CN105145444A - Culture method of Helice tientsinensis megalopae - Google Patents
Culture method of Helice tientsinensis megalopae Download PDFInfo
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- CN105145444A CN105145444A CN201510704894.7A CN201510704894A CN105145444A CN 105145444 A CN105145444 A CN 105145444A CN 201510704894 A CN201510704894 A CN 201510704894A CN 105145444 A CN105145444 A CN 105145444A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a culture method of Helice tientsinensis megalopae. The method includes the steps of nursery pond building, water inflow and disinfection, water fertilization, parent crab purchasing and basket hanging, water quality management, feed culture, bait feeding and disease prevention and treatment. Compared with the prior art, through the method, Helice tientsinensis megalopae can be cultured on a large scale, and seedlings are provided for reproduction and releasing and artificial breeding of the variety resources. Meanwhile, seedlings are ecologically cultured in an earth pond which can adsorb hazardous substances in seedling culture water better than an indoor cement pond, and therefore the cultured seedlings are good in quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crab class nursery field, be specifically related to the breeding method of the thick crab megalops larva in a kind of Tianjin.
Background technology
The thick crab in Tianjin (Helicetientsinensis) is the economic crab that China coast extensively distributes, and is subordinate to Crustachia, Gong Xie section, circle side's crab subfamily, thick crab genus.
The thick crab in Tianjin is distributed in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea climax band or the supratidal zone a kind of crab class with certain economic value particularly near river mouth.Be one of member important in the Regional Biodiversity member of intertidal zone, and itself there is good edibility, be always considered as treasure delicacies by people.
Over nearly twenty or thirty year, along with coastal exploitation puts more effort, the Tianjin original ecosystem of thick crab is subject to great destruction, and stock number declines to a great extent.
This method adopts the thick crab megalops larva in artificial culture Tianjin, can carry out resource and releases and propagate artificially, overcome natural resources deficiency, reaches the object of becoming better increasing market aquatic products supply, promote coastal ecotope.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the breeding method of the thick crab megalops larva in a kind of Tianjin, with the problem that the culture efficiency solving prior art existence is not high.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A breeding method for the thick crab megalops larva in Tianjin, it comprises the steps:
(1) dig and build nursery pond, shape is advisable with rectangle, and area is 1 ~ 3 mu, places gas charging stone in pond, and nursery pond surrounding slope is than being 1:1;
(2) after water inlet, water body is carried out disinfection in pond, within 10 days, measure water body chlorinity afterwards, add sodium thiosulfate if any residual chlorine and remove;
(3) through sterilization in step (2) with except after chlorine residue, be sprinkled into after composite fertilizer being dissolved in water in nursery pond;
(4) water body disinfection is after 15 days, and the palmic rate of zoea is higher than Tianjin of 100 beats/min thick crab oogenesis parent crab hanging basket by body weight 8 ~ 12g and in fertilization egg membrane;
(5), after oogenesis parent crab hanging basket, once-combined fertilizer was used every 2 days;
(6) the thick crab in Tianjin development of fertilized ova to Tianjin thick crab zoea IV after date, start to throw something and feed wheel animalcule to nursery pond, until the thick crab zoea in Tianjin is grown for the thick crab megalops larva in Tianjin;
(7), in cultivating process, the control of disease, to put prevention first, is produced apparatus etc. and all will be re-used after strict sterilization.
In step (1), nursery pond excavation can not be too large, and the thick crab zoea in Tianjin is under the impact of the external factors such as illumination, and aggregation phenomenon is serious, can cause ischaemia; Wherein, place one piece of gas charging stone for every 25 ~ 30 square metres in nursery pond, gas charging stone is formed through high temperature sintering by superhard corundum, and specification is: the cylindricality gas charging stone of 3 × 6 centimeters.
In step (2), in pond, water inlet is in advance through 150 order filter screen filtration, the depth of water 1.3 ~ 1.6m in water inlet after-bay; Depth of water should not be crossed shallow or excessively dark, and when crossing shallow, the condition of culture such as salinity receive environmental influence vary within wide limits, and when crossing dark, the maintenance of the Micro Algae density in water does not reach requirement.
