substantial light of more than 7 hours is according to, employing " see dry see wet " water management method, namely after watering, soil turns white and just waters, until seed maturity is plucked;
4), later stage pinching " is shown in that top is just plucked ": along with the rising of temperature, plant constantly grows, branch amount increases, plant progresses into the maturing stage, and the side shoot of new pumping grows, when even first leaf is not also carried out at second leaf, the speed of top formation inflorescence is accelerated, now must examine every day, as long as one occurs inflorescence, just extract inflorescence top in time.
Above-mentioned OALPN is OpenAll
(R)plantNutriment, OASOS are OpenAll
(R)soilOxygenSupplement.
Operation principle: the stem of Talinum crassifolium plant and the growth relationship of side shoot are negative correlation, namely: trunk diameter growth can suppress the growth of side shoot, otherwise extract growing point, side shoot is flourishing; Talinum crassifolium plant branch ability is strong, and the axil place of every sheet blade and stem junction, can germinate axillalry bud and then pumping side shoot; Constantly pinching, just can impel side shoot constantly to grow; The branch feature of Talinum crassifolium is dichotomous branch, and when Plant Leaf grows to 7-8 sheet leaf, when temperature reaches 25 DEG C-28 DEG C, plant top will pumping inflorescence, blossoms and has seeds, again can not form vegetative shoot, become inflorescence.
Described step 2) in, spray OALPN nutrient for plants and watering to execute OASOS soil and increase and support agent two plant growth nutrient fertilizer method and be: first take every the pinching of 2-3 sheet leaf once, the 3rd day after every pinching once, plant is sprayed to be watered rear concentration be that the OALPN nutrient for plants and watering of 1%-1.5% executes that to be watered rear concentration be that the OASOS soil of 1%-1.5% increases and supports agent fertilizer, be divided into and do not execute 3 times, the amount at every turn spraying OALPN nutrient for plants is 0.63 liter/mu, and watering the amount executing the foster agent of OASOS soil increasing is 68.7 liters/mu; Can impel that leaf growth is luxuriant, stem is long thick.
Described step 3) in again can not form vegetative shoot when cuttage seeding, after becoming inflorescence, then spray to be watered OALPN nutrient for plants that rear concentration is 1%-1.5% and to water and execute that to be watered rear concentration be that the OASOS soil of 1%-1.5% increases and supports agent fertilizer; The amount spraying OALPN nutrient for plants is 0.63 liter/mu, and watering the amount executing the foster agent of OASOS soil increasing is 68.7 liters/mu; Can plant strain growth be strengthened vigorous, improve ability of blossoming and having seeds.
Water and execute OASOS soil and increase that to support agent fertilizer number of times be 1-2 time, can promote that plant is to the absorption of soil nutrient, especially to plant growth under clayed soil and saline-alkali soil condition, promote that plant root is to the absorption of nutrient, promotes plant nutrition organ growth and blooms.
This method is the breeding technique under open country condition, under the protecting field facilities such as booth mulch film, applicable equally.
The NM technology of the present invention is prior art.
Beneficial effect: the high yield breeding method of Talinum crassifolium of the present invention is simple to operate, can increase substantially the output of Talinum crassifolium seed, can provide more cuttage seeding simultaneously, make Talinum crassifolium realize the efficient breeding of diversification, promotes that Talinum crassifolium is promoted and expanding production.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, illustrate content of the present invention further below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention is not only confined to the following examples.
Embodiment 1
A high yield breeding method for Talinum crassifolium, comprises the following steps:
1), adopt 1 year seedling plant, cultivate the healthy and strong stem of high-quality; When Second Year beginning of spring, when temperature recovery is to 20 DEG C, selection length is 14cm, and diameter is 1cm, and shoot tip meristem is complete, have more than 4 true leaves, leaf dark green, anosis worm harm, and the strong healthy and strong plant branch of vitality, as cuttage branch, carries out open country cuttage cultivation;
2), after cuttage seeding survives, the OpenAll board OASOS soil of the OpenAll board OALPN nutrient for plants and the production of DeutrelIndustriesLancaster.California company of the Jiao Shi U.S. that spray the production of DeutrelIndustriesLancaster.California company of the U.S. after carrying out pinching to the tender tip in time increases supports agent two kinds of fertilizer, spray OALPN nutrient for plants and watering to execute OASOS soil and increase and support agent two plant growth nutrient fertilizer method and be: first take every 2 leaf pinching once, the 3rd day after every pinching once, to plant spray be watered rear concentration be 1% OALPN nutrient for plants and watering execute be watered rear concentration be 1% OASOS soil increase and support agent fertilizer, be divided into and do not execute 3 times, the amount at every turn spraying OALPN nutrient for plants is 0.63 liter/mu, watering the amount executing the foster agent of OASOS soil increasing is 68.7 liters/mu, side shoot is impelled constantly to grow, leaf growth is luxuriant, stem is long thick,
3), the growth of cuttage seedlings phase is during 3 the first tenday period of a month-mid-June, the growing environment of general management cuttage seeding, adopt mean temperature 23 DEG C, sunshine be 7 hours substantial light according to, adopt " see dry see wet " water management method, after namely watering, soil turns white and just waters, until seed maturity is plucked; When cuttage seeding again can not form vegetative shoot, after becoming inflorescence, then spray be watered for 1 time rear concentration be 1% OALPN nutrient for plants and watering execute be watered for 1 time rear concentration be 1% OASOS soil increase and support agent fertilizer; The amount spraying OALPN nutrient for plants is 0.63 liter/mu, watering the amount executing the foster agent of OASOS soil increasing is 68.7 liters/mu, strengthen plant strain growth vigorous, improve ability of blossoming and having seeds, promote that plant is to the absorption of soil nutrient, especially to plant growth under clayed soil and saline-alkali soil condition, promote that plant root is to the absorption of nutrient, promotes plant nutrition organ growth and blooms.
