CN105130587A - Harmless and environment-friendly wheat straw biocarbon fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a harmless and environment-friendly wheat straw biocarbon fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 43 to 48 parts of wheat bran, 2 to 4 parts of sodium selenite, 20 to 25 parts of durian shell, 2 to 4 parts of sodium carbonate, 2 to 3 parts of borax, 26 to 30 parts of tobacco leaf, 1 to 3 parts of nitrilotriacetic acid, 150 to 160 parts of fresh enteromorpha, 4 to 5 parts of composite microbial inoculant, 220 to 230 parts of wheat straw, 32 to 56 parts of fresh urine, and a proper amount of water. The biocarbon fertilizer raw material sources are wide, the fertilizer is harmless to the environment; the waste resources such as tobacco leaf, durian shell, straws, and the like are recycled, then the wastes are fermented and chelated so as to convert the wastes into nutrients that can be easily absorbed by the crops; the added nitrilotriacetic acid can modulate the growth of crops, the crops can be harvested earlier, at the same time, nitrilotriacetic acid has a strong bio-degrading performance, the generated CO2 and NH3 can promote the photosynthesis of crops and enhance the soil fertility, and thus the provided novel biocarbon fertilizer is environment-friendly and efficient.

Description

Wheat straw biologic charcoal fertilizer of a kind of harmless environmental protection and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of technical field of fertilizers, wheat straw biologic charcoal fertilizer of particularly a kind of harmless environmental protection and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Biomass charcoal is that biomass carbonize through limit oxygen thermo-cracking the organic substance being rich in stability carbon obtained, charcoal not only effectively can promote the organic carbon content in soil, while progressively improving soil fertilizer, water retention property, for aspects such as reduction soil nutrient losses, there is good effect equally.

Along with the continuous lifting of agricultural products in China export ratio, agricultural will constantly be upgraded for the requirement of fertilizer, soil fertility, therefore the angle promoted from change and the fertility of soil and fertilizer kind uses charcoal fertilizer, produces great prograding by the adjustment of China's structure of agricultural production and the lifting of export of farm produce comprehensive strength.

But due to charcoal light weight, in Powdered, take up space comparatively large, transport and storage cost higher, and also exist in using in farmland process and use the difficulty such as inconvenience, dust pollution, limit agricultural extension and the utilization of biomass charcoal.For this reason, the present inventor makes biomass charcoal base composite fertilizer by being coordinated with plurality of raw materials by biomass charcoal, the release period of fertilizer nutrient is extended by charcoal, reduce nutrient loss, Inorganic whisker thing then eliminates the defect of charcoal nutrient deficiency, thus accomplished making full use of charcoal, significant to agricultural high-effiency, ecology, environmental protection, Sustainable development.

Summary of the invention

The present invention compensate for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of wheat straw biologic charcoal of harmless environmental protection fertile and preparation method thereof.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

Fertilizer of the present invention is made up of the raw material of following weight part: wheat bran 43-48, Sodium Selenite 2-4, durian shell 20-25, sodium carbonate 2-4, borax 2-3, tobacco leaf 26-30, nitrilotriacetic acid(NTA) 1-3, fresh Enteromorpha 150-160, complex micro organism fungicide 4-5, wheat stalk 220-230, freshly voided urine 32-36, water are appropriate;

Described complex micro organism fungicide comprises Rhizopus oryzae, subtilis and bacillus cereus, and proportion is 1:2:2.

The concrete steps of the preparation of described fertilizer are as follows:

(1) smash to pieces after Enteromorpha being cleaned and mix with durian shell, wheat bran, tobacco leaf, dropping in fermentation vat adds water regulates water content to be 42-48%, again to inoculating complex microorganism microbial inoculum in fermented product, afterwards fermented product is stirred and start fermentation, every turning in 2-4 days once, and Simultaneously test fermentation heap temperature, control fermentation heap top temperature and be no more than 70 DEG C, in fermentation 2-3 week, after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, fermented liquid and ferment slag are obtained to fermentation heap squeeze and filter, for subsequent use;