In step (2), water body disinfection method is: carry out disinfection to water body with bleaching powder, and consumption is 50 ~ 100kg/ mu.
In step (2), water body chlorinty to be measured with after bleaching powder sterilization, remove if any residual chlorine sodium thiosulfate, because Tianjin thick crab zoea is very sensitive to chlorine residue, and occur mortality.
In step (3), composite fertilizer's consumption is 4 ~ 8kg/ mu; Wherein, after composite fertilizer uses 5 days, in nursery pond, water transparency is 22 ~ 28cm.
In step (3), preferably, composite fertilizer's consumption is 4 ~ 6kg/ mu for the first time, with full pool spilling head after water-soluble solution; Add composite fertilizer 0 ~ 2kg/ mu according to water transparency situation in 5 days after applied once composite fertilizer, after making 5 days, in nursery pond, water transparency is 25cm.
In step (3) and (5), the fertilizer used in nursery pond is composite fertilizer, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium available nutrient content are 15-15-15; Directly should not use ammonia fertilizer etc., because after the fertilisings such as ammonia fertilizer, fertilization effect is very fast, the Micro Algae Fast-propagation in water body, can produce water body overfertilization in the short time, and after several days, water body is just become thin fast, affects normally ingesting of the thick crab young in Tianjin.
In step (3), maintenance water transparency is the key of nursery, and Micro Algae is the irreplaceable bait of Tianjin thick crab zoea, and the maintenance of the density of Micro Algae is the important ring improving survival rate of seedling.
In step (4), Tianjin thick crab oogenesis parent crab hanging basket is generally in mid-May, the Middle Jiangsu Province coastal area that water temperature is greater than 18 DEG C is selected, and the development of fertilized ova situation of selected close crab needs basically identical (just can distinguish with visual inspection and microscopic examination).Ovigerous crab should not be selected by the mode of manually operated mating.
In step (4), thick crab oogenesis parent crab must catch by coastal net bamboo weir in Tianjin, because the thick crab in the Tianjin that net bamboo weir catches parent crab grows comparatively synchronous, artificial evening can not be used with the Lu Sheng Tianjin thick crab parent crab that light catches, because of cave the degree of depth not etc., the factor such as Chaoyang makes the temperature contrast in cave comparatively large, and close crab grows uneven.
In step (4), the every basket of oogenesis parent crab puts 50 ~ 70, and in nursery pond, density is 800 ~ 1000/mu.
In step (4), hang close crab 800 ~ 1000 for every mu, often only close crab on average produces the young 2.85 ten thousand, young density 2 ~ 30,000/m
3, suitable density is the important measures of stable yields.
In step (5), the amount of application of composite fertilizer is 2kg/ mu; Wherein, in nursery pond, water transparency is 25 ~ 30cm.
In step (6), wheel animalcule feeding method is: throw something and feed every day twice, twice interval 10 ~ 14h, and preferably the morning and evening 5 respectively throws something and feeds once;
Wherein,
When the thick crab zoea in Tianjin was in for IV phase, density of throwing something and feeding is 1000 ~ 1200/L;
When the thick crab zoea in Tianjin was in for V phase, density of throwing something and feeding is 2000 ~ 3000/L;
The thick crab zoea in Tianjin is grown for after megalops larva, and density of throwing something and feeding is 3000 ~ 4000/L.
In step (6), wheel animalcule throws something and feeds density can not be too high, and the space that too high meeting brings the young to live is suppressed, thus occur the phenomenon of the large quantities of death of the young.
In step (7), disease, to put prevention first, is produced apparatus etc. and all will be re-used after strict sterilization.Earth pond ecological seedling raising manners water body is comparatively large, and be just difficult to control once generation disease, survival rate of seedling will decline to a great extent.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1, can cultivate the thick crab megalops larva in Tianjin in enormous quantities, the increment for this variety source is released and propagated artificially provides seed;
2, the output of the thick crab in Tianjin nursery is higher, stable, becomes the basis of this kind industrialization;
3, this invention is earth pond ecological nursery, and because Tu Chi is better than again indoor water mud sump to the adsorptivity of the harmful substance in seedling water, the fry quality cultivated is good.