4), later stage pinching " is shown in that top is just plucked ": along with the rising of temperature, plant constantly grows, branch amount increases, plant progresses into the maturing stage, and the side shoot of new pumping grows, when even first leaf is not also carried out at second leaf, the speed of top formation inflorescence is accelerated, now must examine every day, as long as one occurs inflorescence, just extract inflorescence top in time.
Obtain through experiment:
On a strain Talinum crassifolium plant, routine is reserved seed for planting mode:
The fruit branch that the seedling of annual Talinum crassifolium obtains is 14.2, and each branch is long 44.29cm on average, every average really pod number 48.4 of fruit ear, every fruit pod seed number 13.5; The seed that can gather in the crops weighs 2.04 grams;
The plant that annual cuttage seeding is formed, maximum obtainable fruit branch is 25.5, and each branch is long 54.29cm on average, every average really pod number 86.3 of fruit ear, every fruit pod seed number 15.5; Obtain each spike length 50.23cm, every fruit pod seed number 11-14 grain, the seed that can gather in the crops weighs 7.5 grams.
The high yield breeding method of Talinum crassifolium of the present invention: annual cuttage seeding adopts this pinching method and sprays OALPN nutrient for plants+OASOS soil and increases foster agent fertilizer, it is 34.2 that one strain Talinum crassifolium can obtain fruit branch, each fruit ear is long 76.45cm on average, average fruit pod number 165.6 on every fruit ear, average seed number 22 in each fruit pod.To reserve seed for planting mode gained seed amount far beyond routine.Talinum crassifolium thousand grain weigth 0.2274g, the seed that can gather in the crops weighs 27.4 grams.
Embodiment 2
A high yield breeding method for Talinum crassifolium, comprises the following steps:
1), adopt 1 year seedling plant, cultivate the healthy and strong stem of high-quality; When Second Year beginning of spring, when temperature recovery is to 24 DEG C, selection length is 18cm, and diameter is 1.5cm, and shoot tip meristem is complete, have more than 4 true leaves, leaf dark green, anosis worm harm, and the strong healthy and strong plant branch of vitality, as cuttage branch, carries out open country cuttage cultivation;
2), after cuttage seeding survives, the OpenAll board OASOS soil of the OpenAll board OALPN nutrient for plants and the production of DeutrelIndustriesLancaster.California company of the Jiao Shi U.S. that spray the production of DeutrelIndustriesLancaster.California company of the U.S. after carrying out pinching to the tender tip in time increases supports agent two kinds of fertilizer, spray OALPN nutrient for plants and watering to execute OASOS soil and increase and support agent two plant growth nutrient fertilizer method and be: first take every 3 leaf pinching once, the 3rd day after every pinching once, to plant spray be watered rear concentration be 1.5% OALPN nutrient for plants and watering execute be watered rear concentration be 1.5% OASOS soil increase and support agent fertilizer, be divided into and do not execute 3 times, the amount at every turn spraying OALPN nutrient for plants is 0.63 liter/mu, watering the amount executing the foster agent of OASOS soil increasing is 68.7 liters/mu, side shoot is impelled constantly to grow, leaf growth is luxuriant, stem is long thick,
3), the growth of cuttage seedlings phase is during 3 the first tenday period of a month-mid-June, the growing environment of general management cuttage seeding, adopt mean temperature 25 DEG C, sunshine be 8 hours substantial light according to, adopt " see dry see wet " water management method, after namely watering, soil turns white and just waters, until seed maturity is plucked; When cuttage seeding again can not form vegetative shoot, after becoming inflorescence, then spray be watered for 1 time rear concentration be 1.5% OALPN nutrient for plants and watering execute be watered for 2 times rear concentration be 1.5% OASOS soil increase and support agent fertilizer; The amount spraying OALPN nutrient for plants is 0.63 liter/mu, watering the amount executing the foster agent of OASOS soil increasing is 68.7 liters/mu, strengthen plant strain growth vigorous, improve ability of blossoming and having seeds, promote that plant is to the absorption of soil nutrient, especially to plant growth under clayed soil and saline-alkali soil condition, promote that plant root is to the absorption of nutrient, promotes plant nutrition organ growth and blooms.