(2) drop in carbonizing kiln after wheat stalk being pulverized, be heated to 470-530 DEG C, insulation charing 3-4 hour, again temperature is increased to 770-830 DEG C, insulation 1-2 hour, carries out second time charing, stop heating afterwards, and it is for subsequent use that gained wheat stalk powdered carbon is cooled to room temperature;

(3) in step 1 gained fermented liquid, add nitrilotriacetic acid(NTA), sodium carbonate, at being heated to 48-52 DEG C, be incubated 50-60 minute, then after being cooled to room temperature, add borax, Sodium Selenite stirring, obtain nutritive medium for subsequent use;

(4) by freshly voided urine and step 3 gained nutritive medium mixing and stirring, adding citric acid solution regulates PH to be 3.7-4.3, equiponderant three parts are divided into after concentrated for mixed solution heating 8-10 times, and successively with step 2 gained wheat stalk powdered carbon mixing and absorption, repeatedly adsorb rear to powdered carbon-urine mixture bake drying, for subsequent use;

(5) granulating dropping in tablets press after step 1 gained ferment slag and step 4 gained material and leftover materials mixing, packing preservation after being weighed by gained particle, namely obtaining charcoal fertilizer of the present invention.

Charcoal purity can be improved to the secondary charing of wheat stalk in step 2, and increase the number cells of charcoal further, improve its adsorptive power.

The method using wheat stalk powdered carbon repeatedly to adsorb in step 4 can improve the crystallized ability of charcoal to mixotrophism liquid Middle nutrition element, its huge specific surface area effectively can promote the formation of nitrogenous crystallization, and the loss of the nutritive element that drying process brings after preventing.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

The Enteromorpha added is except containing except carbon nitrogen organic composition, also containing small organic molecule and the natural phant such as growth hormone, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins growth regulators such as sea grass polysaccharide, N.F,USP MANNITOL, alginic acid, also have 40 various trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, iodine, zinc, ensure that and provide comprehensive nutrition supply to crop.

The raw materials used wide material sources of charcoal fertilizer of the present invention, and to environment without any destruction, tobacco leaf, durian shell, stalk etc. are all the second stage employ to waste resource, cooperation fermentation chelating is converted into all kinds of nutrients that crop easily absorbs, the growth of the adjustable crops such as the nitrilotriacetic acid(NTA) added, promote the results ahead of time of crop, have very strong Biodegradable, the CO of generation simultaneously ₂and NH ₃deng to facilitate again the photosynthesis of crop and add soil fertility, it is a kind of novel environmental protection high effect fertilizer.

Specific embodiments

Below in conjunction with following embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:

The raw material taking following weight part (kg) is made: wheat bran 45, Sodium Selenite 3, durian shell 22, sodium carbonate 3, borax 2, tobacco leaf 28, nitrilotriacetic acid(NTA) 2, fresh Enteromorpha 155, complex micro organism fungicide 5, wheat stalk 225, freshly voided urine 34, water are appropriate;

Described complex micro organism fungicide comprises Rhizopus oryzae, subtilis and bacillus cereus, and proportion is 1:2:2.

The concrete steps of the preparation of described fertilizer are as follows:

(1) smash to pieces after Enteromorpha being cleaned and mix with durian shell, wheat bran, tobacco leaf, dropping in fermentation vat adds water regulates water content to be 42-48%, again to inoculating complex microorganism microbial inoculum in fermented product, afterwards fermented product is stirred and start fermentation, every turning in 3 days once, and Simultaneously test fermentation heap temperature, control fermentation heap top temperature and be no more than 70 DEG C, ferment 3 weeks, after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, fermented liquid and ferment slag are obtained to fermentation heap squeeze and filter, for subsequent use;

(2) drop in carbonizing kiln after wheat stalk being pulverized, be heated to 500 DEG C, insulation charing 4 hours, again temperature is increased to 800 DEG C, is incubated 2 hours, carry out second time charing, stop heating afterwards, and it is for subsequent use that gained wheat stalk powdered carbon is cooled to room temperature;

(3) in step 1 gained fermented liquid, add nitrilotriacetic acid(NTA), sodium carbonate, at being heated to 50 DEG C, be incubated 55 minutes, then after being cooled to room temperature, add borax, Sodium Selenite stirring, obtain nutritive medium for subsequent use;

(4) by freshly voided urine and step 3 gained nutritive medium mixing and stirring, adding citric acid solution regulates PH to be 4.0, equiponderant three parts are divided into by after concentrated 8 times of mixed solution heating, and successively with step 2 gained wheat stalk powdered carbon mixing and absorption, repeatedly adsorb rear to powdered carbon-urine mixture bake drying, for subsequent use;

(5) granulating dropping in tablets press after step 1 gained ferment slag and step 4 gained material and leftover materials mixing, packing preservation after being weighed by gained particle, namely obtaining charcoal fertilizer of the present invention.