Embodiment
According to following embodiment, the present invention may be better understood.But those skilled in the art will readily understand, the content described by embodiment only for illustration of the present invention, and should can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims yet.
Embodiment 1
A breeding method for the thick crab megalops larva in Tianjin, it comprises the steps:
The structure of a, nursery pond: nursery pond excavation is advisable with rectangle, each pool area is at 1 mu ~ 3 mu, and the depth of water is generally at 1.3 meters, and gas charging stone generally every 30 square metres, surrounding slope is than being 1:1.
B, water inlet and sterilization: with the disposable water inlet of 150 order screen pack 1.3 meters.Larval culture carries out disinfection to water body for first 15 days, mu 50 kilograms, bleaching powder, sterilizes and measures water body chlorinty in latter 10 days, remove if any residual chlorine sodium thiosulfate.
C, rich water: through sterilization in step (2) with except after chlorine residue, with composite fertilizer 4 kgs/acre, full pool spilling head after water-soluble solution, after general five days, water transparency reaches about 25 centimeters, if the excessive midway of transparency can add a fertilizer, 2 kgs/acre.
D, close crab are chosen: Middle Jiangsu Province is coastal in mid-May, and water temperature more than 18 DEG C can be selected.Selected close crab fertilized egg will be grown basically identical, just can distinguish with visual inspection and microscopic examination.Ovigerous crab should not be selected by the mode of manually operated mating.
E, Gua Lou, density: the growth observing close crab oogenesis, in film, the heartbeat of zoea reaches more than 100 times per minute and gets final product hanging basket, and the every basket of close crab of about body weight 10g puts 50, hangs close crab 800 for every mu, every only close crab on average produces the young 2.85 ten thousand, young density 20,000/m
3, cultivating survival rate 60%.
F, water quality management: Tianjin thick crab zoea first phase need not to be thrown something and fed bait to three phases, main is food by phytoplankton in water, within every 2 days, will apply fertilizer once, with composite fertilizer 2 kgs/acre.Keep water transparency 30 centimeters.
G, bait are cultivated: Tianjin thick crab zoea IV phase will to throw something and feed wheel animalcule to megalops larva, and according to the rotifer breeding ponds of the supporting proper area of the area of nursery, the area ratio in nursery pond and wheel animalcule pond is 1:0.5.
H, biological feed are thrown something and fed: Tianjin thick crab zoea IV phase starts wheel animalcule of throwing something and feeding, throw something and feed every day 2 times, morning 5:00 and afternoon 5:00, zoea IV phase throws something and feeds density at 1000/L, zoea V phase throws something and feeds density at 2000/L, and megalops larva throws something and feeds density at 3000/L.
I, disease control: disease, to put prevention first, is produced apparatus etc. and all will be re-used after strict sterilization.
From product children to emerging 24 days, every mu goes out megalops larva 20 kilograms.
Embodiment 2
A breeding method for the thick crab megalops larva in Tianjin, it comprises the steps:
The structure of a, nursery pond: nursery pond excavation is advisable with rectangle, each pool area is at 1 mu ~ 3 mu, and the depth of water is generally at 1.45 meters, and gas charging stone generally every 28 square metres, surrounding slope is than being 1:1.
B, water inlet and sterilization: with the disposable water inlet of 150 order screen pack 1.45 meters.Larval culture carries out disinfection to water body for first 15 days, mu 75 kilograms, bleaching powder, sterilizes and measures water body chlorinty in latter 10 days, remove if any residual chlorine sodium thiosulfate;
C, rich water: through sterilization in step (2) with except after chlorine residue, with composite fertilizer 5/ mu, full pool spilling head after water-soluble solution, after general five days, water transparency reaches about 25 centimeters, if the excessive midway of transparency can add a fertilizer, 2 kgs/acre.
D, close crab are chosen: Middle Jiangsu Province is coastal in mid-May, and water temperature more than 18 DEG C can be selected.Selected close crab fertilized egg will be grown basically identical, just can distinguish with visual inspection and microscopic examination.Ovigerous crab should not be selected by the mode of manually operated mating.