4), later stage pinching " is shown in that top is just plucked ": along with the rising of temperature, plant constantly grows, branch amount increases, plant progresses into the maturing stage, and the side shoot of new pumping grows, when even first leaf is not also carried out at second leaf, the speed of top formation inflorescence is accelerated, now must examine every day, as long as one occurs inflorescence, just extract inflorescence top in time.
Obtain through experiment:
On a strain Talinum crassifolium plant, routine is reserved seed for planting mode:
The fruit branch that the seedling of annual Talinum crassifolium obtains is 14.2, and each branch is long 44.29cm on average, every average really pod number 48.4 of fruit ear, every fruit pod seed number 13.5; The seed that can gather in the crops weighs 2.04 grams;
The plant that annual cuttage seeding is formed, maximum obtainable fruit branch is 25.5, and each branch is long 54.29cm on average, every average really pod number 86.3 of fruit ear, every fruit pod seed number 15.5; Obtain each spike length 50.23cm, every fruit pod seed number 11-14 grain, the seed that can gather in the crops weighs 7.5 grams.
The high yield breeding method of Talinum crassifolium of the present invention: annual cuttage seeding adopts this pinching method and sprays OALPN nutrient for plants+OASOS soil and increases foster agent fertilizer, it is 34.5 that one strain Talinum crassifolium can obtain fruit branch, each fruit ear is long 77cm on average, average fruit pod number 166 on every fruit ear, average seed number 23 in each fruit pod.To reserve seed for planting mode gained seed amount far beyond routine.Talinum crassifolium thousand grain weigth 0.2274g, the seed that can gather in the crops weighs 29.95 grams.
This method is the breeding technique under open country condition, under the protecting field facilities such as booth mulch film, applicable equally.
Below be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also adjust each facility locations, these adjustment also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a high yield breeding method for Talinum crassifolium, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1), adopt 1 year seedling plant, cultivate the healthy and strong stem of high-quality; When Second Year beginning of spring, when temperature recovery is to 20-24 DEG C, selection length is 14-18cm, diameter is 1-1.5cm, and shoot tip meristem is complete, have more than 4 true leaves, leaf dark green, the harm of anosis worm, the strong healthy and strong plant branch of vitality, as cuttage branch, carries out open country cuttage cultivation;
2), after cuttage seeding survives, pinching is carried out to the tender tip, spray OALPN nutrient for plants after pinching and water and execute OASOS soil and increase and support agent two kinds of fertilizer, impel side shoot constantly to grow;
3), the growth of cuttage seedlings phase is during 3 the first tenday period of a month-mid-June, the growing environment of general management cuttage seeding, mean temperature 23 DEG C-25 DEG C, sunshine is adopted to be that the substantial light of more than 7 hours is according to, employing " see dry see wet " water management method, namely after watering, soil turns white and just waters, until seed maturity is plucked;
4), later stage pinching " is shown in that top is just plucked ": along with the rising of temperature, plant constantly grows, branch amount increases, plant progresses into the maturing stage, and the side shoot of new pumping grows, when even first leaf is not also carried out at second leaf, the speed of top formation inflorescence is accelerated, now must examine every day, as long as one occurs inflorescence, just extract inflorescence top in time.
2. the high yield breeding method of Talinum crassifolium as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 2) in, spray OALPN nutrient for plants and watering to execute OASOS soil and increase and support agent two plant growth nutrient fertilizer method and be: first take every the pinching of 2-3 sheet leaf once, the 3rd day after every pinching once, plant is sprayed to be watered rear concentration be that the OALPN nutrient for plants and watering of 1%-1.5% executes that to be watered rear concentration be that the OASOS soil of 1%-1.5% increases and supports agent fertilizer, be divided into and do not execute 3 times, the amount at every turn spraying OALPN nutrient for plants is 0.63 liter/mu, watering the amount executing the foster agent of OASOS soil increasing is 68.7 liters/mu.
3. the high yield breeding method of Talinum crassifolium as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described step 3) in again can not form vegetative shoot when cuttage seeding, after becoming inflorescence, then spray that to be watered rear concentration be that the OALPN nutrient for plants and watering of 1%-1.5% executes that to be watered rear concentration be that the OASOS soil of 1%-1.5% increases and supports agent fertilizer; The amount spraying OALPN nutrient for plants is 0.63 liter/mu, and watering the amount executing the foster agent of OASOS soil increasing is 68.7 liters/mu.
4. the high yield breeding method of Talinum crassifolium as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: watering and executing the foster agent fertilizer number of times of OASOS soil increasing is 1-2 time.
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CN107079757A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-08-22 | 河池乐康生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of camphor tree cuttage and seedling culture |
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