In order to further illustrate using value of the present invention, the present inventor have chosen 20 mu of rice test fields and carries out compliance test result to charcoal fertilizer of the present invention, wherein 10 mu of experimental group use charcoal of the present invention fertilizer to use common fertilizer as base manure as base manure, another 10 mu of control groups, and mu fertilise is 1600kg, during paddy growth, all management modes are all identical, record experimental data as follows after maturation:

Project

Control group

Experimental group

Soil available nitrogen content (mg/kg)	34.29	40.70
			Ammonia nitrogen content (mg/L) in paddy field water either	1.97	0.61
Disease and pest incidence (%)	5.2	2.9
			Output (kg/ mu)	558	607
Stimulation ratio (%)	——	8.78

After can finding out use charcoal fertilizer of the present invention from experimental data, the soil nutrient content of rice terrace significantly improves, decrease the nutritive loss of nitrogen loss to paddy field water either simultaneously, during paddy growth, disease and pest also significantly reduces, the quality of paddy rice is had greatly improved, finally obtain higher rice yield, have larger raising compared to control group productive rate.

Claims (2)

1. the wheat straw biologic charcoal of a harmless environmental protection is fertile and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: wheat bran 43-48, Sodium Selenite 2-4, durian shell 20-25, sodium carbonate 2-4, borax 2-3, tobacco leaf 26-30, nitrilotriacetic acid(NTA) 1-3, fresh Enteromorpha 150-160, complex micro organism fungicide 4-5, wheat stalk 220-230, freshly voided urine 32-36, water are appropriate;

Described complex micro organism fungicide comprises Rhizopus oryzae, subtilis and bacillus cereus, and proportion is 1:2:2.

2. wheat straw biologic charcoal fertilizer of the harmless environmental protection according to claims 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, the concrete steps of preparation method are as follows:

(1) smash to pieces after Enteromorpha being cleaned and mix with durian shell, wheat bran, tobacco leaf, dropping in fermentation vat adds water regulates water content to be 42-48%, again to inoculating complex microorganism microbial inoculum in fermented product, afterwards fermented product is stirred and start fermentation, every turning in 2-4 days once, and Simultaneously test fermentation heap temperature, control fermentation heap top temperature and be no more than 70 DEG C, in fermentation 2-3 week, after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, fermented liquid and ferment slag are obtained to fermentation heap squeeze and filter, for subsequent use;

(2) drop in carbonizing kiln after wheat stalk being pulverized, be heated to 470-530 DEG C, insulation charing 3-4 hour, again temperature is increased to 770-830 DEG C, insulation 1-2 hour, carries out second time charing, stop heating afterwards, and it is for subsequent use that gained wheat stalk powdered carbon is cooled to room temperature;

(3) in step 1 gained fermented liquid, add nitrilotriacetic acid(NTA), sodium carbonate, at being heated to 48-52 DEG C, be incubated 50-60 minute, then after being cooled to room temperature, add borax, Sodium Selenite stirring, obtain nutritive medium for subsequent use;

(4) by freshly voided urine and step 3 gained nutritive medium mixing and stirring, adding citric acid solution regulates PH to be 3.7-4.3, equiponderant three parts are divided into after concentrated for mixed solution heating 8-10 times, and successively with step 2 gained wheat stalk powdered carbon mixing and absorption, repeatedly adsorb rear to powdered carbon-urine mixture bake drying, for subsequent use;

(5) granulating dropping in tablets press after step 1 gained ferment slag and step 4 gained material and leftover materials mixing, packing preservation after being weighed by gained particle, namely obtaining charcoal fertilizer of the present invention.