E, Gua Lou, density: the growth observing close crab oogenesis, in film, the heartbeat of zoea reaches more than 100 times per minute and gets final product hanging basket, and the every basket of close crab of about body weight 10g puts 60, hangs close crab 900 for every mu, every only close crab on average produces the young 2.85 ten thousand, young density 2.5 ten thousand/m
3, cultivating survival rate 55%.
F, water quality management: Tianjin thick crab zoea first phase need not to be thrown something and fed bait to three phases, main is food by phytoplankton in water, within every 2 days, will apply fertilizer once, with composite fertilizer 2 kgs/acre.Keep water transparency 28 centimeters.
G, bait are cultivated: Tianjin thick crab zoea IV phase will to throw something and feed wheel animalcule to megalops larva, and according to the rotifer breeding ponds of the supporting proper area of the area of nursery, the area ratio in nursery pond and wheel animalcule pond is 1:0.5.
H, biological feed are thrown something and fed: Tianjin thick crab zoea IV phase starts wheel animalcule of throwing something and feeding, throw something and feed every day 2 times, morning 5:00 and afternoon 5:00, zoea IV phase throws something and feeds density at 1100/L, zoea V phase throws something and feeds density at 2500/L, and megalops larva throws something and feeds density at 3500/L.
I, disease control: disease, to put prevention first, is produced apparatus etc. and all will be re-used after strict sterilization.
From product children to emerging 24 days, every mu goes out megalops larva 25 kilograms.
Embodiment 3
A breeding method for the thick crab megalops larva in Tianjin, it comprises the steps:
The structure of a, nursery pond: nursery pond excavation is advisable with rectangle, each pool area is at 1 mu ~ 3 mu, and the depth of water is generally at 1.6 meters, and gas charging stone generally every 25 square metres, surrounding slope is than being 1:1.
B, water inlet and sterilization: with the disposable water inlet of 150 order screen pack 1.6 meters.Larval culture carries out disinfection to water body for first 15 days, mu bleaching powder double centner, sterilizes and measures water body chlorinty in latter 10 days, remove if any residual chlorine sodium thiosulfate.
C, rich water: through sterilization in step (2) with except after chlorine residue, with composite fertilizer 6 kgs/acre, full pool spilling head after water-soluble solution, after general five days, water transparency reaches about 25 centimeters, if the excessive midway of transparency can add a fertilizer, 2 kgs/acre.
D, close crab are chosen: Middle Jiangsu Province is coastal in mid-May, and water temperature more than 18 DEG C can be selected.Selected close crab fertilized egg will be grown basically identical, just can distinguish with visual inspection and microscopic examination.Ovigerous crab should not be selected by the mode of manually operated mating.
E, Gua Lou, density: the growth observing close crab oogenesis, in film, the heartbeat of zoea reaches more than 100 times per minute and gets final product hanging basket, and the every basket of close crab of about body weight 10g puts 70, hangs close crab 1000 for every mu, every only close crab on average produces the young 2.85 ten thousand, young density 30,000/m
3, cultivating survival rate 50%.
F, water quality management: Tianjin thick crab zoea first phase need not to be thrown something and fed bait to three phases, main is food by phytoplankton in water, within every 2 days, will apply fertilizer once, with composite fertilizer 2 kgs/acre.Keep water transparency 25 centimeters.
G, bait are cultivated: Tianjin thick crab zoea IV phase will to throw something and feed wheel animalcule to megalops larva, and according to the rotifer breeding ponds of the supporting proper area of the area of nursery, the area ratio in nursery pond and wheel animalcule pond is 1:0.5.
H, biological feed are thrown something and fed: Tianjin thick crab zoea IV phase starts wheel animalcule of throwing something and feeding, throw something and feed every day 2 times, morning 5:00 and afternoon 5:00, zoea IV phase throws something and feeds density at 1200/L, zoea V phase throws something and feeds density at 3000/L, and megalops larva throws something and feeds density at 4000/L.
I, disease control: disease, to put prevention first, is produced apparatus etc. and all will be re-used after strict sterilization.
From product children to emerging 24 days, every mu goes out megalops larva 30 kilograms.
Claims (8)
1. a breeding method for the thick crab megalops larva in Tianjin, it is characterized in that, it comprises the steps:
(1) dig and build nursery pond, place gas charging stone in pond, nursery pond surrounding slope is than being 1:1;
(2) after water inlet, water body is carried out disinfection in pond, within 10 days, measure water body chlorinity afterwards, add sodium thiosulfate if any residual chlorine and remove;
(3) through sterilization in step (2) with except after chlorine residue, be sprinkled into after composite fertilizer being dissolved in water in nursery pond;
(4) water body disinfection is after 15 days, and the palmic rate of zoea is higher than Tianjin of 100 beats/min thick crab oogenesis parent crab hanging basket by body weight 8 ~ 12g and in fertilization egg membrane;
(5), after oogenesis parent crab hanging basket, once-combined fertilizer was used every 2 days;
(6) the thick crab in Tianjin development of fertilized ova to Tianjin thick crab zoea IV after date, start to throw something and feed wheel animalcule to nursery pond, until the thick crab zoea in Tianjin is grown for the thick crab megalops larva in Tianjin.
2. breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), places one piece of gas charging stone for every 25 ~ 30 square metres.
3. breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (2), in pond, water inlet is in advance through 150 order filter screen filtration, the depth of water 1.3 ~ 1.6m in water inlet after-bay.
4. breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (2), water body disinfection method is: carry out disinfection to water body with bleaching powder, and consumption is 50 ~ 100kg/ mu.
5. breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (3), composite fertilizer's consumption is 4 ~ 8kg/ mu; Wherein, after composite fertilizer uses 5 days, in nursery pond, water transparency is 22 ~ 28cm.
6. breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (4), oogenesis parent crab hanging basket density is 800 ~ 1000/mu.
7. breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (5), the amount of application of composite fertilizer is 2kg/ mu; Wherein, in nursery pond, water transparency is 25 ~ 30cm.
8. breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (6), wheel animalcule feeding method is: throw something and feed every day twice, twice interval 10 ~ 14h;
Wherein,
When the thick crab zoea in Tianjin was in for IV phase, density of throwing something and feeding is 1000 ~ 1200/L;
When the thick crab zoea in Tianjin was in for V phase, density of throwing something and feeding is 2000 ~ 3000/L;
The thick crab zoea in Tianjin is grown for after megalops larva, and density of throwing something and feeding is 3000 ~ 4000/L.
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CN1342402A (en) * | 2000-09-12 | 2002-04-03 | 盘锦辽河三角洲河蟹养殖有限公司 | Ecological breeding method of river crab |
CN1826881A (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2006-09-06 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | Method for breeding river crab |
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CN103141422A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2013-06-12 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Cultivation method for green crab seedlings in pond |
CN103734043A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-04-23 | 兴化市板桥故里水产品养殖有限公司 | High-density crab seed breeding method |
CN104186380A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2014-12-10 | 奉化益珍海藻科技有限公司 | High-efficiency crab seed breeding method for portunus trituberculatus through earth pond greenhouse facilities |
-
2015
- 2015-10-27 CN CN201510704894.7A patent/CN105145444A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1342402A (en) * | 2000-09-12 | 2002-04-03 | 盘锦辽河三角洲河蟹养殖有限公司 | Ecological breeding method of river crab |
CN1826881A (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2006-09-06 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | Method for breeding river crab |
CN102090356A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-06-15 | 广西壮族自治区海洋研究所 | Method for ecologically cultivating larva of blue crab in pond |
CN103141422A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2013-06-12 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Cultivation method for green crab seedlings in pond |
CN103734043A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-04-23 | 兴化市板桥故里水产品养殖有限公司 | High-density crab seed breeding method |
CN104186380A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2014-12-10 | 奉化益珍海藻科技有限公司 | High-efficiency crab seed breeding method for portunus trituberculatus through earth pond greenhouse facilities |
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